THE INFLUENCE OF EDUCATION, WELFARE AND RESIDENTIAL AREA ON ADOLESCENT MARRIAGES

The low median of age of first marriage in South Kalimantan is partly due to the high number of adolescent marriages that hinder the maturity age of marriage program. Adolescent marriages in this study is the age at first marriage for someone under the age of 20 years. This paper aims to analyze the factors that influence adolescent marriage in South Kalimantan. The study used a cross-sectional research design with data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS), South Kalimantan Province. The sample in this study were all married women aged 15-49 years who were respondents to the 2017 IDHS, which were divided into two categories as follows. (1) The category of adolescent marriage was the age of first marriage 15-19 years who met the criteria, amounting to 305 respondents. (2) The category of adult marriage is the age at first marriage of 20 years and over who meets the criteria, amounting to 328 respondents. The analysis in this study used univariable, bivariable and multivariable analysis. The results of the analysis show that 13.3 percent of women with low education, come from poor households and live in rural areas, cause adolescent marriages in South Kalimantan.

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Age at First Marriage and Fertility Decline in Dabat Health and Demographic Surveillance System Site, northwest Ethiopia: Decomposition analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-21347/v3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nega Mihret Alazbih ◽

Assefa Hailemariam Kaya ◽

Mezgebu Yitayal Mengistu ◽

Kassahun Alemu Gelaye

Keyword(s):

Fertility Decline ◽

Surveillance System ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Married Women ◽

Demographic Surveillance System ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

First Marriage ◽

Age At First Marriage

Abstract Background: Fertility declines in Ethiopia have been documented since 1990s. Amhara National Regional State has recorded the most noticeable fertility decline. However, specific factors that explain the incipient course of fertility decline in the study area and their relative contributions were not well investigated. Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine the factors that contributed for fertility decline, and to assess the variations in fertility that can be attributed to both changes in characteristics and reproductive behaviors of women aged 15–49 years between 2008 and 2014 in Dabat Demographic and Health Surveillance System Site, Northwest Ethiopia.Methods: Cross sectional censuses were carried out in Dabat Health and Demographic Surveillance System site in 2008 and 2014. Data for 4,775 and 10,807 women with reproductive age in 2008 and 2014 were used for the analysis. Poisson regression model was employed to assess the trends of determinants of fertility, and Multivariate Decomposition technique was applied to evaluate observed changes in fertility using data from two consecutive cross-sectional censuses of Dabat HDSS conducted in 2008 and 2014.Results: The findings indicated that there was a reduction of an average 640.69 births per 1,000 women of the reproductive age during the year 2014 compared to the year 2008 in the surveillance site (P-value <0.001; 95% CI: -669.5 to -582.4). This overall change in fertility during the study period was attributed to both changing characteristics of women (the distribution effect) (76%) (P-value < 0.001; 95%CI: -524.74, -453.13, and their reproductive behavior (the effect shown by regression coefficients of the variables on the outcome) (24%) (P-value <0.001; 95% CI: -224.36 to -79.14). The drivers of the recent fertility decline during the study period were the shift observed in the age at first marriage, the change in the proportion of currently married women, the shift in women’s birth to later age and the change in women's educational status.Conclusion: This study indicated that the overall reduction in fertility was attributed to both changing characteristics of women and their reproductive behavior. The major contributors to the changes in fertility were the postponing of women’s first marriage to later age and the change in the proportion of currently married women over the study period. Encouraging women to complete at least secondary education are important to increase the age at first marriage and birth which intern accelerate the current fertility transition.

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Determinan Sikap Tindak Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga di Provinsi Banten

Jurnal Aspirasi ◽

10.46807/aspirasi.v9i2.1113 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 173-189

Author(s):

Fini Fajrini ◽

Rr Arum Ariasih ◽

Noor Latifah A

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

National Commission ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

First Marriage ◽

Age At First Marriage ◽

Cross Sectional Design

Violence against women is a major public health problem worldwide. Result of the National Commission on Violence Against Women’s 2017 mapping showed that violence against women spreads more widely, in various types, causing traumatic scars, and the number continues to grow reaching 348.446 cases. This research aims to analyze the relations between individual, family, and community basis with supportive attitude toward domestic violence. Domestic violence in Banten Province is relatively high, from 2010 to September 2017 reaching 442 cases. Data analysis was carried out on married men and women, a total of 1.876 in Banten Province’s 2012 Indonesian Demographic Health Survey. IDHS used a cross-sectional design and the statistical analysis employed logistic regression. The results showed that supportive attitude were widely welcomed at individual basis (women younger age, low education, younger of age at first marriage, and living in rural areas) as well as at family basis (being a sole decision maker). AbstrakKekerasan terhadap perempuan merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang utama di seluruh dunia. Hasil pemetaan Komnas Perempuan tahun 2017 di seluruh Indonesia, menunjukkan bahwa persebaran kekerasan terhadap perempuan semakin luas, bentuknya semakin beragam, bekas traumanya mendalam, dan jumlahnya terus berkembang mencapai 348.446 kasus. Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga di Provinsi Banten tergolong tinggi terhitung dari tahun 2010 hingga September 2017 mencapai 442 kasus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor individu, keluarga, dan masyarakat dengan sikap setuju terhadap kekerasan dalam rumah tangga. Analisis data dilakukan pada responden laki-laki dan perempuan menikah sebanyak 1.876 orang di Provinsi Banten pada Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia 2012. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross sectional dengan analisis statistik menggunakan regresi logistik berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sikap setuju lebih diterima secara luas pada faktor individu (perempuan, orang berusia lebih muda, orang berpendidikan rendah, menikah muda, status ekonomi rendah, dan tinggal di pedesaan) dan faktor keluarga (pengambilan keputusan tunggal).

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Age at First Marriage and Fertility Decline in Dabat Health and Demographic Surveillance System Site, northwest Ethiopia: Decomposition analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-21347/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nega Mihret Alazbih ◽

Assefa Hailemariam Kaya ◽

Mezgebu Yitayal Mengistu ◽

Kassahun Alemu Gelaye

Keyword(s):

Fertility Decline ◽

Surveillance System ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Married Women ◽

Demographic Surveillance System ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

First Marriage ◽

Age At First Marriage

Abstract Background: Fertility declines in Ethiopia have been documented since 1990s. Amhara National Regional State has recorded the most noticeable fertility decline. However, specific factors that explain the incipient course of fertility decline in the study area and their relative contributions were not well investigated. Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine the factors that contributed for fertility decline, and to assess the variations in fertility that can be attributed to both changes in characteristics and reproductive behaviors of women aged 15–49 years between 2008 and 2014 in Dabat Demographic and Health Surveillance System Site, Northwest Ethiopia.Methods: Cross sectional censuses were carried out in Dabat Health and Demographic Surveillance System site in 2008 and 2014. Data for 4,775 and 10,807 women with reproductive age in 2008 and 2014 were used for the analysis. Poisson regression model was employed to assess the trends of determinants of fertility, and Multivariate Decomposition technique was applied to evaluate observed changes in fertility using data from two consecutive cross-sectional censuses of Dabat HDSS conducted in 2008 and 2014.Results: The findings indicated that there was a reduction of an average 641 births per 1,000 women of the reproductive age during the year 2014 compared to the year 2008 in the surveillance site (P-value <0.001; 95% CI: -669.5, -582.4). This overall change in fertility during the study period was attributed to both changing characteristics of women (the distribution effect) (78%) (P-value <0.001; 95%CI: -537.65, -462.32), and their reproductive behavior (the effect shown by regression coefficients of the variables on the outcome) (22%) (P-value <0.001; 95% CI: -214.56 to -67.368). The drivers of the recent fertility decline during the study period were the shift observed in the age at first marriage, the change in the proportion of currently married women, the shift in women’s birth to later age and the change in women's educational status.Conclusion: This study indicated that the overall reduction in fertility was attributed to both changing characteristics of women and their reproductive behavior. The major contributors to the changes in fertility were the postponing of women’s first marriage to later age and the change in the proportion of currently married women over the study period. Encouraging women to complete at least secondary education are important to increase the age at first marriage and birth which intern accelerate the current fertility transition.

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Age at First Marriage and Fertility Decline in Dabat Health and Demographic Surveillance System Site, northwest Ethiopia: Decomposition analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-21347/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Nega Mihret Alazbih ◽

Assefa Hailemariam Kaya ◽

Mezgebu Yitayal Mengistu ◽

Kassahun Alemu Gelaye

Keyword(s):

Fertility Decline ◽

Surveillance System ◽

Decomposition Analysis ◽

Married Women ◽

Demographic Surveillance System ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

First Marriage ◽

Age At First Marriage

Abstract Background: Fertility declines in Ethiopia have been documented since 1990s. Amhara National Regional State has recorded the most noticeable fertility decline. However, specific factors that explain the incipient course of fertility decline area and their relative contributions were not well investigated.Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine the factors that contributed for fertility decline, and to assess the variations in fertility that can be attributed to both changes in characteristics and reproductive behaviors of women aged 15–49 years. Methods: Cross sectional censuses were carried out in Dabat Health and Demographic Surveillance System site in 2008 and 2014. Data for 4,775 and 10,807 women with reproductive age in 2008 and 2014 were used for the analysis. Poisson regression model was employed to assess the trends of determinants of fertility, and Multivariate Decomposition technique was applied to evaluate observed changes in fertility. Results: The findings indicated that there was a reduction of an average 641 births per 1,000 women of the reproductive age during the year 2014 compared to the year 2008 in the surveillance site(P-value <0.001; 95% CI: -669.5, -582.4). This overall change in fertility during the study period was attributed to changing characteristics of women (78%)(P-value <0.001; 95%CI: -537.65, -462.32), and their reproductive behavior (22%)(P-value <0.001; 95% CI: -214.56 to -67.368). The drivers of the recent fertility decline during the study period were the shift observed in the age at first marriage, the change in the proportion of currently married women, the shift in women’s birth to later age and the change in women's education. Conclusion: This study indicated that the overall reduction in fertility was attributed to both changing characteristics of women and their reproductive behavior.The major contributors to the changes in fertility were the postponing of women’s first marriage to later age and the change in the proportion of currently married women over the study period. Encouraging women to complete at least secondary education are important to increase the age at first marriage and birth which intern accelerate the current fertility transition.

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Prevalence of Trichomonas Vaginalis and its Correlation with Socio-demographic Variables in Pregnant Women in Al-Diwaniya,Iraq

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v9ispl1.1286 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽

Author(s):

Shiren Ali Al Hamzawi

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Transmitted Infection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Vaginal Swabs ◽

Low Education

Estimates of Trichomonas vaginalis prevalence in pregnant women are variable with few studies in Iraq.T. vaginalis is a worldwide prevalent sexually transmitted infection,but fortunately,it is very treatable. Researchers believed that pregnancy is one of the effective factors for T. vaginalis infection in women.A cross-sectional study performed in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department at Maternity and Children Teaching Hospital in Al-Diwaniya city on two hundred female pregnant patients between the ages of 16-45 years. These females had no intercourse for 2–3 days,not using drugs (antibiotics,antiprotozoal or steroids) for the last 15 days. Vaginal discharges of any type with or without itching,burning sensation or both were their main complaints. Vaginal swabs were taken from all participating patients for direct wet mount microscopy and culture for the detection of Trichomonas vaginalis infection. The study showed that twelve out of two hundred examined pregnant women (6%) presented with T. vaginalis infection. The infection was more in those with mothers’ age (26-35) years,housewives,low education,higher parity,and of rural residents. Other maternal variables were not significantly associated with T. vaginalis infection. The study showed a prevalence of (6%) of T. vaginalis infection in pregnant female attendees. Infection was more in those with mothers ’age (26-35) years,housewives,low educational level,higher parity,and living in rural areas.

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Uterine prolapse and associated factors among reproductive age women in Dawro zone, southwest Ethiopia: a community based cross sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-88566/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Abebe Sorsa Badacho ◽

Mengistu Auro Lelu ◽

Zegeye Gelan

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Uterine Prolapse ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Women Of Reproductive Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

First Marriage ◽

Age At First Marriage ◽

Assisted Delivery ◽

History Of

Abstract Background: Uterine Prolapse is an important but one of the most neglected public health problems causing maternal morbidity and mortality among women of reproductive age in developing countries including Ethiopia. However, yet few data are available with respect to uterine prolapse. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of, and factors associated with uterine prolapse among women of reproductive age.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Loma Woreda, Dawro southwest Ethiopia, from November to December 2019. A total of 422 randomly selected women of reproductive age were participated in the study. Data were collected by face-to-face interview with pre-structured questionnaire and clinical diagnoses were carried out. Epi data 3.2.1 and SPSS version 24 were used for data entry, processing and analysis. Binary Logistic regression was used to find out the association between dependent and independent variables. Variables with P-value less than 0.25 in bivariate logistic regression were further examined using multivariate logistic regression to investigate an association between dependent variable and independent variables. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 35.4 years (±7.994 SD). This study identified that the prevalence of symptomatic and anatomical uterine prolapse was 6.6 %(28) and 5.9%(25) respectively. The prevalence of anatomical prolapse was used as a reference when determining the associated factors. Age at first marriage (AOR: 0.25, 95%CI (0.07, 0.89), place of delivery (AOR: 3.33, 95%CI (1.21, 9.13), birth attendant assisted delivery (AOR 0.21; 95%CI (0.06, 0.71) and history of abortion (AOR: 2.94, 95%CI (1.08, 7.97) were found to have significantly and independently associated with prevalence of uterine prolapse. Conclusion: Uterine prolapse is common among women of reproductive age group age at first marriage, place of delivery, birth attendant assisted delivery, and history of abortion were found to be independent predictors of prevalence of uterine prolapse.

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Peruvians’ sleep duration: analysis of a population-based survey on adolescents and adults

10.7287/peerj.preprints.166 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Rodrigo M. Carrillo-Larco ◽

Antonio Bernabé-Ortiz ◽

J. Jaime Miranda ◽

Jorge Rey de Castro

Keyword(s):

Sleep Duration ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

Population Level ◽

Educational Status ◽

Sleep Habits ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Short Sleep ◽

Long Sleep

Sleep duration, either short or long, has been associated with diseases such as obesity, type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Characterizing the prevalence and patterns of sleep duration at the population-level, especially in resource-constrained settings, will provide informative evidence on a potentially modifiable risk factor. The aim of this study was to explore the patterns of sleep duration in the Peruvian adult and adolescent population, together with its socio-demographic profile. This is a cross-sectional study, secondary analysis of the Use of Time National Survey conducted in 2010. Weighted means and proportions were used to describe sleep duration according to socio-demographic variables. Poisson regressions, taking into account the multistage sampling design of the survey, were used to calculate crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Main outcomes were short- (<6 hours) and long-sleep duration (≥9 hours). A total of 12,424 observations, mean age 35.8 years (SD ±17.7), 50.6% males, were included in the analysis. On average, Peruvians slept 7.7 hours (95% CI 7.4-8.0) on weekdays and 8.0 hours (95% CI 7.8-8.1) during weekends. The proportions of short- and long-sleep, during weekdays, were 4.3% (95% CI 2.9%-6.3%) and 22.4% (95% CI 14.9%-32.1%), respectively. Regarding urban and rural areas, a much higher proportion of short-sleep was observed in the former. On the multivariable analysis, compared to regular-sleepers (≥6 to <9 hours), short-sleepers were twice more likely to be older and to have higher educational status, and 50% more likely to be currently employed. Similarly, relative to regular-sleep, long-sleepers were more likely to have a lower socioeconomic status as per educational attainment. In this nationally representative sample, the sociodemographic profile of short-sleep contrasts the long-sleep. These scenarios in Peru, as depicted by sleeping duration, differ from patterns reported in other high-income settings and could serve as the basis to inform and to improve sleep habits in the population.

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Ketidakhadiran tenaga kesehatan di puskesmas: analisis data IFLS 2012 di Wilayah Indonesia Timur

Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat ◽

10.22146/bkm.25628 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 32 (12) ◽

pp. 481

Author(s):

Candra Candra ◽

Lutfan Lazuardi ◽

Mubasysyir Hasanbasri

Keyword(s):

Health Center ◽

Health Worker ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Quantitative Research ◽

Health Workers ◽

Health Centre ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

East Kalimantan

Absenteeism among primary health center workers: an analysis of the 2012 IFLS in Eastern IndonesiaPurposeThe study aimed to determine the determinants for absence of health centre employees in urban and rural areas in the eastern Indonesian region using data IFLS East 2012.MethodsThis study was a quantitative research using secondary data analysis of Indonesian family life survey (IFLS) East 2012 with health professionals using a cross-sectional design. The population was all health workers in seven provinces in Eastern Indonesia (Nusa Tenggara Timur, East Kalimantan, South East Sulawesi, Maluku, North Maluku, Papua, West Papua). The research sample totaled 1809 health workers. Analysis used STATA version 12.ResultsThe results of bivariable analysis on the variables gender, type of health worker, tenure, health center locations showed a significant relationship with absenteeism the health center employee. The results showed from the multivariable analysis showed higher odds ratio at rural health centers versus urban locations with absenteeism of health center employee, but there was no significant difference.ConclusionThe absenteeism of health center employees is influenced by various multi-factors especially gender, types of health worker, tenure and health center locations. Increased capacity in the management by health center managers, broader authority to enforce discipline, and monitoring by the community is expected to decrease absenteeism of health center employees.

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TINGKAT, POLA, DAN DETERMINAN USIA KAWIN WANITA DAN PRIA*

Populasi ◽

10.22146/jp.11462 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Sukamdi Sukamdi ◽

Susi Eja Yuarsi ◽

Wini Tamtiari

Keyword(s):

Secondary Data ◽

Point Of View ◽

Population Census ◽

Cultural Backgrounds ◽

West Java ◽

First Marriage ◽

South Sulawesi ◽

Age At First Marriage ◽

Independent Variable ◽

Age Of Marriage

This study is conducted in three provinces, West Java, South Sulawesi and West Nusa Tenggara, which represent different cultural background, using secondary data namely marital verification forms (MVF). From methodological point of view this study finds that MVF can be used as data sources in analysing age of marriage inspiteof using population census or national surveys.The result of previous studies have not been confirmed by this study. Mean age at first marriage in West Java is not the lowest, but is West Nusa Tenggara. In addition South Sulawesi is always the highest. Cultural backgrounds such as dowery in South Sulawesi which is the highest among the provinces and the tradition of delopement in West Nusa Tenggara are very important in explaining the variation of age at first marriage. However education has also an important role as independent variable for age at first marriage.

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Measuring Catastrophic Health Expenditures and its Inequality: Evidence from Iran’s Health Transformation Program

Health Policy and Planning ◽

10.1093/heapol/czz031 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 316-325 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi ◽

Mohammad Hossein Mehrolhassani ◽

Ali Darvishi

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

Health Expenditure ◽

Catastrophic Health Expenditure ◽

Rural Populations ◽

Financial Protection ◽

Dominance Test ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Poor Households ◽

Before And After ◽

Urban And Rural Areas

Abstract One of the important goals of Iran’s health transformation programme (HTP) is to improve financial protection for households against health expenditure. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence, intensity and inequality in distribution of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) using the WHO and the World Bank (WB) methodologies with different thresholds in the years before and after HTP. We used data from seven annual national repeated cross-sectional surveys on households’ income and expenditures from 2011 to 2017. The intensity to CHE was calculated using overshoot and mean positive overshoot (MPO) indices. Finally, the inequality in distribution of exposure to CHE was calculated using the concentration index (CI), and the dominance test of concentration curves was used to inference about the significant changes in inequality of the years before and after HTP. The exposure rate to CHE in the total population and at 40% threshold of the WHO methodology changed from 1.99% in 2011 to 3.46% in 2017. Additionally, at 20% threshold of the WB methodology, it was changed from 5.14% to 8.68%. Overshoot and MPO indices increased on average based on two methodologies in urban and rural areas during seven years. The CIs for all the years show a negative value in both methodologies, indicating that CHE occurrence is higher among the poor households. In 2017, at 40% threshold of the WHO, the numerical values of the CIs were −0.15 and −0.14 in urban and rural populations, respectively. These values were −0.07 and −0.05 for the 20% threshold of WB, respectively. Results of dominance test showed no significant change in inequality for the years after than before HTP with two exceptions for total and rural populations based on the WB methodology. Generally, HTP had no considerable success in financial protection, requiring a review in actions to support pro-poor adaptation strategies.

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