scholarly journals DETERMINAN KINERJA ANGGARAN BELANJA PENDIDIKAN PADA KABUPATEN/KOTA DI ACEH

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Syukriy Abdullah ◽  
Mulia Saputra ◽  
Dara Fazella ◽  
Hasnawati Hasnawati ◽  
Aulia Afridzal
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Government Size ◽  
Budget Balance ◽  
Financial Independence ◽  
Revenue Growth ◽  
Local Revenue ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Using Data

<p><em>The purpose of this research is to examine the determinants of the Education Budget Performance in Aceh, namely Local Financial Independence, Last Year Budget Balance, Government Size, and Local Revenue Growth using data from districts and cities in Aceh for year 2011-2015. The results of the study show that Local Financial Independence and Last Year Budget Balance has a negative effect on Education Budget Performance, while the other two variables have no effect.</em><em></em></p><p><em> </em><em></em></p>

scholarly journals Education Expenditure in Aceh Local Governments An Empirical Evidence from Aceh

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-343
Author(s):  
Aulia Afridzal ◽  
Syukriy Abdullah ◽  
Hasnawati Hasnawati ◽  
Dara Fazella
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
The Other ◽  
Budget Balance ◽  
Education Expenditure ◽  
Financial Independence ◽  
Revenue Growth ◽  
Local Revenue ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Using Data

This study aims to examine the effect of Local Financial Independence, Last Year Budget Balance, LGs Size, and Local Revenue Growth on Education Expenditure by using data from districts and cities in Aceh for 2011-2015. The results of the study show that the Local Financial Independence and the Previous Budget Fund have a negative effect on the Education Expenditure, while the other two variables have no effect.

scholarly journals Do voters dislike liberalizing reforms? New evidence using data on satisfaction with democracy

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niclas Berggren ◽  
Christian Bjørnskov
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Economic Freedom ◽  
The Other ◽  
Government Size ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Satisfaction With Democracy ◽  
The World ◽  
Using Data ◽  
New Evidence

AbstractSince the early 1980s a wave of liberalizing reforms has swept over the world. Using panel data from 30 European countries in the period 1993–2015, we test the hypothesis that such reforms have led to voter dissatisfaction with democracy, since, it is argued, they have been undertaken in a non-transparent way, often during crises, and they have entailed detrimental consequences. The reform measures are constructed as distinct changes in four policy/institutional areas: government size, the rule of law, market openness, and regulation. Our results indicate that while reforms of government size are not robustly related to satisfaction with democracy, reforms of the other three kinds are – and in a way that runs counter to anti-liberalization claims. Reforms that reduce economic freedom are generally related to satisfaction with democracy in a negative way, while reforms that increase economic freedom are associated positively with satisfaction with democracy.

scholarly journals Effects of a bank consolidation promotion policy: evaluating the 1927 Bank Law in Japan

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuji Okazaki ◽  
Michiru Sawada
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Financial System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Promotion Policy ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

This article investigates the impact of bank consolidations promoted by government policy, using data from pre-war Japan when the Ministry of Finance promoted bank consolidations through the Bank Law of 1927. We argue that policy-promoted consolidation had a positive effect on deposit growth, especially in the period when the financial system was unstable. On the other hand, it had a negative effect on profitability, particularly when there was no dominant bank among the participants or when more than two banks participated in the consolidation. Policy-promoted consolidation in such cases was likely to be accompanied by large organisational cost.

Migration and the Internet

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas John Cooke ◽  
Ian Shuttleworth
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Dynamics Models

It is widely presumed that information and communication technologies, or ICTs, enable migration in several ways; primarily by reducing the costs of migration. However, a reconsideration of the relationship between ICTs and migration suggests that ICTs may just as well hinder migration; primarily by reducing the costs of not moving.  Using data from the US Panel Study of Income Dynamics, models that control for sources of observed and unobserved heterogeneity indicate a strong negative effect of ICT use on inter-state migration within the United States. These results help to explain the long-term decline in internal migration within the United States.

Pengaruh Luka Iris Pada Tikus Dengan Paparan Hidrogen Peroxida 3% terhadap Epitelisasi dan Pembentukan Eksudat pada Permukaan Epitel Kulit.

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
HARMAN AGUSAPUTRA ◽  
MARIA SUGENG ◽  
AYLY SOEKAMTO ◽  
ATIK WULANDARI
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Delayed Wound Healing ◽  
Peroxide Group ◽  
Hemostatic Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Wound Healing Effect ◽  
Epithelial Growth

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p><strong>Background:</strong> Hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) as antiseptic has been used frequently to clean woundsin in hospitals and clinics. Hydrogen peroxide has the effectof strong oxidative that can kill pathogens. It can clean up debris and necrotic tissuesin wounds. Hydrogen peroxidealso has hemostatic effect that can help to stop bleeding. Besides antiseptic effects, hydrogen peroxide i s suspected of having negative effect in wound healing. Hydrogen peroxide presumably could cause delayed wound healing by exudate formation and delayed epithelial growth.</p><p><strong>Method</strong>: This study was conducted in the laboratory using 48 white mice that were divided into 2 groups. All the mice were purposely wounded. Afterwards in one group the wounds were clean up using hydrogen peroxide, while in the other group without hydrogen peroxide as control. The wounds of both groups were observed on day 1, day 3 and day 7. On day 1 and day 3, both groups did not show significant difference.</p><p><strong>R</strong><strong>esult</strong> : on day 7 showed that the wound healing in hydrogen peroxide group were delayed. Fifty percent of them had the formation of exudate and 62.5% of them showed delayed epithelial growth.</p><p><strong>Conclusion </strong>: This study could show hydrogen peroxide as wound antiseptic has delayed wound healing effect.</p><p><strong>Keyword</strong>: hydrogen peroxide, wound healing</p>

The Value of Information in the Hold-Up Problem

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Pfeiffer
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Information Structure ◽  
Value Of Information ◽  
The Other ◽  
Information Control ◽  
Ceteris Paribus ◽  
Head Office ◽  
Specific Investments ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Central Management

Abstract In the literature, the information structure of the hold-up problem is typically assumed to be exogenous. In this paper, we introduce an additional stage at which the head office may grant individual divisions access to an information system before they undertake their specific investments. Although more information ceteris paribus enhances each divisions’ profits, more information can reduce divisions’ investments and destroy synergies for the other division that would have been generated by the investments. If this negative effect dominates, then information can be harmful for the entire company. Hence, information control can be a subtle force to deal with the hold-up problem to a certain extent. In this paper we analyze those conditions under which information is either harmful or beneficial for central management.

A Preliminary Test of the Impact of De-Globalization on MNC Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-428
Author(s):  
Hilla Peretz ◽  
Michael J. Morley
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Context ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Institutional Fit ◽  
Preliminary Examination ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Key Dimensions ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTWe offer a preliminary examination of whether national and organizational level contexts amplify or reduce the effects of de-globalization on the performance of MNCs. Theoretically, we borrow ideas from both event system theory and institutional fit to propose a model explicating key dimensions of the relationship between de-globalization, national and organizational context, and MNC performance. We then test our ideas using data assembled from 283 MNCs in 20 countries. We find that while de-globalization has a negative effect on MNC performance, national and organizational level contextual endowments do moderate this relationship. We discuss some implications of our findings and highlight attendant limitations.

Foreign Aid and its Role in Maintaining the Exploitation of the Agricultural Sector: Evidence from a Case Study in Africa

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Schuftan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
National Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sizable Proportion ◽  
Using Data ◽  
State Of Affairs

Today most foreign aid donors are genuinely committed to the idea that development in Third World countries should start with rural development. Therefore, a sizable proportion of their development funds are invested in rural projects. However, donors channel these funds through local governments (most often representing local bourgeois interests) that are not as committed to the principle of rural development. These governments are often also embarked in policies that are actually—directly or indirectly—expropriating the surpluses generated by agriculture and investing them in the other sectors of the economy. The peasants are therefore footing most of the bill of overall national development. This paper contends that, because of this state of affairs, foreign aid directed toward rural development is actually filling the investment gap left by an internal system of unequal returns to production in agriculture. In so doing, foreign aid is indirectly financing the development of the other sectors of the economy, even if this result is unintended. This perpetrates maldevelopment without redressing the basic exploitation process of peasants which lies at the core of underdevelopment. Evidence to support this hypothesis is presented using data from a primarily agricultural exporting country: the United Republic of Cameroon.

scholarly journals Psychological Factors Affecting Risk Perception of COVID-19: Evidence from Peru and China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6513
Author(s):  
Fredy S. Monge-Rodríguez ◽  
He Jiang ◽  
Liwei Zhang ◽  
Andy Alvarado-Yepez ◽  
Anahí Cardona-Rivero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Risk Communication ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Health Field

COVID-19 has spread around the world, causing a global pandemic, and to date is impacting in various ways in both developed and developing countries. We know that the spread of this virus is through people’s behavior despite the perceived risks. Risk perception plays an important role in decision-making to prevent infection. Using data from the online survey of participants in Peru and China (N = 1594), data were collected between 8 July 31 and August 2020. We found that levels of risk perception are relatively moderate, but higher in Peru compared to China. In both countries, anxiety, threat perception, self-confidence, and sex were found to be significant predictors of risk perception; however, trust in the information received by government and experts was significant only in Peru, whereas self-confidence had a significant negative effect only for China. Risk communication should be implemented through information programs aimed at reducing anxiety and improving self-confidence, taking into consideration gender differences. In addition, the information generated by the government should be based on empirical sources. Finally, the implications for effective risk communication and its impacts on the health field are discussed.

scholarly journals Does Corruption Lead to Lower Subnational Credit Ratings? Fiscal Dependence, Market Reputation, and the Cost of Debt

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Maciej Sychowiec ◽  
Monika Bauhr ◽  
Nicholas Charron
Keyword(s):  
Credit Ratings ◽  
National Level ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Cost Of Debt ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Sovereign Credit Ratings ◽  
Heterogeneous Effects ◽  
Federal Revenue ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Using Data

Abstract While studies show a consistent negative relationship between the level of corruption and range indicators of national-level economic performance, including sovereign credit ratings, we know less about the relationship between corruption and subnational credit ratings. This study suggests that federal transfers allow states with higher levels of corruption to retain good credit ratings, despite the negative economic implications of corruption more broadly, which also allows them to continue to borrow at low costs. Using data on corruption conviction in US states and credit ratings between 2001 and 2015, we show that corruption does not directly reduce credit ratings on average. We find, however, heterogeneous effects, in that there is a negative effect of corruption on credit ratings only in states that have a comparatively low level of fiscal dependence on federal transfers. This suggest that while less dependent states are punished by international assessors when seen as more corrupt, corruption does not affect the ratings of states with higher levels of fiscal dependence on federal revenue.

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