On determination of the part-of-speech affiliation of modal words

Litera ◽

10.25136/2409-8698.2021.11.36637 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 161-170

Author(s):

Milena Viktorovna Shcherbakova

Keyword(s):

Russian Language ◽

Morphological Aspect ◽

Parts Of Speech ◽

Semantic Categories ◽

Part Of Speech ◽

Syntactic Approach ◽

Forming Characteristics ◽

The Subject ◽

Modal Semantics

The subject of this research is the part-of-speech affiliation of modal words – a special group of lexemes that are irreplaceable, syncategorematic, and lack formal unity. The author examines four most widespread approaches towards determination of the part-of-speech status of modal words, modal semantics, in particular, and the function of modal meaning; provides summary of the existing in Russian linguistics classifications of modal words, and lists their basic lexical-semantic categories. In the course of studying the genesis of modal words, the author correlates them with other parts of speech. For determination of the part-of-speech status, emphasis is placed on the degree of manifestation within this group of lexemes of semantic, morphological, syntactic and word-forming characteristics, namely the compliance of modal words with the listed criteria. The novelty consists in the analysis of the part-of-speech affiliation of modal words through the prism of the traditional semantic-syntactic approach, considering the formal-morphological aspect of modal words, which allows accumulating the avaliable knowledge on modal words, as well as compiling holistic representation on the nature of their origin and functionality. The research materials can be used in teaching morphology of the modern Russian language, as well as in preparation of lectures and textbooks on cognate disciplines. The conclusion is made that in synchrony, modal words represent an isolated group that is in-between of autosemantic and functional words. The recommendation to classify this group as a separate part of speech remains polemical; however, segregation of modal words in the grammatical system is unarguable.

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Lingo-Didactic Potential Derivation Syntagmatics in Russian Language

The Journal of Social Sciences Research ◽

10.32861/jssr.spi5.166.169 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 166-169

Keyword(s):

Word Formation ◽

Russian Language ◽

Parts Of Speech ◽

New Words ◽

Part Of Speech ◽

Categorical Models ◽

The Subject ◽

System Properties ◽

The Russian Language ◽

Formation System

The article deals with the specificity of syntagmatic relations in the word-formation system of the Russian language. The subject of the study is the typical derivational chains and their part-of-speech patterns as a methodologically relevant means of teaching the language. The aim of the work is to reveal and describe the linguodidactic potential of word-forming syntagmatics in the Russian language, reflected in simple and complex (typical) units of the word-formation system. It has been established that the typology of derivational chains reflects the hierarchy inherent in the units of the word-formation system. Typical chains are correlated with categorical models – the units of a higher level of abstraction, taking into account the partial status of derivatives. Different types of combinations on the basis of the similarity of structure and semantics are characteristic of these units. Their regularity and reproducibility in the Russian language demonstrates the degree of word-formative productivity of various parts of speech. The typical derivational chains allow the teacher to demonstrate the system properties of lexical units, which is important for the formation of linguistic competence. The comprehension of the laws of Russian word-formation makes it possible to reduce the number of words necessary to memorize and thus creates the prerequisites for the potential enrichment of vocabulary. The study of parts of speech within the framework of typical derivational chain, namely by the sequential introduction of cognate words into the active vocabulary of students, promotes the realization of the principle of continuity of learning – from word formation to morphology and syntax, which ultimately leads to the learning of new words.

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Indexation of the degrees of functional modalation and interjectivation of word forms such as “horror”/ “nightmare”

Филология научные исследования ◽

10.7256/2454-0749.2021.5.35621 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 27-35

Author(s):

Viktor Vasil'evich Shigurov ◽

Tat'yana Alekseevna Shigurova

Keyword(s):

Grammatical Structure ◽

Parts Of Speech ◽

Affective Evaluation ◽

Effective Evaluation ◽

Part Of Speech ◽

Quantitative Characteristics ◽

Word Forms ◽

The Subject

This article examines the result of functional transposition of language units from nouns into introductory-modal words with the meaning of affective evaluation of the conveyed and emotive interjections. The object of this analysis is the substantive word forms such as “horror” / “nightmare”, which functionin in the syncretic context of modalation and interjectivation. The subject of this analysis is the combinatorics and proportion of differential features of nouns, introductory-modal words and interjections within the structure of syncretic formations. The relevance of this work is substantiated by the need for studying syncretic zones in the grammatical structure of language; determination of the peculiarities of interaction between the grammatical and the lexical within the semantic-grammatical structure of formations place at the intersection of several transpositional processes in the sphere of the parts of speech and inter-part-of-speech categories of predicatives and introductory-modal units. The novelty of this research consists in the use of quantitative characteristics in assessing the degrees of functional modalation and interjectivation of desubstantive word forms such as “horror”/ "nightmare". The article describes the experience of calculating the indexes of their transposition into position of isolated introductory-modal components of expression with the meaning of effective evaluation of situation. It is determined that syncretic formations “horror” / “nightmare” detect in syncretic contexts of modalation and interjectivation 5% correspondence of their differential features to the features of reference nouns, 64% correspondence to the features of nuclear introductory-modal words such as “of course”, and 56% correspondence to the features of nuclear emotive interjections such as “all is ruined!”.

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A BRIEF ANALYSIS OF TIME-PREPOSITIONS IN THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE

Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K D Ushynsky Linguistic Sciences ◽

10.24195/2616-5317-2019-28-17 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (28) ◽

pp. 187-195

Author(s):

Yabing Zhang

Keyword(s):

Foreign Language ◽

Foreign Students ◽

Russian Language ◽

Parts Of Speech ◽

Organic Structure ◽

Part Of Speech ◽

True Meaning ◽

Oral Speech ◽

The Russian Language

This article is devoted to the problem of using Russian time-prepositions by foreigners, especially by the Chinese. An analysis of modern literature allows the author to identify the main areas of the work aimed at foreign students’ development of the skills and abilities to correctly build the prepositional combinations and continuously improve the communication skills by means of the Russian language. In this paper, the time-prepositions in the Russian language have been analyzed in detail; some examples of polysemantic use of prepositions, their semantic and stylistic shades alongside with possible errors made by foreign students are presented. The results of the study are to help in developing a system of teaching Russian time-prepositions to a foreign language audience, taking into account their native language, on the basis of the systemic and functional, communicative and activity-centred basis. The role of Russian time-prepositions in constructing word combinations has been identified; the need for foreign students’ close attention to this secondary part of speech has been specified. It has been stated that prepositions are the most dynamic and open type of secondary language units within the quantitative and qualitative composition of which regular changes take place. The research substantiates the need that students should be aware of the function of time-preposition in speech; they are to get acquainted with the main time-prepositions and their meanings, to distinguish prepositions and other homonymous parts of speech as well as to learn stylistic shades of time-prepositions. Some recommendations related to the means of mastering time-prepositions have been given: to target speakers to assimilate modern literary norms and, therefore, to teach them how to choose and use them correctly by means of linguistic keys that are intended to fill the word with true meaning, to give it an organic structure, an inherent form and an easy combinability in the texts and oral speech.

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DEFINITION OF GRAMMATICAL STATUS PARTICIPATIONS IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE

10.31453/kdu.ru.978-5-7913-1190-0-2021-186-192 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Natalya Vasilievna Artamonova ◽

Keyword(s):

Russian Language ◽

Hybrid Features ◽

Parts Of Speech ◽

Part Of Speech ◽

Special Place ◽

The Status ◽

Points Of View ◽

Definition Of ◽

The Russian Language ◽

Problematic Aspect

Communion as part of speech occupies a special place in the structure of the Russian language, since it represents a problematic aspect of grammar. Already when determining the grammatical status of participle, the first difficulties appear, which is associated with hybrid features of participle, since it combines the features of two independent parts of speech - the adjective and the verb. The works of linguists describe different approaches to determining the status of communion. At present, it is possible to state the existence in Russian grammar of several points of view on the definition of the nature of communion.

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The origins of theoretical comprehension of adjective as a part of speech

Litera ◽

10.25136/2409-8698.2020.12.34393 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 203-209

Author(s):

Zera Asanova

Keyword(s):

Parts Of Speech ◽

The Past ◽

Part Of Speech ◽

Theoretical Approaches ◽

Linguistic Research ◽

Self Sufficiency ◽

The Subject ◽

Level Of Understanding ◽

Crimean Tatar ◽

Descriptive Method

The subject of this article is the examination theoretical approaches towards studying adjective as a part of speech, since the description of this lexical and grammatical group in the Crimean Tatar linguistics is incomplete. The aim goal consists in tracing the origins of theoretical comprehension of adjective as an independent part of speech. This linguistic research is based on the descriptive method. Methodological framework is comprised of the fundamental writing of prominent scholars: O. Jespersen, A. Potebnja, V. V. Vinogradov, A. M. Shcherbak, D. N. Shmelyov, and others. As a result, it was determined that the the word is attributed to a particular part of speech is in accordance with the scripted rules introduced by the linguists in the past. Languages and methods of their research have undergone significant changes. Accentuation of adjective among the parts of speech was related to the logical separation of the characteristic of thing from itself, on the level of understanding self-sufficiency of the characteristic as an empirical phenomenon, and the existence of special adjective words as names of quality. The acquired results and materials can be applied in basic and specialized educational courses on theoretical and practical grammar of the modern Crimean Tatar language in the section of “Morphology”.

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Calculation of Stages of Finite Verbs Modulation in the Russian Language

Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Serija 2 Jazykoznanije ◽

10.15688/jvolsu2.2020.2.2 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 20-30

Author(s):

Victor Shigurov

Keyword(s):

Russian Language ◽

Parts Of Speech ◽

Internal Resources ◽

Part Of Speech ◽

System Use ◽

Word Forms ◽

General Scientific ◽

General Linguistic ◽

Linguistic Evolution ◽

The Russian Language

The problem of stepwise transposition of verbs into the category of parenthetical-modal units is considered in the paper. The research relevance is stipulated by insufficient knowledge of stepwise mechanisms of words and word forms transposition into other parts of speech and categories. The main purpose of the research is to calculate the stages and the limit of modulation for different groups of verbal units. General scientific, general linguistic and special methods (comparison, generalization; descriptive method, opposition, distribution and transformation analysis; linguistic experiment) were used as tools. The study of verb modulation stages has enables revealing the dynamics of corresponding fragments of the language system; use in the process of linguistic evolution of different ways of enhancing part of speech models, primarily due to their own, internal resources – "splitting" words and formation of new language units on the basis of a complex or individual word forms by means of interjectivation, partitioning, conjunctionalization, modulation, etc. It is established that the verbs belonging to different lexical groups are exposed to unequal modulation degree; finite verbs go through two to five stages of transposition until they are included into the category of parenthetical-modal units. The facts of a purely functional modulation of word forms occurring within the source verb lexemes, as well as their functional-and-semantic transposition into modal utterance components associated with the formation of lexical-and-grammatical homonyms are revealed. The results of the work can be used to create a transpositional grammar of the Russian language.

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Development of Prepositional-Nominal Combination of a Noun in Modern Russian: Analytics in Grammatical System of Russian Language

Nauchnyy dialog ◽

10.24224/2227-1295-2020-4-113-129 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 113-129

Author(s):

A. V. Pryanikov

Keyword(s):

The characteristic of freedom in the quotes and aphorisms of the French-language and Russian-language aging politicians of the late XX century

Litera ◽

10.25136/2409-8698.2020.7.33348 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 94-106

Author(s):

Ekaterina Sergeevna Grishenkova

Keyword(s):

Senior Citizens ◽

Russian Language ◽

French Language ◽

Professional Experience ◽

Comparative Linguistics ◽

The Public ◽

Comparative Aspect ◽

The Subject ◽

Similarities And Differences

The goal of this work lies in determination of similarities and differences in characteristic of freedom in the quotes and aphorisms of French and Russian aging politicians of the late XX century. The subject of this research is the semantics of French and Russian quotes and aphorisms that reveal the nature of freedom in the compared languages. The topic of the characteristic of freedom in the speeches of aging politicians was selected as it did not receive due attention within comparative linguistics. Using the material of French and Russian quotes and aphorisms, the author determines the aspects for outlining the characteristic of freedom in form of thematic groups of these lexical unites in the compared languages. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that this work is first to reveal similarities and differences of the characteristics of freedom in the popular quotes and aphorisms of French-language and Russian-language aging politicians of the XX century. The conclusion is made on the presence of the following similarities: didactic manner in their appeal to the public, interest in blissful future of their countries, resemblance of their life and professional experience in the speech. Some difference were also detected. The uniqueness of composition of the compared characteristics of freedom is associated with the specificities of historical development of France and Russia of that time, which outlines the prospects of research on this topic. The acquired results may be valuable in giving a course of lectures on comparative lexicology of French and Russian languages, elaboration of methodology for analyzing speech of senior citizens in the comparative aspect.

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FORMS МЪНОГО AND МАЛО IN RUSSIAN CHRONICLES OF THE 13TH TO 15TH CENTURIES AND COLLOCATIONS WITH THEM: COMPARATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE-STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series History and Philology ◽

10.35634/2412-9534-2021-31-2-199-208 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 199-208

Author(s):

R.A. Vernyaeva

Keyword(s):

Statistical Analysis ◽

Research Methods ◽

Comprehensive Analysis ◽

Russian Language ◽

Parts Of Speech ◽

Old Russian ◽

The Core ◽

Verb Forms ◽

N Gram

The article is devoted to 1) the analysis of the chronicle contexts with the forms мъного and мало to determine parts of speech of these words in the Old Russian language, 2) the determination of the collocations and colligations with the forms мъного and мало in order to extract the patterns and N-grams which can be classified as the fixed lexical and grammatical chunks. This study presents the results regarding the specific forms of syntagmatics in determining parts of speech of these words. Having analyzed and compared the examples, we can infer that there was the evolution of non-finite forms into adverbs due to the activation of verb forms as the core of syntagma in the late manuscripts and the need to eliminate ambiguous connections of forms ending in -o if their semantics allows them to define both names and verb forms. It has been found that during the comprehensive analysis the modern research methods, especially the quantitative and statistical analysis, have an importance in extracting the collocations from the Old Russian texts. The article demonstrates statistically significant combinations - collocations obtained using the N-gram module.

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Travesty as a cycle-forming technique of B. Akunin's “Fandorin Series”

Litera ◽

10.25136/2409-8698.2021.8.33711 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 97-104

Author(s):

Artem Borisovich Borunov

Keyword(s):

Grammatical Gender ◽

Russian Language ◽

The Other ◽

True Self ◽

True Nature ◽

The Subject ◽

Linguistic Level ◽

Limited Scope

The subject of this research is a set of cycle-forming techniques used by Boris Akunin in creating “Fandorin Series” dedicated to the detective Erast Fandorin. One of such techniques is travesty, “gender transitioning” that manifests on the imagery and linguistic levels. A range of characters in the novels and stories about Fandorin disguise themselves as the representatives of the other gender; this is common to the serial criminals who have committed multiple offenses. On the linguistic level, travesty manifests in a way that some characters, having a good command of Russian language, deliberately confuse masculine and feminine genders in their speech or writing. At the same time, travesty is always accompanied by the typical detective motif: the criminal character is initially introduced to the text and conceals his true self, so the detective has foster efforts to track him down. The novelty of this study consists in determination of the two basic strategies of travesty used by B. Akunin in “Fandorin Series”, and as well as in following their realization in various novels and stories dedicated to Erast Fandorin. On both imagery and semantic levels, travesty is more characteristic to the “sealed” type of detective, when the suspect is among a limited scope of persons and gradually reveals his true nature. At the same time, the implementation of such strategy in some texts is consistent (the hero constantly changes his appearance / grammatical gender), while in other texts manifests sporadically.

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