scholarly journals Risks and Ethical-Legal Models of Using Artificial Intelligence Systems

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Dmitrii V. Bakhteev
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Weapon Systems ◽  
Intelligence Studies ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Technology ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Systems

The matter under research of the legal patterns of interaction between the society and individuals and artificial intelligence technologies. Elements of the matter under research is the technological grounds for functioning of artificial intelligence systems, potential risks and negative consequences of using this technology based on the example of intellectual processing personal data and autonomous vehicles and weapon systems, ethical and legal approaches to its regulation. Bakhteev analyzes approaches to describing positions of artificial intelligence systems and whether these systems have personalities and thus certain rights. The research is based on the method of modelling that is used to describe stages of ethical-legal research of artificial intelligence technology. The author also describes different kinds of responses of the society to the development of the aforesaid technology. The main conclusions of the research is the description of stages of artificial intelligence studies, in particular, analysis of the technology itself, associated risks and responses of the society and creation of ethical and then legal grounds for regulation of this technology. The author gives the results of the analysis of possible ethical-legal models of subjectivity of artificial intelligence systems from the point of view of the need and possibility to grant them certain rights. These models include instrumental, tolerant, xenophobic and empathetic. The author also states the main provisions of the code of ethics for developer and user of artificial intelligence systems. 

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Technology: Global Experience of Its Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ildar Begishev
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Legal Institutions ◽  
The World ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Technology ◽  
Access To Data ◽  
Ethical Basis ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Systems

Representatives of the industry of development and application of artificial intelligence technologies are increasingly aware of both the opportunities and risks associated with the use of AI. However, there is no consensus in society on the control and oversight processes that should be introduced to ensure safe deployment of AI systems. In general, it can be stated that as the number of systems with artificial intelligence that process citizens personal data increases, the issue of the ethics of their use for various purposes is increasingly coming up. Further progress is impossible without forming the ethical basis for the use of artificial intelligence systems and the principles of processing personal data. Public legal institutions are already actively involved in the ethical regulation of artificial intelligence. However, we should also remember that excessive restrictions on access to data can slow down the development of artificial intelligence technologies, which the tech giants constantly pay attention to. A well-thought-out legal framework in the field of artificial intelligence technologies and its application will allow maintaining a balance between regulating the volume and degree of anonymity of personal data without imposing numerous prohibitions. But such legislation, unfortunately, has not yet been created in any country of the world.

scholarly journals The Development of Artificial Intelligence and Risks for the Implementation of Genocide and Mass Killings

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-134
Author(s):  
Narek Poghosyan
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Mass Murder ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Autonomous Weapons ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Technology ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Mass Killings

This article illustrates the fact that the accelerating pace of technological development in recent years, in particular the use of artificial intelligence (AI) has raised serious concerns among experts that it, along with its advantages, can pose many dangers to mankind when machines think and make decisions for them. Particularly risky is that the development of AI and autonomous weapons can be used to target certain national, religious and racial groups, thereby increasing the risk of genocide and mass killings. In the present day, when the global arms race using AI is a reality, many technologists are turning their attention to banning lethal autonomous weapons. In addition, in order to prevent the potential negative consequences of AI development, industry professionals have suggested the need to develop an AI code of ethics. The creation of appropriate legislative mechanisms based on ethics and the protection of human rights has already become an urgent matter for mankind to prevent the possible risks posed by the development of robotics and artificial intelligence technology. Since artificial intelligence is used to detect and prevent various types of crime, it is therefore necessary to use the opportunities provided by it to prevent genocide and mass murder.

scholarly journals Design of AI-based gamification platform for effective educational service using child behavior prediction/change

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 286-292
Author(s):  
Hyeon Woo Nam
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Behavior Prediction ◽  
Interactive Communication ◽  
Service Platform ◽  
Learning Attitudes ◽  
Education Industry ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Technology

Due to the advancement of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, robots, autonomous vehicles, healthcare, virtual reality, augmented reality, etc. and the popularization of smartphones, it stimulates customer interest and leads voluntary participation in order to maximize interactive communication in all industries The gamification strategy incorporating games began to emerge. A representative field that generates results by easily introducing such a gamification strategy is the education industry that seeks to improve the educational effect by utilizing the elements of corporate marketing strategies and games such as challenge, competition, achievement, and reward. Recently, gamification research is being conducted to effectively apply AI and big data, the core technologies of the 4th industrial revolution in all industries. Gamification is actively forming markets in Europe and the US, and it can increase customer loyalty and productivity by applying various roles applied to games in other industries as well as serious games. The purpose of this study is to design and implement a gamification service platform based on artificial intelligence technology and operate the implemented system to expand the area where the gamification service applied to the existing marketing and consulting fields can be used. The designed gamification service platform can be applied to education services that increase learning efficiency by analyzing the predicted learning attitudes of trainees, and through successful research cases, it will be able to provide immersion effect to trainees and teaching method research to educators.

scholarly journals Smart Technology and Industry Trends in Fourth Industrial Revolution

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S6) ◽  
pp. 400-404
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Unmanned Vehicles ◽  
Core Technology ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Technology ◽  
Technical Factors ◽  
Smart Machine ◽  
Industry Trends ◽  
Technology Trends

In this paper, we have been studying the technology trends closely approaching us and the smart machine, which is a representative example of the forth industrial revolution. The key content in technology trends is artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence technology is being used as a core technology of the 4th industrial revolution. In autonomous vehicles, which are representative industries, artificial intelligence-based unmanned vehicles are emerging, and on the other side, and various voice recognition based products are emerging. In this paper, we have studied the latest technical factors of autonomous automobile and speech recognition based industry, which is a representative industry of the 4th industrial revolution

scholarly journals Legal AI from a Privacy Point of View: Data Protection and Transparency in Focus

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-202
Author(s):  
Cecilia Magnusson Sjöberg
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Public ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Access Rights ◽  
Digital Human

A major starting point is that transparency is a condition for privacy in the context of personal data processing, especially when based on artificial intelligence (AI) methods. A major keyword here is openness, which however is not equivalent to transparency. This is explained by the fact that an organization may very well be governed by principles of openness but still not provide transparency due to insufficient access rights and lacking implementation of those rights. Given these hypotheses, the chapter investigates and illuminates ways forward in recognition of algorithms, machine learning, and big data as critical success factors of personal data processing based on AI—that is, if privacy is to be preserved. In these circumstances, autonomy of technology calls for attention and needs to be challenged from a variety of perspectives. Not least, a legal approach to digital human sciences appears to be a resource to examine further. This applies, for instance, when data subjects in the public as well as in the private sphere are exposed to AI for better or for worse. Providing what may be referred to as a legal shield between user and application might be one remedy to shortcomings in this context.

scholarly journals Conditions for the use of simulators that implement the features of artificial intelligence systems when studying at a transport university

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 03012
Author(s):  
M.V. Karelina ◽  
S.P. Vakulenko
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Practical Skills ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Systems

The article presents the main conditions for the use of simulators, which are proposed to be used both for the simulators themselves, which implement the features of artificial intelligence systems, and for the organization of work with simulators in the educational process. Training of students with the use of simulators should form practical skills of the future specialty in accordance with the types of professional activity and qualification characteristics. The conditions for the use of simulators are proposed to include: the implementation of the activity approach; information security of software products; leveling of possible negative consequences for the health of the student, etc. Each of the presented conditions implies the need to ensure the formed parameters and the order of their evaluation. It is concluded that the above conditions for the use of simulators will allow for the development of new forms of professional training and appropriate scientific and methodological tools, and the need to actively introduce new high-tech simulators into the educational process of transport universities, including those that implement the capabilities of virtual/ augmented reality technologies.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence Integration: Feasibility Analysis, Research Issues, Applications, Challenges, and Future Work

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Zhonghua Zhang ◽  
Xifei Song ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
Jie Yin ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Point System ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Technology ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
Future Work

Blockchain constructs a distributed point-to-point system, which is a secure and verifiable mechanism for decentralized transaction validation and is widely used in financial economy, Internet of Things, large data, cloud computing, and edge computing. On the other hand, artificial intelligence technology is gradually promoting the intelligent development of various industries. As two promising technologies today, there is a natural advantage in the convergence between blockchain and artificial intelligence technologies. Blockchain makes artificial intelligence more autonomous and credible, and artificial intelligence can prompt blockchain toward intelligence. In this paper, we analyze the combination of blockchain and artificial intelligence from a more comprehensive and three-dimensional point of view. We first introduce the background of artificial intelligence and the concept, characteristics, and key technologies of blockchain and subsequently analyze the feasibility of combining blockchain with artificial intelligence. Next, we summarize the research work on the convergence of blockchain and artificial intelligence in home and overseas within this category. After that, we list some related application scenarios about the convergence of both technologies and also point out existing problems and challenges. Finally, we discuss the future work.

scholarly journals SOME QUESTIONS OF CRIMINAL LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE FIELD OF APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SYSTEMS AND ROBOTICS

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-388
Author(s):  
G.G. Kamalova
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Legal Responsibility ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Legal Personality ◽  
Strong Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Technology ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Systems

The article discusses the problems of improving criminal law in the context of the development of one of the types of breakthrough digital technologies - artificial intelligence. The author notes that the explosive development in this area has led to the growth of high-tech crime, a special place among which is occupied by crimes using tools of artificial intelligence technology. Since the subjects of criminal activity traditionally use advanced technologies, at present such crimes are already represented by fraud, computer information crimes, terrorism, violations in the field of road safety, violation of the right to privacy and a number of others. Although there are no special offenses related to artificial intelligence in the criminal law today, this does not mean that existing norms cannot be applied to traditional subjects. Given the current level of development of artificial intelligence technology, it is now necessary to strengthen criminal liability for the compositions provided for by the current Criminal Code of the Russian Federation by introducing an appropriate qualifying attribute. With the recognition of the legal personality of artificial intelligence systems and robots, one of the key issues of applying criminal law rules to them will be the question of the subjective side of the committed act. The lack of “strong” artificial intelligence and the current level of development of solutions and devices based on artificial technology allow us to limit ourselves to classifying the facts of their use as components of the objective side of the crime.

scholarly journals A “psychopathic” Artificial Intelligence: the possible risks of a deviating AI in Education

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Margot Zanetti ◽  
Giulia Iseppi ◽  
Francesco Peluso Cassese
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Technology In The Classroom ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Artificial Intelligence In Education ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Systems

Abstract This work analyses the use of artificial intelligence in education from an interdisciplinary point of view. New studies demonstrated that an AI can “deviate” and become potentially malicious, due to programmers’ biases, corrupted feeds or purposeful actions. Knowing the pervasive use of artificial intelligence systems, including in the educational environment, it seemed necessary to investigate when and how an AI in education could deviate. We started with an investigation of AI and the risks it poses, wondering if they could be applied also to educative AI. We then reviewed the increasing literature that deals with the use of technology in the classroom, and the criticism about it, referring to specific use cases. Finally, as a result, the authors formulate questions and suggestions for further research, to bridge conceptual gaps underlined by lack of research.

scholarly journals A Survey on Computer Ethics (w.r.t. Artificial Intelligence, Robot Weaponry, Fuzzy Systems, Autonomous Vehicles)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-210
Author(s):  
Naresh Kshetri
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Fuzzy Systems ◽  
Computer Ethics ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Weapon Systems ◽  
Human Control ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Geneva Conventions ◽  
Machine Work

Computer Ethics study has reached a point where Artificial Intelligence, Robot, Fuzzy Systems, Autonomous Vehicles and Autonomous Weapon Systems ethics are implemented in order to make a machine work without intervening and harming others. This survey presents many previous works in this field of computer ethics with respect to artificial intelligence, robot weaponry, fuzzy systems and autonomous vehicles. The paper discusses the different ethics and scenarios up through the current technological advancements and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the different ethics and needs of morality. It is observed that all ethics are equally important today, but human control and responsibility matters. Most recent technology can be implemented or improved by careful observation and involvement of organizations like the United Nations, International Committee for Robot Arms Control, Geneva Conventions and so on.

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