scholarly journals Worksite hypertension as a model of stress-induced arterial hypertension

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
O D Ostroumova ◽  
A I Kochetkov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Job Strain ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Β Blocker

The review presents a modern view on stress as a risk factor for the development of arterial hypertension (AH). A variety pathogenic mechanisms responsible for increase of blood pressure during stress exposure are described in detail. The importance of the sympathetic activation as a key link in the development of stress-induced AH and initiation of a cascade of pathophysiological reactions that realize their adverse effects at the level of the whole organism is underlined. Particular attention is paid to worksite AH as a variant of stress-induced hypertension due to its wide prevalence and association with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications, primarily myocardial infarction and stroke. Epidemiological data and results of recent metanalysis are presented, indicating the high significance of job strain as a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events. The actual psychological stress reduction programs are described. Possibilities of using β-blockers in patients with stress-induced hypertension as drugs affecting the central pathogenetic trigger of this disease are considered. The advantages of using bisoprolol as a highly selective β-blocker are considered taking into account the available body of evidence for its effectiveness in patients with worksite AH, as well as its metabolic neutrality and target-organ protective properties.

scholarly journals Masked arterial hypertension: prevalence, pathophysiological determinants and clinical significance

2019 ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
В. I. Geltser ◽  
V. N. Kotelnikov ◽  
О. О. Vetrova ◽  
R. S. Karpov
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Hypertension Prevalence ◽  
Rational Pharmacotherapy ◽  
Maximum Reduction ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Rf Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Water Salt ◽  
Hemostatic Disorders

In most modern studies, masked arterial hypertension (MAH) is characterized as a poorly diagnosed, latent clinical condition predisposing to subclinical damage to target organs and an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. The prevalence of MAH among the population depends on gender, age, anthropometric and socioeconomic factors, profession, race and other characteristics. The most important risk factors (RF) of MAH and its pathophysiological determinants include genetic polymorphism, subclinical non-specific inflammation, hemostatic disorders, obesity, metabolic syndrome, water-salt imbalance, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia. A defined value has latent dysfunction of the mechanisms that provide circulatory homeostasis, the detection of which is possible by the hemodynamic response to psycho-emotional, hypoxic, hypocapnic, orthostatic effects. Aggressiveness of RF exposure and the consequences of their implementation are evaluated by the rate of development of cardiovascular events and mortality, which indicate an unfavorable prognosis of “uncontrolled” MAH. The maximum reduction of the RF effects and rational pharmacotherapy can significantly improve its clinical prospects.

scholarly journals The hardness of the vessel wall in patients with arterial hypertension

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
O D Ostroumova ◽  
A I Kochetkov ◽  
I I Kopchenov ◽  
T F Guseva ◽  
O V Bondarec
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Difference

The article deals with the role of the hardness of the vessel wall in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension and its complications and cardiovascular mortality. We discussed the factors increasing the hardness of the vessel wall, such as age, blood pressure level, atherosclerosis, smoking and diabetes mellitus. We showed the indicators reflecting the status of the vascular wall and which could play a role of markers of increased risk of cardiovascular complications. We reviewed the data concerning the improvement of the parameters of the hardness of the vessel wall under the influence of antihypertensive therapy using the angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker - candesartan. We discussed the possible mechanisms of the candesartan influence on the elastic properties of the vessels. We stressed that the effect on the hardness of the arteries on using antihypertensive drugs, even within the same class, was different, which, apparently, was associated with the difference in the pharmacokinetic properties.

The role of physical factors of the working environment in the formation of arterial hypertension

2020 ◽  
pp. 692-693
Author(s):  
A. V. Melentev ◽  
P. V. Serebryakov
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Noise And Vibration ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Influence Of Noise

The influence of noise and vibration on the development of arterial hypertension in workers employed in adverse working conditions was studied. It is shown that these physical factors of the working environment make a significant contribution to the formation of an increased risk of cardiovascular complications

scholarly journals Smoking is associated with mosaic loss of chromosome Y

Science ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 347 (6217) ◽  
pp. 81-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan P. Dumanski ◽  
Chiara Rasi ◽  
Mikael Lönn ◽  
Hanna Davies ◽  
Martin Ingelsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Chromosome Y ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Preventable Risk Factor ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Human Mutation ◽  
Dose Dependent

Tobacco smoking is a risk factor for numerous disorders, including cancers affecting organs outside the respiratory tract. Epidemiological data suggest that smoking is a greater risk factor for these cancers in males compared with females. This observation, together with the fact that males have a higher incidence of and mortality from most non–sex-specific cancers, remains unexplained. Loss of chromosome Y (LOY) in blood cells is associated with increased risk of nonhematological tumors. We demonstrate here that smoking is associated with LOY in blood cells in three independent cohorts [TwinGene: odds ratio (OR) = 4.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.8 to 6.7; Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men: OR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.6 to 3.6; and Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors: OR = 3.5, 95% CI = 1.4 to 8.4] encompassing a total of 6014 men. The data also suggest that smoking has a transient and dose-dependent mutagenic effect on LOY status. The finding that smoking induces LOY thus links a preventable risk factor with the most common acquired human mutation.

scholarly journals Racial Disparities in Cardiovascular Complications With Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension in the United States

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anum S. Minhas ◽  
S. Michelle Ogunwole ◽  
Arthur Jason Vaught ◽  
Pensee Wu ◽  
Mamas A. Mamas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Asian Pacific

Women with pregnancy-induced hypertension, defined as gestational hypertension and preeclampsia/eclampsia, are at increased risk of long-term cardiovascular disease, but less is known about the spectrum of acute cardiovascular outcomes, especially across racial/ethnic groups. We evaluated the risk of cardiovascular events at delivery associated with gestational hypertension and preeclampsia/eclampsia, compared with no pregnancy-induced hypertension, overall and by race/ethnicity. We used the 2016 to 2018 National Inpatient Sample data. International Classification of Diseases , Tenth Revision , Clinical Modification codes identified delivery hospitalizations and clinical diagnoses. Using survey weights, cardiovascular events were examined using logistic regression by pregnancy-induced hypertension status, with subsequent stratification by race/ethnicity. Among 11 304 996 deliveries in 2016 to 2018, gestational hypertension occurred in 614 995 (5.4%) and preeclampsia in 593 516 (5.2%). Black women had higher odds for preeclampsia independent of underlying comorbidities (adjusted odds ratio, 1.45 [95% CI, 1.42–1.49]) and had the highest rates for several complications (peripartum cardiomyopathy, 506; heart failure, 660; acute renal failure, 953; and arrhythmias, 418 per 100 000 deliveries). After adjustment for socioeconomic factors and comorbidities, preeclampsia/eclampsia was associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events in women of all races/ethnicities. However, risk was highest among Asian/Pacific Islander women and lowest among Black women. In sum, while Black women were the most likely to experience preeclampsia, Asian/Pacific women were the most at risk for acute cardiovascular complications during delivery hospitalization.

scholarly journals Management of patients with arterial hypertension and atrial fibrillation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-128
Author(s):  
Irina E. Chazova ◽  
Sergei P. Golitsyn ◽  
Juliya V. Zhernakova ◽  
Ekaterina A. Zheleznova ◽  
Ekaterina S. Kropacheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Electrophysiological Properties ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Selection Of

Arterial hypertension (AH) is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease as well as it is the most common, independent and potentially reversible risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF). AH contributes to the occurrence and maintenance of AF due to hemodynamic disorders, alterations in cardiomyocyte electrophysiological properties and structural remodeling in the atria. AF, which is also associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, is the most common arrhythmia. AH and AF often coexist, and their prevalence increases with age. This consensus provides the key features of the management of patients with these nosological units. The pathogenesis, risk stratification, and features of the selection of antihypertensive, antiarrhythmic and antithrombotic therapy are described in detail.

scholarly journals Risk Factors of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Its Relationship With Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changrong Nie ◽  
Changsheng Zhu ◽  
Minghu Xiao ◽  
Zhengyang Lu ◽  
Qiulan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PH) is a common complication in patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (OHCM). The risk factor of PH in patients with OHCM has not been fully elucidated, and even atrial fibrillation (AF) was considered a risk factor of PH. Thus, our study aimed to investigate risk factors of PH and the relationship between PH and AF in patients with OHCM.Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 483 consecutive patients diagnosed with OHCM at Fuwai Hospital (Beijing, China) from January 2015 to December 2017. Clinical and echocardiographic parameters were compared between patients with and without PH.Results: Eighty-two (17.0%) patients were diagnosed with PH in this study. Compared to patients without PH, those with PH were significantly older, had a lower body mass index (BMI), were more likely to be female and more symptomatic [New York Heart Association Class 3 or 4 symptoms], and had a higher AF prevalence. A multivariate analysis indicated that AF was an independent risk factor of PH (odds ratio [OR] 2.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03–5.20, p = 0.042). Moreover, PH was independently associated with a higher AF incidence after adjusting for age and left atrial diameter (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.07–4.72, p = 0.034).Conclusion: AF was independently associated with PH in patients with OHCM. Further, PH was significantly associated with an increased risk of AF, which suggested that AF could aggravate PH and that PH may promote AF processes, forming a vicious circle.

scholarly journals Risk of target organ damage in patients with arterial hypertension and various numbers of metabolic syndrome components

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Yu V Zhernakova ◽  
G Kh Sharipova ◽  
I E Chazova
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Target Organ Damage ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Target Organ ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome Components

The metabolic syndrome is one of most socially significant and strategic problems of clinical medicine. It is known that metabolic syndrome promotes earlier and more expressed target organ damage in patients with arterial hypertension. However, correlation of the number of metabolic syndrome components with target organ damage, selection of metabolic syndrome components, influencing expressiveness on target organ damage, are studied insufficiently. In this study it is determined that with the elevating number of the metabolic syndrome components, the frequency and expressiveness of heart, kidney and vessel damage, accompanied by the increased risk of development of cardiovascular complications, increase in patients with the maximum number of the metabolic syndrome components. Moreover, it is revealed that the relative risk of simultaneous damage of heart, kidneys and vessels in patients with arterial hypertension and metabolic syndrome, apart from high blood pressure and abdominal obesity is associated with the increase of fasting glucose level.

scholarly journals Job strain as a risk factor for clinical depression: systematic review and meta-analysis with additional individual participant data

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1342-1356 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. E. H. Madsen ◽  
S. T. Nyberg ◽  
L. L. Magnusson Hanson ◽  
J. E. Ferrie ◽  
K. Ahola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Job Strain ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Depression ◽  
Individual Participant Data ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Individual Participant

BackgroundAdverse psychosocial working environments characterized by job strain (the combination of high demands and low control at work) are associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms among employees, but evidence on clinically diagnosed depression is scarce. We examined job strain as a risk factor for clinical depression.MethodWe identified published cohort studies from a systematic literature search in PubMed and PsycNET and obtained 14 cohort studies with unpublished individual-level data from the Individual-Participant-Data Meta-analysis in Working Populations (IPD-Work) Consortium. Summary estimates of the association were obtained using random-effects models. Individual-level data analyses were based on a pre-published study protocol.ResultsWe included six published studies with a total of 27 461 individuals and 914 incident cases of clinical depression. From unpublished datasets we included 120 221 individuals and 982 first episodes of hospital-treated clinical depression. Job strain was associated with an increased risk of clinical depression in both published [relative risk (RR) = 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.47–2.13] and unpublished datasets (RR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.04–1.55). Further individual participant analyses showed a similar association across sociodemographic subgroups and after excluding individuals with baseline somatic disease. The association was unchanged when excluding individuals with baseline depressive symptoms (RR = 1.25, 95% CI 0.94–1.65), but attenuated on adjustment for a continuous depressive symptoms score (RR = 1.03, 95% CI 0.81–1.32).ConclusionsJob strain may precipitate clinical depression among employees. Future intervention studies should test whether job strain is a modifiable risk factor for depression.

DEFINITION OF VASICULAR AGE AS A RISK FACTOR FOR CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Д.А. КАПСУЛТАНОВА ◽  
А.М. ЗКРИНА ◽  
Н.М. САБЫР ◽  
А.Е. БАЙМОЛДА ◽  
М.Н. КАДЫРЖАНОВ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Vascular Age ◽  
Definition Of

По данным ВОЗ с каждым годом частота сердечнососудистых осложнении (ССО) увеличивается. На это воздействуют множество факторов, немаловажным среди которых является недооцененный риск ССО пациентами. Так как разное понимание степени риска приводит к различной приверженности к лечению. Для интерпретации риска в более понятную как для врача, так и для пациента форму, составили различные методы оценки риска. Одним из методов является определение сосудистого возраста. Данная статья изучает сосудистый возраст, 5летний риск развития сердечнососудистых осложнений (ССО), коэффициент атерогенности и скорость клубочковой фильтрации (СКФ) у пациентов, страдающих артериальной гипертензией (АГ), с наличием и отсутствием нефропатии. According to the WHO, the frequency of cardiovascular complications (CVD) increases every year. This is influenced by many factors, not least of which is the underestimated risk of CVD by patients. Since different understanding of the degree of risk leads to different adherence to treatment. To interpret the risk in a more understandable form for both the doctor and the patient, various methods of risk assessment were developed. One of the methods is to determine the vascular age. This article examines vascular age, 5-year risk of cardiovascular complications (CVD), atherogenicity coeficient, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in patients with arterial hypertension (AH), with and without nephropathy

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