scholarly journals EARRINGS FROM ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES OF THE UPPER VOLGA OF THE XIV-XVIII CENTURIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-62
Author(s):  
Юлия Владимировна Степанова
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Thin Wire ◽  
Pictorial Material ◽  
Composite Construction ◽  
Question Mark ◽  
Upper Volga ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Women's Dress

В статье характеризуются находки серег XIV-XVIII вв. из раскопок археологических памятников бассейна Верхней Волги. На основании конструкции автор выделяет серьги цельной (серьги в виде вопросительного знака) и составной конструкций (серьги с подвесками различных форм). Среди серег в виде вопросительного знака выделены украшения с коротким и удлинённым стержнем; из равномерной проволоки и с удлинённым стержнем из тонкой проволоки. Среди серег составной конструкции выделены украшения с подвесками в виде стержней (одинцы, двойчатки), серьги-голубцы, серьги с щитковыми и объёмными фигурными подвесками. Выявлены аналогии в изобразительном материале XIV-XIX вв. Высказано предположение, что серьги в виде вопросительного знака с удлиненным стержнем из тонкой проволоки могут датироваться второй половиной XVI - началом XVII в. The article describes the finds of earrings of the 14th-18th centuries from the excavations of the archaeological sites located in the basin of the Upper Volga. On the basis of the design, two groups of earrings are distinguished: a single construction (question mark shaped earrings) and a composite construction (earrings with suspensions of various shapes). Within the groups, types of earrings are distinguished by the features of the shape and decor of the suspension. The jewelry with a short and elongated rod; made of uniform wire and with elongated rod made of thin wire are among the question mark shaped earrings. The jewelry with suspensions in the form of rods (lids, doubles), earrings-«golubtsy», earrings with shield and volumetric figured suspensions are distinguished among the earrings of the composite costruction. A chronology of the individual finds is given. The analogies have been identified in the pictorial material of the 14th-19th centuries. It has been suggested that the question mark shaped earrings with an elongated rod of thin wire can date from the second half of the 16th - early 17th centuries. In women's dress, the earrings could be worn in two ways: in the ears and suspended from the headdress.

scholarly journals ABOUT SOURCES AND METHODS

Kavkaz-forum ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.А. ТУАЛЛАГОВ
Keyword(s):  
Image Data ◽  
Logical Analysis ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Extensive Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Original Narrative ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Textual Research ◽  
Written Sources

Статья посвящена проблеме происхождения образа осетинского Николая как представителя божественных сил осетинских традиционных представлений. Актуальность представленной в статье темы определяется возникшим дискуссионным моментом в исследовании данного божественного образа, а также методологическими подходами при его реализации. Научная новизна исследования заключается в привлечении к анализу оригинальных нарративных источников, позволяющих верифицировать источниковую базу и определиться с обоснованностью проявившихся различных подходов в решении указанной проблемы. Целью исследования является верификация данных образа одного из представителей осетинского пантеона в контексте монотеистических и политеистических представлений. При проведении исследования применялись методы текстуального исследования источников, индуктивного и логического анализа на основе принципа историзма и системности изложения. Дополнительное обращение к анализу источников, в которых фигурирует данный образ, к историографии самой проблемы позволяет автору подтвердить прежде сформулированное им положение о Николае как боге, формирование образа которого имело давние истоки. Приложение к нему отдельных черт православного св. Николая продиктовано историей христианизации Алании под византийским влиянием, процесс которого был прерван. Политеистические представления продолжали действовать в традиционных представлениях осетин конца XIX–начала XX вв. Отмечаются конкретные примеры ошибочных трактовок некоторых археологических памятников и материалов письменных источников, а также методов и подходов в критике представленных ранее автором решений. Проведенный анализ сопрягается с вопросом об оригинальных монотеистических представлениях, искусственность приложения которых в современных условиях к истории алан объективно отвергается. The article is devoted to the problem of originating of the image of the Ossetian Nicholas as a representative of the divine powers of Ossetian traditional ideas. The relevance of the topic presented in the article is determined by the discussion point that has arisen in the study of this divine image, as well as methodological approaches of its implementation. The scientific novelty of the study is to use original narrative sources for analysis, which allow us to verify the source base and determine the validity of the various approaches that have appeared in solving this problem. The aim of the study is to verify the image data of one of the representatives of the Ossetian pantheon in the context of monotheistic and polytheistic representations. The study used methods of textual research of sources, inductive and logical analysis based on the principle of historicism and systematic presentation. The extensive analysis of the sources in which this image appears, the historiography of the problem itself, allows the author to confirm his previously formulated presumption on Nicholas as a god, whose formation had long-standing origins. Applying to him the individual features of the Orthodox St. Nicholas is dictated by the history of the Christianization of Alania under Byzantine influence, the process of which was interrupted. Polytheistic ideas continued to operate in the traditional representations of the Ossetians of the late XIX–early XXth centuries. Specific examples of erroneous interpretations of certain archaeological sites and materials from written sources, as well as methods and approaches in criticizing the solutions presented earlier by the author, are noted. The analysis is combined with the question of the original monotheistic «ideas», the artificiality of their application to the history of the Alans in modern conditions is objectively rejected.

scholarly journals FuTRES: Functional Trait Resource for Environmental Studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan Balk ◽  
Ramona Walls ◽  
Robert Guralnick ◽  
Edward Davis ◽  
John Deck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entire Range ◽  
Environmental Studies ◽  
Functional Trait ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Logical Framework ◽  
Semantic Framework ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
The Individual

Functional traits are the features of organisms that directly interact with the environment. Studying change and variation in these traits across space, time, and taxonomy can inform how species have responded to environmental and climatic change, how communities are assembled, and other eco-evolutionary questions. Trait data are collected at the individual level; however, animal trait databases often report these data at the species level, undermining their value for researchers who want to look at variation within species and rendering trait data ambiguous when taxonomy is updated. Additionally, these data are often recorded in auxiliary fields, such as “field notes” or hidden in supplementary materials or published tables, making them difficult to recover by researchers. Furthermore, animal trait data from paleontological, zooarchaeological (from archaeological sites), and neontological specimens are typically curated in separate forums and formats that are not easily integrated to provide perspective across the entire range of time. We are developing a toolkit to overcome these challenges called FuTRES: Functional Trait Resource for Environmental Studies. We seek to make these data accessible, standardize trait descriptions across Vertebrata, and teach (future) scientists how to create FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable) trait datasets. To make data more FAIR, FuTRES employs ontologies, a logical framework for relating terms to search datasets and standardizing traits across datasets. FuTRES builds off existing ontologies and standards, such as UBERON for anatomical terms and PATO and OBA for trait terms, as well as create new terms that are general enough to be used for all vertebrates and multiple disciplines. This talk will showcase the semantic framework underpinning FuTRES, describe how we are linking diverse trait datasets to ontologies and, therefore, each other, and report the results of a preliminary analysis of integrated datasets.

Valley Sediments as Evidence of Prehistoric Land-use on the South Downs

1983 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Bell
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Landscape History ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
The South ◽  
Individual Site ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Use Factors ◽  
Detailed Work

Recent years have seen a shift of archaeological focus away from the confines of the individual site and towards broader issues of land-use and landscape history. Hence a need for archaeological and palaeoenvironmental evidence which tells us about the area utilized from sites rather than about the environment on the site itself. Valley sediments are one possible source of this evidence and this paper considers their potential with specific reference to sediments in chalkland valleys on the South Downs. It also attempts to confront some more specific problems of landscape history. One aim was to assess the extent of erosion and valley sediments within defined study areas and to establish to what extent climatic and land-use factors were responsible for changes in the pattern of sedimentation. It was also hoped that detailed work on land-use sequences would provide a framework for considering long-term settlement trends on the chalk. Why, for instance, do we have dense concentrations of archaeological sites on land which is today somewhat marginal, and how were the valley bottoms utilized in prehistory?

scholarly journals RPAS AND TLS TECNIQUES FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY: THE CASE STUDY OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE OF ERACLEA MINOA (ITALY)

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W3 ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lo Brutto ◽  
R. Sciortino ◽  
A. Garraffa
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
3D Models ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
Remotely Piloted Aircraft ◽  
Digital Documentation ◽  
Aircraft System ◽  
The Individual

Digital documentation and 3D modelling of archaeological sites are important for understanding, definition and recognition of the values of the sites and of the archaeological finds. The most part of archaeological sites are outdoor location, but a cover to preserve the ruins protects often parts of the sites. The possibility to acquire data with different techniques and merge them by using a single reference system allows creating multi-parties models in which 3D representations of the individual objects can be inserted. <br><br> The paper presents the results of a recent study carried out by Geomatics Laboratory of University of Palermo for the digital documentation and 3D modelling of Eraclea Minoa archaeological site. This site is located near Agrigento, in the south of Sicily (Italy) and is one of the most famous ancient Greek colonies of Sicily. The paper presents the results of the integration of different data source to survey the Eraclea Minoa archaeological site. The application of two highly versatile recording systems, the TLS (Terrestrial Laser Scanning) and the RPAS (Remotely Piloted Aircraft System), allowed the Eraclea Minoa site to be documented in high resolution and with high accuracy. The integration of the two techniques has demonstrated the possibility to obtain high quality and accurate 3D models in archaeological survey.

scholarly journals Preparing for the Future Impacts of Megastorms on Archaeological Sites: An Evaluation of Flooding from Hurricane Harvey, Houston, Texas

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie A. Reeder-Myers ◽  
Mark D. McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Spatial Models ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Individual Variables ◽  
The Individual

Powerful hurricanes in 2017—Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria—were stark examples of how these previously rare catastrophes are becoming increasingly normal due to climate change, with dire consequences for cultural resources. These storms, sometimes called megastorms or superstorms, were the first in which high-resolution satellite imagery was available in the immediate aftermath, providing a new tool for rapidly evaluating damage to archaeological sites. Using Hurricane Harvey as a case study, we examined two recent spatial models of archaeological site vulnerability to long-term climate change to determine whether these models are also adequate for predicting the impacts of short-term climate catastrophes. We further examined a number of individual variables that we expected to be useful in predicting which sites would be most vulnerable to flooding, such as proximity to rivers, the coast, or the floodplain. Neither the models nor the individual variables correlated well to increased risk to archaeological sites, with the exception of land use. Sites located within developed areas benefited from measures to protect property and were less often flooded. We suggest that strategies for responding to megastorms would be most effective through a combination of preparedness, analysis of remote sensing data, and existing field research methods.

The Ultrastructure of Monkey Gingival Epithelium

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 16-17
Author(s):  
C.N. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Macaca Nemestrina ◽  
Stratum Granulosum ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Gingival Epithelial Cells ◽  
Stratum Spinosum ◽  
Cell Layers ◽  
Gingival Epithelium ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Thickness

The present study demonstrates the ultrastructure of the gingival epithelium of the pig tail monkey (Macaca nemestrina). Specimens were taken from lingual and facial gingival surfaces and fixed in Dalton's chrome osmium solution (pH 7.6) for 1 hr, dehydrated, and then embedded in Epon 812.Tonofibrils are variable in number and structure according to the different region or location of the gingival epithelial cells, the main orientation of which is parallel to the long axis of the cells. The cytoplasm of the basal epithelial cells contains a great number of tonofilaments and numerous mitochondria. The basement membrane is 300 to 400 A thick. In the cells of stratum spinosum, the tonofibrils are densely packed and increased in number (fig. 1 and 3). They seem to take on a somewhat concentric arrangement around the nucleus. The filaments may occur scattered as thin fibrils in the cytoplasm or they may be arranged in bundles of different thickness. The filaments have a diameter about 50 A. In the stratum granulosum, the cells gradually become flatted, the tonofibrils are usually thin, and the individual tonofilaments are clearly distinguishable (fig. 2). The mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are seldom seen in these superficial cell layers.

A Study of the Ultrastructure of Visual Cell Outer Segment Membranes, Using a Water-Miscible Embedding Medium and Differential Staining

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 50-51
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Godfrey
Keyword(s):  
Outer Segment ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Visual Cell ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Chick Retina ◽  
Dark Staining ◽  
Embedding Medium ◽  
The Individual

Aldehyde-fixed chick retina was embedded in a water-containing resin of glutaraldehyde and urea, without dehydration. The loss of lipids and other soluble tissue components, which is severe in routine methods involving dehydration, was thereby minimized. Osmium tetroxide post-fixation was not used, lessening the amount of protein denaturation which occurred. Ultrathin sections were stained with 1, uranyl acetate and lead citrate, 2, silicotungstic acid, or 3, osmium vapor, prior to electron microscope examination of visual cell outer segment ultrastructure, at magnifications up to 800,000.Sections stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate (Fig. 1) showed that the individual disc membranes consisted of a central lipid core about 78Å thick in which dark-staining 40Å masses appeared to be embedded from either side.

The Red Neuronal Pigment in the Nervous System of the Mussel, Mytilus Edulis: Localization and Its Effect on Lateral Ciliary Activity with Spectral and Analytical Changes

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 494-495
Author(s):  
Anthony A. Paparo ◽  
Judith A. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Mytilus Edulis ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Ciliary Activity ◽  
Neuronal Cell Bodies ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Intracellular Organelles ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cryostat Sections

The purpose of this study was to localize the red neuronal pigment in Mytilus edulis and examine its role in the control of lateral ciliary activity in the gill. The visceral ganglia (Vg) in the central nervous system show an over al red pigmentation. Most red pigments examined in squash preps and cryostat sec tions were localized in the neuronal cell bodies and proximal axon regions. Unstained cryostat sections showed highly localized patches of this pigment scattered throughout the cells in the form of dense granular masses about 5-7 um in diameter, with the individual granules ranging from 0.6-1.3 um in diame ter. Tissue stained with Gomori's method for Fe showed bright blue granular masses of about the same size and structure as previously seen in unstained cryostat sections.Thick section microanalysis (Fig.l) confirmed both the localization and presence of Fe in the nerve cell. These nerve cells of the Vg share with other pigmented photosensitive cells the common cytostructural feature of localization of absorbing molecules in intracellular organelles where they are tightly ordered in fine substructures.

Some Effects of Oxidant Air Pollutants (Ozone and Peroxyacetyl Nitrate) on the Ultrastructure of Leaf Tissues

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 360-361
Author(s):  
William W. Thomson ◽  
Elizabeth S. Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Peroxyacetyl Nitrate ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Physiology And Biochemistry ◽  
Entire Plant ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbons ◽  
The Individual

The oxidant air pollutants, ozone and peroxyacetyl nitrate, are produced in the atmosphere through the interaction of light with nitrogen oxides and gaseous hydrocarbons. These oxidants are phytotoxicants and are known to deleteriously affect plant growth, physiology, and biochemistry. In many instances they induce changes which lead to the death of cells, tissues, organs, and frequently the entire plant. The most obvious damage and biochemical changes are generally observed with leaves.Electron microscopic examination of leaves from bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and cotton (Gossipyum hirsutum L.) fumigated for .5 to 2 hours with 0.3 -1 ppm of the individual oxidants revealed that changes in the ultrastructure of the cells occurred in a sequential fashion with time following the fumigation period. Although occasional cells showed severe damage immediately after fumigation, the most obvious change was an enhanced clarity of the cell membranes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document