scholarly journals Decentralization in Indonesia: An Evaluation of the Implementation of Laws 22 and 25 of 1999

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Beche Bt Mamma
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Worldwide Phenomenon ◽  
Decentralization Reform ◽  
Democratic Elections ◽  
Centralized System

Indonesia has been undergoing a reform process. It started with the process of rapid decentralization government began in 1999 from a strong centralized system. One of its process is the introduction of decentralization, a process of transfer power from the central government to provinces to sub-provinces. Decentralization became a worldwide phenomenon since over three decade. Countries around the world use decentralization principles with varying degree, mostly by transferring responsibilities of public service delivery to lower levels of government. The decentralization literature promotes the good governance aspects associated with decentralization including local citizen participation, democratic elections and financial and political equity. Decentralization in Indonesia is much more of an administrative decentralization rather than a fiscal decentralization. The central government continues to control a vast share of the revenues required for local governance under true decentralization.Key words: Decentralization, Reform Process, Centralized System, Governance

scholarly journals Fiscal Decentralization and Alternative Financial Sources for the Local Self-Government in Republic of North Macedonia - Overview

SEEU Review ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-29
Author(s):  
Jeton Mazllami
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Candidate Country ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Republic

Abstract Local governance in developing countries demonstrates many problems related to financial sources and good governance of their finances. Local Self-Government (LSG) units in the Republic of North Macedonia are very small which results in a lack of capabilities to raise enough funds to offer delegated services. The local government in the Republic of North Macedonia centralizes almost all public finance. Local budgets depend heavily on state transfers and donations from the central budget. The lack of funds remained a crucial problem even though there were some attempts for the decentralization process. Practically, governments in many of the local governments in North Macedonia could not secure their resources. In this way, they could come with specific charges, but all taxes are decided by the central government. The practice showed that local governments before borrowing needs to be approved by the Ministry of Finance. The Republic of North Macedonia as a potential candidate to join the European Union should make several changes regarding the legislation during the process of accession to benefit from being a small candidate country. The main aim of this paper is to investigate alternative financial sources such are Municipal Bonds, Partnership Sukuk securities, and PPP. Unfortunately, many financial alternatives have not been able to be implemented due to failures in reforms and good financial governance. But they remain an open opportunity for developing a local government in the future.

scholarly journals Quo vadis? The local government in Turkey after public management reforms

2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evrim Tan
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Public Services ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Decentralized System ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Quo Vadis

In the 2000s, Turkey has reformed its public administration system in line with New Public Management (NPM) principles towards a more decentralized system. Although the initial aim of the reform process is set to achieve a decentralized and more efficient public management system, the empirical data and official statistics cast doubt on whether this outcome will ever be achieved. Analyzing local government legislation, the discretion of central government in local governance, and the changes in the status of local government in public governance, the article presents the evolution of the local government system in Turkey during the Justice and Development Party government. Points for practitioners The public management reform experience of Turkey resembles the NPM reform patterns in countries with Napoleonic state tradition. Similar to these countries, the emphasis on managerial practices over participatory elements has been prevalent in improving the efficiency and effectiveness of public services. Yet, the findings in the Turkish case challenge the proposition that managerial reforms alone, without improving local democratic governance, can enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of public services.

scholarly journals GOOD LOCAL GOVERNANCE IN VIETNAM – BASED ON THE VIETNAM PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PERFORMANCE INDEX IN RECENT YEARS

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (5) ◽  
pp. 73-88
Author(s):  
Nguyen Trong Binh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Performance Index ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Government Reform ◽  
Governance Theory ◽  
The Government

Currently, public governance theory and "good governance" have a profound and positive influence on the government reform process in many countries around the world today. In essence, good governance is the set of principles and criteria on social management to maximize public interests as well as promote and ensure the harmonious and sustainable development of a country. It can be said that good governance is both the ideal state and the goal that government reform in countries is aiming for, and the guiding principles for the design and operation of the state apparatus, government or system. In recent years, reform of government as well as reform of local government, according to good governance theory in Vietnam, has achieved many outstanding results. This is evident in the improvement in the indicators of provincial governance and public administration (Provincial Governance and Public Administration Performance Index (hereinafter referred to as PAPI)) in Vietnam over the years. Based on the survey results of PAPI in recent years, the article analyzes the good governance level of the local government of Vietnam, offers comments and assessments and proposes solutions on how to increase and strengthen the reform of local government in Vietnam according to good governance theory.

Empowering people: Role for political social work in South Asia

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 877-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bala Raju Nikku ◽  
Zain Rafique
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Reform Policy ◽  
Institutional Power ◽  
Governance Reforms

South Asian governments have initiated political reforms engaging in rhetoric that resonates with the paradigms of good governance and empowerment of people. This article, applying a political social work framework, analyses reform policy in Pakistan and India in South Asia. By doing so, the article investigates the politics of local governance reforms in Pakistan and India within the context of domestic politics, institutional power and dynamics, and bureaucratic traditions and civil society activism. The article argues for renewed South Asian political social work that catalyzes robust local governance through citizen participation, resulting in the empowerment of people.

scholarly journals Good Governance Combination of Local Governance and E-Governance: A Conceptual Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Shyamala D.
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Natural Resource Exploitation ◽  
Conceptual Research

Our nation has the longest written constitution but the implementation of the Local Governance has been transferred and their efficiency has properly monitored or rectified by the state and central government. This is conceptual research has been done in the implementation process. This research mainly focused on quality of life. The Lack of Implementation process is connected with resource exploitation. Resource exploitation has two type’s human resource exploitation and natural resource exploitation. The directly three systems are connected with sustainable development but overall development left without because of bureaucratic, social leaders, and Knowledgeable people this research is not critical research but this research has a starting point for many reformations. This concept has defined implementation process is not based on rule of law it should be considered by social issues and clearly instructing for the proper implementation process and reduce the level exploitation and monitoring the unethical professionals and their rectification processing time will be less. This concept has separated no proper implementation process and improper implementation and analyzing the important factors for the proper implementation process. The factors like misuse of power and inefficiency should not affect the proper implementation process. The result of the lack of implementation process is organized resource exploitation. This plan will reduce the worst handling of decentralization process may be a strong reason for the lack of implementation process will directly connect with the organized resource exploitation. This research focusing on the efficiency and equity of the governance strongly insisted people should train by the local governance free from favoritism, partial’s and nepotism, this plan has look into transforming the local governance. It will solve prolonging and procrastination in their issues It will reduce the organized crime result of lack of implementation process. Identify the exploiter or victim. The idea will combine the education system Social system and governance syste into one roof. To analyze all type of social issues and protect the weaker section.

Administrative-financial decentralization: targets of the reform and the results of the first stage

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Iryna Storonyanska ◽  
Khrystyna Patytska
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Public Governance ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Reform Implementation ◽  
Territorial Organization ◽  
Decentralization Reform

The scientific paper emphasizes the results of the first stage of administrative-financial decentralization in Ukraine that has been lasting for four years. The authors substantiate the reasonability of considering decentralization as the mechanism to achieve boosting of economic growth in the country according to the “upward” principle based on active use of own socio-economic resources of communities. The paper defines the major goals of the reform across the levels of public governance and the goal of the policy in the sphere of decentralization, which stipulates the shift from decentralized governance model, securing the capability of local governance and development of efficient system of authorities’ territorial organization in Ukraine. Possible risks of negative impact of fiscal decentralization on economic growth of the country are explained based on defining the peculiarities of the reform implementation in the western countries. Basic principles to be taken into account in forming of methodical approaches to evaluation of the efficiency of decentralization mechanisms in the context of their impact on socio-economic development of a territory are outlined. The institutional provision of decentralization reform in Ukraine is analyzed. The peculiarities of compliance with the stages of implementation of the local governance and authorities’ territorial organization reform in Ukraine are determined. Special attention is paid to the condition of legislative maintenance of the reform. The authors outline the dualistic approach to decentralization in Ukraine at conceptual level, which stipulates not only the securing of efficient local governance and capability of administrative-territorial units of basic level, but also the need to establish efficient regional policy. The paper defines the features of CTCs forming in Ukraine from the viewpoint of specifying of the number of consolidated local councils and the number of residents as well as the level of financial provision of budgets of such administrative-territorial groupings. Major problems of forming and development of CTCs in conditions of conclusion of the first reforming stage and possible risks caused by these problems are outlined.

scholarly journals Good Governance Combination of Local Governance and E-Governance: A Conceptual Framework

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Dr. D. Shyamala ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Natural Resource Exploitation ◽  
Conceptual Research

Our nation has the longest written constitution but the implementation of the Local Governance has been transferred and their efficiency has properly monitored or rectified by the state and central government. This is conceptual research has been done in the implementation process. This research mainly focused on quality of life. The Lack of Implementation process is connected with resource exploitation. Resource exploitation has two type’s human resource exploitation and natural resource exploitation. The directly three systems are connected with sustainable development but overall development left without because of bureaucratic, social leaders, and Knowledgeable people this research is not critical research but this research has a starting point for many reformations. This concept has defined implementation process is not based on rule of law it should be considered by social issues and clearly instructing for the proper implementation process and reduce the level exploitation and monitoring the unethical professionals and their rectification processing time will be less. This concept has separated no proper implementation process and improper implementation and analyzing the important factors for the proper implementation process. The factors like misuse of power and inefficiency should not affect the proper implementation process. The result of the lack of implementation process is organized resource exploitation. This plan will reduce the worst handling of decentralization process may be a strong reason for the lack of implementation process will directly connect with the organized resource exploitation. This research focusing on the efficiency and equity of the governance strongly insisted people should train by the local governance free from favoritism, partial’s and nepotism, thisplanhas look into transforming the local governance. It will solve prolonging and procrastination in their issues It will reduce the organized crime result of lack of implementation process. Identify the exploiter or victim. The idea will combine the education system Social system and governance syste into one roof. To analyze all type of social issues and protect the weaker section.

Comparing The Principalship of Madrasah and Sekolah in The Decentralization Era

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 24-35
Author(s):  
Saefudin A Safi'i
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
School Leadership ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
New Order ◽  
The Public ◽  
Centralized Management ◽  
Decentralization Policy

The downfall of the New Order Regime in 1998 brought about significant change to Indonesia’s public sector.  Law number 22 of 1999, further refined by Law 32 of 2004, provide legal bases for district governments to administer the public sector. The central government also introduces the notion of good governance through the promulgation of various regulations. For Madrasah however, decentralization policy failed to provide clear legal bases as to how it relates to district government. Law 32 of 2004 verse 10 article 3 retains the centralized management by the Ministry of Religious Affairs. This however does not exclude Madrasah from public demand of implementing the principle of good governance. This study analyses the dynamics of principal-ship both in the Sekolah and the Madrasah in the era of decentralization. By comparing two research sites, this study sought to create better understanding about the context by which the organization climate of two different schools are shaped, and how principals and teachers perceives the notion of school leadership in the light of most recent policy development. To do this, interviews were undertaken and questionnaire-based data collection was also conducted. The study found that in the ground level implementation of decentralization policy, Sekolah developed more rigorous leadership compared to that in the Madrasah. This research recommends the adoption of stronger regulation regarding principal-ship of Madrasahs in order to create an environment that is more in tune with the spirit of public service reforms.

DATABASE DESIGN FOR E-GOVERNANCE APPLICATION: A FRAMEWORK FOR THE MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS OF THE VIETNAM COMMITTEE FOR ETHNIC MINORITY AFFAIRS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Viet Hung ◽  
Phan Van Hung ◽  
Be Trung Anh
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information System ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Base System ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Competency Based

Data mode “good governance” developed in the last century for process of sustainable base system, providing basic information and on-line services, supports the development, challenges and opportunities in the context of globalization and integration. In this paper I discuss a framework for the design of e-Local Governance (eLG) that integrates Information System (IS), Geographical Information System (GIS) and Atlas with focus on ethnic minorities in Vietnam. The design framework is based on various classifications such categories as sex, age, ethnic group, education background and income. The database system is built to enhance the Committee for Ethnic Minority Affairs (CEMA) capabilities in the planning and decision making process by providing the authorities with data, internet GIS, internet communication and some ecological economic models to disseminate results to the ethnic minorities. The unique feature of the CEMADATA using GIS is that it helps users not only to improve the public services and to provide information and encourage ethnic minorities to participate in decision making processes, but also to support the competency-based training for IT staff

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