scholarly journals RESULTS OF NEW STUDIES OF EARLY NEOLITHIC LAYERS AT RAKUSHECHNYY YAR (ROSTOV REGION)

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-43
Author(s):  
А. Н. Мазуркевич ◽  
Е. В. Долбунова ◽  
В. В. Цыбрий ◽  
А. В. Цыбрий ◽  
Я. Шманда ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thick Layer ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Short Period ◽  
High Level ◽  
Littoral Area ◽  
Insight Into

Ракушечный Яр - уникальный стратифицированный памятник VII/VI тыс. до н. э. - раннего Средневековья - характеризуется сложной стратиграфией и палеорельефом, наличием погребенных почв и культурных слоев. Планомерные раскопки памятника проводились в 1960-1970 гг. и возобновлены в 2008 г. В результате комплексных археологических и геологических исследований выявлены особенности культурных слоев, позволившие выстроить микрохронологию этого памятника, где отдельные слои формировались за очень короткое время. Ракушечный Яр представляет свидетельства разновременного и последовательного заселения человеком прибрежной зоны. Раскопанные части стоянок, возможно, были специализированными местами использования водных ресурсов. Ранненеолитическое поселение в непосредственной близости от озера, возникшего примерно в сер. VIII тыс. до н. э., появилось около 5600 л. до н. э. В рамках отдельных горизонтов отмечены платформы и/или кучи раковин Unio и Viviparus, перекрытые тонкими (1-3 см) прослойками песка и суглинка и мощным слоем белого стерильного аллювиального песка. Такая последовательность отложений могла возникнуть в прибрежной озерной зоне во время трансгрессий и регрессий. Датировки отдельных слоев указывают на узкий хронологический интервал их сложения, что позволяет предполагать высокий уровень минеральных отложений в озерной котловине. По всей видимости, накопление (около 2 м) ранненеолитических слоев происходило в течение нескольких десятилетий. В статье будут рассмотрены особенности образования культурных и литологических слоев для временного среза раннего неолита. Rakushechnyy Yar is a unique stratified site dating to 7000-6000 BC characterized by complex stratigraphy, presence of buried soils and occupation layers. Consistent excavations of the site were first carried out in 1960-1970 and were then resumed in 2008. Comprehensive geoarchaeological studies helped examine specific traits of its occupation layers providing insight into microchronology of the site where some layers were formed during a very short period of time. Rakushechnyy Yar contains evidence of consistent human occupation of the littoral area in different periods of time. Most likely, the excavated sections of the sites were specialized places where water resources were used. The Early Eneolithic settlement near the lake that had been formed around mid-8th mill. BC appeared around 5600 BC. Platforms and/or bunches of Unio and Viviparus shells overlain with thin (1-3 cm) sand and loam layers and a thick layer of white sterile alluvial sand were recorded in some horizons. This sequence of deposits could occur in the littoral lacustrine area during transgressions and regressions. Dating of several layers point to a narrow chronological interval of their formation suggesting a high level of minerogenetic deposits in the lake basin. Apparently, it took several decades of these minerogenetic deposits of the Early Neolithic layers (around 2 m thick) to form.

scholarly journals РАДИОУГЛЕРОДНАЯ ХРОНОЛОГИЯ П. РАКУШЕЧНЫЙ ЯР

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Dolbunova ◽  
◽  
J. Meadows ◽  
A. Mazurkevich ◽  
A. Tsybrij ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Vegetation Changes ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Fluvial Deposits ◽  
Cultural Layers

Rakushechny Yar site is a floodplain multi-layer archaeological site encompassing strata dated to Early Neolithic – Bronze Age. It is characterized by complex stratigraphy, presence of different deposits, buried soils and cultural layers. Fluvial deposits interlay different settlement strata, which provide an opportunity to elaborate precise chronological scheme and study the successive changes in hydrological regime, climate and vegetation changes along with human occupation phases. A new series of samples, from cultural layers of new excavated areas dated to an interval spanning no more than a few decades, centered around 5600 cal. BC.

scholarly journals Bronze and Iron Age sites in Srem and the stratigraphy of Gomolava

Balcanica ◽  
2005 ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Nikola Tasic
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Early Bronze Age ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Stratigraphic Sequence ◽  
Relative Chronology ◽  
Pannonian Plain ◽  
The Bronze Age ◽  
Insight Into

Systematic excavation at Gomolava conducted almost interruptedly between 1953 and 1985 provided an almost full insight into the human occupation of the southern Pannonian Plain from the Early Neolithic to the successive arrival of Celts and Romans. This fact makes it possible for many of the excavated short-lived or horizontally-stratified settlements to be defined in relation to Gomolava's stratigraphic sequence. As a result, the paper attempts to establish a relative chronology for Bronze and Iron Age sites in the area between the Sava and Danube rivers. By way of illustration, it offers four maps suggesting synchronous developments. Thus Map 1 shows chronological parallelism between the Early Bronze Age layers and late Vucedol and Vinkovci sites (such as Pecine near Vrdnik, or Belegis, Vojka and Batajnica) belonging to the final Eneolithic and Early Bronze, while Map 2 shows synchronisms between Gomolava IVb-c and the Vinkovci layers at the sites of Gradina on the Bosut, Gradac at Belegis, Petrovaradin Fortress, and Asfaltna Baza on the outskirts of Zemun. The end of the Bronze Age represented by Gomolava IVb1 to IVc is shown to be synchronous with the settlements, necropolises and hoard horizons of an Ha A1 and A2 date. Finally, Early Iron Age sites are easy to fit in with the Srem sites owing to systematic excavations at Gradina on the Bosut near Sid, Kalakaca near Beska and numerous hoards of bronze artefacts marking a clear boundary between the Bronze and Early Iron Ages. At Gomolava this transition is reflected in horizons Va to Vd: the earliest is represented by black channeled pottery of the Gava type, while the other three are connected with the evolution of the Bosut-Basarabi complex.

Geographic Variation in Dominance of Spinosad Resistance in Colorado Potato Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coby Klein ◽  
Mitchell Baker ◽  
Andrei Alyokhin ◽  
David Mota-Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Long Island ◽  
New York State ◽  
The United States ◽  
Island Population ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata Say ◽  
High Level

Abstract Eastern New York State is frequently the site of Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Say) populations with the highest observed levels of insecticide resistance to a range of active ingredients. The dominance of a resistant phenotype will affect its rate of increase and the potential for management. On organic farms on Long Island, L. decemlineata evolved high levels of resistance to spinosad in a short period of time and that resistance has spread across the eastern part of the Island. Resistance has also emerged in other parts of the country as well. To clarify the level of dominance or recessiveness of spinosad resistance in different parts of the United States and how resistance differs in separate beetle populations, we sampled in 2010 beetle populations from Maine, Michigan, and Long Island. In addition, a highly resistant Long Island population was assessed in 2012. All populations were hybridized with a laboratory-susceptible strain to determine dominance. None of the populations sampled in 2010 were significantly different from additive resistance, but the Long Island population sampled in 2012 was not significantly different from fully recessive. Recessive inheritance of high-level resistance may help manage its increase.

Insight into the formation of a continuous sheath structure for the PS phase in tri-continuous PVDF/PS/HDPE blends

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 439-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Dou ◽  
Shuanglin Li ◽  
Yan Shao ◽  
Bo Yin ◽  
Mingbo Yang
Keyword(s):  
Ternary Blends ◽  
Continuous Structure ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Sheath Structure

A hierarchical tri-continuous structure is formed and controlled in PVDF/PS/HDPE ternary blends. A very high level of PS continuity, about 80%, is achieved only with a PS volume composition as low as 11 vol%.

The timing of deglaciation from mountain summits to cirques in Wales: 10Be and 26Al exposure dates from Cadair Idris

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Hughes ◽  
Neil Glasser ◽  
David Fink ◽  
Jason Dortch ◽  
Reka Fülöp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Summit Area ◽  
Sheet Surface ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
Heinrich Event ◽  
Level Ice ◽  
High Level ◽  
Exposure Ages ◽  
Later Phase

<p>Cosmogenic <sup>10</sup>Be and <sup>26</sup>Al exposure ages from 20 erratic samples collected from Cadair Idris (893 m), a mountain in southern Snowdonia, Wales, provide evidence for the timing of deglaciation from summits to cirques at the end of the Late Pleistocene. The summit of the mountain is characterised by intensely modified frost-shattered surfaces that have long been identified as a representing a former nunatak. Numerous glacially-transported quartz boulders on the highest ground indicate that ice overran the summit at some point in the Pleistocene. Two quartz boulders, one with preserved striations, sampled at c. 856 m near the summit of Cadair Idris yielded consistent <sup>10</sup>Be and <sup>26</sup>Al paired exposure ages of 75 ka to 60 ka (using a high-latitude sea level <sup>10</sup>Be spallation production rate of 4.20 at/g/y, scaled by the Lal/Stone scheme). A glacially polished bedrock quartzite outcrop at 735 m gave an age of 17.5 ka. Immediately below this, cirque and down-valley recessional moraine ages, covering an elevation of 480 m to 350 m ranged from 10 to 15 ka respectively.</p><p>These results confirm that Cadair Idris was overridden by the Welsh Ice Cap during marine isotope stage (MIS) 4, when ice was thicker than at the global last glacial maximum (LGM) in MIS 2. This is consistent with findings from northern Snowdonia. The highest Welsh summits, including Cadair Idris, emerged above a thinning Welsh Ice Cap (British Irish Ice Sheet) during the transition from MIS 4 to 3. The summit area above ~800 m then stood as nunataks above the LGM ice sheet surface in MIS 2. The Welsh Ice Cap then rapidly thinned over Cadair Idris at ~20-17 ka based on ages from high-level ice-moulded bedrockThis is supported by more new ages from high-level paired erratics and bedrock samples on several other mountains throughout Snowdonia, leading to a phase of alpine-style deglaciation. Valley glaciers initiated their retreat up-valley from ~17 to 14 ka after Heinrich Event 1. A later phase of glacier stabilisation or still stand formation produced classic cirque moraines near the rim of a present cirque lake basin (480 m elevation) yielding <sup>10</sup>Be ages of 13-10 ka during the Younger Dryas.</p>

scholarly journals Analysis and forecasts of Salmonella spp. antibiotic resistance in Dnipropetrovsk region (Ukraine)

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
H. A. Martynenko
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Trend Line ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Short Period ◽  
High Level

The paper presents data of the research aimed at studying the species composition of major pathogens circulating in the region and the resistance to antibacterial drugs in pathogens of salmonella, one of the most common zoonoses. Within the period 2014–2018 the qualitative composition of microflora from biological and pathological materials from different groups of animals was studied in Dnipropetrovsk region. Own research results and the results of the regional veterinary statistical reporting were analyzed. Within the short period of five years, 237 cultures of Gram-negative bacteria were detected and studied. The dominant agent in the studied region was E. coli (56.7%) from the Enterobacteriaceae family. The second most frequent agent in the pathology was Salmonella spp. (10.5%). In total, 29 cultures of salmonella infection were isolated from six species of animals with a predominance of bird isolates. Thus, for different age groups of poultry the most common were S. Gallinarum-Pullorum (56%) and S. Enteritidis (32%). An antibiotic resistance increase in pathogenic salmonella was observed for β-lactam antibiotics (cefazolin, ceftriaxone), aminoglycosides (gentamicin, streptomycin, kanamycin), as well as for tetracycline and polymyxin. Taking into consideration the high level of resistance against norfloxacin in the region’s dominant pathogens of the Enterobacteriaceae family, we performed a forecast in MS Excel graphically and added a trend line. In the course of work it was proved that the Dnipropetrovsk region is a geographic zone with a stable high (86 ± 3.7%) allocation from different groups of animals of Gram-negative microorganisms. It was found that local dominant pathogens are representatives of the Enterobacteriaceae family (E. coli, Salmonella spp.). This data can be used as surrogate resistance markers. The epizootological patterns of animal salmonellosis are determined. It is shown the possibility of forecasting the distribution of antibiotic resistant strains in MS Excel in graphical form by adding a trend line, using quantitative information on the sensitivity of bacteria. Prospects for further research are the prevention and control of the emergence of resistance to antibiotics in veterinary medicine and agriculture in the region and in the country

scholarly journals Factors and Strategies for Post-Vertebroplasty Residual Pain from Thoracolumbar Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures (OVCF): a systematic review.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binbin Tang ◽  
Kang Liu ◽  
Lianguo Wu ◽  
Xiaolin Shi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bone Cement ◽  
Vertebral Compression Fractures ◽  
Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Residual Pain ◽  
Compression Fractures ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Cement Distribution ◽  
High Level

Abstract Purpose Insignificant pain relief (IPR) in short period after vertebroplasty is common, which often disturb doctors and affect patients Therefore, we reviewed systematically relative articles and attempted to get meaningful evidence on factors and strategies for IPR.Methods PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, WanFang, and VIP were searched for literatures treating the osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) with vertebroplasty and assessing the clinical efficacy.Results 817 references were electronically retrieved, 81 full-text papers were screened and 41 studies were included. Twenty-two trials presented factors on IPR, mainly including bone cement related, operation related and patient-related factors. Nineteen studies showed strategies on residual pain, including improving osteoporosis, reforming surgical operation and add other therapies. 16 prospective, 20 retrospective and 5 meta-analyses consisted the systematic review. The date from included studies point to different results, with less risk of bias, were needed to clarify the factors and strategies for residual pain.Conclusions Bone cement distribution and operation error are highly related to the post-vertebroplasty residual pain. Many therapeutic methods could improve pain and rehabilitate function but lacking more high-level evidence due to the insufficient trails.

scholarly journals Localização de nascentes ameaçadas em áreas urbanas: Uma estratégia preventiva de conservação ambiental com auxílio de Modelo Digital do Terreno (MDT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 2186-2203
Author(s):  
Bárbara Fernanda da Cunha Tasca ◽  
Fernanda Vieira Xavier ◽  
Auberto José Barros Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
First Order ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Drainage Channels ◽  
High Level

Identifying urban headwaters and delimitating their Permanent Preservation Areas (PPA) before its inevitable degradation by the human occupation is essential to guarantee the long-term sustainability of the cities. However, the scarcity of tools for facilitating this purpose prevents public authorities from speeding up their control actions. As headwaters frequently occur near the beginning of first-order drainage channels, it is assumed that their location can be obtained by using numerical models of the land surface. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate and demonstrate the applicability of a Digital Terrain Model (MDT) as an auxiliary tool in the prospecting process in spring fields in the urban area of Cuiabá, MT, Brazil. The methodology consisted of extracting the drainage channels from the modeled area, making it possible to indicate locations for prospecting corresponding to the head regions of the first order channels. The results show that 62,8% of the occurrence of the headwaters were in a 300m radii from the first-order start points. However, it was not possible to issue a conclusive evaluation in 28,6% of the places due to the high level of anthropization. Nevertheless, only in 8,6% of them did not present any water emergence in the surroundings, indicating the effectiveness of this method in guiding the prospection of headwaters in field. We concluded that our procedures are worthful for cities that have detailed altimetric surveys, being especially useful in urban expansion areas, where the preventive character of headwaters conservation is essential.

scholarly journals Reconstructing feedback representations in ventral visual pathway with a generative adversarial autoencoder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haider Al-Tahan ◽  
Yalda Mohsenzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Visual Pathway ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Ventral Visual Pathway ◽  
High Level ◽  
Feedback Connections ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractWhile vision evokes a dense network of feedforward and feedback neural processes in the brain, visual processes are primarily modeled with feedforward hierarchical neural networks, leaving the computational role of feedback processes poorly understood. Here, we developed a generative autoencoder neural network model and adversarially trained it on a categorically diverse data set of images. We hypothesized that the feedback processes in the ventral visual pathway can be represented by reconstruction of the visual information performed by the generative model. We compared representational similarity of the activity patterns in the proposed model with temporal (magnetoencephalography) and spatial (functional magnetic resonance imaging) visual brain responses. The proposed generative model identified two segregated neural dynamics in the visual brain. A temporal hierarchy of processes transforming low level visual information into high level semantics in the feedforward sweep, and a temporally later dynamics of inverse processes reconstructing low level visual information from a high level latent representation in the feedback sweep. Our results append to previous studies on neural feedback processes by presenting a new insight into the algorithmic function and the information carried by the feedback processes in the ventral visual pathway.Author summaryIt has been shown that the ventral visual cortex consists of a dense network of regions with feedforward and feedback connections. The feedforward path processes visual inputs along a hierarchy of cortical areas that starts in early visual cortex (an area tuned to low level features e.g. edges/corners) and ends in inferior temporal cortex (an area that responds to higher level categorical contents e.g. faces/objects). Alternatively, the feedback connections modulate neuronal responses in this hierarchy by broadcasting information from higher to lower areas. In recent years, deep neural network models which are trained on object recognition tasks achieved human-level performance and showed similar activation patterns to the visual brain. In this work, we developed a generative neural network model that consists of encoding and decoding sub-networks. By comparing this computational model with the human brain temporal (magnetoencephalography) and spatial (functional magnetic resonance imaging) response patterns, we found that the encoder processes resemble the brain feedforward processing dynamics and the decoder shares similarity with the brain feedback processing dynamics. These results provide an algorithmic insight into the spatiotemporal dynamics of feedforward and feedback processes in biological vision.

scholarly journals Exploring citizen science in post-socialist space: Uncovering its hidden character in the Czech Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbora Duží ◽  
Robert Osman ◽  
Jiří Lehejček ◽  
Eva Nováková ◽  
Pavel Taraba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Representation ◽  
Science Projects ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Search Approach ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Citizen science is a relatively new phenomenon in the Czech Republic and currently a general overview of existing citizen science projects is not available. This presents the challenge to uncover the ‘hidden’ citizen science landscapes. The main objective of this paper is to explore the (public) representation of citizen science (CS) projects and to describe their heterogeneity. The study aims to answer the question of what type of projects in the Czech Republic meet the definition of citizen science. Based on a specific methodological data-base search approach, we compiled a set of CS projects (N = 73). During the classification process, two general citizen science categories were identified. The first group (N = 46) consists of “pure” CS projects with a prevalence towards the natural sciences, principally ornithology, and thus corresponding to general European trends. Citizens usually participate in such research in the form of data collection and basic interpretation, and a high level of cooperation between academia and NGOs was detected. The second group of “potential” CS projects (N = 27) entails various forms of public participation in general, frequently coordinated by NGOs. Based on these results, we discuss the position of citizen science in the Czech Republic, including socially-oriented citizen science. Further research is strongly encouraged to achieve a more in-depth insight into this social phenomenon.

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