scholarly journals The Prevalence and Risk Factors for Potential Oral Malignant Disorders in a Middle Aged North Indian Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aastha Jain ◽  
Bhuvan Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Oral Submucous Fibrosis ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
P Value ◽  
North Indian Population ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Malignant Lesions

INTRODUCTION: The menace of oral cancer has become a public health concern and its prevalence is increasing with every passing day, making it the sixth most common cancer across the globe. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for potential oral malignant  disorders in a middle aged north Indian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This Cross-sectional study was carried out on 1260 individuals in Delhi and NCR. A questionnaire was created to record information about socio demographic traits, oral hygiene routines, threat associated to oral probable malignant disorders .The Oral Mucosal lesions were examined by professionals. Results. The Overall Prevalence of Potential oral malignant  disorders was found to be with oral submucous fibrosis (6.09%) found in a greater extent and erythroplakia (0.15%)found to be  lesser. RESULTS: It was documented that 11.48% of the Northern Indian Population which suffered from oral malignant lesions, with the prevalence rates of leukoplakia in 3.01%, Lichen Planus in 1.42% and lowest being erythroplakia in 0.15% of the subjects. The prevalence of oral malignant lesions  among males was found to be higher(12.8%) as compared to females p value <0.0001. No significant difference was found between categories of socio-economic status, tooth brushing methods ,brushing frequency with prevalence of oral malignant disorders CONCLUSION: The Study augments an interrelation between tobacco and areca nut consumption with oral probable malignant disorders. An interrelation of oral probable malignant disorders with diabetes and BMI was confirmed by this study.

scholarly journals Observed Risk Factors and the Prevalence of Potential Oral Malignant Lesions among a North Indian Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
Vasuda Bhagat ◽  
Mehtab Singh Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Malignant Lesions

INTRODUCTION: The menace of oral cancer has become a public health concern and its prevalence is increasing with every passing day, making it the sixth most common cancer across the globe. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for potential oral malignant disorders in a middle aged north Indian population.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adopting a Cross-sectional study design, this study examined a total of 944 participants in the Delhi-NCR region and males formed a majority of the population (569, 60.3%). Data was collected using a pre-tested and pre-validated questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was applied and the chi-squared test (for qualitative data) and independent samples t-test(for quantitative data) was applied to find out statistical differences (Using SPSS 21.0), if any.RESULTS: It was reported that 201 (21.29%) of the study population suffered from oral malignant lesions, and the most prevalent lesion was OSMF [115, 12.18%] followed by leukoplakia [49, 5.19%]. The prevalence of oral malignant lesions among males was found to be higher(18.97%) as compared to females. A significant difference was found between the oral lesions and tobacco ever and never chewers (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The results indicate a need to focus tobacco cessation programmes in the population of Delhi-NCR and reinforce it from time to time to reduce the burden of such Oral Malignant Disorders.

scholarly journals Observed Risk Factors and the Prevalence of Potential Oral Malignant Lesions among a North Indian Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
Vasuda Bhagat ◽  
Mehtab Singh Bhagat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Malignant Lesions

INTRODUCTION: The menace of oral cancer has become a public health concern and its prevalence is increasing with every passing day, making it the sixth most common cancer across the globe. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for potential oral malignant disorders in a middle aged north Indian population.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adopting a Cross-sectional study design, this study examined a total of 944 participants in the Delhi-NCR region and males formed a majority of the population (569, 60.3%). Data was collected using a pre-tested and pre-validated questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was applied and the chi-squared test (for qualitative data) and independent samples t-test(for quantitative data) was applied to find out statistical differences (Using SPSS 21.0), if any.RESULTS: It was reported that 201 (21.29%) of the study population suffered from oral malignant lesions, and the most prevalent lesion was OSMF [115, 12.18%] followed by leukoplakia [49, 5.19%]. The prevalence of oral malignant lesions among males was found to be higher(18.97%) as compared to females. A significant difference was found between the oral lesions and tobacco ever and never chewers (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The results indicate a need to focus tobacco cessation programmes in the population of Delhi-NCR and reinforce it from time to time to reduce the burden of such Oral Malignant Disorders.

scholarly journals Metabolic Risk Factors and Associated Morbidities among Adult Urban People in Pyin Oo Lwin Township

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
P Value ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Urban People

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, with insulin resistance proposed as a linking factor. It is common and is increasing in prevalence worldwide, largely attributed to increasing obesity and sedentary lifestyles, and now is both a public health and clinical problem. This community-based, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted during 2015 to identify metabolic risk factors and associated morbidities among adult urban people in Pyin Oo Lwin Township. A total of 355 participants, 94 men (26.5%) and 261 women (73.5%) were enrolled. Age distribution was from 18 to 85 years with mean of 49.98 (SD:15.22) years. Metabolic risk factors were identified according to National Cholesterol Education Programme Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) guideline. In this study, central obesity was the highest component with 145 subjects (40.8%) followed by elevated triglycerides 129(36. 3%), elevated blood pressure 104(29.3%), low HDL-cholesterols 85(23.9%), and elevated fasting glucose in only 48 individuals (13.5%). The total prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 35.2% with 26.6% in men and 38.3% in women, respectively. There were statistically significant associations above all five metabolic risk factors with metabolic syndrome (p value <0.001). Regarding its associated morbidities, ECG examinations showed normal 296 cases (83.4%) and abnormal in 59 cases (16.6%) but there was no significant difference between metabolic syndrome and abnormal ECG findings. In conclusion, this study recognizes the high prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome and can be depicted about the metabolic risks as the baseline data for implementation of further activities to reduce the incidence of non-communicable diseases.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Utero-Vaginal Prolapse in AddisAbaba, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zelalem Mekuria ◽  
Abdu Mengesha ◽  
Girma Seyoum
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Home Delivery ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Uterovaginal Prolapse ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background: Uterovaginal prolapse (UVP) is a major women’s health concern throughout the world. Globally, 2-20% of all women are affected by UVP. The mean prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse in developing countries is 19.7%. The prevalence of UVP in Ethiopia is 18.55% among all gynecological operations. UVP is a source of severe morbidity and psychological upheaval to the patient, who is often socially withdrawn and stigmatized. UVP negatively affects socioeconomic and reproductive activity of affected women. It is, therefore, of interest to study its prevalence and factors associated with the condition.Methodology: Institution-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in selected Addis Ababa city governmental hospitals and the medical record charts of women admitted in the respective gynecology wards were reviewed. The medical records included in this study were those from March 2017 to February 2019 G.C. and 400 records of admitted women were randomly selected. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 statistical package. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to determine factors associated with UVP. A p-value < 0.05 was considered as significant.Result: Out of the3,949 admitted women, the prevalence of UVP was 12.8%. The leading determinants of UVP were menopause (OR = 2.611 (at 95 % CI: 1.531, 3.838), age > 40 years (OR = 2.143 (at 95 % CI:1.496, 6.602), parity of > 4 (OR = 4.201 (at 95 % CI 1.652, 10.685), age at first delivery of < 20 years old (OR = 7.988(2.682, 23.792) and home delivery (OR = 1.380 (at 95 % CI:1.212, 2.572). Conclusion: The prevalence of UVP in this study was relatively high. The major risk factors of UVP were menopause, having > 4 deliveries, age > 40 years, age at first delivery < 20 years old and home delivery. Therefore, the findings of this investigation, especially identification of risk factors of UVP, could serve as a basis for taking steps for preventing or reducing the prevalence of UVP and related complications.

scholarly journals Perbandingan indeks massa tubuh, lingkar pinggang, dan rasio pinggang pinggul sebagai faktor risiko kanker kolorektal

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuansun Khosama ◽  
Heber B. Sapan ◽  
Jimmy Panelewen ◽  
Laurens T. B. Kalesaran
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

Abstract: Globally, colorectal cancer is the 4th cause of deaths. Risk factors of colorectal cancer are divided into modified and unmodified; obesity is one of the modified factors. It is accepted that insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction act as a link between obesity and colorectal cancer. Distribution of fat tissue in Asian including Indonesian differs from that in Western people. Although of the same body mass index (BMI), Asian have higher fat tissue level than the Westerns. Body fat tissue can be measured by using BMI, waist circumference (WC), and waist-hip ratio (WHR). Acurate anthropometric measurements play some important roles in prevention of colorectal cancer. This study aimed to compare the three anthropometric parameters in colorectal cancer patients. This was a descriptive analytical study with a cross sectional design. Subjects were colorectal patients admitted to Surgery Department of Sam Ratulangi University Manado and its collaborationg hospitals from June 2015 to December 2015. There were 33 colorectal cancer patients in this study consisted of 22 males and 11 females. The ages ranged from 27 years to 77 years. The sensitivity result was as follows: BMI 33.3%, WC 51%, and WHR 42%, meanwhile the specifity result was 75.80%; 60.60%; and 60.60% respectively. The X2 test showed a P value of 0.327. Conclusion: Statistically, BMI, WC, and WHR showed no significant difference as the risk factors of colorectal cancer. However, the three parameters have to be used together to detect the accumulation of body fat tissue. It is suggested that the detection has to be applied in primary health care to diminish the colorectal cancer risk.Keywords: colorectal cancer, BMI, WC, WHRAbstrak: Kanker kolorektal (KKR) merupakan penyebab kematian keempat terbanyak di dunia. Secara garis besar faktor risiko KKR terbagi atas yang tidak dapat dimodifikasi dan yang dapat dimodifikasi, salah satunya ialah obesitas. Resistensi insulin dan disfungsi metabolik menjadi penghubung antara obesitas dan karsinoma kolorektal. Distribusi lemak tubuh pada orang Asia, termasuk Indonesia, berbeda dengan distribusi lemak tubuh pada orang Barat. Pada indeks massa tubuh (IMT) yang sama, orang Asia memiliki kadar lemak tubuh yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan orang Barat. Kadar lemak tubuh dapat dinilai melalui pengukuran IMT, lingkar pinggang (LP), dan rasio pinggang-pinggul (RPP). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan ketiga parameter ukuran antropometri tubuh pada pasien KKR. Penentuan patokan antropometri tubuh yang tepat membantu tindakan preventif KKR. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Subyek penelitian ialah pasien KKR yang dirawat di Bagian Bedah Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado dan RS jejaringnya sejak bulan Juni 2015-Desember 2015. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 33 pasien KKR (22 laki-laki dan 11 perempuan). Usia pasien berkisar 27-77 tahun. Sensitivitas IMT ialah 33,3%; LP 51%; dan RPP 42%, sedangkan spesifisitas berturut-turut ialah 75,80%; 60,60%; dan 60,60%. Uji X2 mendapatkan nilai P = 0,327. Simpulan: IMT, LP, dan RPP secara statistik tidak menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna sebagai faktor risiko KKR. Ketiganya harus diukur bersama-sama untuk mendeteksi akumulasi lemak tubuh. Disarankan deteksi harus dimulai di pelayanan primer untuk mengurangi risiko KKR.Kata kunci: KKR, IMT, LP, RPP

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Typhoid Fever in Children Attending “Deo Gratias” Hospital in Douala, Littoral Region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teh Exodus Akwa ◽  
Nguimbous Simone
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Typhoid fever is a communicable disease transmitted by the bacteria Salmonella typhi, related to serotype paratyphi A, B and C. The disease is of a significant health concern in most developing countries especially Cameroon. Objectives: The study aimed at determining the prevalence and associated risk factors of typhoid fever in children ( 0-18 years) attending the &ldquo;Deo Gratias&rdquo; hospital in Douala. Method: A hospital base cross sectional study from August to September 2018 was carried out in patients&rsquo; age 0-18 years suffering from typhoid fever at the Deo gratias Catholic hospital. Widal slide agglutination test was the diagnostic test used. Positive tested patients were administered questionnaires to evaluate the level of knowledge, attitude and practice toward the disease, as well as their self-management abilities. Data obtained from respondents was analysed by descriptive statistics. One-way ANOVA and means comparison using Tukey&rsquo;s test (&alpha; = 0.05) was performed to check whether the population of respondents differed significantly across risk factor practices. Results were finally presented on bar charts, tables and pie chart. Results: Typhoid fever was more prevalent in females (52.3%) than in males (47.7%), with a high proportion in the ages 5-9 years (38.6%). A significant difference was observed in population of respondents across risk factor practices. Conclusion: Water quality have a great impact on the burden of typhoid fever among children. The identification of risk factors associated to the disease is of great importance in the development of rational control strategies of the disease.

scholarly journals A Traditional and Complementary Medicine (T&CM) Use and Its Association with Diabetic Control among Diabetic Patient in SingleCenter

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Al-Baqlish ◽  
Nurain Zainab Zainal Abidin ◽  
Nur Syahirah Abdul Rahim ◽  
Nur Tasnem Binti Rusdi ◽  
Ridzuan Said
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Complementary Medicine ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is a major global health concern worldwide with increasing trend as reported in the National Health Morbidity Survey 2015. Due to the fact that diabetes mellitus is a life long chronic illness and incurable, it contributes to the increased tendency of seeking Traditional  Complementary Medicine (TCM). The objective of this study is to measure the prevalence of CM use among diabetic patients and its association with diabetic control. Materials and Method:  A cross-sectional study was performed at Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, between July to August 2018. 136 Type II adult diabetic patients in medical ward and diabetic clinic were interviewed regarding the use of CM, and their blood investigations results were collected from patients' medical records. A data collection form was used as the study instrument. Descriptive statistic was used to measure the prevalence while Fisher exact test and Independent t-test were used to find associations between CM usage with study background and diabetic control. Results: Low prevalence of Traditional  Complementary Medicine use (16.9%) was found with retired group of respondents was identified to be the predominant group (p-value=0.025). Majority of patients used CM as an additional treatment for diabetes (60.9%). Friends, family members and advertisement were the main influential factors in starting and using CM. A significant difference in eGFR value was reported between inpatient and outpatient CM users with a p-value of 0.001. No positive association was observed for HbA1c level. Conclusion: 1 in every 6 diabetic patients in HTAA, Kuantan were using Traditional Complementary Medicine along with conventional diabetic medications in which retirees were the major group identified. eGFR was the diabetic control parameter that had been found to have a significant association with diabetic inpatients and outpatient CM users in this study.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Lip Position in Esthetically Pleasing Profiles Using Different Reference Lines: A Photographic Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 030157422096030
Author(s):  
Shweta Pandey ◽  
Sudhir Kapoor ◽  
Sonahita Agarwal ◽  
Ivy Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
North India ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
North Indian Population ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this article is to assess the lip position using five different reference lines in individuals with a pleasing profile. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample size of 200 subjects chosen from the local North Indian population. Non-growing subjects, between the age group of 18 years and 25 years with a pleasing facial profile were screened for the study via a questionnaire-based method to confirm their North Indian ancestry (history of past two generations from North India). All subjects included in the study gave their due consent to be a part of the study. The following conclusions were derived: 1. Norms for the horizontal lip position were derived for the North Indian population. 2. Upper lip position in relation to S1 (Steiner’s) line and Ricketts’ E line showed females having protrusive lips, while S2 (Sushner’s) line showed protrusive upper lip in males. 3. S1 (Steiner’s) line, showing protrusive lower lip in females. 4. The norms derived in this study showed statistically significant difference with retrusive upper and lower lips when compared to normative values of Ricketts’ E plane and retrusive lower lip when compared to normative values of Sushner’s line. 5. Sushner’s S2 line showed the maximum stability and consistency; hence, it is the line of choice to judge the sagittal lip positions in profile analysis.

scholarly journals Stroke Recurrence Based on Stroke Prognosis Instrument II (SPI-II) and the Attackumber of Stroke

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Antika Rizki Kusuma Putri ◽  
Listian Prisilia Rahayu ◽  
Elis Nurhayati Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Recurrent Events ◽  
Recurrent Stroke ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Stroke Recurrence ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Stroke is increasing every year so the risk of recurrent stroke is also increasing, the more risk factors they have, the higher the likelihood of recurring strokes. if a recurring attack occurs, the condition can be more severe than the first attack, generally occurs in patients who lack self-control and low level of awareness. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the risk factors of stroke recurrence base on SPI-II. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study with 274 strokes patients as samples. The samples were recruited from one of general hospital specialize in neurology disorders in Jakarta, Indonesia. Results:The result of this study indicated a significant difference in risk factor score between primary attack group and recurrence stroke (p-value<0.05). Simple linear regression showed that incidence of stroke attack has a positive correlation to the risk of stroke recurrent events (B= 3.484). Conclusion: The attacks number of strokes has a positive correlation with risk of recurrence stroke. Nurses must be aware when doing the discharge planning for recurrent stroke patient. Monitoring and controlling the risk factors on community setting is an important thing to have known by nurses.

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