scholarly journals The study of the genetic component of eating behavior in a sample of obese Yakuts

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
Н.И. Павлова ◽  
Х.А. Куртанов ◽  
А.Т. Дьяконова ◽  
Н.А. Соловьева ◽  
Л.А. Сыдыкова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Mutant Allele ◽  
Genetic Component ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Fto Gene ◽  
Obese People ◽  
The North ◽  
Dat1 Gene ◽  
Variable Nature

Характер питания коренных жителей Севера сменился с белково-липидного на углеводно-липидный. Среди них увеличилось число лиц, страдающих ожирением, обусловленном не только сменой характера питания, но и гиподинамией. Целью исследования является изучение генетической составляющей нарушения пищевого поведения в выборке якутов с ожирением. Всего в исследовании принял участие 191 человек якутской национальности, из них 100 пациентов страдающих ожирением различной степени тяжести (73 женщины и 27 мужчин), в качестве группы сравнения сформирована выборка людей с нормальными показателями ИМТ (< 25) в количестве 91 человека (70 женщин и 21 мужчина). По результатам исследования, частота встречаемости мутантного аллеля А rs9939609 гена FTO во всей обследованной группе составила 27%, при этом доля лиц с генотипом АА составляла 9,4 %. Анализ распределения аллелей и генотипов полиморфизма rs27072 гена DAT1 показал преобладание предкового аллеля G (90,8 %) и генотипа GG (82,7 %) во всех обследованных группах. The nature of the nutrition of the inhabitants of the North is from lipo-lipid. Among them, the number of obese people increased, due not only to the variable nature of nutrition, but also to physical inactivity. The aim of the study is to study the genetic component of eating disorders. In total, 191 people took part in the study, of which 100 people suffer from obesity of varying severity (73 women and 27 men), which allows us to compare a sample of people with normal MMT ((25) in the amount of 91 people (70 women and 21 men). According to the results of studies, the frequency of occurrence of the mutant allele A of rs9939609 FTO gene in all the studied groups is 27%, while the AA genotype is only 9.4%. An analysis of the distribution of alleles and genotypes of rs27072 polymorphism of the DAT1 gene showed the predominance of the ancestral G allele (90.8%) and the GG genotype (82.7%) in all examined samples.

Knotweed Management Strategies in North America with the Advent of Widespread Hybrid Bohemian Knotweed, Regional Differences, and the Potential for Biocontrol Via the Psyllid Aphalara itadori Shinji

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Clements ◽  
Todd Larsen ◽  
Jennifer Grenz
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
The United States ◽  
The North ◽  
Variable Nature ◽  
Available Resources

AbstractInvasive species with distributions that encompass much of the North American environment often demand a range of management approaches, for several key reasons. Firstly, the North American environment includes a large number of highly variable habitats in terms of climatic, edaphic, and landscape features. Secondly, these regional habitat differences are accentuated by jurisdictions within Canada and the United States, whereby approaches and available resources differ at local, regional, and national scales. Another important consideration is whether an invasive species or complex also possesses genetic variation. All three of these factors render the knotweed complex in North America a highly variable target for management. In this paper we review existing knowledge of the variable nature of knotweed species (Fallopia japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decr., Fallopia sachalinensis (F. Schmidt ex Maxim) Ronse Decr., and Fallopia × bohemica, (Chrtek and Chrtková) J. P. Bailey in North America, and evaluate how herbicidal, mechanical and biological control measures must account for this genetic variation, as well as accounting for regional differences and the potential northward expansion of knotweed under climate change. The imminent release of the psyllid, Aphalara itadori Shinji as a biological control agent in North America must also navigate regional and genetic differences. Prior European experience dealing with the three knotweed species should prove useful, but additional research is needed to meet the emerging challenge posed by F. × bohemica in North America, including the possibility of glyphosate resistance. Managers also face challenges associated with posttreatment restoration measures. Furthermore, disparities in resources available to address knotweed management across the continent need to be addressed to contain the rapid spread of this highly persistent and adaptable species. Linking practitioners dealing with knotweed “on the ground” with academic research is a crucial step in the process of marshalling all available resources to reduce the rapidly spreading populations of knotweed.

A multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of eating disorders via videoconferencing in north-east Scotland

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 37-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Simpson ◽  
Jane Knox ◽  
Derek Mitchell ◽  
James Ferguson ◽  
John Brebner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Remote Communities ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Therapy Service

summary Until recently many remote communities in Scotland, especially on the northern islands, were unable to access specialist eating disorder services. The Grampian Eating Disorder Service, based in the north-east of Scotland, has developed a video-therapy service that offers specialist psychological and nutritional therapy for sufferers of eating disorders. Twelve patients have been treated via videoconferencing. Patients consistently rated high levels of satisfaction with all aspects of video-therapy, and after their last session 67% preferred video-therapy to face-to-face therapy. A number of patients commented that, compared with face-to-face therapy, they felt more in control and less intimidated in video-therapy. There was also a trend for patients to become more comfortable with video-therapy over the course of treatment. Nutritional knowledge increased for all patients, and the nutritional content of dietary intake also markedly improved over the course of therapy.

Immunology of Eating Disorders

2018 ◽  
pp. 241-250
Author(s):  
Adaliene Versiani Matos Ferreira ◽  
Laís Bhering Martins ◽  
Nayara Mussi Monteze ◽  
Geneviève Marcelin ◽  
Karine Clément
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Eating disorders (EDs) are characterized by dysregulation in eating behavior leading to extreme increase or decrease in food intake that, in turn, changes body weight, adiposity, and physical health. Anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED) are the three major eating disorders. Peculiar immune abnormalities occur in these conditions. Previous studies have reported a higher number of CD4+ T lymphocytes in patients with AN, which are related to a relative resistance to viral infections, even in the presence of leukopenia. It has also been proposed that a cluster of cytokines is altered in these patients. A chronic low-grade inflammation has been observed in obese people with BED and in patients with AN, but with a different profile in each condition. In this context, antagonist drugs of specific cytokines, such as anti-TNF, showed improvement of AN-related symptoms, but increased weight gain in obese subjects. The identification of specific molecules and/or immune cells that impair neuronal circuits implicated in eating behaviors may contribute to the development of pharmacological strategies for eating disorders.

Well-Being and Prejudice toward Obese People in Women at Risk to Develop Eating Disorders

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1293-1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Magallares
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Oral Control ◽  
Weight Problems ◽  
Eat 26 ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Antifat Attitudes

The literature has found that eating disorders (ED) patients usually have a depression and anxiety diagnosis. However, not many investigations have studied the relationship between ED and well-being. One of the main problems of patients with ED is their body image. These individuals usually see themselves too big but there are not many investigations that focus on how these patients see people with real weight problems. For this reason in this study it is analyzed how women in risk to develop ED see obese people. 456 female students were selected. It was found that women with high scores in the different subscales of the Eating Attitudes Test 26 (EAT-26; dieting, bulimia and oral control) had lower well-being (both subjective and psychological) and worse attitudes toward obese people (measured with Antifat Attitudes Test, AFA, Beliefs About Obese People Scale, BAOP, and Attitudes Toward Obese People Scale, ATOP) compared with women with low scores in the EAT-26.

scholarly journals The Impact of an Extreme Storm Event on the Barrier Beach of the Lefkada Lagoon, NE Ionian Sea (Greece)

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 562 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. GHIONIS ◽  
S. E. POULOS ◽  
E. VERYKIOU ◽  
A. KARDITSA ◽  
G. ALEXANDRAKIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Barometric Pressure ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Ionian Sea ◽  
Barrier Beach ◽  
The North ◽  
The Impact

The present investigation examines the characteristics of a high energy storm event, that took place on November 9-11, 2007 in the NE Ionian Sea (eastern Mediterranean), and its impact upon the barrier beach that separates the Lefkada lagoon from the open Ionian Sea. The storm event was caused by NW winds with speeds exceeding 20 m/s (40 knots), which have an annual frequency of occurrence less than 0.015%. This high energy event produced waves with >5 m significant offshore height and 9.5 s period; these waves developed on 10th November during the rapid rise of barometric pressure (~1.4 hPa/hr), which followed the barometric pressure drop from 1020.5 hPa at 06:00 (UTC) of 9th November to 1001.7 hPa at 06:00 h (UTC) of 10th November. Secondary breaking at the shoreline produced wave heights >1.5 m, associated with a surge of >0.4 m and a run-up capability of >2.4 m. The waves managed to overtop the barrier beach (elevations ~2.5 m), lowering the seaward side of the barrier beach by 10-30 cm and causing a coastline retreat of 0.9 to 2.2 m; these morphological changes correspond volumetrically to a sediment loss of approximately 8 m3/m of coastline length from the sub-aerial part of the beach. During the last three decades a significant change in the frequency of occurrence and direction (from S-SW-W to N-NW-NE) of severe storms with wind speeds exceeding 40 knots has been recorded, affecting the sediment transport pattern and contributing to the erosion of the north beaches of Lefkada.

Physical inactivity is the major determinant of obesity in black women in the North West province, South Africa: the THUSA study

Nutrition ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 422-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.Salome Kruger ◽  
Christina S Venter ◽  
Hester H Vorster ◽  
Barrie M Margetts
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Major Determinant ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
North West Province

Impact of eating disorders and psychological distress on the quality of life of obese people

Nutrition ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (7-8) ◽  
pp. e7-e13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Folope ◽  
Charlène Chapelle ◽  
Sébastien Grigioni ◽  
Moïse Coëffier ◽  
Pierre Déchelotte
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Obese People

scholarly journals Turkic genetic component in the gene pool of the indigenous population of Dagestan

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
В.Н. Харьков ◽  
А.А. Зарубин ◽  
И.Ю. Хитринская ◽  
М.О. Раджабов ◽  
С.С. Литвинов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Genetic Component ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North

Выявлен вклад тюркского по происхождению компонента в генофонд различных этносов Дагестана и Северного Кавказа, который присутствует не только у тюркоязычных популяций, но и у соседних с ними. В горных популяциях Дагестана, в отличие от равнинных, тюркский компонент практически полностью отсутствует. The contribution of Turkic genetic component to the gene pool of various ethnic groups of Dagestan and the North Caucasus, which is present not only in Turkic-speaking populations, but also in neighboring ones, is revealed. In the mountain populations of Dagestan, unlike the plains, the Turkic component is almost completely absent.

MUTATION IN THE FMO3 LOCUS AND ITS DISTRIBUTION IN A GROUP OF AYRSHIRE BREEDING BULLS USED IN FARMS OF THE KRASNODAR TERRITORY

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Н.В. КОВАЛЮК ◽  
Е.В. ШИРЯЕВА ◽  
Л.И. ЯКУШЕВА ◽  
Ю.Ю. ШАХНАЗАРОВА
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Mutant Allele ◽  
Restriction Site ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Test System ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

Рыбный привкус в коровьем молоке вызван наличием нонсенс-мутации (g.39523051C>T) в гене бычьего FMO3. Нами разработана тест-система для выявления FMO3- полиморфизма, основанная на полимеразной цепной реакции с последующим анализом полиморфизма длин фрагментов рестрикции с использованием эндонуклеазы TaqI. Фрагменты, которые амплифицировались с участка гена FMO3 «дикого» типа, расщеплялись эндонуклеазой TaqI  на 2 фрагмента: 136 и 99 пн. Фрагменты, амплифицированные с мутантного аллеля, сайта рестрикции не имели (их размер составлял  235 пн). Определена частота встречаемости носителей мутации в отечественной субпопуляции айрширского скота. Установлено, что среди айрширских быков-производителей (n=45), принадлежащих различным отечественным и зарубежным племорганизациям, частота встречаемости носителей мутации в гене FMO составила 9%. Учитывая, что выявленные носители мутации интенсивно используются и могут передавать эту аномалию значительному числу дочерей, генотипирование по локусу FMO3 должно стать обязательным для быков-производителей и групп быкопроизводящих коров племенных айрширских хозяйств. The fishy taste in cow's milk is caused by the presence of a nonsense mutation (g.39523051C>T) in the bovine FMO3 gene. We have developed a test system for detecting FMO3 polymorphism based on a polymerase chain reaction followed by analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism using TaqI endonuclease. Fragments that were amplified from the wild-type FMO3 gene site were cleaved by TaqI endonuclease into 2 fragments: 136 and 99 bp. The fragments amplified from the mutant allele did not have a restriction site (their size was — 235 bp). The frequency of occurrence of mutation carriers in the domestic subpopulation of Ayrshire cattle was determined. It was found that among Ayrshire bulls (n=45) belonging to various domestic and foreign breeding organizations, the frequency of occurrence of carriers of the mutation in the FMO gene was 9%. Given that the identified carriers of the mutation are intensively used and can transmit this anomaly to a significant number of daughters, genotyping by the FMO3 locus should become mandatory for breeding bulls and groups of bull-producing cows of breeding Ayrshire farms.

scholarly journals Variations in the distributions of Centropages chierchiae and Temora stylifera (Copepoda: Calanoida) in the north-eastern Atlantic Ocean and western European shelf waters

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 869-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Lindley ◽  
S. Daykin
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Seasonal Cycles ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
English Channel ◽  
The North ◽  
Edge Current ◽  
Eastern Atlantic Ocean ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

Abstract Centropages chierchiae and Temora stylifera occurred rarely in the Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) survey in the Bay of Biscay, Celtic Sea, and English Channel before 1988. By 2000 they were found frequently and in abundance. The seasonal cycles of abundance of these species differ, C. chierchiae occurring mainly in the summer while T. stylifera was found most frequently in late autumn or winter towards the northern limits of its distribution. The increase in abundance of both species is related to temperature. However, in the years when it was found in the samples, the frequency of occurrence of C. chierchiae was correlated positively with the strength of the shelf edge current and negatively with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) while the reverse was true for T. stylifera.

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