scholarly journals FAKTOR RISIKO STUNTING PADA BALITA (24—59 BULAN) DI SUMATERA

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zilda Oktarina ◽  
Trini Sudiarti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drinking Water Resources ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Anthropometric Assessment

This study was aimed to analyze risk factors of stunting in underfive children aged 24—59 months in Sumatera. A cross sectional study was conducted in 1 239 children at Aceh, North Sumatera, South Sumatera, and Lampung Provinces who have complete variable data of the National Basic Health Research 2010. The data were collected by questionnaires and anthropometric assessment. Chi square analysis and logistic regression were used to assess the association between risk factors and stunting in children. The result showed that prevalence of stunting among children were 44.1%. The significant risk factors of stunting among subjects (p&lt;0.05) were mother’s height (OR=1.36), fat intake (OR=1.30), family size (OR=1.38), and drinking water resources (OR=1.36). The dominant factor that associated with stunting in children was family size (OR=1.38). Researcher suggest that family can control total children with family planning program.<br /><br /><br />

scholarly journals Knowledge and Awareness Regarding Protocol After Needle Stick Injury among Medical Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 335-341
Author(s):  
Shreejha M V ◽  
Kavitha S ◽  
Vishnupriya V ◽  
Gayathri R
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Needle Stick Injury ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Needle stick injuries are more prominent among health care professionals, and it can be defined as a wound of percutaneous piercing by a needle point or other sharp instruments and objects. Needle stick injury (NSI) is a significant risk towards the transmission of pathogens and diseases. This present study was aimed to assess the knowledge, awareness and prevalence of NSI among medical students. This is a cross-sectional study conducted among the medical students (104 student). The questionnaire was distributed through an online survey google forms among medical students to assess their knowledge and awareness towards the NSI. SPSS software was used to analyze the collected data. The Pearson Chi-square test was done in association with the year of study of the respondents. The survey results showed that 60.7% of the students were aware of the disease caused by the NSI, 35.5% students were aware of the measures to be taken when NSI occurs, 63.6% of the students said single handed technique is safe for needle recapping. The chi-square analysis showed that there is no association between the year of study and awareness on the protocol to be followed after NSI. The study revealed that knowledge about NSI and the preventive measures among medical students was inadequate. Hence, it is utmost important to make the medical students aware of the protocol for NSI and to train them on that.

scholarly journals PREVALENSI DAN FAKTOR RISIKO INFEKSI Toxocara cati PADA KUCING PELIHARAAN DI KOTA BOGOR (Prevalence and Risk Factors of Toxocara cati Infection in Bogor Pet Cats)

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
Murniati Murniati ◽  
Etih Sudarnika ◽  
Yusuf Ridwan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Care Management ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Toxocara Cati ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pet Owner

The aims of this research were to estimate the prevalence and to determine the risk factors related to Toxocara cati (T. cati) infection in pet cats in Bogor. This study was cross sectional study using two types of data; laboratory examination results of feces samples and interview results of the cat owner using a structured questionnaires including characteristics of pet owner and pet care management. The data obtained from this study was analyzed using chi-square test. The results showed that 85 of 243 cats were positively infected by T. cati with 35% prevalence. The significant risk factor associated with the T. cati infection were: sex, sand provided, deworming and type of feed. Pet care management in Kota Bogor were well managed, however the prevalence of T. cati infection was still high. Therefore it can be a potential public health problem especially on cat owners.

scholarly journals Fulfilment of minimum acceptable diet (MAD), short birth length and family income level are associated with stunting in children aged 6-23 months in Central Jakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Madinar ◽  
◽  
Ervida Andina ◽  
Endang L. Achadi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Income Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Birth Length ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Introduction: Stunting is a condition characterised by retardation in the growth and development of children as a result of chronic inadequate nutritional intake and/or recurrent infectious diseases. This research aims to determine the factors related to stunting occurrence among children aged 6-23 months. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in 2019. The sample was 231 children selected by multistage random sampling technique from 13 Posyandu (integrated healthcare centres) in six administrative villages located across three sub-districts of the Central Jakarta region. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of stunting was 26.0% and minimum acceptable diet (MAD) was only met by 31.6% of the children studied. Chi-square analysis revealed that short birth length (OR=2.176; 95% CI: 1.155–4.098) and family income level (OR=0.388; 95% CI: 0.201–0.749) were significantly associated with stunting. Logistic regression showed that fulfilment of MAD, short birth length (OR=0.471; 95% CI: 0.244–0.909), and family income (OR=0.387; 95% CI: 0.197–0.759) were significant factors for stunting among children 6-23 months in Central Jakarta in 2019, with fulfilment of MAD as a dominant factor (OR=3.29; 95% CI: 1.171–9.241). Conclusion: More efforts need to be done to achieve the recommended MAD for all children aged between 6-23 months and to prevent short birth length. Large scale studies to explore the role of MAD in reducing stunting and qualitative studies to identify the constraints and promoting factors to better infant and young child feeding practices are imperative for programme improvement.

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko yang Berpengaruh terhadap Kejadian Berat Badan Lahir Rendah di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagung Adi Sresti Mahayana ◽  
Eva Chundrayetti ◽  
Yulistini Yulistini
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies ◽  
Major Predictor ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstrak  Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR) adalah bayi yang lahir dengan berat badan kurang dari 2500 g. BBLRmerupakan prediktor utama angka kesakitan dan kematian bayi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan faktorrisiko ibu, plasenta, janin dan lingkungan yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian BBLR. Penelitian ini bersifat analitikdengan desain cross-sectional dengan mengumpulkan data retrospektif rekam medis ibu yang melahirkan bayi BBLRdi RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang dari Januari sampai Desember 2012. Pada 72 sampel yang didapatkan, faktor risikojanin dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki (61,1%) dan status sosioekonomi rendah (52,8%) memiliki proporsi yang lebihbesar pada kejadian BBLR. Analisis bivariat chi-square menunjukkan faktor risiko anemia (p=0,001) dan kelainanplasenta (p=0,049) memiliki hubungan statistik yang signifikan terhadap kejadian BBLR prematur dan dismatur.Pengaruh terbesar secara statistik terdapat pada faktor risiko anemia (p=0,001) dan paritas (p=0,022) pada analisismultivariat regresi logistik. Anemia, kelainan plasenta dan paritas merupakan faktor risiko yang berpengaruh terhadapkejadian BBLR prematur dan dismatur di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang.Kata kunci: BBLR, prematur, dismatur, faktor risikoAbstract Low birthweight (LBW) is a birth weight under 2500 g. LBW is a major predictor of infant morbidity and mortality.The objective of this study was to determine maternal, placental, fetal and environmental risk factors that influencingLBW. This was a cross-sectional study by obtaining retrospective datas from medical records of mother who deliveredLBW babies at RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang from January until December 2012 period. Male fetal sex (61.1%) and lowsocioeconomic status (52.8%) were found in high rates on total 72 cases of LBW. Chi-square test showed anemia(p=0.001) and placental abnormalities (p=0.049) were statistically significant in LBW with premature and dysmature.Logistic regression test indicates anemia (p=0.001) and parity (p=0.022) are statistically influence LBW. Anemia,placental abnormalities and parity are significant risk factors resulting low birth weight babies with premature anddismature in RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang.Keywords:  LBW, premature, dysmature, risk factors

Characteristics and risk factors associated with stroke subtypes among adult patients admitted to stroke unit of JUMC

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekalu Getachew Gebreegziabher ◽  
Tesema Etefa Birhanu ◽  
Diriba Dereje Olana ◽  
Behailu Terefe Tesfaye
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Stroke Unit ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Stroke Subtypes

Background: Stroke is a great public health problem in Ethiopia. According to reports, in-hospital stroke mortality was estimated to be 14.7% in Ethiopia. Despite this, in this country researches done on factors associated with stroke sub-types were inadequate. Objective: To assess the Characteristics and risk factors associated with stroke sub-types among patients admitted to JUMC. Methods and materials: A retrospective cross sectional study was conducted from May 2017 to May 2018 in stroke unit of Jimma University Medical Center. A total of 106 medical charts of patients diagnosed with stroke were reviewed. Checklist comprising of relevant variables was used to collect data. SPSS version 21 was employed for data entry and analysis. Chi-square test was used to point-out association and difference among stroke sub-types. The data was presented using text, tables and figures. Result: From a total of 106 patients, 67(63.2%) were men. The mean ± SD of age was 52.67±12.46 years, and no significant association was found. Of all the patients, 59(55.6%) had ischemic strokes and 47(44.4%) had hemorrhagic strokes. The most common risk factor in the patients was alcohol use with a prevalence of 69.9%. Of all the risk factors, only sex, cigarettes smoking and dyslipidemia were significantly associated to sub-types of stroke. Conclusion: Ischemic stroke was the most common subtype of stroke. Sex of patient, cigarette smoking and dyslipidemia are significantly associated with the two stroke subtypes.

scholarly journals The characteristics and risk factors of human papillomavirus infection: an outpatient population-based study in Changsha, Hunan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingsi Gao ◽  
Yu-Ligh Liou ◽  
Yang Yu ◽  
Lingxiao Zou ◽  
Waixing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Test Kit

AbstractThis cross-sectional study investigated the characteristics of cervical HPV infection in Changsha area and explored the influence of Candida vaginitis on this infection. From 11 August 2017 to 11 September 2018, 12,628 outpatient participants ranged from 19 to 84 years old were enrolled and analyzed. HPV DNA was amplified and tested by HPV GenoArray Test Kit. The vaginal ecology was detected by microscopic and biochemistry examinations. The diagnosis of Candida vaginitis was based on microscopic examination (spores, and/or hypha) and biochemical testing (galactosidase) for vaginal discharge by experts. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS 9.4. Continuous and categorical variables were analyzed by t-tests and by Chi-square tests, respectively. HPV infection risk factors were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Of the total number of participants, 1753 were infected with HPV (13.88%). Females aged ≥ 40 to < 50 years constituted the largest population of HPV-infected females (31.26%). The top 5 HPV subtypes affecting this population of 1753 infected females were the following: HPV-52 (28.01%), HPV-58 (14.83%), CP8304 (11.47%), HPV-53 (10.84%), and HPV-39 (9.64%). Age (OR 1.01; 95% CI 1–1.01; P < 0.05) and alcohol consumption (OR 1.30; 95% CI 1.09–1.56; P < 0.01) were found to be risk factors for HPV infection. However, the presence of Candida in the vaginal flora was found to be a protective factor against HPV infection (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.48–0.8; P < 0.001). Comparing with our previous study of 2016, we conclude that the subtype distribution of HPV infection is relatively constant in Changsha. Our data suggest a negative correlation between vaginal Candida and HPV, however, more radical HPV management is required in this area for perimenopausal women and those who regularly consume alcohol.

scholarly journals Bacteriological Safety of Blood Collected for Transfusion at University of Gondar Hospital Blood Bank, Northwest Ethiopia

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailegebriel Wondimu ◽  
Zelalem Addis ◽  
Feleke Moges ◽  
Yitayal Shiferaw
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
Bacterial Isolation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background. Transfusion associated bacterial infection has remained more frequent with a sever risk of morbidity and mortality. This study assessed the bacteriological safety of blood collected for transfusion. Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted at University of Gondar hospital blood bank from December 2011 to June 2012. Bacterial isolation, identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done as per the standard procedure. Chi-square test and P value were used to assess associations between risk factors and the bacterial isolation rate. Results. Twenty-one (15.33%) blood units were found contaminated with bacteria, and 95.24% contamination was due to external sources. The commonly isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Coagulase negative Staphylococci, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, Streptococci species, Enterobacter species, and Citrobacter species. All of the bacteria isolated were 100% sensitive to Gentamicin, Chloramphenicol, Amoxicillin, and Doxycycline. Multiple antimicrobial resistances were observed in 66.7% of the isolates. Not using glove by phlebotomist, touching disinfected phlebotomy site and double puncture at the same hand or both hands of a donor were found to be risk factors for bacterial contamination. Conclusion. Bacterial contamination of blood to be transfused is a common problem in the hospital. So attention should be given to activities performed at the blood bank for safe transfusion practices.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Antibiogram of Bacteria Isolated from Milk of Goats with Subclinical Mastitis in Thika East Subcounty, Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Precious Mahlangu ◽  
Naomi Maina ◽  
John Kagira
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Staphylococcus Intermedius

A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence and risk factors of subclinical mastitis in dairy goats in Thika East Subcounty, Kenya. Further the bacterial pathogens and their antibiogram were investigated. Farm level data on risk factors were obtained from 41 farmers using questionnaires. Milk was obtained from 110 lactating dairy goats and tested for submastitis using California Mastitis Test (CMT). The prevalence of subclinical mastitis at goat level was estimated to be at 50.9% using CMT, out of which 86.5% yielded bacteria on culture. The significant risk factors associated with the occurrence of subclinical mastitis were cleaning schedule (p=0.022, OD=1.047) and parity of the goat (p=0048, OD=1.37). Higher prevalence of subclinical mastitis was observed for goats residing in houses cleaned at least once a fortnight. Does in the first parity were least affected. 169 bacterial isolates were obtained from culture, of which 52 isolates from major classes of isolated bacteria were tested for antibiotic sensitivity to six antibiotics. Fourteen different bacteria were isolated and identified from the milk samples. Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (20.7%), Serratia spp. (19.5%), Citrobacter spp. (16%), Klebsiella spp. (11%), Staphylococcus aureus (10.7%), Enterobacter spp. (6.5%), Escherichia coli (5.9%), Proteus spp. (3%), Corynebacterium spp. (1.8%), Morganella spp. (1.8%), Streptococcus spp. (1.2%), Providencia spp. (0.6%), Micrococcus spp. (0.6%), and Staphylococcus intermedius (0.6%) were isolated and identified from the samples. All the isolates were resistant to Penicillin G, while 98% of the isolates were sensitive to Streptomycin. In conclusion, the study showed that a large proportion of goats were affected by subclinical mastitis, with the main bacteria being Staphylococci spp. and coliforms, and that most of the tested antibiotics can be used in the treatment of mastitis. Farmers need to be trained on improved control of mastitis through adoption of good dairy husbandry and milking practices.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Brucellosis and Associated Risk Factors among Indigenous Breeds of Goats in Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaolu T. Olufemi ◽  
Danjuma B. Dantala ◽  
Paul A. Shinggu ◽  
Umesi A. Dike ◽  
Gbeminiyi R. Otolorin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Public ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
La Jolla

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Wukari, Taraba state, Nigeria, to determine the prevalence of Brucella antibodies and the risk factors associated with brucellosis in indigenous breeds of goats. A total of 386 goats were sampled from three political wards: Puje, Avyi, and Hospital: harvested sera samples were subjected to Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT). GraphPad Prism version 7.03 for Windows (GraphPad Software, La Jolla California, USA) was used to analyse the association between seroprevalence of brucellosis and age, sex, breed, location, and management system by using Chi square and Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. Brucellosis was detected in all three wards: Puje; 15%, Avyi; 6.6%, and Hospital; 7.6%. A prevalence rate of 2.8%, 8%, 18.7%, and 1% was recorded for <20-month, 22-35-month, 36-45-month, and ≥46-55-month age categories, respectively (P < 0.05). Only 9.5% was observed for male animals while 9.8% was observed for female animals with no statistical difference between the males and females. Breed-specific seroprevalence yielded 7.4%, 5.4% 12%, 12.8%, and 11.6%, for Cross, West Africa Dwarf, Red Sokoto, Kano Brown, and Sahel breeds of goat, respectively. There is an evidence of brucellosis (9.6%) in Wukari L.G.A, Taraba State, and age is a risk factor for the disease in the study area. There is a need to enlighten the public on the zoonotic potentials and economic impacts of brucellosis.

scholarly journals A study on prevalence of chronic kidney disease and its risk factors among adults in selected slums of Chennai

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 504
Author(s):  
K. Kokila ◽  
K. Chellavel Ganapathi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uncontrolled Hypertension ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Slum Population

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a silent epidemic. The true prevalence of CKD with in a population are very difficult to estimate, since early to moderate CKD were usually asymptomatic. ESRD in the consequence of CKD is one of the most expensive diseases to treat.Only way is to prevent it and Hence this was conducted to estimate the prevalence of CKD and its associated risk factors among adults in selected slums of Chennai.Methods: This is a cross sectional study done from May 2013 to June 2014 in selected slums of Chennai. The study population includes adult males and females. Multi stage sampling method used. Sample size covered was 400. A semi structured questionnaire used as tool. Based on the serum creatinine eGFR calculated using modified MDRD study equation and CKD prevalence was identified. The data was entered in MS excel and analyzed using SPSS version 21.Results: Total of 400 participants involved. Females were predominant in the study. Among them, 67 (16.8%) were diagnosed as CKD patients and Stage 1, 4.0% had stage 2, 3.6% had stage 3, 1.3% had stage 4 and 0.5% had stage 5 at the time of diagnosis.Conclusions: This study revealed prevalence of CKD among slum population was 16.8%. This study showed that old age, uncontrolled hypertension, uneducated, Diabetes with poor control, overuse of analgesics, H/o smoking, obesity, alcoholism, passive smoking, family H/o CKD and proteinuria were significant risk factor for CKD among study subjects. Slum population with risk factors should be regularly screened for CKD.

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