scholarly journals To assess the knowledge, attitude and behaviour on dog bites and its management in the prevention of rabies among general population in an urban area in Tamil Nadu

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL2) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Sruthi N Anandhan ◽  
Shiny Chrism Queen Nesan G ◽  
Charumathi B ◽  
Timsi Jain
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dog Bites ◽  
The People ◽  
Behaviour Study ◽  
The Masses

Rabies is a major health issue in the urban areas where there are many free roaming dogs. The absence of knowledge among people regarding the management of dog bites results in increased death due to rabies. Myths and indigenous methods have a greater influence on people than the available vaccines with proven efficacy. Rabies is a 100% fatal disease that can be prevented by timely intervention. Knowledge, attitude and practice among the people play an important role in reducing death due to rabies.So this study aims to assess and evaluate the knowledge, attitude and behaviour on dog bites and its management in the prevention of rabies among general population. A Pretested questionnaire regarding the knowledge, attitude and behaviour on dog bites and it management, containing 34 questions, was used. A cross sectional descriptive study was performed on 205 residents of an urban area (Thirumazhisai) in Tamil Nadu. The data obtained was analysed using SPSS10. A total of 205 subjects were studied. 52 subjects had heard of rabies and knew that it could be spread by animal bite. Regarding the animals that could spread rabies, 52 subjects reported dogs to be the most common source, the second commonest response being cats (24 subjects). Knowledge, attitude and behaviour study suggests that there is need to create awareness amongst the masses regarding epidemiology of the disease and merits of prompt and appropriate post exposure treatment.

Assessment of Stature from Hand Span - A Cross Sectional Descriptive Investigation among Undergraduate Medical Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 577-582
Author(s):  
Mani Kathapillai
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Span Length ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Hand Size ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Hand Length

BACKGROUND Hand size measurements are commonly used references when instruments are not available and still practiced in rural and even in urban areas of Tamil Nadu. Ancient literature evidences have adequate support for their usage. We wanted to correlate hand span length, hand breadth, and hand length with the stature of an individual. We also wanted to compare the level of correlation of hand span length between males and females. METHODS 214 students were recruited for this study as a convenient sample size. Male students were 122, females were 92. They were aged between 18 - 23 years of Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute. Hand span is the distance between tips of the casually extended pollex and minimus. RESULTS The results of Pearson’s correlations were moderately significant between height and the hand breadth (0.315), between height and weight (0.340), and between height and hand length (0.387). The extent of correlation was significant between height and the hand span (0.954) in case of males. In case of females, value of the correlation was also moderately significant between height and the hand breadth (0.619), between height and weight (0.392), between height and hand length (0.515) and between height and the hand span (0.973). CONCLUSIONS The stature was reliably estimated from the hand span length, and the same could be applied for the medicolegal, and forensic purposes. KEY WORDS Hand Span, Stature, Medico Legal, Anthropometry

scholarly journals Women are more likely to expect social sanctions for open defecation: Evidence from Tamil Nadu India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyi Kuang ◽  
Sania Ashraf ◽  
Alex Shpenev ◽  
Maryann G. Delea ◽  
Upasak Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Open Defecation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Peer Monitoring ◽  
Social Sanctions ◽  
Field Evidence ◽  
Desirable Behavior

Social sanctions can be effective for sustaining beneficial norms by harnessing the power of social pressure and peer monitoring. Yet, field evidence regarding how norms might be linked to perceived risk of sanction is limited. In this study, we focused on communities located in peri-urban areas of Tamil Nadu, India, and examined how people’s perceived prevalence of a socially desirable behavior (i.e., toilet use) relates to the perceived risk of sanctions for deviating from this behavior (i.e., open defecation) in the sanitation domain. Cross-sectional data from 2427 participants in 75 communities revealed that the majority (77%, n = 1861) perceived the risk of informal sanctions related to open defecation. Among those, verbal reprimand was the most common (60%), followed by advice (30%) and gossip (7%). Results from multilevel logistic regression indicated that those who believed toilet use was prevalent in their community were more likely to perceive the risk of social sanctions for open defecation. Moderation analysis revealed that this relationship was robust among women, but attenuated among men. Our findings suggest that women are more likely to expect social sanctions if they deviate from what is perceived as the prevalent sanitation behavior (e.g., toilet use) in their community. Open defecation practices are known to cause psychosocial stress among women due to their experiences with sanitation insecurity, which may include fear of disapproval from community members. Our results highlight the need for gendered intervention strategies when sanitation programs leverage social influence for behavior change.

scholarly journals An assessment of utilization of postnatal care services in urban area Jabalpur district

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3660
Author(s):  
Dhruvendra Pandey ◽  
Priyanka Meshram ◽  
Arvind Sharma ◽  
Rajesh Tiwari ◽  
P. K. Kasar
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Postnatal Care ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Postnatal Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Registration

Background: Postnatal period is a vulnerable time, because most maternal and new born deaths occur during this period, especially immediately after childbirth. Postnatal care in the first hours and days after childbirth could prevent the great majority of these deaths. The objective of study was to assess the utilization of post-natal care and associated factors for low utilization in urban area of Jabalpur district.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried 360 mothers who delivered in last one year in urban area of Jabalpur district. Sampling method was multistage sampling method. A total 36 wards with 10 mothers from each ward was selected. The questionnaire included information related to mode of delivery, post-natal checkups and visits of health care providers.Results: Among 360 mothers, 93.9% mothers received first postnatal check-up within 24 hrs. 1.11% of mothers between 2-3 days and 1.67% of mothers received first postnatal check-up between 4-7 days while 3.33% of mothers didn’t receive any postnatal check-up. Regarding number of post-natal visits, 58.33% mothers received 3 or more postnatal visits, 35% of mother received 2 PNC visits, while 3.3% did not receive a single postnatal visit. The education of mothers, joint type of family, high socioeconomic status, early registration of pregnancy, minimum 4 ANC visits and institutional deliveries were found significantly associated with utilization of postnatal check-up.Conclusions: Utilization of postnatal services is still poor in the urban areas even though the physical accessibility was adequate. In the present study, it was concluded that the role of education, especially of female education, is important contributing factor associated with utilization of postnatal care.

scholarly journals A community-based cross-sectional study on the nutritional status of children less than 5 years of age using Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure in a semi-urban area of northern Tamil Nadu

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL2) ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
Anuhya B ◽  
Nisha B ◽  
Ruma Dutta ◽  
Timsi Jain
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

Malnutrition among under-five children is a major public health problem all around the world. About more than 30% of the malnutrition world-wide is prevalent in southern Asia, a significant proportion of which is contributed by India. It is well known that malnutrition is frequently a part of a vicious cycle that includes poverty and infections, which can last a life-time and may also affect the next generations. This study aims to assess the nutritional status of children less than 5 years in a semi-urban area of Tamil Nadu using a composite index of anthropometric failure. A cross-sectional community-based study was undertaken among 168 children and anthropometric measurements were taken. Using conventional Z score indicators, 22.62% of the children were found to be stunted, 43.45% of the children were underweight and wasting was found in 45.83% of the children. Whereas using CIAF, the results were found to be 38.69% (no failure), 11.90% (Only wasting), 23.21% (Wasting and underweight), 11.31% (Wasting, underweight and Stunting), 6.55% (Stunting and underweight) 5.36% (Only stunting) and 2.98% (Only underweight). There was an unacceptably high prevalence of malnutrition among under-five children. Therefore, using CIAF showed better classification of undernutrition than conventional indicators. Also, health institutions at all levels should integrate nutrition as a health component and there is a need to educate the parents to provide age-appropriate energy-rich, locally available and nutritionally balanced food items. Accelerating the reduction in under-5 mortality is possible by expanding effective preventive and curative interventions that target the main causes of undernutrition. This will, in the long run, help in making this nation healthier, stronger, and more prosperous.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAMILY FUNCTION AND ADOLESCENT AUTONOMY IN THE RURAL AND URBAN AREA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Mulyati Mulyati ◽  
Kenty Martiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Family Characteristics ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family Function ◽  
Adolescent Autonomy

<p>This study aims to analyze the function of families in urban and rural areas as well as its relationship with adolescent autonomy by using cross sectional study method. The data collection time was conducted in September 2016. By proportional random sampling method, there were 72<br />samples at SMPN 2 Bogor (representing urban area) and 72 people at SMPN 2 Parung (representing rural area). Research data includes family characteristics, family functions divided into 3 dimensions (10 sub-scales) and adolescent autonomy consisting of 3 dimensions (value, emotional and behavioral). To see the correlation, the Pearson Correlation test was used and to see<br />differences in family function characteristics and gender-based autonomy was seen by the Independent T-test differential test. The results showed that the average score of family function in urban areas was 118.44, while in rural areas 121.12. This shows the function of families in rural<br />areas better than in urban areas. The average score of urban adolescent autonomy is 81.21, while in rural areas it is 77.29. This difference is significant at 99% confidence level. Adolescent autonomy is positively correlated with family function of personal growth dimension with correlation coefficient of 0.207 (at 95% confidence level). This shows that the better family<br />function then the better the adolescent autonomy.</p>

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and behaviour study of vitiligo among general population

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-231
Author(s):  
Sivaramakrishnan Sangaiah ◽  
N Ashok Kumar ◽  
Abhinesh N ◽  
Sukanya G
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Skin Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Ethical Committee Approval ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Behaviour Study ◽  
Destruction Of Melanocytes

Vitiligo is an acquired skin disorder caused due to destruction of melanocytes which clinically presents with well defined depigmented macules and patches with or without white hairs. The present study is an attempt to document the prevalent knowledge and attitude in the general public regarding this disease and to identify the determinants of good/poor knowledge and attitude. To assess Knowledge, attitude and behaviour study of vitiligo among general population attending skin outpatient department (OPD) of Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai. This was a cross sectional study, which was conducted at dermatology OPD in Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai 2021 after ethical committee approval. About 80 patients attending OPD were included in study to whom questionnaire was asked and data was collected and analysed.

scholarly journals Does Rural to Urban Migration Improves Indian Women's Health Status and Knowledge of AIDS

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutapa Agrawal ◽  
Praween Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Condition Of Women

The present paper explores the effect of patterns and duration of migration upon health and morbidity condition of women and knowledge and awareness of AIDS. Cross-sectional data from India's second National Family Health Survey (NFHS-2, 1998-99) is used for this study. Analysis is based on 73,558 women age 15-49 years who belonged to different streams of migration. Bivariate as well as multivariate techniques have been used for data analysis.Women migrating towards rural area are more underweight than migrating towards urban area whereas reverse for overweight. However, women migrating from rural to rural area were more anaemic than women migrating from rural to urban area. Significant differences were also found for morbidity conditions like Asthma, Tuberculosis, Jaundice, Malaria and some reproductive health problems according to streams of migration. Knowledge of AIDS also significantly differs according to the stream and duration of migration. We found stream of migration and duration of migration plays a key role in health, morbidity condition and knowledge of AIDS among women. Therefore, quality of health care in urban areas should be more widely disseminated in rural areas to improve the health status of women. Also the information-education-communication (IEC) programmes related to AIDS should be made more strengthened and effective through television, radio and also through the school teachers to reach the rural masses in India.

scholarly journals Knowledge attitude and practices about cervical cancer among urban women working in BPO in Chennai, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1252
Author(s):  
Nilofur Banu ◽  
Azarudheen S.
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Hpv Vaccination ◽  
Urban Women ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Worldwide cervix cancer ranks fourth place among all the cancer affecting women and commonest cause of death due to cancer among women in developing countries. Business process outsourcing sector in India is a relatively new industry with each growth there is also various negative health issue emerge among people working in those sectors some risk factors associated with ca cervix. Aim of the study was to knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) toward cervical cancer, HPV vaccination and screening practice among urban women working in BPO in Chennai.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among urban women working in a BPO in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. A face-to-face interview was conducted using a structured questionnaire by the team leader who was train to interview before starting the study.Results: Among 155 female study participants only 46% of the respondents knew about cervix. Among the study participants who knew about cervix and cervical cancer, internet (26%) and TV/Radio (26%) were the most common source of information. Only 4% of respondent heard of Pap smear and none of them had undergone it. Similarly, only 3.73% of the respondents knew about vaccines that are available for Cancer Cervix.Conclusions: The findings of study will help us in planning focused health measures about CA cervix and its prevention strategies .Health awareness will play a vital role in reducing risks of casualties caused by diseases like cancer Cervix.

scholarly journals Factors associated with low knowledge about sexually transmitted infections in subnormal agglomerate, in the Brazilian Amazon

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff Ferreira ◽  
Ingrid Saraiva de Oliveira ◽  
Wanne Letícia Santos Freitas ◽  
Ana Luisa Brandão de Carvalho Lira ◽  
Renata Karina Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Programmatic Factors

Abstract Background: Populations living in subnormal agglomerates in urban areas are more vulnerable to infections, including sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In these groups, inadequate knowledge about sexually transmitted infections can further increase the risk of contracting STIs. Aim: We investigated the factors associated with low knowledge about STIs in a peripheral population in the Brazilian Amazon. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Belém, in the Amazon region that has a high percentage of subnormal agglomerates in an urban area and a high incidence of STIs. Random sampling was adopted which resulted in a sample of 320 participants. To assess knowledge about STIs, the self-administered Sexually Transmitted Disease Knowledge Questionnaire was used. To assess aspects of vulnerability, a questionnaire was constructed which is linked to individual, social, and programmatic factors. The chi-square test, G test, and ordinal regression analyses were all performed. Findings: The sample of this study was composed of 320 participants. The mean age of the participants was 46.09 years. 37.5% (120), 50.6% (162), and 11.9% (38) showed low, medium, and high knowledge, respectively. Multiple analysis revealed that the factors associated with higher chance of having smaller knowledge about sexually transmitted infections were single/separated/divorced/widow(er) marital status (AOR: 1.80, CI: 1.15-2.84, P = 0.01); income equal to or less than one minimum wage (1.98, CI: 1.21-3.17, P = 0.00); equal to or over than 52 years old (AOR: 1.99, CI: 1.25-3.17, P = 0.00); lack of guidance by a health professional (AOR: 1.59, CI: 1.01-2.51, P = 0.04). Our results show that this community suffer from suboptimal levels of knowledge on STIs, which are linked to individual, social, and programmatic factors. Characterising the risk and vulnerabilities factors allows for carrying out appropriate interventions for populations living in subnormal agglomerates in urban area.

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