scholarly journals The Role of Ethnic Social Capital in the Operation of Entrepreneurs in Transcarpathia, Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-156
Author(s):  
Katalin Kovály
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Given ◽  
Foreign Enterprises

Owing to its geopolitical position, history of shifting borders, and multiethnic-multilingual population, Transcarpathia provides a convenient environment to study how ethnicity interplays with the economy. The present research aims to examine the role of formal and informal ethnic social capital in the life of Transcarpathian enterprises. The research is based on mainly semi-structured interviews conducted with foreign investors in Transcarpathia and with local Transcarpathian Hungarian entrepreneurs as well as with representatives of business organizations related to the given community. I also analyzed economic databases and statistical data. The results of the research imply that informal relationships are essential in the operation of enterprises, however, these relationships are not always organized on an ethnic basis. I argue that institutionalized relations have not played an important role in the case of foreign enterprises. However, among Transcarpathian Hungarian entrepreneurs, the role of formal ethnic relations has increased due to the financial support provided by Hungary.

scholarly journals Development and Role of the Subsistence Minimum in the Payrolls Legislation in Slovakia from year 1993

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 09011
Author(s):  
Zuzana Kubaščíková ◽  
Zuzana Juhaszová ◽  
Miloš Tumpach ◽  
Renáta Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Subsistence Level ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
National Regulation ◽  
Subsistence Minimum ◽  
History Of ◽  
Constructive Criticism ◽  
The Given

Research background: The subsistence minimum category is used in the Slovak Republic in determining several wage and tax categories. In this paper I analyze whether the set standard of living is sufficient with regard to the development of the average wage since 1993 to the present day. Subsequently, the quantities that are based on the subsistence level - non-taxable amounts of the taxpayers’ tax base are also analyzed. The results of the analysis show that the distance between the subsistence level and the level of non-taxable parts has gradually increased. The topic of payrolls and related wage variables is a complex and ever-changing topic. Not many authors in Slovakia pay attention to it, and due to constant changes in the given area, the findings of publications and papers is also limited. Purpose of the article: This paper deals with general theoretical, legal and historical starting points and links between non-taxable parts and the subsistence minimum. The paper presents a cross-section of the history of the application of non-taxable parts in the Slovak Republic. Methods: The method used in the paper is that of hypotheses determination and testing. Findings & Value added: This paper also analyzes the state of national regulation and development trends in the area. In addition to constructive criticism, the article also contains suggestions for improving the current situation.

scholarly journals Kontribusi Fenomenologi Post-Subjek pada Metodologi Filosofis dan Teologis

MELINTAS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-79
Author(s):  
Hadrianus Tedjoworo
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Mutual Exclusion ◽  
Philosophical Thinking ◽  
Philosophical Discourse ◽  
Saturated Phenomenon ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Given

Givenness is probably an odd term in methodology, but not in phenomenology. The long history of subjectivism in philosophy faces confrontations from Derrida's deconstruction. This history also results in a sort of mutual exclusion between philosophy and theology. The concept of the subject becomes a problem for both, but frequently it is safeguarded for the sake of a more universal 'objectivity'. The phenomenological tendency towards phenomenon, more than towards the experiencing subject and more than anything regarded as object, provokes some philosophical focus on the emancipation of the phenomena. Marion pushes phenomenology to its limits, to the extent that he is suspected of undermining the role of the subject in contemporary philosophical discourse. He reacts to Derrida's deconstruction, which was also criticised for not offering a way out of the labyrinth from the collapse of traditional thoughts. Marion is quite consistent with his phenomenology, namely in offering a way out for the subject to be a witness, and reminds that philosophy should be more appreciative of phenomena. The term saturated phenomenon represents his philosophical thinking that can be regarded as a methodological approach to respect, and not to dominate, reality. Being a witness is not the same as playing a critic on reality. This could be a useful stance for philosophers as well as theologians in the presence of the phenomena they cannot master, namely, the given phenomena.

scholarly journals ORGANIZATION EXPERIENCE OF SOCIAL AND PEDAGOGICAL CONSULTING AS A TECHNOLOGY FOR FORMING TOLERANCE AND ETHNOCULTURAL COMPETENCE OF PERSONALITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Sh. Demissenova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Consultation Process ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theoretical Overview ◽  
Practical Recommendations

The article considers the issues related to the role, features of social and pedagogical consulting in the field of ethnic relations and the requirements for the consultant himself. The history of counseling on the problems of interethnic relations, ethical and emic approaches to counseling are briefly described. The features of the consultation process in consulting on the problems of ethnic relations. The interrelation of positive ethnic identity and tolerance, ethnocultural competence of a person is revealed. The leading role of positive ethnic identity of the client's personality in overcoming ethnic problems has been determined. The role of the consultant is revealed. The requirements for a consultant, for his training and experience are analyzed. The factors that determine the effectiveness of consulting are considered. The actual problems of consulting on the problems of ethnic relations are analyzed. Practical recommendations for consultants based on a theoretical overview, are listed. The experience of social and pedagogical consultations initiated and organized by the Council of Mothers to the Assembly of the People of Kazakhstan Kostanay’s region has been summarized. The most typical requests for consulting are analyzed. The problems and prospects of implementation such a practice are described.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Study on Representations of Intellectual and Relational Capital Among a Group of Managers in an Italian Trade-Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Carlo Ripamonti ◽  
Laura Galuppo ◽  
Sara Petrilli ◽  
Angelo Benozzo
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Intangible Assets ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Relational Capital ◽  
Structured Interviews

The way in which managers perceive their organization's intellectual and social capital has an impact in shaping their choices and how they lead change. The aim of the study was to explore how the managers of a trade union framed the role of its intangible assets in a context of organizational change. A qualitative approach was used; 30 semi-structured interviews were conducted with the leaders of a trade union and then analyzed using the method of thematic analysis. Particular attention was paid to the metaphors the managers used to narrate change. The hypothesis underlying this approach is that metaphors are a meaningful resource in that they can convey how organization and its intangible assets are framed. In the results, three “root metaphors” are illustrated—the trade union seen either as a system of domination, an organism, or a culture—together with the consequences of each of these images for the perception and value attributed to the trade union's intangible assets. In conclusion, implications for changing management practices and for further research are discussed.

Arabic business relationship characteristics: a social capital perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussain Albin Shaikh ◽  
Sharon Purchase ◽  
Gregory Brush
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Business Relationship ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Team Members ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to understand the development of social capital in an Arab business environment, and provide an in-depth description of the nature and role of three key Arabic business relationship characteristics (ehsan,et-mooneandwasta), their impact on each other and key influencing factors.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative research design was used, in which face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted with innovation teams (22 team members) at six industrial small and medium-sized enterprises in Saudi Arabia. The interviews were recorded and transcribed, then analyzed (thematic coding) through NVivo.FindingsThe findings suggest thatwasta,ehsanandet-moonealign closely with the three social capital dimensions (structural, cognitive and relational); thus, developing these three relationship characteristics most likely results in developing social capital. The findings also expand the description of the three business relationship characteristics. Moreover,ehsan,et-mooneandwastaappear to influence each other, and are affected by other factors such as an individual’s age and position, and the duration of the relationship.Ehsanhas a positive influence on the development ofet-moone, while the existence ofet-mooneappears to be necessary for the establishment ofwasta-capital. A high level ofehsanmight influence the relationship betweenet-mooneandwasta-use and limit the negative usage ofwasta.Practical implicationsInternational managers can improve the level ofehsanin their organizational and business relationships through assigning incentives and playing the role of moral champion to encourageehsanbehavior. Managers aiming to increaseet-moonemay choose team members with a high level ofehsan, emphasizing the development of personal relationships, and providing opportunities for socialization both inside and outside the workplace. A high level ofehsanandet-moonewill assist managers to develop and usewasta.Originality/valueThis study makes a threefold contribution to the literature. First, it provides an expanded description of the three Arabic business relationship characteristics and how they align closely with the dimensions of social capital.Wastaaligns with the structural dimension andehsanaligns with the cognitive dimension, whileet-moonealigns closely with the relational dimension. Second, it suggests and shows how the three relationship characteristics might interact with each other.Ehsanappears to influenceet-moone, and also the relationship betweenet-mooneandwasta.Et-mooneappears to have a positive influence onwastause. Third, the findings also indicate that there might be other factors (e.g. age and position) that influence the interactions between the three business relationship characteristics.

Exploring the double-edged sword of familiness from a knowledge-based perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-96
Author(s):  
Omar Belkhodja ◽  
Abdelkader Daghfous
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Organizational Outcomes ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Based

PurposeFor family businesses, familiness constitutes a unique bundle of resources and capabilities resulting from family relationships and influences. The extant literature has shown that familiness impacts organizational outcomes such as performance and innovation. This paper investigates the role of familiness in relation to absorptive capacity (ACAP). It also explores the specificities of nonfamily members’ social capital when different knowledge management (KM) approaches are adopted.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory comparative case study design is adopted. Data from three family firms based in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) provide the empirical setting for this study. The data were collected using semi-structured interviews, available documents, observations and company websites.FindingsOur results reveal that the role of familiness in relation to ACAP varies according to the adopted KM approach. Familiness targets the potential ACAP when an explicit KM approach is adopted, the realized ACAP when a tacit KM approach is adopted, and both potential and realized ACAPs when a strategic KM approach is adopted. Our results also show that family firms invest in KM processes that support knowledge exploration and/or exploitation.Originality/valueThis paper provides further evidence for the role of familiness. It moves beyond the study of familiness from a resource-based view and adopts a knowledge-based perspective to develop a better understanding of the role of familiness in relation to ACAP. It also improves our understanding of nonfamily members’ social capital in family firms.

Ethnic and Class Stratification in Soviet Kazakhstan, 1917–39

1975 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lane
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Class Stratification ◽  
History Of ◽  
Analytical Category ◽  
The Impact

In the sociological literature, the study of inter-ethnic relations has been dominated either by the problem of the black-white conflict in the U.S.A. or by the controversy over whether social relations in colonial and excolonial countries are ‘pluralistic’. The history of the Soviet Union provides quite a different context in which various ethnic groups, each with peculiar traditions and languages and at various levels of social, political and economic development, have interacted one with another. Study of the Soviet Union enables one to compare the role of Marxist-Leninist ideology in an ethnically mixed community with the usual examples of the impact of religious and ‘imperialist’ belief systems, and it may help to clarify whether ‘ethnic group’ is a useful analytical category or whether ‘ethnic relations’ can be explained in terms of the more traditional classifications of class, status and power.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF A CULTURE OF INTER-ETHNIC RELATIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF MODERNIZATION OF PUBLIC CONSCIOUSNESS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE MODERN TURKESTAN REGION)

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
А.Т. Kashkinbayeva ◽  
◽  
S.S. Korganova ◽  
B.А. Gabdulina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Cultural Experience ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
The Republic

This article is devoted to the analysis of the factors contributing to the formation of the culture of interethnic relations in the conditions of modernization of public consciousness. To reveal the topic, the statistical data of Turkestan region on ethnic composition were used, the role and importance of the Assembly of people of Kazakhstan and ethno-cultural associations in strengthening interethnic harmony in the region were considered. At the end of the conclusions and suggestions. This article is devoted to the study of the role of ethno-cultural associations of Shymkent and Turkestan region in strengthening interethnic harmony. Ethno-cultural contacts and interethnic communications are shown, which are designed to explain the mechanism of development and functioning of modern ethnic processes, forms of translation and preservation of their ethno-cultural experience. The conclusion that the history and national traditions must be taken into account in the Ethnopolitics of the state is substantiated. Ethno-cultural associations and houses of Friendship should conduct coordinated work in the field of culture, language, traditions, implementing the national policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan

scholarly journals Collection of Statistical Data on Narcotic Situation in the World (on Publication of Review of the World Drug Report 2009–2010)

Narkokontrol ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 19-21
Author(s):  
А.V. Fedorov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

The article precedes publication of review of the World Drug Report 2009-2010 and deals with the history of creation of such reports, the contents thereof and the role of the UN Office on Drugs and Crimes in preparation of yearly World Drug Reports.

scholarly journals SOCIAL CAPITAL AS THE FACTOR OF THE STATE CONFIGURATION OF THE MARKET OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Ostroga ◽  
Olga Zhukovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Market System ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Economic Phenomenon ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Transactional Costs ◽  
State Configuration

In the article social capital as the factor of social and economic exchange optimization (transactional costs decrease), configuration of the market and system of economic interests of the Republic of Belarus in the context of the history of this social and economic phenomenon research, the place and role of state regula­tion in economic processes and modern understanding of the market in correla­tion with economic growth and national safety is considered. Also the influence of social capital on the market system of Belarus and mechanisms of this social and economic phenomenon usage with the view of market functioning perfection is analyzed under the conditions of national and global imperatives.

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