scholarly journals Economic entity in the philosophical thought: retrospect and modernity

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Armina Genrikhovna Avakyan-Forer
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Irrational Behavior ◽  
Decision Making Processes

The subject of this article is the basic sociocultural determinants of behavior of an economic entity in different historical periods. The goal of this article is consists in identification and socio-philosophical analysis of the model of economic entity and their behavior. The achievement of set goal is promoted by outlining and solution of such tasks as the examination of fundamental scientific paradigms and approaches that explain the logic of behavior of the economic entity in the context of subject matter and problematic of social philosophy; substantiation and demonstration of the mechanism of determination that reveals systemic changes in the economic entity model in the classical and nonclassical socio-philosophical concepts. Currently, the complexity and nonlinearity, multidimensionality and ambiguity of interdependencies between various aspects of economic activity arouse interest not only in the sphere of private scientific research, but also draw heightened attention of the philosophers. Namely, one of the significant aspects of philosophical conceptualization of the problem of behavior of the economic entity consists in correlation between moral norms and reaching financial well-being in the decision-making processes on different levels. The article discusses the socio-philosophical theories, conceptual framework of evolution of the representations on the economic entity and their behavioral practices, as well as indicates their dependence on paradigms of a particular historical period. In the modern conditions of transformational economy, under the influence of globalization, transition towards the knowledge society, examination of the essence and role of economic entity are of crucial relevance. The philosophical approach towards solution of the articulated problem implies examination of the questions related to the rational, partially rational or irrational behavior of the economic entity, as well as detection of anonymity of economic activity within the system of social ties and relations.

Anti-Ideology of Entrepreneurship as an Attribute of Entrepreneurial Projects

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 830-839
Author(s):  
E. Ya. Litau
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Creative Destruction ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Methodological Principle ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Professional Literature ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
The Relationship

Aim. The presented study examines and develops theoretical and methodological foundations that make it possible to distinguish innovative entrepreneurship among other economic phenomena.Tasks. The author identifies the specific features of entrepreneurship and its qualitative differences from other types of economic activity aimed at obtaining benefits, specifies the relationship between creative destruction and economic development, determines the attributes of innovative entrepreneurship.Methods. This study uses systematic analysis of professional literature on entrepreneurship to highlight the main attributes of entrepreneurial activity. The methodology of dialectical contradiction in its original Hegelian interpretation plays an important role in elaborating and substantiating the definition of entrepreneurship. The author considers innovative activity as creation of new values, which, according to the logic of dialectical development, destroy the old ones, triggering the process of economic development.Results. An approach to understanding the phenomenon of entrepreneurship is proposed, making it possible to distinguish this type of activity as significantly different from other types of economic activity, which may be externally similar but have different content. During the development of this approach, the concept of “anti-ideology” of entrepreneurship is introduced, which reflects the essence of innovative activity as a process of creative destruction. The necessary and sufficient attributes of entrepreneurial innovation are identified, making it possible to reflect the meaning of this phenomenon and verify this complex defining structural element in the system of economic relations. The study substantiates that the level of anti-ideology and public benefit can be used as criteria for assessing the significance of an entrepreneurial idea. A progressive model of anti-idea realization (PMA) is proposed based on the methodological principle. It can be used to develop an efficient system for evaluating startups within the framework of venture capitalism.Conclusions. Specification of the relationship between creative destruction and economic development is crucial to understanding the importance of innovative entrepreneurship. Each historical period creates its own demand for a specific type of entrepreneurs. The principle of anti-ideology, which lies at the heart of the PMA model, is key in identifying competitive commercial ideas, making it possible to focus resources and attention on projects that can make a significant contribution to economic development.

RESEARCH OF FEATURES OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC TRADE OF REGIONAL ECONOMY SERVICES

2019 ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Andrii ZAVHORODNII
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
General Situation ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Reduction Peak ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Export Dynamics

Abstract Introduction. Nowadays the foreign economic activity of the regions serves as a factor contributing to improving the population well-being, improving its life quality, as well as territory socio-economic development and increasing its competitiveness. The purpose of the article is to analyze the foreign trade in services at the regional level and to identify its features. Results. The comparative analysis of the services export dynamics was conducted in the studied regions for the period from 1996 to 2018: the periods of growth, reduction, peak values were identified, the leader – Odessa region was determined. At the same time, it is emphasized that due to the decrease in the indicator in Odessa region and the growth in the Mykolaiv region, the gap between them narrowed significantly for the period from 2012. The dynamics of the services import volume in the economy of the studied regions has been analyzed. Determination of the leader – Odessa region was done, the trends of dynamics for the studied period are considered. The dynamics calculation of the foreign trade balance in services in the Mykolayiv region is given. The calculation of the chain gains index of the services foreign trade balance in the Mykolaiv region is given, which indicates a considerable amplitude of fluctuations and reduction from 2014 to 2016. Results. The foreign trade balance in services in the studied areas was calculated and analyzed: the Odessa region was the leader before 2010. After in accordance with the services export dynamics in Odessa and Mykolaiv regions, their convergence to the actual equalization in 2018 is observed. The positive value of the balance in all the regions for the whole study period is noteworthy. The analysis makes it possible to confirm the significant dependence of the foreign regions economic activity of the Black Sea region on the general situation in the country with divergent tendencies of indicators changes, which allows to define it as heterogeneous. Keywords: foreign economic activity of the region, export, import, dynamics, regional foreign economic relations, foreign economic relations of the region.

ELIXIR TO EXAMINATION STRESS AMONG STUDENT - STUDY SKILLS TRAINING AND SYSTEMATIC DESENSITIZATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Baijal
Keyword(s):  
Study Skills ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Systematic Desensitization ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Deficit Model ◽  
Examination Stress ◽  
And Performance

Examination stress is a ubiquitous phenomenon that has, in the present times, adversely affected the learning outcomes and performance of the students at all levels- primary, secondary or higher education. It’s increasing intensity specifically among students appearing for high stakes board examination evokes a response from the teaching fraternity at the earliest. The reason being that a prolonged experience of stress with respect to evaluative situations is bound to prove detrimental to the mental, physical and emotional well-being of the students. For the nation to develop and progress towards a knowledge society, it is imperative that the students are taught to cope with stressful stimuli and improve performance. Study-Skills Training is an intervention intended to improve their study and test- taking habits and skills. It is based on a cognitive-deficit model which is directed towards improving a variety of cognitive activities that affect the organization, processing and retrieval of information and thereby help in reducing the experience of examination stress. Systematic desensitization as a process can be used to unlearn anxiety reactions by replacing the anxiety response with a calm, relaxed state. Thus, a combination of study-skills training and systematic desensitization has been shown to be effective and superior in alleviating test anxiety

The impact of algorithmic decision-making processes on young people’s well-being (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Perez Vallejos ◽  
Liz Dowthwaite ◽  
Helen Creswich ◽  
Virginia Portillo ◽  
Ansgar Koene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Algorithms rule the online environments and are essential for performing data processing, filtering, personalisation and other tasks. Research has shown that children and young people make up a significant proportion of Internet users, however little attention has been given to their experiences of algorithmically-mediated online platforms, or the impact of them on their mental health and well-being. The algorithms that govern online platforms are often obfuscated by a lack of transparency in their online Terms and Conditions and user agreements. This lack of transparency speaks to the need for protecting the most vulnerable users from potential online harms. OBJECTIVE To capture young people's experiences when being online and perceived impact on their well-being. METHODS In this paper, we draw on qualitative and quantitative data from a total of 260 children and young people who took part in a ‘Youth Jury’ to bring their opinions to the forefront, elicit discussion of their experiences of using online platforms, and perceived psychosocial impact on users. RESULTS The results of the study revealed the young people’s positive as well as negative experiences of using online platforms. Benefits such as being convenient and providing entertainment and personalised search results were identified. However, the data also reveals participants’ concerns for their privacy, safety and trust when online, which can have a significant impact on their well-being. CONCLUSIONS We conclude by making recommendations that online platforms acknowledge and enact on their responsibility to protect the privacy of their young users, recognising the significant developmental milestones that this group experience during these early years, and the impact that technology may have on them. We argue that governments need to incorporate policies that require technologists and others to embed the safeguarding of users’ well-being within the core of the design of Internet products and services to improve the user experiences and psychological well-being of all, but especially those of children and young people. CLINICALTRIAL N/A

Calvin's legacy for contemporary Reformed natural law

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Herdt
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Moral Knowledge ◽  
Empirical Science ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
Fair Dealing ◽  
Modern Natural ◽  
Moral Quality ◽  
Careful Distinction

AbstractRecent scholarship has done much to uncover a continuous tradition of distinctively Reformed natural law reflection, according to which knowledge of the natural moral law, though not saving knowledge, is universally available to humanity in its fallen state and makes a stable secular order possible. A close look at Calvin's understanding of natural law, and in particular of conscience and natural human instincts, shows that Calvin himself did not expect the natural law to serve as a source of substantive action-guiding moral norms. First, Calvin held that conscience delivers information concerning the moral quality even of individual actions. But he also thought that we often blind ourselves to the deliverances of conscience. Second, he argued that our natural instincts predispose us to civic order and fair dealing insofar as these are necessary for the natural well-being or advantage of creatures such as ourselves. But he also carefully distinguished the good of advantage from the good of justice or virtue. The modern natural lawyers eroded Calvin's careful distinction between conscience as revealing our duty as duty, and instinct as guiding us towards natural advantage. They also turned away from Calvin's insistence on the moral incapacity of unredeemed humanity. The modern natural lawyers saw their task as one of developing an empirical science of human nature to guide legislation and shape international law, bracketing questions of whether this nature was fallen and in need of redemption. When Scottish Presbyterian Reformed thinkers, such as Gershom Carmichael and John Witherspoon, tried in diverse ways to restore eroded Reformed commitments to the science of human nature, about which they were otherwise so enthusiastic, they were not particularly successful. A science which could derive moral norms from an examination of human instincts, and a conscience which could deliver universal moral knowledge, proved too attractive to decline simply because of the transcendence of God or the fallenness of humankind. Those who wished to preserve an account of natural law which remained faithful to a fully robust set of Reformed theological commitments could do so only by refusing to regard the natural law as a positive source of moral knowledge.

Działanowo-zadaniowe nauczanie języków obcych w ujęciu neuropedagogicznym: Zaangażowanie uczących się a efektywność kształcenia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sławomira Kołsut
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Modern School ◽  
Constructivist Model

The action-task approach is a modern approach to language learning and teaching, offering more opportunities for active participation in the class and greater engagement in the learning process than traditional approaches, which include for example the communicative approach. The aim of this publication is to show the action-task approach from multiple perspectives: pedagogical, glottodidactic and neurobiological. In the pedagogical dimension, it refers to the issues of the new culture of learning and teaching and to the constructivist model of learning. In practice, this means that learners acquire knowledge and skills actively through their own actions. This method implies that classes are oriented towards shaping learners‘ independence and their gradual acquisition of autonomy. In the modern school, the learner acquires, apart from knowledge, which is no longer the priority of teaching, the competences needed for future work. In the modern knowledge society, these competences are becoming increasingly important, as they are more difficult to acquire than generally available knowledge. Therefore, during the modern learning process the student is provided with conditions for the development of social, methodological as well as personal competences, which play a very important role in achieving individual well-being. The action-task approach is not only a constructivist way of learning and teaching languages, but also a philosophy, referring to considerations of learning, teaching, perception of reality, communication and interaction with fellow learners, and formation of attitudes and values needed in human life.

scholarly journals Features and trends of offenses in economic activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-316
Author(s):  
Olena Parshyna ◽  
Yuriy Parshyn
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
The Government ◽  
Complex Monitoring ◽  
Economic Crimes

Offenses have a negative impact on the socio-economic development of the country and make a threat to the security of the national economy. Systematic analysis of the offenses in the sphere of economic activity with the quantitative as-sessment of their reimbursement and identification of the main trends during the research has been carried out. The offenses in the field of economic activity are the object of the research. The research subjects are scientific, methodological and applied aspects of the offenses analysis in relation to the main types of economic activity in the national economy. It has been noted that the criminal situation in our country is characterized by increasing in the economic crimes. Economic crimes are becoming systematic and have organized character. The high level of correlation between the unemployment situation and the negative crimes trends has been discovered. Economic crimes include economic, political, legal, socio-psychological and organizational reasons and conditions. The complex monitoring system in order to solve problem of the combating economic crimes has been proposed. The effectiveness of such system can be achieved in two main ways. The first way concerns the development of measures that is aimed at the economic crimes preventing. Thus, we have the reduction of the crimes number. The second way involves the development of measures for the disclosure of the committed offenses of economic nature and the achievement of full reimbursement for the incurred losses. However, an important component of the complex system should be the ability to monitor, forecast and identify these sectors of the economy in which the possible offenses in the strategic foresight should be expected. The continuous monitoring with forecasting enables to develop and implement the appropriate preventive measures. Studies of the economic activities with their efficiency in the formation of GDP of Ukraine have been conducted. Dynamics of the committed offenses on the types of economic activity has been analyzed. The quantitative assessment of the material losses reimbursement of these offenses has been provided. The main causes of the committed offenses in the economic sectors have been considered. The national measures for the prevent economic crimes are: strengthening of the role and increasing of the trust to the government and its institutions; paradigm shift of the decision-making mechanism in the field of credit and financial system; development of the special mechanisms for preventing of the destabilizing tendencies both at the level of regional development and at the level of national economy. The complex monitoring system allows to identify sectors of the national economy in the aspect of strategic forecasting. Monitoring enables to develop the preventative measures which are aimed at the improving of the environment, creating of the preconditions for the economic growth and improving of the well-being of population.

scholarly journals INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT OF INVESTMENT CLIMATE FORMATION IN UKRAINIAN BLACK SEA REGIONS

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1(63)) ◽  
pp. 145-154
Author(s):  
O.I. Laiko ◽  
Z.V. Chechovich ◽  
Zh.H. Naumenko
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Investment Project ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Project Approach ◽  
Specific Investment ◽  
Economic Entity

It is analyzed the essence and structure of economic category "investment climate" in view of modern visions of investors and according to the requirements of national and international legislation. A conceptual approach to the improving of favorable investment climate, on the example of Ukrainian Black Sea, through tax levers of regulation in a decentralized budgets areas is designed. It is proposed to introduce the norm of the exemption from profit tax of a financial result that is invested in the economic activity of a domestic entity for the implementation of an investment project, but onle when provided wage level of employees in this project is at least twice more than the amount of the average wage by such type of economic activity where the project is implemented or should be. The implementation of this proposal will require the amendment of Tax Code of Ukraine and as a result will be a powerful tool for stimulating of the development of investment activity in the community without the need for approval of the special legal status of individual territories. This approach corresponds to the principle of observance of the general economic conditions and rules of the conducting of economic activity on the conditions of equal competitive advantages and opportunities. Also, the method of this tax exemption will not only stimulate the growth of wage payments, which will increase social standards in the territories, but will allow to implement a project approach to the stimulating of investment activity, when the object of the benefits is a specific investment project and not an economic entity. The proposed in the article approach is characterized by economic efficiency and is determined to minimize the political and other risks that would occur when using traditional instruments � the introducing of special modes of business activity conduction.

scholarly journals Stimulation of Consumer Cooperation Development in Small Forms of Fruits and Vegetables Production

TEM Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 578-589
Author(s):  
Sergey Kalchenko ◽  
Iryna Kolokolchykova ◽  
Darya Legeza ◽  
Denys Yeremenko ◽  
Andrii Hutorov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Market Transition ◽  
Cooperative Model ◽  
Farming Families ◽  
Stimulation Of

The efficiency of small gardening is considered in this paper. The importance of peasant households for the Ukrainian village is justified. The necessity measures facilitating the efficiency of family agricultural production was proved. The international practices of the functioning of peasant households were analyzed. The recommendations such as the assessment of small agricultural development were proposed. The marketability level, its share in the revenue is the important criteria. The necessity of the peasant households unions on cooperatives was proved. The servicing cooperative model was proposed. Its mission is a provision of sale of production. Amendments in the efficiency of the economic activity, in budget of the farming families were determined. The recommendations proposed enables to improve the peasants' well-being level, to influence positively on the vegetables market. Transition of peasant households to the entrepreneurial basis develop of servicing cooperation in small agricultural is presented as well.

scholarly journals Hand-arm vibration management: an operational health and safety strategy framework

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
David John Edwards ◽  
Igor Martek ◽  
Obuks Ejohwomu ◽  
Clinton Aigbavboa ◽  
M. Reza Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Critical Realism ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Action Research Approach

PurposeHuman vibration exposure from hand-operated equipment emissions can lead to irreparable and debilitating hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS). While work-place health and well-being (H&WB) policies, strategies and procedures have been extensively researched and documented, little has been done to develop a specific strategic framework tailored to the management of hand-arm vibration (HAV). This study fills that gap.Design/methodology/approachA mixed philosophical approach of interpretivism and critical realism is adopted within a case study of a utilities contractor. Within this overarching epistemological design, action research approach is implemented via a three-stage investigation, namely, relevant company H&WB documents and procedures were examined, leading to the formulation of semi-structured interview questioning of the H&WB team. Their responses informed the next line of questions, delivered to middle-management responsible for overseeing H&S.FindingsThe findings are instructive in revealing that while substantial documentation management (augmented with protocols and checks) was in place, the system fell short of implementation within the workforce and thus failed to preserve worker H&WB. The investigation generated recommendations for shoring up H&WB deficiencies observed and developed a theoretical model to represent these. Though these recommendations were developed in response to a specific case, they form the core of a HAV operational H&WB strategy framework with applicability over a broader context.Originality/valueThis research provides unique insight into contemporary industry practices employed to manage HAV in the workplace and represents an invaluable opportunity to learn from prevailing practices and rectify deficiencies observed.

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