scholarly journals Acute renal failure as severe malaria complication in Lubumbashi: Management and follow-up in an under-equipped setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Deddy C. Kalonji ◽  
◽  
Lebrun N. Kembo ◽  
Matthieu Ngombe ◽  
Olivier Mukuku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Kidney Dialysis ◽  
Pediatric Service ◽  
The Mean

Purpose Acute renal failure (ARF) or acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the major criteria for the severity of malaria according to WHO. The objective was to determine the frequency as well as to evaluate the management and follow-up of ARF during malaria in children in Lubumbashi. Material and methods This is a descriptive cross-sectional study over 48 months (January 1st, 2016 to December 30th, 2019) carried out at the pediatric service of the University Clinics of Lubumbashi. All children with an ARF with a positive thick blood smear were included in the study. Data were analyzed with SPSS 19 software. Results During this period, 910 patients (49.1%) were admitted for malaria. Among them, 14 patients, i.e. an intra-hospital prevalence of 0.78%, of which 6 boys (42.9%) and 8 girls (57.1%) had ARF. The mean age is 7.9±3.5 years. The serum creatinine level was between 0.54 and 15.2 mg/dL with a mean of 5.7 mg/dL. Kidney dialysis was only effective in 3 patients (21.4%) and diuretics were given 100% in all children. The mean length of stay was 13.4±8.7 days (range: 1 day and 18 days). Mortality was 21.4%. Conclusion The present study shows that ARF in childhood malaria in Lubumbashi is infrequent but of high mortality in our environment with limited resources where care is lacking and monitoring difficult.

Frequency of factors leading to acute renal failure in obstetric patients.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (05) ◽  
pp. 640-646
Author(s):  
Shaheena Zafar ◽  
Riffat Jaleeel ◽  
Kouser Karim Lodhani
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Placental Abruption ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Common Factor ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To determine the frequency of factors leading to acute renal failure in obstetric patients. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Civil Hospital Karachi, Tertiary Care Hospital. Period: July 2015- Jan 2016. Material & Methods: Total 250 women during pregnancy and within 42 days after delivery who were diagnosed as ARF were included. Serum creatinine was done on admission and then after 24 hours of delievery. Those with urine output < 30ml / hour and serum creatinine > 1.5 mg / dl were recruited. All data was recorded on proforma. Results: The average age of the women was 29.36±5.87 years. Post-partum hemorrhage was the important and common factor i.e. 40.4%, followed by placental abruption 25.6%, Severe pre-eclampsia 18.4%, puerperal sepsis 8.4% and eclampsia 7.2%. Conclusion: Ante partum hemorrhage like placental abruption, eclampsia and preeclampsia, and postpartum hemorrhages’ are the major causes of obstetrical ARF. Good antenatal care and provision of universal health facility can prevent this dangerous condition. Though it is a treatable and curable complication, but if not diagnosed and treated timely, it can lead to significant maternal morbidity and mortality.

Comparison of Working Length Determination in Mandibular Single-Rooted Teeth

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Ruqayya Sana ◽  
Farzana Rehman ◽  
Farzana Rehman ◽  
Rashid Javaid
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Conventional Radiograph ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Working Length ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Electronic Apex Locator

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to compare working length calculated with conventional radiographs and an electronic apex locator (IPEX II) during the root canal treatment of mandibular anterior teeth. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Operative Dentistry, Sardar Begum Dental Hospital, Peshawar during February and March 2018. A consecutive sampling technique was used for sampling. Only 30 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria of our study. Detailed medical and dental history was taken. Only patient fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. RESULTS: The mean age for patients was 45.33±5.16. 33% out of 30 patients (10) were male and 20 were females. The mean working length calculated from radiographs was 22.25±1.29 (min 20.09-max 24.10). The mean working length calculated by the electronic apex locator (IPEX II) was 22.17±1.28 (min 20.00-max 24.07). The mean difference between working length calculated by radiograph and electronic apex locator was -0.084mm, which means the working length determined by radiographs and by electronic apex locator has no difference in mandibular anterior teeth with single canals. CONCLUSION: Both the methods can be used effectively in endodontics for single-rooted mandibular teeth, but if both are used in combinations can lead to an improvement in the working length accuracy, which may significantly reduce the number of radiographs exposure, and increase the success and comfort for endodontic patients. KEYWORDS: Working Length, Apex Locator, Conventional Radiograph

scholarly journals Lag screw cutout in intertrochanteric fractures fixed with DHS.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (09) ◽  
pp. 1862-1866
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nasir Ali ◽  
Muhammad Khalid Chishti ◽  
Kashif Siddiq ◽  
Muhammad Hamayun Hameed ◽  
Muhammad Tayyab Waheed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intertrochanteric Fractures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Position ◽  
Lag Screw ◽  
Screw Position ◽  
Hip Screw ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: To determine the failure of DHS (dynamic hip screw) in terms of lag screw cutout. Study Design: Hospital Based Cross Sectional study. Setting: BVH and Civil Hospital Bahawalpur. Period: From 2013 to 2018. Material & Methods: 273 patients of both genders with age more than 50 years having stable intertrochanteric fractures were included in this study. With the help of C arm, the best possible anatomical reduction and rigid internal fixation was done with 135 degree DHS. Lag screw position and TAD determined on first postoperative day on radiographs (Anteroposterior & Lateral). Failure of fixation was determined on the radiographs during follow up. Lag screw cut-out was the projection of the screw from the femoral head by more than 1mm. Results: The mean age of the patients was 68.6 years (50-88). There were 132 (51.1 %) males and 126 (48.8%) females. Overall lag screw cutout rate was 11.2%. 21(30.8%) had screw cutout while 47 (69.1%) healed successfully among 68 patients with TAD ≥ 25mm. On the other hand 8(4.2%) had screw cutout while 182 (95.7%) healed successfully among 190 patients with TAD < 25mm. Middle middle and inferior middle position had highest success rate (˃ 92%) while inferior posterior position had highest cutout rate (36.2%). Among different age categories high failure rate (17.8%) seen in patients more than 70 years. Conclusion: The incidence of lag screw cutout is 11.2 % and risk of cutout can be minimized by placing lag screw in middle middle or inferior middle position and keeping the TAD < 25mm. More attention during follow up should be paid to patients with age ˃ 70 years.

scholarly journals Frequency of acute renal failure in blackstone poisoning

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (06) ◽  
pp. 1285-1290
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ali Kanhar ◽  
Waseem Raja Memon ◽  
Nasrullah Aamer ◽  
Bahkat Ali Sial ◽  
Abdul Aziz Sahito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Urine Output ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Output Measurement

Objective: To determine the frequency of acute renal failure in patients presented with Blackstone poisoning in a tertiary care Hospital. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Medical wards and ICU at Peoples Medical College Hospital, Nawabshah. Period: September 2017 to March 2018. Material & Methods: All the patients of age 20 to 50 years having Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) poisoning (kala-patthar) during ≥6 hours after ingestion and either of gender were included. AKI was labelled as positive if either of any stage was present on the basses of urine output measurement for 24 hours through urine beg r urine output (UO) criteria. All the data was documented in self-made proforma. Results: The mean age for patients was 24.9±8.9 years, 46(19.08%) subjects were male and 195(80.91%) were female. 18(7.5%) study subjects had acute renal failure, out of them 6 study subjects had ARF of stage I, 5 patients had stage II and 7 study subjects had acute renal failure stage III. Conclusion: Acute renal injury is a common complication following PPD ingestion 7.5%. Paraphenylenediamine toxicity is a threat to the region of Asia and is evolving as a substitute to the poisoning of organophosphorus due to its easy accessibility and low cost.

Evaluate the delay in the management of acute abdomen at the Yaounde central hospital: a prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 155-158
Author(s):  
Joseph Cyrille Chopkeng Ngoumfe
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Central Hospital ◽  
Indication For Surgery ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Generalized Peritonitis ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
The Mean

Background: Early surgical treatment remains the first factor of good prognosis for the management of acute abdominal diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the delay in the management of these pathologies in our context. Material and methods: We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study at the Yaoundé Central Hospital (HCY) over 7 months. All patients over 15 years of age presenting with an acute non-traumatic digestive surgical abdomen were included. The follow-up was done during the entire hospital stay of the patients. The dates and times of the different stages of management were recorded. Results: We collected 63 patients, 37 men, with a sex ratio M/F of 1.42. The mean age was 41.06±18 years. The mean time between arrival in the emergency room and the indication for surgery was 16.9 hours. Acute generalized peritonitis (n=26) was the most common diagnosis with 41.3% of cases. The average time between the indication for surgery and the availability of the surgical kit was 19 hours. The average time between the availability of the operating kit and the start of the surgical procedure was 6.2 hours. The complication rate was 33.3%. The mortality rate was 15.9%. Conclusion: Our delays in the management of acute abdomens are relatively long. A better organisation of the system and continuous training of the medical staff of peripheral hospitals would improve the prognosis of our patients.

Dose-related effects of metformin on acid–base balance and renal function in patients with diabetes who develop acute renal failure: a cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Cucchiari ◽  
Manuel Alfredo Podestà ◽  
Elisa Merizzoli ◽  
Albania Calvetta ◽  
Emanuela Morenghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Base Balance

scholarly journals The Comparison of Visual Acuity After Congenital Cataract Surgery between Children ≤2 Years and >2-17 Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Adam Surya Romadhon ◽  
Joni Susanto ◽  
Rozalina Loebis
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Congenital Cataract ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Congenital Surgery ◽  
Better Than

Introduction: Congenital cataract is turbidity occurs in eye lens that present at birth or immediately after. We aim to find out visual acuity after congenital surgery between children under 2 years old and 2-17 years old after following up 3, 6, 12 months.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Data were gathered from medical record of congenital cataract aged ≤2 years and >2-17 years including age of surgery, frequency of eyes, sex, laterality, and visual acuity of patients with best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). All data analyzed using Mann-Whitney test.Results: 41 children (67 affected eyes) in which 45 eyes that were operated at aged ≤2 years and 22 eyes were operated at aged >2-17 years. There was average difference of visual acuity between age group of ≤2 years and >2-17 years while following-up 3 months (1.60 ± 0.34 logMAR, 1.23 ± 0.67 logMAR, p = 0,003). Whereas in follow up 6 months (1.23 ± 0.47 logMAR, 1.15 ± 0.68 logMAR, p = 0,242) and 12 months (0.94 ± 0.47 logMAR, 0.96 ± 0.44 logMAR, p = 0,840), there were no difference significant average of visual acuity.Conclusion: Visual acuity after following-up 3 and 6 months in age group of >2-17 years were better than age group of ≤2 years, whereas after following-up 12 months in age group ≤2 years, it was obtained that visual acuity was better than age group of >2-17 years.

scholarly journals The relationship between body mass index before pregnancy and the amount of weight that should be gained during pregnancy: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Resmiye Özdilek ◽  
Yılda Arzu Aba ◽  
Sena Dilek Aksoy ◽  
Bulat Aytek Şık ◽  
Yaşam Kemal Akpak
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To investigate the adaptation of pregnant women to the recommended weight gain range according to body mass index (BMI) and to determine the factors affecting them. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in a university hospital’s obstetrics and gynecology unit (tertiary center) in Turkey. This study was conducted between March 2018 and August 2018 (6 months) in pregnant women. Pregnant women with chronic disease and receiving treatment during antenatal follow-up, with twin pregnancy, with a fetus with a congenital abnormality, and nutritional disturbance were excluded from the study. Eight hundred twelve pregnant women with normal antenatal follow-up and who volunteered to participate were included in the study. Results: The mean age of the participants was 27.66±5.05 years. The mean weight and BMI before pregnancy were near standard in all participants. The group with the highest rate of recommended weight gain according to BMI before pregnancy was the group with low weight pregnant women. The ideal weight gain rate in all groups was 32%. Conclusions: The groups with overweight and obese pregnant women according to BMI before pregnancy had the highest rates of weight gain, above the recommended limits. BMI before pregnancy directly affects weight gain during pregnancy and the importance of pre-pregnancy counseling and weight loss is emphasized once again. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.133 How to cite this:Ozdilek R, Aba YA, Aksoy SD, Sik BA, Akpak YK. The relationship between body mass index before pregnancy and the amount of weight that should be gained during pregnancy: A cross-sectional study. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):---------.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.133 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF ANXIETY LEVEL, BLOOD PRESSURE AND PULSE PARAMETERS OF PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY EXPERIENCE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
Yasemin Altınbaş ◽  
Emine Derya Derya Ister
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
State And Trait Anxiety ◽  
The Mean

Objective: The study aimed to compare state and trait anxiety, blood pressure, and heart rate of patients with and without coronary angiography experience who undergo coronary angiography intervention. Methodology: This study is cross-sectional comparative research. A total of 160 patients, including 80 patients undergo for the first time coronary angiography and 80 patients with at least one experience of coronary angiography were included in the sample of the study. In the study, data were collected using 'Patient Information Form' and 'State-Trait Anxiety Inventory', blood pressure measurement device, and pulse oximeter. Results: The mean of state anxiety scores of the patients with and without CA experience were 39.35±5.31 and 39.98±4.04, respectively; (p=0.395). The mean of trait anxiety scores of the patients with and without CA experience were 44.73±6.84 and 44.51±6.05, respectively (p=0.826).  There was no statistically significant difference observed in state and trait anxiety between two groups. Before the CA procedure, the systolic and diastolic blood pressure average of the patients with CA experience were statistically higher than those without CA experience (p<0.05). Conclusion: The anxiety levels of the patients before the CA were observed to be similar and moderate, regardless of their CA experience. It was observed that patients with CA experience before CA procedure had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures compared to the group without experience.

scholarly journals Complications of organophosphorus poisoning.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 2149-2153
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shoaib Akhtar ◽  
Aziz Ur Rehman ◽  
Kiran Akbar ◽  
Mazhar Hussain ◽  
Moazzam Ali Atif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suicidal Intention ◽  
Organophosphorus Poisoning ◽  
History Of

Organophosphate (OP) compounds are insecticides whose toxicity is well reported. They can virtually involve any organ and cardiac and renal complications are one of the most dreadful ones. Objectives: To determine the frequencies of acute renal failure and cardiac complication in patients with Organophosphorus poisoning. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Medicine, Sheikh Zayed hospital, Rahim Yar khan. Period: January 2015 to December 2015. Material & Methods: All adult cases with documented history of Organophosphorus poising either trans-dermally or oral ingestion with either accidental or intentional intake were included. The cases then underwent ECG and renal function tests. The abnormalities in ECG were documented and the urea more than 30 mg/dl and creatinine more than 1.5 mg/dl was labeled as acute renal failure. Results: In this study there were 100 cases, 58 (58%) were females and 42 (42%) males. The mean age was 22.58±48 years and mean duration of OP taken was 7±0.24 hours. Complications were seen in 35 (35%) cases out of which 6 had ARF and 29 had cardiac arrhythmias. IA, 6 had prolonged QT and remaining 3 observed ventricular tachycardia (VT). ARF was common in females but there was no significant association with any study variables. However a near significant was seen in cases that presented with more than 4 hours of toxicity (p= 0.07). Cardiac arrhythmias were also more common in females. There was significant association of it with oral intake and with suicidal intention with p= 0.001 and 0.001. Conclusion: OP poisoning is common and cardiac complications are more than acute renal failure. Oral intake and with suicidal intention are significantly associated with cardiac complications.

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