scholarly journals Study of conflict behavior of older preschool children with general speech underdevelopment

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Н.Н. Шельшакова
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Conflict Behavior ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Communication Tools ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Pedagogical Literature ◽  
Normal Speech ◽  
Free Activity

Анализируя психологическую и педагогическую литературу по проблеме личностного развития детей с общим недоразвитием речи, можно выделить следующие особенности: нарушение развития коммуникативной сферы из-за несформированности средств общения, дети часто не бывают заинтересованы в контакте. Исходя из актуальности темы целью исследования стало изучение особенностей конфликтного поведения старших дошкольников с общим недоразвитием речи. В исследовании участвовало 24 ребёнка, из них 12 детей - старшего возраста с нормой речевого развития, 12 детей – старшего возраста с общим недоразвитием речи, в дальнейшем (ОНР), а именно – с 3-им уровнем ОНР – 5 детей, 7 детей – со 2-ым уровнем ОНР. Описание метода исследования: наблюдение в свободной деятельности. Итак, при сравнении двух групп исследования в процессе наблюдения установлено, что в группе детей с общим недоразвитием речи в большей степени наблюдаются проявление конфликтов по сравнению с детьми без особенностей речевого развития. Исследования доказывают, что фонематическое восприятие всех звуков завершается к концу второго года жизни, другие ученые подчеркивают, что физиологическая дислалия, которая присуща детям трехлетнего возраста, у четырехлетних детей уже не наблюдается. Это означает, что уже на пятом году жизни ребенка можно обнаружить отставание в формировании звукопроизношения вследствие дефектов восприятия и произношения фонем. Analyzing the psychological and pedagogical literature on the problem of personal development of children with general speech underdevelopment, the following features can be identified: a violation of the development of the communicative sphere due to the lack of communication tools, children are often not interested in contact. Based on the relevance of the topic, the aim of the study was to study the features of the conflict behavior of older preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment. The study involved 24 children, including 12 older children with normal speech development, 12 older children with general speech underdevelopment, in the future (ONR), namely-with the 3rd level of ONR – 5 children, 7 children - with the 2nd level of ONR. Description of the research method: observation in free activity. So, when comparing the two groups of the study, it was found that in the group of children with general speech underdevelopment, the manifestation of conflicts is more observed than in children without speech development features. Studies prove that the phonemic perception of all sounds is completed by the end of the second year of life, other scientists emphasize that the physiological dyslalia that is inherent in children of three years of age is no longer observed in four-year-olds. This means that already in the fifth year of a child's life, it is possible to detect a lag in the formation of sound pronunciation due to defects in the perception and pronunciation of phonemes.

3-Methylglutaconic Aciduria: A New Variant

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 1080-1082
Author(s):  
Avraham Zeharia ◽  
Orly N. Elpeleg ◽  
Masza Mukamel ◽  
Raphael Weitz ◽  
Raya Ariel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Favorable Prognosis ◽  
Mild Developmental Delay ◽  
New Variant ◽  
Clinical Variant ◽  
Normal Enzyme ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Methylglutaconic Aciduria

3-Methylglutaconic aciduria has been described in two distinct syndromes. In one there was deficient 3-methylglutaconyl coenzyme A hydratase in fibroblast extracts where the only clinical manifestation was retarded speech development. In the second syndrome, the enzyme activity was normal but prominent neurological deterioration was noted. We describe two siblings with 3-methylglutaconic aciduria with normal enzyme activity who had choreoathetoid movements, optic atrophy, and mild developmental delay. The boy demonstrated developmental improvement in his second year of life, and his sister developed well, with normal school performance. These patients represent a new clinical variant of the second syndrome with a relatively favorable prognosis.

scholarly journals Speech disorders in young and preschool children

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
K. V. Yagunova ◽  
D. D. Gaynetdinova
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Speech Pathology ◽  
Speech Therapist ◽  
Unified Classification System ◽  
Development Risk ◽  
Normal Speech

With every coming year more and more children suffer from speech problems, making their parents visit various specialists (pediatrician, neurologist, speech therapist, defectologist), who use their diagnostic techniques to detect speech disorders. The absence of a unified classification system and diagnostics leads to the late correction of speech disorders. The article considers main reasons for disturbances in normal speech development, risk factors of speech pathology, clinical manifestations of some types of speech disorders, various approaches to diagnosis and systematization of speech disorders.Conflict of interest: The authors of this article confirmed the lack of conflict of interest and financial support, which should be reported.

scholarly journals Senior preschool children’s speech development through dialogue with peers

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
N. Khanina ◽  
◽  
I. Li ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Communication Skills ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Role Play ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Speech Interaction ◽  
Game Environment ◽  
Individual Success ◽  
Children's Speech ◽  
Communicative Abilities

The article is devoted to the relevant problem of speech development, specifically its dialogic component. The development of coherent dialogic speech as a means of forming communication skills plays an important role in the process of preschoolers’ speech development. As a form of speech interaction with other people, dialogue requires special social and speech skills from the child, the development of which occurs gradually. Dialogue for a child is the first school of mastering speech, the school of communication; it is, in fact, the base of personal development. Through dialogue children learn the grammar of their native language, its vocabulary, phonetics, and draw useful information. The topic is relevant, since the development of dialogue in preschool childhood affects the formation of speech and communicative abilities, which are one of the aspects of individual success in modern society. The article focuses on the cooperative type of activities that are particularly important for the development of dialogic speech, primarily in which children jointly create a subject-game environment, come up with a theme and develop a plot, role-play dialogues and in the course of them enter into a variety of real relationships. The program that includes a set of didactic games for older preschoolers and is aimed at improving the level of dialogic communication skills is proposed. An experiment was conducted and described in which a set of didactic games was tested. The experiment showed growth in the skills of dialogic speech.

scholarly journals INNOVATIONS IN THE PREPARATION OF STUDENTS OF PRESCHOOL SPECIALIZATION TO AN UNDERSTANDING IN TODDLERS CHOICE OF THE SECOND YEAR OF LIFE

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Liubov Artemova
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Personal Life ◽  
Choice Procedure ◽  
Second Year Of Life ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Educational Tests

As a result of the 3-year study of children from birth to 3-years, the content, methods, various manifestations of their daily choices in various spheres of need - emotional and personal life were detected. Obtained materials served as a content base for the training of educational tests, which the students carried out the choice procedure. In such organized practical choice, they learned to see, distinguish, understand, feel the choice of kids: lawful from unacceptable, expressed in various ways - emotional, oral, tactile, gesture, effective, etc. Due to the achievements and difficulties of their own choice, future educators participated in needs, interests, aspirations, cognitive capes, individuality of children that showed and characterized their subjects in personal development and growth.

Temporal Characteristics of Aerodynamic Segments in the Speech of Children and Adults

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Zajac ◽  
Alyssa M. Hackett
Keyword(s):  
Older Children ◽  
Total N ◽  
Temporal Characteristics ◽  
Temporal Variables ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
Temporal Measures ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Normal Speech ◽  
Age And Sex

Objectives The primary purpose of this study was to determine the temporal characteristics of aerodynamic segments in the normal speech of children and adults without cleft palate. A secondary objective was to determine the withinspeaker variability of the segments. Method Speakers consisted of 46 children aged 6 to 8 years, 41 older children aged 11 to 12 years, and 41 adults aged 18 to 37 years (total n = 128) who repeated the word “hamper” during continuous utterances. The pressure-flow method was used to determine the duration of six segments of the oral air pressure and nasal airflow pulses associated with the /mp/ sequence. Descriptive statistics, including coefficients of variation (COV), were computed for each segment as a function of age and sex of the speakers. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) procedures were used to determine the effects of age, sex, or both on the temporal variables. Results ANOVAs indicated statistically significant main effects (p < .008) for age on five of the six temporal measures and for sex on three of the six measures. Five of the six COVs were also statistically significant for age. There were no statistically significant interactions between speaker age and sex for any measure. Conclusions The results indicate distinct patterns of timing for aerodynamic segments of speech produced by children and adults. Overall, adults exhibited less temporal variability than children. The generally longer and more variable segments produced by children suggest diagnostic and treatment implications relative to speakers with velopharyngeal dysfunction.

Assessment of cortical auditory evoked potentials in children with specific language impairment

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Włodarczyk ◽  
Agata Szkiełkowska ◽  
Adam Pilka ◽  
Henryk Skarżyński
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Therapeutic Success ◽  
Specific Language

The proper course of speech development heavily influences the cognitive and personal development of children. It is a condition for achieving preschool and school successes – it facilitates socializing and expressing feelings and needs. Impairment of language and its development in children represents a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for physicians and therapists. Early diagnosis of coexisting deficits and starting the therapy influence the therapeutic success. One of the basic diagnostic tests for children suffering from specific language impairment (SLI) is audiometry, thus far referred to as a hearing test. Auditory processing is just as important as a proper hearing threshold. Therefore, diagnosis of central auditory disorder may be a valuable supplementation of diagnosis of language impairment. Early diagnosis and implementation of appropriate treatment may contribute to an effective language therapy.

scholarly journals ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОГО ПОСТРОЕНИЯ РАССКАЗА У СТАРШИХ ДОШКОЛЬНИКОВ С НОРМОЙ И НАРУШЕНИЯМИ РЕЧЕВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Shcherbakova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Verbal Activity ◽  
Impaired Speech ◽  
Intensive Development ◽  
Normal Speech

Представлено исследование становления связной речи детей дошкольного возраста с нормой и нарушениями речевого развития. Проанализированы концепции ведущих отечественных ученых относительно изучения особенностей речевого развития у детей с общим недоразвитием речи. В рамках данной проблемы актуальным является рассмотрение вопросов формирования навыков самостоятельного построения рассказа у старших дошкольников с нормой и нарушениями речевого развития. Это связано с тем, что овладение рассказыванием представляет собой качественный переход на абсолютно новый уровень речемыслительной деятельности, что имеет значение в общем психическом развитии ребенка. Обосновывается мысль о том, что дошкольный возраст является благоприятным для интенсивного развития монологической речи, связного высказывания. Дошкольники в полной мере усваивают навыки владения семантическим, синтаксическим и морфологическим строем родного языка. Рассматриваются и обобщаются особенности речевого развития детей дошкольного возраста с общим недоразвитием речи. Приводятся эмпирические данные относительно ошибок в освоении детьми дошкольного возраста навыков самостоятельного построения рассказа. Достоверность результатов обоснована сравнительным анализом особенностей формирования построения рассказа детьми дошкольного возраста с общим недоразвитием речи и нормой речевого развития. С помощью сравнительного анализа выявляются словарные, грамматические, синтаксические затруднения детей дошкольного возраста в построении связного высказывания. Обосновывается необходимость разработки рекомендаций по коррекции особенностей самостоятельного составления рассказа у старших дошкольников с общим недоразвитием речи. This article is devoted to the study of the formation of coherent speech of preschool children with normal and impaired speech development. The article analyzes the concept of the leading Russian scientists to study the features of speech development in children with general underdevelopment of speech. Within the framework of this problem, it is urgent to consider the issues of formation of an independent construction of a story in older preschoolers with the norm and disorders of speech development. This is due to the fact that the mastery of storytelling is a qualitative transition to a completely new level of verbal activity of a child, which is important in the overall mental development of a child. The idea that preschool age is favorable for intensive development of monological speech and coherent utterance is substantiated. Preschoolers fully learn the skills of semantic, syntactic and morphological structure of the native language. The article discusses and summarizes the features of speech development of preschool children with General underdevelopment of speech. The article presents empirical data on the errors in the development of independent storytelling in preschool children. The reliability of the results is substantiated by the comparative analysis of the peculiarities of formation of the plot of preschoolers with general underdevelopment of speech and normal speech development. On the basis of the comparative analysis, vocabulary, grammar and syntactic difficulties of preschool children in construction of the coherent statement are revealed. In conclusion, on the basis of the above conclusions, the need to develop recommendations for correcting the features of self-compilation of a story among older preschoolers with general underdevelopment of speech is justified.

scholarly journals Implementasi Bina Pribadi Islam (BPI) dalam Membina Akhlak Peserta Didik di Sekolah Dasar Inspiratif Al-Ilham Kota Banjar

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Fani Fadliyani ◽  
Yosep Farhan Dafik Sahal ◽  
Muhamad Aris Munawar
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Study Approach

This study aims: (1) to determine the morals of students in SD Inspiratif Al-Ilham, Banjar City. (2) to determine the implementation of Islamic Personal Development (BPI) in building the morals of students at SD Inspiratif Al-Ilham, Banjar City. (3) to find out the results of the Islamic Personal Development (BPI) in building the morals of students at SD Inspiratif Al-Ilham, Banjar City. The purpose of this study was to determine the morals of students, the implementation of Islamic Personal Development and to find out the results of Islamic Personal Development in fostering the morals of students at SD Inspiratif Al-Ilham, Banjar City. This study used a qualitative research method with a case study approach. This study used data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and documentation study. The data used are primary data obtained directly from respondents regarding the implementation of Islamic Personal Development. Meanwhile, secondary data in the form of theories and other supporting data were obtained from literature and school archives documentation. All of these data are materials to describe the implementation of Islamic Personal Development (BPI) at SD Inspiratif Al-Ilham, Banjar City. The results of this study indicate that: (1) The morals of the students at SD Inspiratif Al-Ilham, Banjar City are good enough. (2) Implementation of Islamic Personal Development in fostering the morals of students at Inspiratif Al-Ilham Elementary School, Banjar City, namely through coaching which includes guidance by exemplary, guidance with habituation and guidance with advice (3) The results of the Islamic Personal Development (BPI) in fostering the morals of students at the Inspiratif Al-Ilham Elementary School, Banjar City are quite good, where students have been able to show behavior according to the existing indicators, including being able to carry out congregational prayers and prayers. sunnah dhuha and qiyamullail, reciting dhikr after every prayer and so on.

scholarly journals Features of inflection skills of preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Bazhenova ◽  
Yu. S. Mokhova
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Grammatical Structure ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Oral Speech ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High Level ◽  
Normal Speech

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the features of inflection skills of the preschoolers with a general speech disorders. The problem of studying the grammatical structure of speech plays a leading role in modern scientific and practical research, and the question of the mechanisms of the formation of grammatical patterns of language of children having general speech underdevelopment and the development of recommendations for speech therapy effects on this basis is especially relevant. Taking this factor into consideration, it is important to study the characteristics of inflection skills of preschoolers with a general speech disorders, as one of the categories of the grammatical structure. Accordingly, the purpose of the study was to investigate the characteristics of inflection skills of preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment. In accordance with the purpose, the course of the study is described, its results are analyzed, and conclusions are formulated. Accordingly, recommendations for speech therapy have been developed.Materials and methods. The study of the features of inflection skills of preschoolers with a general underdevelopment of speech was carried out in several stages. At the stage of analysis, synthesis, generalization and comparison of scientific literature data, the main theoretical and practical works of leading specialists were studied, dealing with the problem of formation and development of inflection skills in both normal and impaired speech development process. At the stage of the ascertaining experiment, preschoolers were offered a test aimed at determining the level of formation of inflection skills. At the final stage, empirical methods for processing empirical data (quantitative and qualitative analysis) were used.Results. As a result of the study, it was found that the inflection skills  of preschool children with general speech disorders are mainly formed at a lower-than-average level, while their peers with normal speech development are formed at a high level. The hypothesis of the study, which suggested that the word-modification skills of preschoolers with General speech disorders, in contrast to preschoolers with normal speech development, are characterized by inconsistencies in gender, number, case of nouns and adjectives, errors in the use of forms of number and gender of verbs, was confirmed.Discussion and Conclusions. Taking into consideration the results of the study, we concluded that there is a need for speech therapy to compensate for the underdevelopment of inflection skills, as a result, logopedic recommendations were developed for developing inflection skills of preschool children with general speech disorders, which are part of a comprehensive speech therapy on the development of oral speech.

scholarly journals The importance of student monitoring in academic learning: a two-year follow-up

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Pereira Nunes ◽  
Beatriz Ommati Pirovani ◽  
Hiago Guimarães Silva ◽  
Ana Victória Butarelo ◽  
Juliana da Silva Rossini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Academic Learning ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Access To Knowledge ◽  
Content Review ◽  
Positive Effect

Monitory’s exercises must provide conditions that support academic and personal development for students in graduation, once the leveling possibilities in a way that monitors can fill the demand of students in previous seasons. Aim: This study has the goal to investigate the monitory’s value in benefit of student’s good scholar performance. Methods: In 2015 and 2016 second year Odontology students were monitored for the subject pharmacology. Facing need of accompanied study because high fails percentage. Accompanied theory classes were did weekly, study groups and content review to deal with. After two years of accompany was determined that percentage number of fails. The data were analyzed by variance and Student-Newman-Keuls test (p<0,001). Results: Majority had expressive results, since number of reproves decreased drastically, statically lower than in antecedent years. Conclusion: It was possible to prove that activity has a positive effect in learning for learners making possible access to knowledge and was indispensable for the regiments systematization, seen that advice and monitory students make them develop better skills to learn the disciplines.

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