Specificity of optimization of recreational potential Forest park (on the example of the green zone of Saratov)

2018 ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
А.В. ТЕРЕШКИН
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Organic Part ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
The Road ◽  
Functional Zoning ◽  
Functional Zones ◽  
Green Zone ◽  
The City

Оптимизация рекреационного потенциала зеленой зоны городских территорий затрагивает эстетику и экологию пространства, логистику потоков отдыхающих на основе продуманной транспортной сети. В разработках планов градостроительства г. Саратова в 30-80-е годы ХХ века зеленым насаждениям отводилось видное место в комплексе города. Зеленые массивы того или иного функционального назначения являются органической частью города, как в границах застройки, так и за ее пределами. Социально-экономические перемены в стране вносили коррективы в использование объектов зеленой зоны в т.ч. лесных массивов и лесопарка «Кумысная поляна». Цель – провести оценку рекреационного потенциала зеленой зоны г. Саратова и разработать пути его оптимизации на примере лесопарка «Кумысная поляна». Выявлен недостаток площадей в пределах зеленой зоны, предназначенных для отдыха. Дана оценка рекреационного потенциала лесопарка «Кумысная поляна» с учетом существующего функционального деления его территории. Получены модели динамики рекреационных нагрузок в функциональных зонах. Рекреационный потенциал территории лесопарка «Кумысная поляна» колеблется от 65% до 84,38% от максимальных значений. Существующее функциональное зонирование не в полной степени гарантирует сохранение коренных типов насаждений и ландшафтов и одновременно не обеспечивает максимальную рекреационную емкость. Выявление специфики оптимизации рекреационной емкости показывает, что изменение границ функциональных зон, проведение работ по благоустройству и расширению дорожно-тропиночной сети даст возможность повысить потенциальную рекреационную емкость до 117,4 тыс. чел. Предложены мероприятия по повышению рекреационной емкости зеленой зоны и ее устойчивости к высоким рекреационным нагрузкам. Рекомендовано проводить санитарные и ландшафтные рубки древостоя, развивать сеть пешеходных дорожек, велодорог, повышать уровень благоустройства территории, используя методы  и приемы ландшафтного  проектирования и внести изменения в функциональное зонирование территории лесопарка «Кумысная поляна». Обоснованность и достоверность результатов исследований обеспечена и подвержена комплексными исследованиями с применением компьютерной обработки полученных данных. Optimization of the recreational potential of the green zone of urban areas affects the aesthetics and ecology of space, the logistics of holiday flows on the basis of a well-thought-out transport network. In the development of urban planning plans in Saratov in the 30-80-ies of the twentieth century, green spaces were given a prominent place in the city's complex. Green massifs of a particular functional purpose are an organic part of the city, both within the boundaries of the building and beyond. Socio-economic changes in the country were making adjustments to the use of green area objects, incl. forests and forest park "Kumysnaya Polyana". The aim is to assess the recreational potential of the green zone of Saratov and to develop ways to optimize it using the example of the forest park Kumysnaya Polyana. A lack of areas within the green zone intended for recreation has been identified. The estimation of recreational potential of forest park "Kumysnaya Polyana" is given taking into account the existing functional division of its territory. Models of the dynamics of recreational loads in functional zones are obtained. The recreation potential of the territory of the forest park "Kumysnaya Polyana" ranges from 65% to 84.38% of the maximum values. The existing functional zoning does not fully guarantee the preservation of indigenous types of plantations and landscapes and at the same time does not provide the maximum recreational capacity. Revealing the specificity of optimization of recreational capacity shows that changing the boundaries of functional zones, carrying out works on improvement and expansion of the road-tropic network will enable to increase the potential recreational capacity to 117.4 thousand people. Measures are proposed to increase the recreational capacity of the green zone and its resistance to high recreational loads. It is recommended to carry out sanitary and landscape cutting of the tree stand, develop a network of footpaths, bicycles, improve the level of landscaping, using methods and techniques of landscape design and make changes in the functional zoning of the forest park Kumysnaya Polyana. The validity and reliability of the research results is provided and subject to comprehensive research using computer processing of the data obtained.

APPROACHES TO ASSESSING THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPLEX GREEN ZONE OF THE CITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-168
Author(s):  
Ihor Kuzyk
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Ecological Group ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Green Zone ◽  
Park Area ◽  
Restricted Use ◽  
The City

In the article the system of indicators for assessing the balanced functioning of the complex green zone of the city are suggested and substantiated in accordance with the concept of sustainable development. There are distinguished three groups of criteria: ecological, social, and economical. In accordance with each group of criteria there are criteria categories suggested: bioecological, geoecological, landscape and climate-regulating - ecological group; recreational, educational-cultural, and quality of life - social group; market-based and planning - economical group. Each category corresponds to the system of indicators: 27 indicators for the ecological group criteria, 20 for social and 9 for the economical group. The suggested approach to differentiating the criteria for the assessment of the sustainable functioning of the complex green zone of the city allows to summarize and integrate the data about the green zone of the city, define its strong and weak points, and develop a plan for the management of its territories and  increase resilience to human induced pressures. The assessment of the balanced functioning of the complex green zone of Ternopil city was carried out in accordance with the functional-territorial approach. The main geospatial parameters have been defined: deficit of green planting of the forest-park area of CGZC is 614.5 ha, forestry - 2889.5 ha., the deficit of green planting of restricted use is 12 ha, green planting of special-purpose - 62.5 ha., the level of the greening of the city neighborhoods is 4.5 m2/person (at a standard of 6 m2/person). Based on the results of the functional parameters calculations it has been established that  to «provide oxygen» to the residents of Ternopil it needs to increase the area of forests in the forest-part district of CGZC by 83.5 ha to ensure the optimal indicators of recreational capacity of this area, it is essential to increase the area of parks by 90 ha and forests by 965 ha. In Ternopil, the speed of the maximum flow is 6 million m3/hour with the rainfall intensity of 55 mm/hour, while the sewerage network of the city can only handle the flow of 30 thousand m3/hour . Therefore, it could be argued that the complex green zone of Ternopil city is characterized by the imbalance of the main functional-territorial parameters and requires the implementation of the optimization measures.. Key words: sustainable development, complex green zone of the city, indicators, normative parameters, city of Ternopil.

scholarly journals Hazard indicators of urban soil contamination with polycyclic hydrocarbons on the example of monitoring results of the RUDN campus

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-130
Author(s):  
Margarita M. Redina ◽  
Alexander P. Khaustov ◽  
Xiangkai Li ◽  
Zhandos D. Kenzhin ◽  
Polina Yu. Silaeva
Keyword(s):  
Soil Contamination ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Functional Zones ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Individual

The characteristics of the hazard of urban soils pollution by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are considered: naphthalene (Naph), anthracene (An), phenanthrene (Phen), pyrene (Py), fluoranthene (Flu), chrysene (Chr), benzo(a)anthracene (BaA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbFlu), benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkFlu), dibenzo[ah]antracene (DBa), benzo[ghi]perylene (Bghi), indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene). On the example of monitoring data on the RUDN University campus and the adjacent South-West Forest Park, modern approaches to assessing the hazard of pollution levels and the environmental risk of soil pollution are demonstrated: RQ indicators, total relative toxicity in comparison to BaP, carcinogenic risk, behavior of the representative PAHs. On the basis of a critical analysis of the pollution indicators, the optimal approaches to assessing the danger of the presence of polyarenes in the soils of urban areas are demonstrated. The leading sources of pollution (influence of vehicles) were identified. Different levels of environmental hazard of polyarene soil contamination in different functional zones of the analyzed territory are demonstrated: relatively clear territory in the middle zone of the park and a specific configuration of the pollution field on the rest of the territory. The necessity of developing ecosystem standards for urban natural complexes is justified, taking into account the individual characteristics of soils, the role of soil microbiota, the specificity of the use of the territory and the characteristics of pollution sources.

scholarly journals Electoral behaviour in the Kraków metropolitan area: 1993–2011

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (35) ◽  
pp. 65-80
Author(s):  
Radosław Linkowski
Keyword(s):  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Political Change ◽  
The Political ◽  
Voting Behaviour ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Parliamentary Elections ◽  
Electoral Behaviour ◽  
The City

Abstract The purpose of the paper is to describe changes in support for the four principal political options (‘right’, ‘left’, ‘liberal’, ‘peasant’) available in the Kraków Metropolitan Area (KMA) in parliamentary elections in the period 1993–2011. The electoral behaviour of the residents of the various KMA zones became increasingly similar in the study period. The political ‘distance’ between the northern commuter zone of the KMA (part of the Russian partition in the 19th c.) and the rest of the KMA, decreased significantly. The suburban zone of Kraków also changed over the course of the study period by becoming significantly similar to the city in terms of voting behaviour. This political change was largely due to substantial social and economic changes in the rural parts of the metropolitan area. Urban areas in the KMA were much more stable in their voting patterns and tended to politically resemble one another much more than rural areas. The city of Kraków and the southern part of its commuter zone – part of the Austrian partition in the 19th c. – were characterized by fewer fluctuations in voting behaviour than the two remaining parts of the KMA.

scholarly journals Financial Tips on the Need to Identify Active Degassing Structures When Planning Territory Development Using the Functional Zoning Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Arina Vyacheslavovna Rudenko ◽  
Valeriia Valerevna Shaimardanova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Human Impact ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Active Structures ◽  
Functional Zoning ◽  
Functional Zones ◽  
Ring Structures ◽  
The City

The article demonstrates financial instructions and ring degassing structures decoded by the author's technique in the northeast and southeast of Kazan. The structures of various types were identified in areas of the territories of the Volga and Soviet districts of the city and mapped on the functional zones of Kazan of these areas. Residential areas Nagorny, Aki, Quarry of the Sovetsky district, and Mirny, Ferma-2 of the Volga district of Kazan were selected as the research territories. This matter overly helps visually identify areas of the city that are in potential jeopardy of non-human impact. The article indicates the hypothesis about the need to consider the active structures of hydrogen degassing during the development of the territory from analyzing the functional zoning scheme of the studied territory, and provides a detailed comparative analysis of the distribution of ring structures in residential and green functional zones.

scholarly journals Creation of new jobs and creativity of the urban space

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Liya Pavlova ◽  
Artem Belov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Creative Class ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Functional Zoning ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
New Jobs

Over the last decades industries, that affect human capital development, have stepped into the spotlight. Engineering companies, creative and service enterprises have assumed a crucial role in the urban economy and its potential. As for large urban agglomerations, new forms of production and creative class mobilization represent the key objectives due to the reduction or liquidation of the majority of industrial urban enterprises. Urban planning as a science is responsive to economic changes. The paradigm of functional zoning has been replaced by theories based on land use intensity, business and cultural activities of population. Hence, the idea is to ensure the polyfunctional operation of industrial, high-tech research companies in residential areas and to relocate housing to areas occupied by old industrial enterprises. In this work, the co-authors analyze the phenomenon of the location value in a modern city, regularities that govern the choice of locations for new enterprises; they also suggest approaches to the zoning of urban areas depending on their potential ability to develop new types of industrial production.

scholarly journals Integración de los servicios ecosistémicos en la planificación urbana: los ríos urbanos

2017 ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
María Perona Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Ecosystem ◽  
Urban River ◽  
Environmental Strategy ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

ResumenEsta investigación parte de la necesidad de poner el foco en los servicios que los ecosistemas pueden llegar a ofrecer en las áreas urbanas tomando en este caso, a los ríos como elemento clave en la planificación urbana. Desde este enfoque, se propone un análisis general de la relación entre el río, la ciudad y los ciudadanos, a través de las estrategias y técnicas de gestión de los entornos fluviales urbanos, los servicios ecosistémicos y el bienestar humano. Asimilando de este modo conceptos propios de la ecología y el urbanismo, y traduciéndolos a un lenguaje común y simplificado. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la integración es la hoja de ruta a seguir en el camino hacia la ciudad habitable. Palabras clave  Servicios ecosistémicos, ecosistema urbano, río urbano, estrategia hidráulica, estrategia ambiental, bienestar humanoAbstractThis part of the investigation of the need to focus on the services that ecosystems can reach urban areas, taking in this case urban rivers as an important element in urban planning. From this approach, a general analysis of the relationship between the river, the city and the citizens is proposed, through the strategies and techniques of management of urban river environments, ecosystem services and human welfare. Assimilating, in this way, concepts proper to Ecology and Urbanism, and translating them into a common and simplified language. The results obtained from the integration of the road map to follow on the way to the habitable city. KeywordsEcosystem services, urban ecosystem, urban river, hydraulic strategy, environmental strategy, human welfare

Establishment of sustainable forest park landscape (by the example of Ufa)

10.12737/6543 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-130
Author(s):  
Исяньюлова ◽  
Regina Isyanyulova ◽  
Ибатуллина ◽  
Elvira Ibatullina ◽  
Габдрахимов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Protection ◽  
Forest Landscape ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Forest Landscape Restoration ◽  
Growth And Nutrition ◽  
Successful Solution ◽  
Green Zone ◽  
A Site ◽  
The City

Forest landscape is a natural biological complex, with specific relationships of its components (nature and environment) and the appearance of the landscape. In forest park farms to generate different types of landscapes in the optimal ratio of their stands on the composition, canopy and influence the spatial placement. The successful solution of the major problems of the city woods is based on an assessment of landscape and architectural indicators and the forecast of their structure. When carrying out actions for formation of a landscape it is necessary to present accurately the design shape of a landscape formed on this site. It can be reached when all factors influencing architectural and landscape shape of a site, are revealed with sufficient completeness. There is a need of an assessment of ecological making planting and a separate tree at design and formation of a city landscape. Baseline data to determine the environmental productivity are: species, age, and height, diameter of the trunk (trunk), diameter and height of the crown, the area of leaf surface, growth, and nutrition area of the tree. It should be emphasized that further study is necessary to consider also the indicators of the sum of the quantities of climate-forming, water protection soil protection, sanitary, recreational settings. One of the main activities to increase the environmental efficiency of Parklands are landscaped logging is thinning the forests recreational purpose, aimed at the development of forest landscape restoration and enhancement of their aesthetic, recreational value and sustainability. Landscapes logging in the green zone of Ufa as noted Khayretdinov A.F. (2007) were applied as of the 60-ies of the last century, combined with cuttings, but, not having independent meaning.

scholarly journals Particulate Matter Removal Ability of Ten Evergreen Trees Planted in Korea Urban Greening

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Eon Ju Jin ◽  
Jun Hyuck Yoon ◽  
Eun Ji Bae ◽  
Byoung Ryong Jeong ◽  
Seong Hyeon Yong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Pinus Densiflora ◽  
Urban Greening ◽  
Evergreen Species ◽  
The Road ◽  
As Species ◽  
Tree Leaf ◽  
The City

Broad-leaved evergreen trees create urban forests for mitigation of climate warming and adsorption of particulate matter (PM). This study was performed to identify the species suitable for urban greening by examining the adsorption capacity of the evergreen species in urban areas in Korea, the adsorption points and the elemental composition of PM in the adsorbed tree. Leaf sampling was carried out four times (period of seven months from October 2017 to May 2018) and used after drying (period 28 to 37 days). Particulate matter (PM) was classified and measured according to size PM2.5 (0.2–2.5 μm), PM10 (2.5–10 μm), PM100 (10–100 μm). The total amount of PM adsorbed on the leaf surface was highest in Pinus densiflora (24.6 μg∙cm−2), followed by Quercus salicina (47.4 μg∙cm−2). The composition of PM adsorbed by P. densiflora is 4.0% PM2.5, 39.5% PM10 and 56.5% PM100, while those adsorbed by Q. salicina are evergreen at 25.7% PM2.5, 27.4% PM10 and 46.9% PM100. When the amount of PM adsorbed on the leaf was calculated by LAI, the species that adsorbed PM the most was P. densiflora, followed by Q. salicina, followed by Q. salicina in the wax layer, then P. densiflora. As a result of this study, the amount of PM adsorbed per unit area of leaves, and the amount of PM calculated by LAI, showed a simpler pattern. The hardwoods had a high adsorption rate of PM2.5. The adsorption ratio of ultra-fine PM2.5 by evergreen broad-leaved trees was greater than that of coniferous trees. Therefore, broad-leaved evergreens such as Q. salicina are considered very suitable as species for adsorbing PM in the city. PM2.5 has been shown to be adsorbed through the pores and leaves of trees, indicating that the plant plays an important role in alleviating PM in the atmosphere. As a result of analyzing the elemental components of PM accumulated on leaf leaves by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/ energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) analysis, it was composed of O, C, Si, and N, and was found to be mainly generated by human activities around the road. The results of this study provide basic data regarding the selection of evergreen species that can effectively remove aerial PM. It also highlights the importance of evergreen plants for managing PM pollution during the winter and provides insights into planning additional green infrastructure to improve urban air quality.

scholarly journals Analysis of Pedestrian Accidents in Irbid City, Jordan

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashar H. Al-Omari ◽  
Eman S. Obaidat
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Surface Condition ◽  
Illumination Condition ◽  
The Road ◽  
Accident Severity ◽  
Pedestrian Accidents ◽  
Sunny Weather ◽  
The City

The numbers of people who are walking and bicycling continues to increase all over the world and pedestrian accidents are becoming a serious problem in the developed and developing countries. However, the problem is more severe in the developing countries, such as Jordan where pedestrians represented 32.5% of all traffic accident fatalities and 23.8% of all traffic accident injuries during the year 2010. This study aims at analyzing pedestrian accidents in Irbid city, as an example for urban areas in Jordan, based on a total of 1090 pedestrian accidents that have occurred in the City during the three years period (1999 - 2001). The analysis was based on pedestrian characteristics, driver characteristics, accident time, accident location, weather, road surface condition, illumination condition, vehicle characteristics, speed limit, accident severity, pedestrian faults, and driver faults. Geographic Information System (GIS) tool was used to locate all pedestrian accidents over the study area. The results of the study showed that the majority of pedestrian accidents have occurred at non-intersection locations, during clear and sunny weather, on dry surface, during daylight, and at low speed limits. Also, more pedestrian accidents have occurred during the afternoons, on Thursdays, and during July. The majority of involved drivers in pedestrian accidents were males, with private license type, driving private vehicles and committed the fault of “not giving priority to pedestrians”. The majority of pedestrian victims were males, children less than 15 years old, and hit by vehicles while crossing the road.

scholarly journals Increasing level crossing safety in urban areas - Case study City of Zagreb

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Starčević ◽  
Danijela Barić ◽  
Ivan Broz
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Level Crossing ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Level Crossings ◽  
The Road ◽  
Railway Traffic ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City

Level crossings (LC’s) are one of the most dangerous points in railway traffic with frequent accidents that result in significant material damages and almost always fatalities. When level crossings are located within highly populated urban areas, they represent an even higher risk for accidents because of increased traffic volume for both the road and rail sectors. There are currently 34 level crossings in the City of Zagreb, some of which are on the roads with the highest traffic volume in the Republic of Croatia. Accident analyses on level crossings show poor traffic culture, especially pedestrians, which are intentionally disregarding traffic rules and showing poor judgment. This paper will show the existing condition and possible improvements of identified shortcomings of observed level crossings in the City of Zagreb and it will also present the existing level crossing regulations, classification, and safety on the railway network in the Republic of Croatia.

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