HIGH EFFECTIVE RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGY OF REFINING VEGETABLE OILS

Author(s):  
А.А. ЛОБАНОВ ◽  
О.С. КРУГЛАЯ ◽  
В.И. МАРТОВЩУК ◽  
Е.В. МАРТОВЩУК ◽  
М.А. СОКОЛОВА

Показано, что эффективность комплексной рафинации зависит от организации и качества первичной очистки растительных масел непосредственно после их извлечения. Предложено использовать в качестве растительного адсорбента тонкодисперсный порошок из зерен фасоли, полученный их измельчением в роторно-валковом дезинтеграторе при давлении от 50 до 60 МПа. Для эксперимента использовали нерафинированное подсолнечное прессовое масло. Обработку масла полученным органическим порошком из зерен фасоли проводили следующим образом. Масло из форпресса при температуре от 95 до 100°С смешивали в роторно-валковом дезинтеграторе с адсорбентом в количестве 0,2% от массы масла, выдерживали в экспозиторе при температуре 90°С в течение 30 мин, а затем фильтровали. Установлено, что новый адсорбент обеспечивает повышение качества масла и полностью исключает присутствие в нем нежировых примесей и хлорогеновой кислоты. Исследована возможность использования электроактивированной воды в виде католита или анолита в качестве гидратирующего реагента при гидратации растительных масел. Для получения электроактивированной воды использовали водопроводную воду с рН 7,1 и окислительно-восстановительным потенциалом Eh +1,64 мВ. Электроактивированную воду получали в периодически действующем электролизере, варьируя продолжительность электролиза от 1 до 30 мин. Проведена пробная гидратация подсолнечного масла по традиционной технологии при температуре 60°С с последовательным введением католита и анолита с общим соотношением 1 : 1 в количестве 1% к массе масла. Установлено, что гидратация активированной водой подсолнечного масла, прошедшего очистку растительным адсорбентом, обеспечивает полное удаление фосфолипидов и значительное уменьшение массовой доли красящих веществ, снижение кислотного и перекисного чисел. Разработанные технологические решения позволяют готовить растительные масла к дистилляционной рафинации при более мягких температурных режимах масла и острого перегретого пара. It is shown that the efficiency of the complex of refining depends on the organization and quality of the primary refining of vegetable oils directly after their retrieval. Is offered use as a plant adsorbent a fine powder of grain beans obtained by their grinding in a rotary roller disintegrator at a pressure of from 50 to 60 MPa. For the experiment, crude sunflower press oil was used. Oil treatment of the obtained organic powder from the grain beans was performed in the following way. The oil from forpress at a temperature of from 95 to 100°C were mixed in a rotary roller disintegrator with the adsorbent in the amount of 0,2% by weight of oil, kept in exposure at 90°C for 30 min and then filtered. It is determined that the new adsorbent improves the quality of oil and completely eliminates the presence in him of non-lipid impurities and chlorogenic acid. In the next step the possibility of using electroactivated water in the catholyte or anolyte as a hydrating agent in the hydration of vegetable oils studied. Tap water with pH 7,1 and redox potential Eh +1,64 mV were used to obtain electroactivated water. Electroactivated water was obtained in the periodically current electrolytic cell, varying the duration of electrolysis from 1 to 30 min. Trial hydration of sunflower oil by traditional technology at 60°With sequential introduction of anolyte and catholyte with a common ratio of 1 : 1 in the amount of 1% by weight of oil carried out. It is established that hydration of sunflower oil by activated water, the last clean plant adsorbent, allows a complete removal of phospholipids and a significant decrease of the mass fraction of pigments, reduction of acid and peroxide numbers. Developed technological solutions allow to cook vegetable oils by distillation refining with milder temperatures oil and sharp superheated steam.

Author(s):  
M. A. Yelubay ◽  
◽  
Orazbekuly Yerbolat ◽  
G. S. Aitkaliyeva ◽  
S. R. Massakbayeva

The paper presents the results of a study of the main characteristics of sunflower and waste sunflower oil. It is revealed that one of the main methods of their processing is esterification and transesterification with the formation of carboxylic acid esters. It is shown that the use of the two-stage method of esterification with ethyl alcohol leads to an increase in the yield of esters with improved physical properties. It was revealed that when applying the two-stage method in the presence of H2SO4 and KOH catalysts, the yield of esters from the initial sunflower oil is 94%, whereas for used oil this indicator reaches 93%, which indicates the feasibility of using the used oils as raw materials to obtain based on it higher fatty alcohols. It has been experimentally proven that the ethanol: oil ratio of 9: 1, respectively, is most optimal for producing an ester. The esterification reaction was also shown to occur at room temperature, however, with an increase in temperature to 50 ° C, after 60 minutes the yield of ester reached more than 70%, and at a temperature of 75 ° C it reached its maximum.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
Yu. V. RAGULINA ◽  

The article is devoted to the issues of placing seed production in the conditions of world export of vegetable oils. In 2019, the volume of Russian exports of sunflower oil exceeded 3 million tons for a total of $ 2,2 billion, which is about 30% of the vegetable oil produced in the country. In Russia, the main oilseeds are sunflower, rapeseed, and soy. Less common crops include oilseed flax, ginger, mustard, and safflower. It is stated that in 2001–2019, the acreage of all types of oilseeds in the country increased by more than 2 times, and the gross harvest – by 3,3 times, while the yield increased by 1,4 times.


2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Dusescu ◽  
Anca Borcea ◽  
Vasile Matei ◽  
Ion Popa ◽  
Irina Gabriela Radulescu

The present paper studies biodiesel samples preparation by transesterification and compares their physical and chemical properties (biofuels prepared from different raw materials - vegetable oils: sunflower oil, crocus oil and soya bean oil) and the biodegradability degree, as well as the possibilities of the integration of such production unit in industrial diagram of auto fuels production.


Author(s):  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Safdar Abbas ◽  
Beenish Jehan Azhar ◽  
Shakeel Ahmad ◽  
Hafsa Muhammad ◽  
...  

Background: Phytonutrients in peach fruits have health promoting antioxidants against various chronic diseases. However, there is no extensive data to show the nutritional values of Local peach cultivars after post-harvest treatments. Objective: Mainly this study was objective to determine the effect of calcium carbide on nutritional value and quality of fruits of Pakistani peach cultivars. Methods: The peach fruits were collected from three different peach orchids of KPK and the fruits were divided into 4 groups while 5th group was collected from local fruit shop. Each experimental group was treated with different concentration of calcium carbide whereas control group was not treated. The peel and pulp samples were oven dried and ground to fine powder separately. The elemental compositions were determined using Particle Induced X-ray emission and Pelletron Tandem Accelerator. Result: Sixteen elements were identified in peach fruits and the elements were Al, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Se. In peel, concentration of some elements increased or decreased after treatment with CaC2 while in pulp the conc. of nearly all detected elements was increased in treated samples. We found significantly high amount of heavy metals traces including As, Se, Co, Si, and P in peach fruits treated with CaC2. Interestingly, the presence of trichomes in peach skin prevents the transfer of these heavy metals deep into the pulp which was also verified by the elemental profiling of nectarines. Conclusion: Conclusively, the artificial ripening with CaC2 changed the nutritional value of peach fruits that has higher health risks if consume with the peel. According to our best knowledge, this is the first report that highlights the effects of CaC2 which deteriorate the nutritional value of peach fruits in Pakistan.


2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 06012
Author(s):  
Vera Demchenko ◽  
Irina Asfondiarova ◽  
Nina Katkova ◽  
Marina Ivanova ◽  
Elena Belokurova

The priority in improving the existing methods of processing fish is salting with the use of food additives with different functional orientations. The aim of the study was the development of preserves with the introduction of lactate-containing additives and using sonochemical technologies; examination of the quality of the products obtained according to organoleptic and microbiological safety indicators. The article proposes a resource-saving technology for the production of fish products with prolonged shelf life due to the use of a complex food additive consisting of lactic, acetic, propionic acids and their salts in different proportions with subsequent ultrasonic treatment using the ultrasonic generator of the Wave series model UZTA-0 2/22-OM. There was established the optimal mode of using the ultrasonic processing power of 75 W / m2 in the manufacture of fish preserves from herring. Organoleptic and microbiological quality indicators were studied during storage of preserved products with the addition of additives and ultrasonic treatment compared to the control. Organoleptic assessment was carried out on a five-point scale, microbiological indicators were studied by standard methods. The Dilactin Forte Plus dietary supplement in the composition of preserves in the amount of 3% and in combination with the use of sonochemical technologies makes it possible to obtain a safe high-quality fish product. Manufactured preserves at a storage temperature of 0 ± 2 ° C can maintain their high quality for 5 months.


Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3841
Author(s):  
Józef Ober ◽  
Janusz Karwot

Security of supply of water, which meets the quality parameters specified in applicable standards, is now the basis for the functioning of most societies. In addition to climatic, biological, chemical, and physical hazards, it is worth paying attention to consumers’ subjective perception of the quality of tap water supplied in the area of Poland. The article discusses various activities related to water resources management and analyses the results of an evaluation of selected quality parameters of tap water in Poland. A novelty on a European scale here is an examination of the evaluation of these parameters based on potential seasonal differences (spring, summer, autumn, winter). For the first time in the world literature, PROFIT analysis was used to evaluate selected parameters of tap water quality. The aim of the article was to present a model for the evaluation of the parameters of tap water supplied in different seasons of the year in Poland. Due to the complexity of the research aspects, a mixed-methods research procedure was used in which a literature review was combined with a survey and statistical analysis. For the purpose of the survey, an original survey questionnaire called “Survey of customer opinions on selected parameters of tap water supplied in Poland” was developed especially for this study. The conducted research confirmed the adopted hypothesis that the results of evaluation of selected tap water parameters vary depending on the period (spring, summer, autumn, winter) in Poland. The model developed by means of PROFIT analysis makes it possible to highlight to water suppliers the specific quality parameters in particular seasons of the year (spring, summer, autumn, winter), which may improve the quality of water supplied in Poland and thus, in the long-term perspective, increase the level of satisfaction of water recipients and confidence in drinking tap water in Poland.


2012 ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Norzita Ngadi ◽  
Hajar Alias ◽  
Siti Aktar Ishak

In this study, production of biodiesel from new and used palm and soybean oils was carried out using a transesterification method. The effect of catalyst amount used towards the percentage yield, soap content and heat of combustion of the biodiesel produced was investigated. The soap content and heat combustion of the biodiesel were determined using titration (AOCS Cc-95) and heat calorimeter bomb (ASTM D240-09), respectively. The results showed that catalyst concentration of 0.5 w/w% gave the best result in terms of yield of biodiesel produced from both palm and soybean oils. However, the quality of biodiesel (i.e. soap content and heat of combustion) produced from palm and soybean oils behaved differently towards catalyst concentration. Overall, both oils (palm and soybean), either new or used oil apparently showed no significant difference in term of yield or qualities of biodiesel produced. This indicates that the used oil has high potential as an economical and practical future source of biodiesel.


Meat Science ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halil Vural ◽  
Issa Javidipour ◽  
Ozen O. Ozbas
Keyword(s):  

2001 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Marinova ◽  
V Banskalieva ◽  
S Alexandrov ◽  
V Tzvetkova ◽  
H Stanchev

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