scholarly journals Prevalence, awareness , treatment and control of high blood pressure in the elderly according to the ethnic group. Colombian survey

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Barrera ◽  
Fernando Gómez ◽  
Delia Ortega ◽  
Jairo Corhuelo ◽  
Fabián Méndez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Dark Skin ◽  
And Control ◽  
Light Medium

Introduction: High blood pressure (HBP) is the main cardiovascular risk factor, it is more prevalent in the older adult population, and the prevalence can vary between ethnic groups. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of HBP, knowledge, treatment and control in population aged ≥60 years, resident in Colombia, according to their ethnic condition. Methods: Population sample selected by multistage sampling. Ethnicity was defined based on skin color. HBP was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140, and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg, and/or the participants’ self-report. Controlled HBP at a blood pressure value <140/90, knowledge and treatment were identified by self-report. Results: 23,694 adults aged ≥ 60 years were included, of which 54.5%, 34.5% and 10.9% were respectively identified as having light, medium or dark skin color; 54.5% were women, and 78.1% resided in urban areas. The standardized prevalence of HBP, by age, was 57.7% (95% CI: 55.2 - 60.2); 51.4% (95% CI: 47.3-55. 5), in men; and 62.9% (60.9- 64.9), in women. The standardized prevalence for light, medium and dark skin in men was 53.2% (95% CI: 48.7-57.7), 49.6% (44.5-54.7), and 49.4% (95% CI: 41.0-57.8) respectively; and in women was 62.5% (95% CI: 60.5-64 , 5), 61.7% (95% CI: 57.8- 65.6), and 69.9% (95% CI: 63.6-76.2) respectively. 98% of the population received treatment, and 93.9% were aware of HBP diagnosis. 42.5% of men and 55.5% of women with HBP were under control. Only 21.8% performed regular physical activity. Conclusion: Half of the adult population aged over 60 years suffers from HBP; the prevalence is higher in women particularly in dark-skinned women. It is necessary to develop policies to increase physical activity in the elderly.

scholarly journals Prevalence of and factors associated with self-reported high blood pressure in Brazilian adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (suppl 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽  
Regina Tomie Ivata Bernal ◽  
Silvânia Suely Caribé de Araújo Andrade ◽  
Marta Maria Alves da Silva ◽  
Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Brazilian State ◽  
Increased Risk

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze factors associated with self-reported high blood pressure among adults in Brazilian state capitals. METHODS The study uses data from Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico (Vigitel – Surveillance System of Risk and Protection Factors of Noncommunicable Diseases by Telephone Survey) collected in 2013. Prevalence rates and their respective 95% confidence intervals by gender were estimated according to sociodemographic variables, lifestyle, reported noncommunicable diseases and self-rated health status. Multivariate logistic regression modeling was used to identify variables associated with self-reported high blood pressure with α < 0.05. RESULTS Prevalence of self-reported high blood pressure among adults living in Brazilian state capitals and the Federal District was 24.1%. The following variables were associated with self-reported high blood pressure: age group, taking 18-24 as reference (all age groups presented increased risk – from 25-34 years [OR = 2.6; 95%CI 2.0–3.4] up to 65 years or more [OR = 28.1; 95%CI 21.7–36.4]); low education level (9 to 11 years of study [OR = 0.8; 95%CI 0.7–0.9] and 12 years or more [OR = 0.6; 95%CI 0.6–0.7]); Black race or skin color (OR = 1.3; 95%CI 1.1–1.5); being a former smoker (OR = 1.2; 95%CI 1.1–1.3); obesity (OR = 2.7; 95%CI 2.4–3.0); diabetes (OR = 2.9; 95%CI 2.5–3.5%), and high cholesterol (OR = 1.9; 95%CI 1.8–2.2). CONCLUSIONS Approximately one quarter of the adult population living in Brazilian state capitals reported having high blood pressure. Information from Vigitel is useful to monitor high blood pressure and identity its associated factors, supporting public policies for health promotion, surveillance and care.

Association of demographic, lifestyle factors and serum biomarkers with hypertension in elderly Chinese people

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIUQIN HONG ◽  
NUALNONG WONGTONGKAM ◽  
PAUL RUSSELL WARD ◽  
SHUIYUAN XIAIO ◽  
SHULING WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Serum Biomarkers ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Substantial Risk ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACTHypertension is a major cause of premature death in China. Understanding risk factors including behavioural and predisposing factors may help to prevent development of hypertension and control the extent of premature mortality. In this case-control design conducted in Hunan province, 416 hypertensive subjects were matched with an equal number of normotensive persons from nearly 9,000 volunteers. A self-report questionnaire was employed to collect demographic and lifestyle information, and fasting serum biomarkers related to lipid profile, renal function, glucose level and uric acid were assessed. When age and sex were stratified, serum biomarkers such as blood urea nitrogen and triglycerides showed a significant difference for hypertension, while lifestyle behaviours including university degree, alcohol use, Body Mass Index and psychological stress (job and married life) were also associated with hypertension. After adjusting for covariate confounding factors, only elevated triglyceride levels were strongly linked to high blood pressure, odds ratio = 1.55, 95 per cent confidence level = 1.16–2.06. To control high blood pressure, hypertriglyceridemia should be included in hypertension treatment and followed up to assess the substantial risk of cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Association between health behaviours and cardiometabolic dysregulation: a population-based survey among healthy adults in Hong Kong

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e043503
Author(s):  
Esther Yee Tak Yu ◽  
Caitlin Hon Ning Yeung ◽  
Eric Yuk Fai Wan ◽  
Eric Ho Man Tang ◽  
Carlos King Ho Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Significant Difference

ObjectiveTo explore the association between cardiometabolic dysregulation, an integral component of allostatic load, and health risk behaviours (HRBs) of the Hong Kong healthy adult population.DesignSecondary analysis of cross-sectional anonymous data.SettingData on sociodemographics, self-reported health status, HRBs and biomarkers were extracted from the Hong Kong Population Health Survey 2014/2015.ParticipantsOne thousand five hundred and fifty-one participants aged 18–64 years without self-reported diagnoses of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia, cardiovascular disease, cognitive impairment or cancer.Primary outcome measuresCardiometabolic dysregulation index (CMDI), ranging from 0 to 6, was calculated by counting the number of biomarkers including systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, waist to hip ratio, glycated haemoglobin, total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, and triglycerides that were above the respective normal level suggested by international guidelines and literature. HRBs including smoking, dietary habits and sleeping hours were collected by self-report questionnaire. Alcohol consumption was assessed by the 10-item Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, while physical activity level was measured using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. A composite HRB score, ranging from 0 to 5, was calculated as the cumulative number of HRBs. The effect of HRB on CMDI was evaluated by negative binomial regression with adjustment for socioeconomic status, health awareness and comorbidities of the participants.ResultsThe mean CMDI of the studied population was 1.6; 29.5% had a CMDI of 0, whereas 1.5% had a CMDI of 6. Significant difference was observed in mean CMDI between gender and different age groups. Sleeping less than 6 hours (incidence rate ratio (IRR)=1.26, p<0.001), smoking (IRR=1.15, p=0.027), insufficient physical activity (IRR=1.12, p=0.007) and higher composite HRB score (IRR=1.12, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.18) were significantly associated with higher CMDI.ConclusionSmoking, physical inactivity and inadequate sleep—an essential yet often overlooked health behaviour—were associated with higher CMDI in the Hong Kong healthy adult population.

Does self-reported physical activity associate with high blood pressure in adolescents when adiposity is adjusted for?

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro V.G. Barros ◽  
Raphael Mendes Ritti-Dias ◽  
Simone Storino Honda Barros ◽  
Jorge Mota ◽  
Lars Bo Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure

Abstract WMP57: Declining Blood Pressure is Associated with Subcortical Microinfarcts in Older Adults

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mekala R Raman ◽  
Jonathan Graff-Radford ◽  
Scott A Przybelski ◽  
Timothy G Lesnick ◽  
Michelle M Mielke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Autopsy Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Pressures

Hypertension is highly prevalent in the elderly population and microinfarcts are the most common vascular brain pathology identified in older adults at autopsy. We investigated the associations between systolic and diastolic blood pressures measured antemortem and the presence of microinfarcts at autopsy. Study subjects (n=302; age range=71-95) were participants in the population-based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging autopsy study, who had blood pressure measurements recorded during life. We investigated both cross-sectional systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements at the baseline visit and the change in blood pressure (slope). Presence and location (subcortical or cortical) of chronic microinfarcts was abstracted from the autopsy reports. Of the 302 study subjects, 47 (16%) had cerebral microinfarcts, and, of those, 18 (38%) had subcortical microinfarcts and 29 (62%) had only cortical microinfarcts. The baseline blood pressures were not different between subjects with no microinfarcts, subcortical microinfarcts, and only cortical microinfarcts. In a logistic regression model including time between last blood pressure measurement and death, a greater decline in systolic [OR= 1.06 (1.01, 1.11); p=0.02]) and greater decline in diastolic [OR= 1.11 (1.02, 1.20); p=0.01] blood pressures were predictors of the presence of subcortical microinfarcts at autopsy. However, these variables were not associated with the presence of cortical microinfarcts. In conclusion, microinfarcts are common in the older adult population, and most of them are located in the cortex. A greater decline in both systolic and diastolic blood pressures and their association with subcortical microinfarcts, but not with cortical microinfarcts, may have implications for aggressive lowering of blood pressure in the elderly population.

PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT OF HYPERTENSION W. S. R. TO AYURVEDA: REVIEW ARTICLE

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Sandip Tawade
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
The World

Ayurveda is not only an ancient medical science but it is a complete life science.The main aim of Ayurveda is to maintain the health of a healthy person & to cure the disease of diseased person. From last few decades due to globalisation there is drastic change in working pattern, dietary habits & lifestyle. According to a new research, lifestyle diseases replaced traditional health risk factors resulting in an increase in incidents of diseases & deaths in India in the last two decades. Now most of the diseases & deaths are caused by High Blood Pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, alcohol use and poor diet. Unhealthy lifestyle is the root cause of many diseases broadly termed as lifestyle disorder. Hypertension is the most common lifestyle disease affecting population all over the world. About 26.4% of the world adult population in 2020 had hypertension and 29.2% were projected to have this condition by 2025. India is labeled as global capital of hypertension. The Ayurveda concentrates on achieving the promotion of health, prevention and management of disease for a healthy and happy life in the ailing society. The principals of Ayurveda are focused on maintaining good health by good diet and good lifestyle. Proper dietary habits, proper exercise, Yoga, Meditation along with Ayurveda herbs can be beneficial to balancing of mind, which reduce stress and maintain the blood pressure. The present review article is aimed that the planning of proper herbal medications as per Ayurveda guidelines will definitely control the high blood pressure without any hazardous side effects of drugs.

scholarly journals Use of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in identifying cardiovascular risk factors in male brazilian adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 678
Author(s):  
Lilian Messias Sampaio Brito ◽  
Luis Paulo Gomes Mascarenhas ◽  
Deise Cristiane Moser ◽  
Ana Cláudia Kapp Titski ◽  
Monica Nunes Lima Cat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n6p678 The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of physical activity (PA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) levels on the prevalence of overweight and high blood pressure levels in adolescents. In this observational, cross-sectional study, 614 boys aged 10-14 years were assessed for height, body mass, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure (BP). CRF was assessed using a run test (Léger Test) and subjects were then grouped according to their CRF level. PA level was assessed through a questionnaire (The Three Day Physical Activity Recall) and classified into two groups, namely > 300 minutes of PA/week and < 300 minutes of PA/week. Maturational stage was evaluated according to the development of pubic hair (self-assessment) as proposed by Tanner. We used statistical descriptive analysis, univariate and multivariate analyses in the total participants and subjects were divided by age. Fifty percent of the sample performed < 300 minutes of PA/week and 67.6% had unsatisfactory CRF levels. There was a higher prevalence of unsatisfactory CRF levels among subjects with altered BMI (overweight), WC (abdominal obesity) or BP (high blood pressure) for all age groups. PA history, however, did not show any significance. A total of 31% of participants were overweight, 24.8% had abdominal obesity and 15.4% had increased BP. Unsatisfactory CRF levels were found to be a better predictor for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases (CV) risk factors than PA history, regardless of age group. 

scholarly journals High Blood Pressure prevention and control: from evidence to action

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-138
Author(s):  
Lena Barrera
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control

The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) with the World Hypertension League has established the 17th May to promote the prevention and control of High Blood Pressure (HBP). Currently nearly 1.13 billion of adults suffer from HBP (blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg) worldwide. While HBP prevalence decreased in high income countries (HIC) between 1975 and 2015, the opposite trend was observed in low- and middle- income countries (LMIC). Particularly, in Latin American and Caribbean countries the prevalence decreased from 40.6% to 26.8% and from 26.8% to 19.4% for men and women between 45 to 49 years old respectively. However, in 2015, HBP accounted for 8.9 of the total of disability adjusted life years (DALYS) and was associated with 4.9 million, 2.0 million and 1.5 million deaths due to ischemic heart disease, hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke respectively. Therefore, HBP is the leading cardiovascular risk factor worldwide. In Colombia, the last National Health Survey reported a global prevalence of 22.8% and nearly 60% for those between 60 and 69 years in 2007

Maternal Prepregnancy Overweight and Offspring Fatness and Blood Pressure: Role of Physical Activity

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joey C. Eisenman ◽  
Mark A. Sarzynski ◽  
Jerod Tucker ◽  
Kate A. Heelan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Body Fatness ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Prepregnancy Bmi ◽  
Maternal Overweight ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to examine if offspring physical activity may affect the relationship between maternal overweight and offspring fatness and blood pressure (BP). Subjects included 144 maternal-child pairs (n = 74 boys and 70 girls, mean age = 7.3 yrs). Maternal prepregnancy BMI was determined by self-report. Offspring characteristics included resting systolic and diastolic BP, body fatness by dual energy x-ray absorbtiometry, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) using the Actigraph accelerometer. Children whose mothers were overweight or obese prepregnancy (Prepreg OW) were significantly larger and fatter than children from mothers with a normal prepregnancy BMI (Prepreg NORM). Prepreg OW children also had higher mean arterial pressure than Prepreg NORM children. BP values were not different across maternal Prepreg BMI/MVPA groups. Percent fat was significantly different across Prepreg BMI/MVPA groups. Prepreg OW children that did not meet the daily recommended value of MVPA were the fattest. Prepreg OW children that attained 360 min of MVPA/day had a mean percent body fat that was similar to Prepreg NORM children of either MVPA group.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the prevalence of hypertension and control practices among elderly residents of São Paulo city, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 2275-2286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Telma de Almeida Busch Mendes ◽  
Moisés Goldbaum ◽  
Neuber José Segri ◽  
Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Barros ◽  
Chester Luiz Galvão César ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
And Control

The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of hypertension and control practices among the elderly. The survey analyzed data from 872 elderly people in São Paulo, Brazil, through a cluster sampling, stratified according to education and income. A Poisson multiple regression model checked for the existence of factors associated with hypertension. The prevalence of self-reported hypertension among the elderly was 46.9%. Variables associated with hypertension were self-rated health, alcohol consumption, gender, and hospitalization in the last year, regardless of age. The three most common measures taken to control hypertension, but only rarely, are oral medication, routine salt-free diet and physical activity. Lifestyle and socioeconomic status did not affect the practice of control, but knowledge about the importance of physical activity was higher among those older people with higher education and greater income. The research suggests that health policies that focus on primary care to encourage lifestyle changes among the elderly are necessary.

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