Tap Water Quality: Seasonal User Surveys in Poland

Security of supply of water, which meets the quality parameters specified in applicable standards, is now the basis for the functioning of most societies. In addition to climatic, biological, chemical, and physical hazards, it is worth paying attention to consumers’ subjective perception of the quality of tap water supplied in the area of Poland. The article discusses various activities related to water resources management and analyses the results of an evaluation of selected quality parameters of tap water in Poland. A novelty on a European scale here is an examination of the evaluation of these parameters based on potential seasonal differences (spring, summer, autumn, winter). For the first time in the world literature, PROFIT analysis was used to evaluate selected parameters of tap water quality. The aim of the article was to present a model for the evaluation of the parameters of tap water supplied in different seasons of the year in Poland. Due to the complexity of the research aspects, a mixed-methods research procedure was used in which a literature review was combined with a survey and statistical analysis. For the purpose of the survey, an original survey questionnaire called “Survey of customer opinions on selected parameters of tap water supplied in Poland” was developed especially for this study. The conducted research confirmed the adopted hypothesis that the results of evaluation of selected tap water parameters vary depending on the period (spring, summer, autumn, winter) in Poland. The model developed by means of PROFIT analysis makes it possible to highlight to water suppliers the specific quality parameters in particular seasons of the year (spring, summer, autumn, winter), which may improve the quality of water supplied in Poland and thus, in the long-term perspective, increase the level of satisfaction of water recipients and confidence in drinking tap water in Poland.

Download Full-text

Estimation of Tap Water Quality in Babylon Governorate /Iraq, (2017) in Accordance with CCME

International Journal of Engineering & Technology ◽

10.14419/ijet.v7i4.20.26246 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (4.20) ◽

pp. 477

Author(s):

Zahraa Ali Hammood ◽

Elaf Jassim Mahan ◽

Halah Kadhim Tayyeh

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Quality Index ◽

Tap Water ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

Study Interval ◽

Canadian Council ◽

Tap Water Quality ◽

Ccme Wqi ◽

Council Of Ministers

This research included evaluation quality of water by utilizing Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) by analyzing many chemical and physical properties of tap water (inside houses) for five regions (AL Musayab, AL Kasim, AL kifil, AL Mahawil and Hilla Center) in Babylon Governorate, Iraq. The properties included (PH, temperature, Ec, Hardness, turbidity, T.D.S, Ca, So4, Mg) through three months (January, February, and March) / 2017. The evaluated amounts of CCME WQI proved that the quality of water round five regions were good through study interval and calculated amounts of properties were in Iraqi standards of drinking water (No. 417,2001) except Ca and turbidity.

Download Full-text

The effect of the mixing of water from different sources in the water supply system on tap water quality – a full-scale technical investigation case study

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2018.075 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 303-312

Author(s):

A. Szuster-Janiaczyk ◽

J. Bylka

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Distribution System ◽

Water Distribution ◽

Tap Water ◽

Low Flow ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

Tap Water Quality ◽

The Impact ◽

Different Sources

Abstract The paper presents a detailed analysis of the quality of water pumped into a network and sampled from 39 monitoring points located on the network. A difference in the quality of water sampled from two different sources was demonstrated, as well as the impact of the mixing of the two waters in the water distribution system (WDS) on tap water quality. A mathematical model was used to identify the zones of water mixing and the areas of unfavourable hydraulic conditions (low flow rates and long retention times).

Download Full-text

An investigation of tap water quality in Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v49i1.49130 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 191-196

Author(s):

HO Salah ◽

IM Sujaul ◽

Md Abdul Karim ◽

MH Mohd Nasir ◽

A Abdalmnam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Tap Water ◽

Quality Standard ◽

Total Coliform ◽

Total Hardness ◽

Aspergillus Aculeatus ◽

Purpureocillium Lilacinum ◽

Aspergillus Sp ◽

Tap Water Quality

Assessment of the quality of tap water at Kuantan area of Pahang, Malaysia was investigated. The parameters analyzed were total coliform, Escherichia coli, pH, total hardness, sulfate, and selected heavy metal based on drinking water quality standard Malaysia and WHO. The results showed that the fungi in the tap water in Kuantan area in different concentrations were Aspergillus sp., Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Penicillium citrinum, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Cerrena sp., Aspergillus aculeatus, A. flavus, Cryptococcus sp., Cladosporium perangustum, Purpureocillium lilacinum and Candida catenulata. The residual free chlorine varied from 0.05 to 1.97 mg/l.

Download Full-text

Investigating the Impact of Anthropogenic and Natural Sources of Pollution on Quality of Water in Upper Indus Basin (UIB) by Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2019/4307251 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mansoor A. Baluch ◽

Hashim Nisar Hashmi

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Multivariate Statistical Analysis ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Anthropogenic Source ◽

Indus River ◽

Multivariate Statistical ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

The Impact

Water quality of the Indus River around the upper basin and the main river was evaluated with the help of statistical analysis. In order to analyze the similarities and dissimilarities for identifying the spatial variations in water quality of the Indus River and sources of contamination, multivariate statistical analysis, i.e., principle component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis, and descriptive analysis, was done. Data of 8 physicochemical quality parameters from 64 sampling stations belonging to 6 regions (labeled as M1, M2, M3, M4, M5, and M6) were used for analysis. The parameters used for assessing the water quality were pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), oxygen reducing potential (ORP), electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity (%), and concentration of arsenic (As) and lead (Pb), respectively. PCA assisted in extracting and recognizing the responsible variation factors of water quality over the region, and the results showed three underlying factors including anthropogenic source pollution along with runoff due to rain and soil erosion were responsible for explaining the 93.87% of total variance. The parameters which were significantly influenced by anthropogenic impact are DO, EC, TDS (negative), and concentration of Pb (positive), while the concentration of As, % salinity, and ORP are affected by erosion and runoff due to rain. The worst pollution situation for regions M1 and M6 was due to the concentration of As which was approximately 400 μg/l (i.e., 40 times higher than minimum WHO recommendation). Furthermore, the results also indicated that, in the Indus River, three monitoring stations and five quality parameters are sufficient to have a reasonable confidence about the quality of water in this most important reserve of Pakistan.

Download Full-text

Relações entre Condições Ambientais e Doenças de Veiculação Hídrica em Áreas do Assentamento Rural Serra Grande, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brasil (Relationships between environmental conditions and hydro term placement diseases in Rural Settlement ...)

Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física ◽

10.26848/rbgf.v9.6.p1677-1689 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 1677

Author(s):

Maria Tereza Duarte Dutra ◽

Juliana Lemos Da Silva ◽

Cláudia Ricardo Oliveira ◽

Marília Regina Costa Castro Lyra ◽

Suzana Maria Gico Lima Montenegro

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Local Population ◽

Poor Quality ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Rural Settlement ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Social Actors ◽

Quality Of Water

A má qualidade dos corpos de água exerce influência direta sobre a saúde da sociedade, podendo causar doenças de veiculação hídrica, que levam a morte milhões de pessoas no mundo. Neste cenário, o presente estudo objetivou identificar as relações existentes entre condições ambientais e doenças de veiculação hídrica no Assentamento Rural Serra Grande, situado na sub bacia hidrográfica do Riacho Natuba, no município de Vitória de Santo Antão, em Pernambuco. Foram escolhidas seis nascentes, fazendo-se medições de parâmetros de qualidade de água, comparando-se os resultados das análises com os padrões estabelecidos pela Resolução Conama Nº 357/05 e Portaria do Ministério da Saúde Nº 2914/11. Para identificar a ocorrência de doenças de veiculação hídrica no assentamento procedeu-se a aplicação de questionários junto à comunidade local, representantes do Posto de Saúde e da Secretaria de Saúde Municipal, abordando aspectos sobre a incidência dessas doenças e respectivos programas de saúde implementados. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que as nascentes representavam a principal fonte de água para o consumo doméstico, a irrigação e a dessedentação animal. No entanto, as análises de qualidade de água apontaram que a mesma não apresentava condições apropriadas ao consumo humano direto, requerendo prévio tratamento. Em relação ao perfil de ocorrência das doenças de veiculação hídrica, constatou-se que as verminoses e protozooses são as doenças que mais acometem a população. A B S T R A C T The poor quality of water bodies shall exercise direct influence on the health of society, causing hydro term placement diseases leading to death millions of people worldwide. In this scenario, the present study aimed to identify the relationship between environmental conditions and hydro term placement diseases in the Rural Settlement Serra Grande, located in the Sub-basin of the Natuba rivulet, in the municipality of Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernmbuco State, Brazil. Six springs were chosen for sample collections and determination of water quality parameters, comparing the results with the quality standards established by CONAMA ( Brazilian National Environmental Council) Resolution Nº 357/05 and Ordinance of the Ministry of Health (Brazil) No. 2914/11. Questionnaires were applied to local social actors: community, health and Municipal Health Secretariat, addressing aspects of water diseases and health programs implemented. The results obtained showed that the springs were the main source of water for domestic consumption, irrigation and animal watering in the studied area. However, the water quality analyses showed that these springs do not show appropriate sanitary conditions to direct human consumption, requiring treatment. In relation to the profile of hydro term placement diseases occurrence, it was observed that the worms and protozooses are the diseases that most affected the local population. Keywords: Management of water resources, quality of the water, health and environment.

Download Full-text

Water quality and management in the Australian pig industry

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an20484 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 61 (7) ◽

pp. 637

Author(s):

Louise Edwards ◽

Helen Crabb

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Management Practices ◽

Production Systems ◽

Water Source ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

Standard Quality ◽

Pig Performance ◽

The Impact

Context Water is the first nutrient and an essential component of all agricultural production systems. Despite its importance there has been limited research on water, and in particular, the impact of its availability, management and quality on production systems. Aims This research sought to describe the management and quality of water used within the Australian pig industry. Specifically, the water sources utilised, how water was managed and to evaluate water quality at both the source and the point of delivery to the pig. Methods Fifty-seven commercial piggeries across Australia participated in this study by completing a written survey on water management. In addition, survey participants undertook physical farm parameter measurements including collecting water samples. Each water sample was tested for standard quality parameters including pH, hardness, heavy metals and microbiological status. Key results Responses were received from 57 farms, estimated to represent at least 22% of ‘large’ pig herds. Bore water was the most common water source being utilised within the farms surveyed. Management practices and infrastructure delivering water from the source to the point of consumption were found to differ across the farms surveyed. Furthermore, water was regularly used as a delivery mechanism for soluble additives such as antibiotics. The quality of water at the source and point of consumption was found to be highly variable with many parameters, particularly pH, hardness, salinity, iron, manganese and microbiological levels, exceeding the acceptable standard. Conclusions In general, water quality did not appear to be routinely monitored or managed. As a result, farm managers had poor visibility of the potential negative impacts that inferior water quality or management may be having on pig production and in turn the economics of their business. Indeed, inferior water quality may impact the delivery of antibiotics and in turn undermine the industry’s antimicrobial stewardship efforts. Implications The study findings suggest that water quality represents a significant challenge to the Australian pig industry. Access to drinking water of an acceptable quality is essential for optimal pig performance, health and welfare but also to ensure farm to fork supply chain integrity, traceability and food safety.

Download Full-text

Research of tap water quality parameters in the city of kherson by chemical methods

Water bioresources and aquaculture ◽

10.32851/wba.2019.2.10 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 134-143

Author(s):

O.V. Ohrіmenko ◽

◽

T.A. Bila ◽

Ye.V. Liashenko ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Tap Water ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Water Quality Parameters ◽

Chemical Methods ◽

Tap Water Quality ◽

The City

Download Full-text

Implementation of Long-Short Term Memory Neural Network (LSTM) for Predicting The Water Quality Parameters in Sungai Selangor

Journal of Computing Research and Innovation ◽

10.24191/jcrinn.v6i4.243 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 40-49

Author(s):

Nur Natasya Mohd Anuar ◽

Nur Fatihah Fauzi ◽

Huda Zuhrah Ab Halim ◽

Nur Izzati Khairudin ◽

Nurizatul Syarfinas Ahmad Bakhtiar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Water Quality Parameters ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

Long Short Term Memory

Predictions of future events must be factored into decision-making. Predictions of water quality are critical to assist authorities in making operational, management, and strategic decisions to keep the quality of water supply monitored under specific criteria. Taking advantage of the good performance of long short-term memory (LSTM) deep neural networks in time-series prediction, the purpose of this paper is to develop and train a Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) Neural Network to predict water quality parameters in the Selangor River. The primary goal of this study is to predict five (5) water quality parameters in the Selangor River, namely Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Ammonia Nitrogen (NH3-N), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), pH, and Dissolved Oxygen (DO), using secondary data from different monitoring stations along the river basin. The accuracy of this method was then measured using RMSE as the forecast measure. The results show that by using the Power of Hydrogen (pH), the dataset yielded the lowest RMSE value, with a minimum of 0.2106 at station 004 and a maximum of 1.2587 at station 001. The results of the study indicate that the predicted values of the model and the actual values were in good agreement and revealed the future developing trend of water quality parameters, showing the feasibility and effectiveness of using LSTM deep neural networks to predict the quality of water parameters.

Download Full-text

Analisa Kandungan Merkuri (Hg) Di Wilayah Penambangan Emas Danau Payawan Desa Tumbang Panggo Kecamatan Tasik Payawan Kabupaten Katingan

PROMINE ◽

10.33019/promine.v7i2.1646 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 59-64

Author(s):

Fahrul Indrajaya ◽

Lisa Virgiyanti

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Laboratory Test ◽

Mercury Content ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Test Results ◽

Central Kalimantan ◽

River Water Samples ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

Laboratory Test Results

Field activities conducted to determine the level of mercury content in the water flow of Lake Payawan,Tumbang Panggo Village, Tasik Payawan District, Katingan Regency, Central Kalimantan Provincebased on laboratory test results to obtain the results of mercury content in upstream to downstream ofLake Payawan. From this research, it is necessary to test the quality of water in the laboratory in orderto analyze the water quality parameters so it can be known mercury content (Hg) in Lake Payawanwater flow. From the test results on 6 points river water samples in the laboratory of the IndustrialResearch and Standardization Center of Banjarbaru City showed the highest mercury content found insample number 3 with P. 2076 test code taken at the location of the middle Lake Payawan TasikPayawan District with mercury levels located At a rate of 0.069 μg / l or 0.000069 mg / l, this reflectsthe presence of other factors that may also affect the level of mercury content in Lake Payawan flow.

Download Full-text

Temporal Variation of Drinking Water Quality Parameters for Sulaimani City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

UHD Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.21928/uhdjst.v4n2y2020.pp99-106 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 99

Author(s):

Yaseen Ahmed Hamaamin ◽

Jwan Bahadeen Abdullah

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Water Samples ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Drinking Water Quality ◽

World Health ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

Physical And Chemical

Water is vital for all forms of life on earth. Assessing the quality of water especially drinking water is one of the important processes worldwide which affect public health. In this study, the quality of drinking water in Sulaimani City is monitored for a study period of 1 year. A total number of 78 water samples were collected and analyzed for 17 physical and chemical properties of water supply system to the city. Samples of water are collected from the three main sources of drinking water for Sulaimani City (Sarchnar, Dukan line-1, and Dukan line-2) from February to August 2019. The results of physical and chemical parameters of collected water samples were compared with the World Health Organization and Iraqi standards for drinking water quality. The results of this study showed that mostly all parameters were within the standards except the turbidity parameter which was exceeded the allowable standards in some cases. This research concluded that, in general, the quality of drinking water at the three main sources of Sulaimani City is suitable and acceptable for drinking.

Download Full-text