Discrimination of residents during neurosurgical training in Mexico: Results of a survey prior to SARS-CoV-2

Background: Recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic represents an important negative impact on global training of neurosurgery residents. Even before the pandemic, discrimination is a challenge that neurosurgical residents have consistently faced. In the present study, we evaluated discriminatory conditions experienced by residents during their neurosurgical training in Mexico before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Methods: An electronic survey of 18 questions was sent among residents registered in the Mexican Society of Neurological Surgery (MSNS), between October 2019 and July 2020. Statistical analysis was made in IBM SPSS Statistics 25. The survey focused on demographic characteristics, discrimination, personal satisfaction, and expectations of residents. Results: A response rate of 50% (132 of 264 residents’ members of MSNS) was obtained and considered for analysis. Median age was 30.06 ± 2.48 years, 5.3% (n = 7) were female and 16.7% (n = 22) were foreigners undergoing neurosurgical training in Mexico. Approximately 27% of respondents suffered any form of discrimination, mainly by place of origin (9.1%), by gender (8.3%) or by physical appearance (6.1%). About 42.9% (n = 3) of female residents were discriminated by gender versus 6.4% (n = 8) of male residents (P = 0.001); while foreign residents mentioned having suffered 10 times more an event of discrimination by place of origin compared to native Mexican residents (36.4% vs. 3.6%, P < 0.001). Conclusion: This manuscript represents the first approximation to determine the impact of discrimination suffered by residents undergoing neurosurgical training in Mexico before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Download Full-text

The impact of Covid-19 on Belgian mental health care: A Delphi study among psychosocial health professionals, patients, and informal caretakers

Humanities and Social Sciences Communications ◽

10.1057/s41599-021-01008-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nele Van den Cruyce ◽

Elke Van Hoof ◽

Lode Godderis ◽

Sylvie Gerard ◽

Frédérique Van Leuven

Keyword(s):

Delphi Study ◽

Public Discourse ◽

Social Inequalities ◽

Response Rate ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Psychosocial Care ◽

Psychosocial Health ◽

Mental Strain ◽

The Impact ◽

Care System

AbstractThe Covid-19 pandemic is primarily viewed as a threat to physical health, and therefore, biomedical sciences have become an integral part of the public discourse guiding policy decisions. Nonetheless, the pandemic and the measures implemented have an impact on the population’s psychosocial health. The impact of Covid-19 on the psychosocial care system should be thoroughly investigated to mitigate this effect. In this context, the present study was conducted to establish a consensus about the impact of Covid-19 on psychosocial health and the care system in Belgium. Using the Belgian Superior Health Council’s expert database, a three-round Delphi consensus development process was organized with psychosocial experts (i.e., professionals, patients, and informal caregiver representatives). Overall, 113 of the 148 experts who participated in round 1 fully completed round 2 (76% response rate). Consensus (defined as >70% agreement and an interquartile interval (IQR) of no more than 2) was reached in round 2 for all but three statements. Fifty experts responded to round 3 by providing some final nuances, but none of them reaffirmed their positions or added new points to the discussion (44.25% response rate). The most robust agreement (>80%) was found for three statements: the pandemic has increased social inequalities in society, which increase the risk of long-term psychosocial problems; the fear of contamination creates a constant mental strain on the population, wearing people out; and there is a lack of strategic vision about psychosocial care and an underestimation of the importance of psychosocial health in society. Our findings show that experts believe the psychosocial impact of Covid-19 is underappreciated, which has a negative impact on psychosocial care in Belgium. Several unmet needs were identified, but so were helpful resources and barriers. The Delphi study’s overarching conclusion is that the pandemic does not affect society as a whole in the same way or with the same intensity. The experts, thereby, warn that the psychosocial inequalities in society are on the rise.

Download Full-text

Management of a transport company during the Covid-19 pandemic

Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology Organization and Management Series ◽

10.29119/1641-3466.2021.150.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (150) ◽

pp. 7-15

Author(s):

Paweł BEŁCH ◽

Keyword(s):

Deductive Reasoning ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Transport Services ◽

Difficult Time ◽

Questionnaire Research ◽

Crisis Conditions ◽

High Level ◽

The Impact ◽

Made In

Purpose: The end of the first quarter of 2020 is the beginning of a new, difficult time in the functioning of transport companies, as well as the entire Polish and world economy. The appearance of Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2) resulted in a number of market restrictions and a sharp decline in transport orders. Enterprises had to change the way they were managed and operated, had to adapt to a different economic reality in order to continue to prosper. The aim of the article is to define the essence of managing a transport company in the new market and economic conditions that appeared during the Covid-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach: The research procedure included review of polish and foreign literature, analysis of legal acts, questionnaire research, analysis of the content of internal documents of transport companies, method of analysis and synthesis, case study, methods of inductive and deductive reasoning. The article presents the results of scientific research on the impact of Covid-19 on the management and decisions made in a transport company. Findings: The high level of impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the management of a transport company has been demonstrated. The factor that most influenced the management and decisions of transport companies is the decline or fear of a decline in contracts for transport services. Transport companies are afraid of the further negative effects of the pandemic, and therefore do not want to take out investment loans in order to develop the company. The article discusses the activities of transport companies and the management of a transport company in crisis conditions. Research limitations/implications: The article presents a survey carried out in Polish transport companies from the Podkarpackie and Lubelskie voivodships. Therefore, the research results concern the area of south-eastern Poland. Practical implications: The results of the research may be helpful for managers of transport companies (management decisions made) in order to limit the negative impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on their business activities. Originality/value: The presented research and conclusions provide practical guidance to managers about what decisions and actions can improve the economic condition of their transport companies in the difficult period of the Covid-19 pandemic, based on the example of the analyzed transport companies.

Download Full-text

The negative impact of prior reprimand on radiation therapists’ and dosimetrists’ comfort in reporting errors: Results from a national survey of more than 500 respondents.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2012.30.34_suppl.204 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (34_suppl) ◽

pp. 204-204

Author(s):

Jessica A. Church ◽

Robert D. Adams ◽

Laura H. Hendrix ◽

Jordan A. Holmes ◽

Lawrence B. Marks ◽

...

Keyword(s):

National Survey ◽

Response Rate ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Deterrent Effect ◽

Error Reporting ◽

Workplace Culture ◽

Exact Test ◽

Staff Members ◽

Treatment Facilities ◽

The Impact

204 Background: The presence of a "just culture" is often noted to be critical in optimizing safety, since workers need to feel comfortable reporting errors. We performed a national survey of radiation therapists and medical dosimetrists to assess their comfort in reporting errors. We herein quantify the impact of workers’ perceptions of their workplace culture (based on prior experiences in reporting errors) on their comfort in reporting safety concerns. Methods: In 2011, a survey was mailed to 1,500 therapists and 528 dosimetrists assessing their comfort in reporting errors. The metric used to assess their perceptions of their workplace culture was if they had, or knew of staff who had been, reprimanded in the past for reporting errors. Comfort in reporting new errors among workers who have (vs. have not) experienced prior reprimand were compared using Fisher’s exact test. Results: Overall, 356 therapists from 47 states (24% response rate) and 190 dosimetrists from 35 States (36% response rate) responded to the survey. 16% of therapists and 5% of dosimetrists reported that they have been personally reprimanded for reporting an error. The proportion of workers comfortable reporting errors was lower among those with prior personal reprimand vs. those without such reprimand (47% vs. 90%, p<.0001). Similarly, 29% of therapists and 8% of dosimetrists reported that other staff members have been reprimanded for reporting, and these reprimands had a similar deterrent effect on reporting errors. On multivariate analysis, previous personal reprimand for reporting errors (OR 4.13, p=.001) and reprimand of other therapists/dosimetrists (OR 2.55, p=.03) were significantly associated with discomfort in error reporting. Conclusions: A sizable proportion of respondents in our study has been personally reprimanded or knows of staff in their facility reprimanded for reporting errors. Prior reprimand has a dramatic detrimental impact on workers’ comfort to report future concerns regarding safety. A potential opportunity for future improvement in radiation oncology treatment facilities is to encourage a culture that allows error reporting without fear of reprimand.

Download Full-text

On the Distinctive Features of the Modern Scientific Culture

Cultures of Science ◽

10.1177/209660831900200303 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 193-202

Author(s):

Zhicong Shang

Keyword(s):

Social Life ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Decisive Role ◽

Scientific Culture ◽

Distinctive Features ◽

Professional Activities ◽

Intuitive Thinking ◽

The Impact ◽

Made In

Remarkable strides have been made in science ever since the scientific revolution in the 17th century, and the scientific community continues to prosper today. In its professional activities and social life, this community has created a scientific culture that is increasingly prosperous and is having a significant impact on the development of human culture. The scientific culture has distinctive features that are different from those of the literary culture. For example, it emphasizes the decisive role of objective examination in the course of enquiry to reduce the impact of the subjectivity of researchers on the results. It also stresses the objectivity of knowledge and testing that objectivity through reproducibility. It favours experimental and mathematical approaches while underestimating the roles of imaginal and intuitive thinking, and advocates the values of utilitarianism. This paper concludes that the distinctive features of the scientific culture should be examined in the course of its current development to eliminate the negative impact of utilitarianism.

Download Full-text

The Application of Innovative Technology on Internal Border Control in Schengen Area

JPPUMA Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan dan Sosial Politik Universitas Medan Area ◽

10.31289/jppuma.v9i2.5095 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 174-184

Author(s):

Septyanto Galan Prakoso ◽

Eryan Dwiki Effendi ◽

Rizaldi Yazid Purnama Putra ◽

Rameez Ali Surya Negara ◽

Niki Wahyu Sayekti

Keyword(s):

Information System ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Innovative Technology ◽

Border Control ◽

Travel Information ◽

Library Research ◽

Border Controls ◽

The Impact ◽

The Eu ◽

Made In

This article or writing aims to discuss the application of technology and certain mechanism as the impact of a disruptive era on internal border control in the Schengen area. The problem is focused on the internal border system which got reintroduced as a countermeasure against the 2015 Migrant Crisis in Europe. The analysis conducted in this research will measure whether the application of technology gives a practical benefit in alleviating internal border controls or negative impact such as discrimination towards refugees and immigrants in the Schengen area. In order to approach this problem a theoretical reference is used from international relations’ perspective, as a part of the political science greater scope on the issue. The data is collected through library research and analyzed qualitatively. This study concludes that various improvements and improvisation were made in the implementation of border controls. There are several steps taken by the EU for border control checks by utilizing technology such as Visa Information System (VIS), Schengen Information System (SIS), European Travel Information and Authorization System (ETIAS), and FRONTEX. These technologies allow Schengen states to share visa data about individual who enters European Union from its various borders, enable seamless cooperation regarding border controls and law enforcement and visitor tracking between countries. This study conclude that the application of innovative technology on internal border control in Schengen Area is well applied and projectively very useful to tackle the security concerns and conflicting interests within the Schengen area and remove the needs of unnecessarily long physical internal border controls.

Download Full-text

Ecological assessment of noise impact of dry transformer substations on the environment

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202126502011 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 265 ◽

pp. 02011

Author(s):

Sarkis Barseghyan ◽

Arman Hayrapetyan ◽

Armen Kirakosyan

Keyword(s):

Cooling System ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Power Level ◽

Sound Power ◽

Living Space ◽

Sound Power Level ◽

Transformer Substation ◽

Noise Impact ◽

The Impact ◽

Made In

At present, special attention is paid to assessing the negative impact of power facilities on the environment, including the impact of noise generated by power equipment. Power transformers are one of the sources of noise for industrial areas and the surrounding area. The noise of transformers is caused both by the vibration of its active part and by the fans of the cooling system, which is amplified by resonance phenomena in its individual elements. The presented work provides an environmental assessment of the noise impact of transformer substations. The noise impact of a transformer substation is considered on the example of three dry transformers in the area immediately adjacent to the living space. A new corrected approach was developed and tested for calculating the sound power level for dry transformers with the MatLab software package. An assessment of the noise impact of the projected transformer substation to install three dry transformers was the voltage class of which is 400 kVA, and one has 1000 kVA for the territory immediately adjacent to the living area was made. In our researches, the regulated noise characteristic for transformers is the corrected sound power level, which is indicated in the technical characteristics of the transformer. Calculations on non-standard nominal rated powers were carried out.

Download Full-text

What impact has tendering had on trainees? Results of a national survey by British Association for Sexual Health and HIV Trainees’ Collaborative for audit, research and quality improvement projects

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/0956462417716573 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 38-43

Author(s):

Helen Wiggins ◽

Anna Hartley ◽

Emily Clarke ◽

Elizabeth Foley ◽

Rak Nandwani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Improvement ◽

Sexual Health ◽

Negative Impact ◽

British Association ◽

Electronic Survey ◽

Training Standards ◽

Management Experience ◽

Genitourinary Medicine ◽

The Impact ◽

Variable Impact

In April 2013, local authorities gained responsibility for commissioning sexual health services in England. With many services going out to tender and resultant change in services or service provider, there is anecdotal evidence that this has impacted on the education, training and morale of genitourinary medicine (GUM) trainees. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of tendering on GUM trainees. An electronic survey designed by the British Association for Sexual Health and HIV Trainees’ Collaborative for Audit, Research and Quality Improvement Projects (T-CARQ) was distributed to GUM trainees and newly appointed consultants. Eighty-two individuals responded (74% GUM trainees, 25% newly appointed consultants, 1% locum appointed for service). Sixty-three per cent (45/72) had experience of training within a service which was being tendered. Of these, 59% (24/41) felt their training was not considered during the tendering process and 20% (8/41) felt that it was. Forty-four per cent (18/41) felt adequately supported. Thirty per cent (12/40) reported active participation in the tendering process. On a scale of 0 (no impact) to 5 (major impact), the median score for impact of tendering on training was 2. The positive/negative impact of tendering on different training elements was rated: other than management experience the overall impact on all parameters was negative, namely morale, senior support and education. In conclusion, this survey describes the variable impact of service tendering on GUM training. Our recommendations for maintaining training standards despite tendering include actively involving trainees and education partners, inclusion of specialist GUM training in service specifications, development of guidance for commissioners and services for the management of GUM training within tendering.

Download Full-text

Pediatric Resident Perspectives on the Impact of COVID-19 on Training

Hospital Pediatrics ◽

10.1542/hpeds.2021-005994 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ariel S. Winn ◽

Ross Myers ◽

H. Mollie Grow ◽

Sarah Hilgenberg ◽

Rhett Lieberman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Response Rate ◽

Training Programs ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Pediatric Care ◽

Training Experience ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pediatric Residents ◽

Attitudes And Perceptions ◽

The Impact

OBJECTIVES At the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, disruptions to pediatric care and training were immediate and significant. We sought to understand the impact of the pandemic on residency training from the perspective of pediatric residents. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey of categorical pediatric residents at US training programs at the end of the 2019–2020 academic year. This voluntary survey included questions that explored the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on resident training experiences, postresidency employment plans, and attitudes and perceptions. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and mixed-effects regression models. We performed a sensitivity analysis using respondents from programs with a >40% response rate for questions regarding resident attitudes and perceptions. RESULTS Residents from 127 of 201 training programs (63.2%) completed the survey, with a response rate of 18.9% (1141 of 6032). Respondents reported multiple changes to their training experience including rotation schedule adjustments, clinic cancellations, and an increase in the use of telemedicine. Respondents also reported inconsistent access to personal protective equipment and increased involvement in the care of adult patients. Graduating resident respondents reported concerns related to employment. Respondents also noted a negative impact on their personal wellness. CONCLUSIONS Responding residents reported that nearly every aspect of their training was impacted by the pandemic. Describing their experiences may help residency program and hospital leaders supplement missed educational experiences, better support residents through the remaining months of the pandemic, and better prepare for extraordinary circumstances in the future.

Download Full-text

Pretesting Impact of Operational Complexity in Malaysia’s Electrical and Electronics Manufacturing Industry

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v67.2763 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Nasuha Lee Abdullah ◽

Khairur Rijal Jamaludin ◽

Hayati Habibah Abdul Talib

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Manufacturing Industry ◽

Response Rate ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Common Method Bias ◽

Data Collection Instrument ◽

Method Bias ◽

The Impact ◽

Scale Data ◽

Made In

Scientific research requires data collection instrument that is valid and reliable. This paper describes the framework and operationalization of the variables before outlining the process of developing the instrument to assess the impact of operational complexity (OC) on quality management (QM) practices and operational performance (OP) relationships in Malaysia’s Electrical and Electronics (E&E) manufacturing industry. It also highlights issues of common method bias, reliability and validity of the instrument, pretest method and response rate. The pretest result is then discussed. The paper concludes that personal interviews are especially effective in detecting ambiguity in the instrument. Pilot run provides insights to the challenges ahead such as low response rate, tedious data analysis procedures and enables informed decision to be made in preparation for full-scale data collection.

Download Full-text

The Effect of Liquidity, Leverage and Bank’s Size on Bank’s Profitability of Indonesian Listed Bank

Jurnal Manajemen ◽

10.32832/jm-uika.v12i2.3946 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 26

Author(s):

Henny Setyo Lestari

Keyword(s):

Negative Affect ◽

Commercial Banks ◽

Banking Sector ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Stock Exchange ◽

Return On Equity ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Net Interest Margin ◽

The Impact ◽

Made In

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of liquidity, leverage and bank size on profitability in Indonesian conventional banking sector as the influencer of economic movements in this country. This study employed the total of 29 commercial banks listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of 2010-2019. There are total of 290 observations made in the study. The dependent variable used in this study is bank’s profitability measured by return on asset (ROA), return on equity (ROE) and net interest margin (NIM). The independent variables are liquidity measured by loan to deposit ratio (LDTR), leverage measured by equity to asset ratio (ETAR) and bank size measured by natural log of total asset (LNTA) . The result shows that liquidity was observed to has insignificant negative impact on bank’s ROA and ROE, and positively affect NIM but statistically insignificant. While leverage has negative but insignificant impact on ROA and NIM, and significanlly has negative affect on ROE. Meanwhile, bank size has positive and significant impact on ROA, then has insignificant negative impact on ROE, and significantly has negative affect on NIM.This study could help the internal management of Indonesian conventional banking sector to make policy and decision in order to improve bank’s profitability.

Download Full-text