scholarly journals ВИВЧЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ХЛОРЕЛИ ЩОДО ЗМЕНШЕННЯ ЦИТОТОКСИЧНИХ ПРОЯВІВ У СМУГАСТОГО ДАНІО ЗА ВПЛИВУ ОРГАНОФОСФАТНИХ ПЕСТИЦИДІВ

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
O. I. Bodnar ◽  
S. V. Senko ◽  
I. O. Osypenko ◽  
I. Khatib ◽  
N. M. Kasyanchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Glutathione Transferase ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Transferase Activity ◽  
Combined Exposure ◽  
Corrective Effect ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Simple Growth

The ecological potential of microalgae for purification of aquatic and soil ecosystems and natural restoration of their homeostatic functional state is considered to be high due to the rapid growth and development of algae, their labile and dynamic metabolism and simple growth conditions. The aim of present work was to study the effectiveness of Chlorella as a potential bioremediator to reduce the toxic effects of pesticides, roundup and chlorpyrifos after their individual and complex influence on zebrafish Danio rerio. The effect of environmental concentrations of roundup (15 μg⋅L-1) and chlorpyrifos (0,1 μg⋅L-1) provoked partial depletion of the cell thiols pool when compared to the control, which appeared as a decrease in glutathione transferase activity (under combined exposure) and total glutathione concentration. A decrease in the level of total antioxidant capacity, which was consistent with an increase in the level of reactive oxygen species in the liver tissue was also shown. Meanwhile, the studied organophosphate pesticides didn’t cause severe signs of neurotoxicity, but activated acetylcholinesterase in line with no visual manifestations of locomotion reactions. Chlorpyrifos determined an increase in the concentration of methylglyoxal and the most noticeable sign of endocrine disruption from all studied groups in terms of vitellogenin concentration. Principal component analysis allowed to identify a separate localization of each of the studied groups and the interim position of animals after combined exposure when compared to the individual action. The introduction of Chlorella vulgaris in the exposure media in the amount of about 100 thousand cells / dm3 did not show a significant corrective effect on the toxicity of pesticides for non-target species Danio rerio, which doesn’t exclude the positive impact of algae on the functioning of the ecosystem in general and requires a more detailed analysis.

scholarly journals Regional Living Conditions and the Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, Control of Hypertension at the Individual Level in Russia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Alekseevich Maksimov ◽  
Yulia A. Balanova ◽  
Svetlana A. Shalnova ◽  
Galina A. Muromtseva ◽  
Anna V. Kapustina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control ◽  
Regions Of Russia

Abstract Background. The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of the living characteristics of large regions on the possible presence, awareness, management and control of hypertension at the individual level in the Russian population.Methods. Regional characteristics were obtained from the official website of the Federal State Statistics Service of Russia. Principal component analysis was used to reduce the dimensionality of data; it allowed defining 5 integral regional indices: Socio-Geographical, Demographic, Industrial, Mixed, Economic. Presence, awareness, management and control of hypertension were assessed according to the data of the cross-sectional stage of ESSE-RF study that was conducted in 2013-2014. The final sample included 19,791 patients from 12 regions of Russia. Generalized estimation equations were used to determine associations between regional indices and presence, awareness, management and control of hypertension at the individual level taking into consideration nested data structures (individuals in regions).Results. The Socio-Geographic Index demonstrated the positive impact on hypertension among male (OR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.05-1.32), undereducated individuals (OR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.02-1.27) and elderly people (OR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.02-1.32). Awareness of hypertension is positively associated with Demographic (OR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.02-1.25) and Industrial Indices (OR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.01-1.33). Worsening of social environment (Socio-Geographic Index) reduces adherence to management (OR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.64-0.90) and control of hypertension (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.69-0.90). Impact of regional living conditions on the prevalence of hypertension is not high, compared to the individual predictors, but for the awareness, treatment and control of hypertension, this influence is important.Conclusions: The study performed allowed assessing the influence of living characteristics of the population in the large regions of Russia on the prevalence of hypertension and on the awareness, management and control of this disease. The data obtained provide new knowledge not only in terms of epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases in Russia but also in general, that is, in the context of studying the influence of living conditions on the health of population.

Empirical Study On Attributes Leading To Satisfaction Among Bank Customer

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (7) ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
Ms.U.Sakthi Veeralakshmi ◽  
Dr.G. Venkatesan
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Quality Performance ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Private Banking ◽  
Service Gap

This research aims at measuring the service quality in public and private banking sector and identifying its relationship to customer satisfaction and behavioral intention. The study was conducted among 500 bank customers by using revised SERVQUAL instrument with 26 items. Behavioral intention of the customers was measured by using the behavioral intention battery. The researcher has used a seven point likert scaling to measure the expected and perceived service quality (performance) and the behavioral intention of the customer. The instrument was selected as the most reliable device to measure the difference-score conceptualization. It is used to evaluate service gap between expectation and perception of service quality. Modifications are made on the SERVQUAL instrument to make it specific to the Banking sector. Questions were added to the instrument like Seating space for waiting (Tangibility), Parking space in the Bank (Tangibility), Variety of products / schemes available (Tangibility), Banks sincere steps to handling Grievances of the customers (Responsiveness). The findings of the study revealed that the customer’s perception (performance) is lower than expectation of the service quality rendered by banks. Responsiveness and Assurance SQ dimensions were the most important dimensions in service quality scored less SQ gap. The study concluded that the individual service quality dimensions have a positive impact on Overall Satisfaction.

Entrepreneurship in regions: differentiated impacts of the socio cultural and gender types

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Mancilla ◽  
José Ernesto Amorós
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Fear Of Failure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reference Models ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Secondary City

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the differentiated impact of factors that influence the propensity to entrepreneur in a sample of people in Chile. A distinction is made between individuals that live in primary cities and secondary cities. The differentiating factors are socio‐cultural aspects (reference models – positive examples of entrepreneurs – and perception of social fear of failure) and the gender of the individual. Design/methodology/approach For the research data from the survey used in Chile by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor for the years 2010 and 2011 were used. A logit model was used to determine the differentiated impact of the analysed factors and interactions were done using the method proposed by Corneliâen and Sonderhof (2009). Findings These showed that the fact that an individual lives in a secondary city decreases his entrepreneurship probability. The positive impact that the reference models have is weaker in women. Contrary to what was expected, the negative impact of the fear of failure perception is weaker in women. Practical implications These results have the implications to suggest focused public policies and differentiations that consider the socio‐cultural, territorial (focused in cities) and gender aspects. Originality/value The research contributes by giving empirical evidence of the existence of the negative impact of living in a secondary city and of differentiated effects of socio‐cultural factors from the gender perspective.

scholarly journals Bioactive Phenolic Metabolites from Adriatic Brown Algae Dictyota dichotoma and Padina pavonica (Dictyotaceae)

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1187
Author(s):  
Ivana Generalić Mekinić ◽  
Vida Šimat ◽  
Viktorija Botić ◽  
Anita Crnjac ◽  
Marina Smoljo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Dictyota Dichotoma ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Sample Data ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
The Individual

In this study, the influences of temperature (20, 40 and 60 °C) and extraction solvents (water, ethanol) on the ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolics from the Adriatic macroalgae Dictyota dichotoma and Padina pavonica were studied. The extracts were analysed for major phenolic sub-groups (total phenolics, flavonoids and tannins) using spectrometric methods, while the individual phenolics were detected by HPLC. The antioxidant activities were evaluated using three methods: Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power (FRAP), scavenging of the stabile 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and Oxygen Radical Antioxidant Capacity (ORAC). The aim of the study was also to find the connection between the chemical composition of the extracts and their biological activity. Therefore, principal component analysis (PCA), which permits simple representation of different sample data and better visualisation of their correlations, was used. Higher extraction yields of the total phenolics, flavonoids and tannins were obtained using an alcoholic solvent, while a general conclusion about the applied temperature was not established. These extracts also showed good antioxidant activity, especially D. dichotoma extracts, with high reducing capacity (690–792 mM TE) and ORAC values (38.7–40.8 mM TE in 400-fold diluted extracts). The PCA pointed out the significant influence of flavonoids and tannins on the investigated properties. The results of this investigation could be interesting for future studies dealing with the application of these two algae in foods, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.

scholarly journals Qualitative Analysis of Traditional Italian Dishes: FTIR Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Durazzo ◽  
Johannes Kiefer ◽  
Massimo Lucarini ◽  
Emanuela Camilli ◽  
Stefania Marconi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Ftir Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Spectroscopic Characterization ◽  
Cooking Methods ◽  
Food Research ◽  
The Individual

Italian cuisine and its traditional recipes experience an ever-increasing popularity around the world. The “Integrated Approach” is the key to modern food research and the innovative challenge for analyzing and modeling agro-food systems in their totality. The present study aims at applying and evaluating Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for the analysis of complex food matrices and food preparations. Nine traditional Italian recipes, including First courses, One-dish meals, Side courses, and Desserts, were selected and experimentally prepared. Prior to their analysis via FTIR spectroscopy, the samples were homogenized and lyophilized. The IR spectroscopic characterization and the assignment of the main bands was carried out. Numerous peaks, which correspond to functional groups and modes of vibration of the individual components, were highlighted. The spectra are affected by both the preparation procedures, the cooking methods, and the cooking time. The qualitative analysis of the major functional groups can serve as a basis for a discrimination of the products and the investigation of fraud. For this purpose, the FTIR spectra were evaluated using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Our results show how the utilization of vibrational spectroscopy combined with a well-established chemometric data analysis method represents a potentially powerful tool in research linked to the food sector and beyond. This study is a first step towards the development of new indicators of food quality.

scholarly journals Factors Determining Income among Real Estate Salespersons: The Impacts of Individual Conditions, Franchises, and Regular Chains

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Chun-Chang Lee ◽  
Cheng-Huang Tung ◽  
Yu-Heng Lee ◽  
Shu-Man You
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Given ◽  
Regular Chains

<p>This study explores the factors that affect the incomes of real estate salespersons by applying hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) to investigate the incomes of real estate salespersons in Kaohsiung. A total of 510 questionnaires were distributed to large chain housing agencies, of which a total of 319 effective samples were retrieved from 54 branch stores, for an effective return rate of 62.55%. The empirical results showed that individual incomes vary significantly from store to store. About 4.8% of the variation in individual incomes was due to differences among different branch stores. The individual income of a real estate salesperson is also significantly affected by individual-level factors such as age, working hours, and working experience. The marginal impact of education level, age, working hours, and working experience on real estate salesperson income is moderated by the type of store at which the given salesperson works. In addition, a branch store’s location has a direct, significant, and positive impact on a real estate salesperson’s income.</p>

scholarly journals Comparison and Identification for Rhizomes and Leaves of Paris yunnanensis Based on Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy Combined with Chemometrics

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Fei Pei ◽  
Qing-Zhi Zhang ◽  
Zhi-Tian Zuo ◽  
Yuan-Zhong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Model Classification ◽  
Paris Polyphylla ◽  
Mir Spectra ◽  
The Individual

Paris polyphylla, as a traditional herb with long history, has been widely used to treat diseases in multiple nationalities of China. Nevertheless, the quality of P. yunnanensis fluctuates among from different geographical origins, so that a fast and accurate classification method was necessary for establishment. In our study, the geographical origin identification of 462 P. yunnanensis rhizome and leaf samples from Kunming, Yuxi, Chuxiong, Dali, Lijiang, and Honghe were analyzed by Fourier transform mid infrared (FT-MIR) spectra, combined with partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), random forest (RF), and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) methods. The obvious cluster tendency of rhizomes and leaves FT-MIR spectra was displayed by principal component analysis (PCA). The distribution of the variable importance for the projection (VIP) was more uniform than the important variables obtained by RF, while PLS-DA models obtained higher classification abilities. Hence, a PLS-DA model was more suitably used to classify the different geographical origins of P. yunnanensis than the RF model. Additionally, the clustering results of different geographical origins obtained by HCA dendrograms also proved the chemical information difference between rhizomes and leaves. The identification performances of PLS-DA and the RF models of leaves FT-MIR matrixes were better than those of rhizomes datasets. In addition, the model classification abilities of combination datasets were higher than the individual matrixes of rhizomes and leaves spectra. Our study provides a reference to the rational utilization of resources, as well as a fast and accurate identification research for P. yunnanensis samples.

scholarly journals Feed efficiency of lactating Holstein cows is less reproducible when changing dietary starch and fibre concentrations than within diet over subsequent lactation stages

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amélie Fischer ◽  
Philippe Gasnier ◽  
Philippe Faverdin
Keyword(s):  
Principal Components ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Diet Change ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Starch Diet

ABSTRACTBackgroundImproving feed efficiency has become a common target for dairy farmers to meet the requirement of producing more milk with fewer resources. To improve feed efficiency, a prerequisite is to ensure that the cows identified as most or least efficient will remain as such, independently of diet composition. Therefore, the current research analysed the ability of lactating dairy cows to maintain their feed efficiency while changing the energy density of the diet by changing its concentration in starch and fibre. A total of 60 lactating Holstein cows, including 33 primiparous cows, were first fed a high starch diet (diet E+P+), then switched over to a low starch diet (diet E−P−). Near infra-red (NIR) spectroscopy was performed on each individual feed ingredient, diet and individual refusals to check for sorting behaviour. A principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to analyse if the variability in NIR spectra of the refusals was explained by the differences in feed efficiency.ResultsThe error of reproducibility of feed efficiency across diets was 2.95 MJ/d. This error was significantly larger than the errors of repeatability estimated within diet over two subsequent lactation stages, which were 2.01 MJ/d within diet E−P− and 2.40 MJ/d within diet E+P+. The coefficient of correlation of concordance (CCC) was 0.64 between feed efficiency estimated within diet E+P+ and feed efficiency estimated within diet E−P−. This CCC was smaller than the one observed for feed efficiency estimated within diet between two subsequent lactation stages (CCC = 0.72 within diet E+P+ and 0.85 within diet E−P−). The first two principal components of the PCA explained 90% of the total variability of the NIR spectra of the individual refusals. Feed efficiency was poorly correlated to those principal components, which suggests that feed sorting behaviour did not explain differences in feed efficiency.ConclusionsFeed efficiency was significantly less reproducible across diets than repeatable within the same diet over subsequent lactation stages, but cow’s ranking for feed efficiency was not significantly affected by diet change. The differences in sorting behaviour between cows were not associated to feed efficiency differences in this trial neither with the E+P+ diet nor with the E−P− diet. Those results have to be confirmed with cows fed with more extreme diets (for example roughage only) to ensure that the least and most efficient cows will not change.

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