Further evidence of large-scale population decline and range contraction of the little owlAthene noctuain Central Europe

AbstractObserving natural vegetation dynamics over the entire Holocene is difficult in Central Europe, due to pervasive and increasing human disturbance since the Neolithic. One strategy to minimize this limitation is to select a study site in an area that is marginal for agricultural activity. Here, we present a new sediment record from Lake Svityaz in northwestern Ukraine. We have reconstructed regional and local vegetation and fire dynamics since the Late Glacial using pollen, spores, macrofossils and charcoal. Boreal forest composed of Pinus sylvestris and Betula with continental Larix decidua and Pinus cembra established in the region around 13,450 cal bp, replacing an open, steppic landscape. The first temperate tree to expand was Ulmus at 11,800 cal bp, followed by Quercus, Fraxinus excelsior, Tilia and Corylus ca. 1,000 years later. Fire activity was highest during the Early Holocene, when summer solar insolation reached its maximum. Carpinus betulus and Fagus sylvatica established at ca. 6,000 cal bp, coinciding with the first indicators of agricultural activity in the region and a transient climatic shift to cooler and moister conditions. Human impact on the vegetation remained initially very low, only increasing during the Bronze Age, at ca. 3,400 cal bp. Large-scale forest openings and the establishment of the present-day cultural landscape occurred only during the past 500 years. The persistence of highly diverse mixed forest under absent or low anthropogenic disturbance until the Early Middle Ages corroborates the role of human impact in the impoverishment of temperate forests elsewhere in Central Europe. The preservation or reestablishment of such diverse forests may mitigate future climate change impacts, specifically by lowering fire risk under warmer and drier conditions.

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Thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer via transareola single-site endoscopic approach: results of a case-match study with large-scale population

Surgical Endoscopy ◽

10.1007/s00464-021-08424-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Juyong Liang ◽

Ling Zhan ◽

Ming Xuan ◽

Qiwu Zhao ◽

Lingxie Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Large Scale ◽

Endoscopic Approach ◽

Single Site ◽

Scale Population

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Publisher Correction: A link between appendectomy and gastrointestinal cancers: a large-scale population-based cohort study in Korea

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-85952-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Youn Young Park ◽

Kil‑yong Lee ◽

Seong Taek Oh ◽

Sang Hyun Park ◽

Kyung Do Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Large Scale ◽

Population Based ◽

Gastrointestinal Cancers ◽

Scale Population

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

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Using Bus Ticketing Big Data to Investigate the Behaviors of the Population Flow of Chinese Suburban Residents in the Post-COVID-19 Phase

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18116066 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (11) ◽

pp. 6066

Author(s):

Yanbing Bai ◽

Lu Sun ◽

Haoyu Liu ◽

Chao Xie

Keyword(s):

Travel Behavior ◽

Large Scale ◽

Behavior Patterns ◽

Population Movements ◽

Economic Level ◽

Passenger Travel ◽

Scale Population ◽

Travel Behaviors ◽

Railway Passenger ◽

And Control

Large-scale population movements can turn local diseases into widespread epidemics. Grasping the characteristic of the population flow in the context of the COVID-19 is of great significance for providing information to epidemiology and formulating scientific and reasonable prevention and control policies. Especially in the post-COVID-19 phase, it is essential to maintain the achievement of the fight against the epidemic. Previous research focuses on flight and railway passenger travel behavior and patterns, but China also has numerous suburban residents with a not-high economic level; investigating their travel behaviors is significant for national stability. However, estimating the impacts of the COVID-19 for suburban residents’ travel behaviors remains challenging because of lacking apposite data. Here we submit bus ticketing data including approximately 26,000,000 records from April 2020–August 2020 for 2705 stations. Our results indicate that Suburban residents in Chinese Southern regions are more likely to travel by bus, and travel frequency is higher. Associated with the economic level, we find that residents in the economically developed region more likely to travel or carry out various social activities. Considering from the perspective of the traveling crowd, we find that men and young people are easier to travel by bus; however, they are exactly the main workforce. The indication of our findings is that suburban residents’ travel behavior is affected profoundly by economy and consistent with the inherent behavior patterns before the COVID-19 outbreak. We use typical regions as verification and it is indeed the case.

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Maternal adherence to micronutrient supplementation before and during pregnancy in Northwest China: a large-scale population-based cross-sectional survey

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028843 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. e028843 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Danmeng Liu ◽

Yue Cheng ◽

Shaonong Dang ◽

Duolao Wang ◽

Yaling Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Large Scale ◽

Northwest China ◽

Population Based ◽

Shaanxi Province ◽

Micronutrient Supplementation ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Start Time ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Scale Population

ObjectivesTo report the situation of maternal micronutrient supplementation before and during pregnancy in Northwest China and to examine the rates of and factors related to the adherence to micronutrient supplementation among pregnant women in this region, where dietary micronutrient intake is commonly insufficient.DesignA large-scale population-based cross-sectional survey.SettingTwenty counties and ten districts of Shaanxi Province.ParticipantsA sample of 30 027 women were selected using a stratified multistage random sampling method. A total of 28 678 women were chosen for the final analysis after excluding those who did not provide clear information about nutritional supplementation before and during pregnancy.Main outcome measuresMaternal adherence to micronutrient supplementation (high and low) were the outcomes. They were determined by the start time and duration of use according to Chinese guidelines (for folic acid (FA) supplements) and WHO recommendations (for iron, calcium and multiple-micronutrient (MMN) supplements).ResultsIn total, 83.9% of women took at least one kind of micronutrient supplement before or during pregnancy. FA (67.6%) and calcium (57.5%) were the primarily used micronutrient supplements; few participants used MMN (14.0%) or iron (5.4%). Adherence to supplementation of all micronutrients was low (7.4% for FA, 0.6% for iron, 11.7% for calcium and 2.7% for MMN). Higher educational levels, higher income levels, urban residence and better antenatal care (including pregnancy consultation and a higher frequency of antenatal visits) were associated with high adherence to micronutrient supplementation.ConclusionMaternal micronutrient supplementation before and during pregnancy in Northwest China was way below standards recommended by the Chinese guidelines or WHO. Targeted health education and future nutritional guidelines are suggested to improve this situation, especially in pregnant women with disadvantaged sociodemographic conditions.

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Evidence for a large-scale population structure among accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana: possible causes and consequences for the distribution of linkage disequilibrium

Molecular Ecology ◽

10.1111/j.1365-294x.2006.02865.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 1507-1517 ◽

Cited By ~ 90

Author(s):

MARIE-FRANCE OSTROWSKI ◽

JACQUES DAVID ◽

SYLVAIN SANTONI ◽

HEATHER MCKHANN ◽

XAVIER REBOUD ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Population Structure ◽

Linkage Disequilibrium ◽

Large Scale ◽

Scale Population

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DEMOGRAPHIC CRISIS IN UKRAINE: STATE, CONSEQUENCES AND PROSPECTS OF OVERCOMING IT

HERALD of Khmelnytskyi national university ◽

10.31891/2307-5740-2021-296-4-19 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 296 (4) ◽

pp. 114-120

Author(s):

IRYNA KRAVETS ◽

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Behavior ◽

Large Scale ◽

Social Protection ◽

Work Motivation ◽

Population Aging ◽

Population Decline ◽

Child Rearing ◽

Noncommunicable Diseases ◽

Endogenous Factors ◽

Natural Movement

The article analyzes the demographic situation in Ukraine, which has acquired signs of a demographic crisis. There has been an unprecedented decline in Ukraine’s population, which has lost a fifth in the years since independence. The current trends of population decline in the regional context have been studied. It is established that the prospects of depopulation are quite disappointing, given the low overall fertility rate, as well as the predominance of mortality over fertility. The natural movement of the population has been studied, the main causes of its high mortality, especially in working age, due to increased morbidity, in particular the high prevalence of risk factors for noncommunicable diseases, which form more than 80% of mortality in Ukraine, under the influence of endogenous, exogenous and quasi-endogenous factors. The causes of low birth rate, as well as modern features and orientations of reproductive behavior of the population are revealed. In Ukraine, there is a tendency of low life expectancy and population aging compared to some European countries. It is concluded that under such conditions large-scale depopulation will be inevitable. The peculiarities of modern migration processes, in particular labor migration, which can give impetus to alternative migration, have been clarified. The interaction of demographic processes and socio-economic development of the country is determined. Ways to overcome the demographic crisis are a set of demographic measures (organization and conduct of the census, which was not conducted for two decades, the formation of population registers, increasing financial assistance to mothers at birth in accordance with modern requirements, etc.) and socio-economic measures to strengthen reproductive behavior, flexible employment for childbirth and child rearing, improving the level and quality of life of citizens, increasing work motivation in Ukraine, social protection of citizens, etc.

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