scholarly journals M. HEIDEGGER’S METAPHYSICS OF FINITENESS: HISTORY AS THE SUBJECT AREA OF UNDERSTANDING

Author(s):  
Борис Львович Губман ◽  
Карина Викторовна Ануфриева

Статья ориентирована на анализ М. Хайдеггером предмета и специфики познавательных средств истории в перспективе предложенной им метафизики конечности. Показано, что обращение к этому проблемному полю явилось результатом его размышлений над взаимосвязью основоположений фундаментальной онтологии с обоснованием предмета и способа постижения истории. Учение Хайдеггера в этом ракурсе сопряжено, как показано в статье, с интенсивным диалогом с идеями В. Дильтея и Ф. Ницше. Дильтей является автором, позволившим Хайдеггеру переосмыслить в экзистенциальном ключе не только историчность Dasein, но и такие феномены как понимание и интерпретация, изначальная открытость смысла исторической традиции. Однако в отличие от Дильтея, утверждавшего плюрализм культурных миров и не принимавшего возможности их рассмотрения в горизонте диахронного единства, Хайдеггер полагал, что герменевтическая перспектива не является препятствием к поиску глобального смысла всемирной истории. Заимствуя у Ницше генеалогическую методологию, он критически пересматривая его видение истории сквозь призму становления нигилизма как забвения жизни. Всемирная история и современный культурный кризис, по его мнению, обретают объяснение в свете разработанного им видения нигилистического забвения Бытия, порожденного европейской метафизической традицией, завершением которой выступает метафизика воли Ницше. The article is focused on M. Heidegger's analysis of the field and the cognitive means of history in the perspective of the metaphysics of finiteness proposed by him. It reveals that the appeal to this problem field was the result of his reflections on the relationship of the basic principles of fundamental ontology with the substantiation of the subject area and strategy of comprehending history. Heidegger's teaching in this perspective is associated with an intensive dialogue with the ideas of W. Dilthey and F. Nietzsche. Dilthey is the author who allowed Heidegger to rethink in an existential way not only the historicity of Dasein, but also such phenomena as understanding and interpretation, the initial openness of the meaning of historical tradition. However, unlike Dilthey, who argued for the pluralism of cultural worlds and did not accept the possibility of considering them in the horizon of diachronic unity, Heidegger believed that the hermeneutic perspective is not an obstacle to the search for the global meaning of world history. Borrowing the genealogical methodology from Nietzsche, he critically revised his vision of history through the prism of the formation of nihilism as the oblivion of life. World history and the contemporary cultural crisis, in his opinion, find an explanation in the light of the nihilist forgetfulness of Being generated by the European metaphysical tradition, the completion of which is the Nietzschean metaphysics of will.

Author(s):  
Н.П. Тучкова

Анализируются связи понятий математической предметной области на примере раздела уравнений математической физики. Предлагается вариант статьи тезауруса для терминов и связанных с ними уравнений и формул. Особенность такого тезауруса заключается в использовании контекста формул для их дополнительной идентификации в предметной области. Кроме того, предлагается учитывать индексы авторов и статей, где встречаются термины тезауруса.  Предложенный подход способствует уточнению поискового запроса и уменьшению информационного шума при использовании тезауруса в цифровых библиографических коллекциях. The studying is focusing to the relationship of the concepts of the mathematical subject area on the example of the section of mathematical physics equations. A version of the thesaurus article for terms and related equations and formulas is proposed. The peculiarity of such a thesaurus lies in the use of the context of formulas for their additional identification in the subject area. In addition, it is proposed to take into account the indices of authors and articles where thesaurus terms are found. This approach helps to refine the search query and reduce information noise when using the thesaurus in digital bibliographic collections.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
Maya Smolina ◽  
◽  
Alexandra Sukorcheva

The object of this scientific research is art criticism in art magazines, the subject is the text of art criticism as a tool for solving problems of the relationship between a work of art and the viewer. The aim is to study journal art criticism as a tool for solving problems of the relationship between a work of art and the viewer. The analysis of the concepts of "art criticism" and "critical texts about art" is given in order to understand the essential features of art criticism and the specifics of its texts. The conceptual basis for the study was the key provisions of the theory of reflection by G.V.F. Hegel, the basic principles of the synthetic theory of the ideal D.V. Pivovarov and the concept of ideal formation, the main provisions of the theory of fine art by V.I. Zhukovsky and N.P. Koptseva.


Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.


Panggung ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Sahid

ABSTRACTRevolutionary struggle in order to compete for the independence of Indonesia has been a source of inspiration Indonesian artists, including Bambang Soelarto who wrote drama Domba-domba Re- volusi (DDR). DDR studied drama is quite interesting because it tries to criticize the freedom fight- ers. This study aims to: first to know the theme and the problem plays DDR; second to determine the relationship of the socio - historical struggle in 1948 with the sociological elements of drama DDR themes and issues. This study uses sociological theory of art. The basic principles of the sociology of art is the fact that the creation of works of art influenced by the historical social conditions where the work was created. Research using content analysis of Krippendorf, the methods used to examine the symbolic phenomena with the aim to explore and express the observed phenomenon which is the content, meaning, and an essential element of the literary work. Based results of this research is that Bambang Soelarto as the author tries to capture di?erence between fighters during the struggle for the political aspirations for 1948 are expressed in a work of drama. Historical events inspired the creation of drama DDR. Soelarto want to respond to the political aspirations of the di?erence between historical figures and wanted to provide an assessment and outlook through DDR.Keywords: themes, drama, sociology of art, social historical ABSTRAKRevolusi perjuangan dalam rangka memperebutkan kemerdekaan Indonesia telah men- jadi sumber inspirasi para seniman Indonesia, termasuk Bambang Soelarto yang menulis drama Domba-domba Revolusi (DDR). Drama DDR cukup menarik diteliti karena mencoba mengkritisi para pejuang kemerdekaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: pertama, mengeta- hui tema dan permasalah drama DDR; kedua, mengetahui hubungan kondisi sosio-histo- ris perjuangan pada tahun 1948 dengan unsur-unsur sosiologis terimplisir pada unsur tema dan masalah drama DDR. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori sosiologi seni. Prinsip dasar dari sosiologi seni adalah adanya fakta bahwa penciptaan karya seni dipengaruhi oleh kon- disi sosial historis tempat karya itu diciptakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode con- tent analysis dari Krippendorf, yakni metode yang dipergunakan untuk meneliti fenome- na-fenomena simbolik dengan tujuan untuk menggali dan mengungkapkan fenomena yang teramati yang merupakan isi, makna, dan unsur esensial karya sastra. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa Bambang Soelarto sebagai penulis mencoba un- tuk menangkap perbedaan antara pejuang aspirasi politik selama perjuangan tahun 1948 untuk diekspresikan dalam sebuah karya drama. Peristiwa sejarah mengilhami penciptaan drama DDR. Soelarto ingin menanggapi aspirasi politik perbedaan antara tokoh-tokoh se- jarah dan ingin memberikan penilaian dan pandangan pandangannnya melalui DDR.Kata kunci: tema, drama, sosiologi seni, sosial historis


Pragmatics ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni Petraki ◽  
Sarah Bayes

Research in English language teaching has highlighted the importance of teaching communication skills in the language classroom. Against the backdrop of extensive research in everyday communication, the goal of this research was to explore whether current discourse analytic research is reflected in the lessons and communication examples of five English language teaching textbooks, by using spoken requests as the subject of investigation. The textbooks were evaluated on five criteria deriving from research on politeness, speech act theory and conversation analysis. These included whether and the extent to which the textbooks discussed the cultural appropriateness of requests, discussed the relationship of requests and other contextual factors, explained pre-sequences and re-requests and provided adequate practice activities. This study found that none of the coursebooks covered all of the criteria and that some coursebooks actually had very inadequate lessons. The results of the textbook analysis demonstrate that teachers using these five coursebooks and designers of future coursebooks must improve their lessons on requests by using pragmatics research and authentic examples as a guide.


PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 950-951
Author(s):  
Fabio Pereira ◽  
Hernan Moreno ◽  
William Crist ◽  
Rufino Ermocilla

Eosinophilia is a constant feature of Loffler's endomyocardial fibrosis.1,2 Three cases of this syndrome have been described in which acute lymphoblastic leukemia was concurrently present.3,4 Cytogenetic evidence in one of these cases suggested that the eosinophilia was "reactive" because the eosinophils had a normal karyotype while the lymphoblasts showed chromosomal aneuploidy.4 The subject of eosinophilia and eosinophilic syndromes has been extensively reviewed by others.5-8 The purpose of this report is to describe a boy with long-standing eosinophilia who presented with intractable heart failure, striking peripheral blood eosinophilia, and 38% lymphoblasts in the bone marrow. Current thoughts concerning the relationship of endomyocardial fibrosis, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and eosinophilia are summarized.


Author(s):  
A. Fatyhova ◽  
O. Bakanev ◽  
I. Kohanovskaya

In the digital era, the success of the professional development of future specialists in the process of obtaining higher education largely depends on their professional orientation (PN). Despite the significant interest in the subject of the study, the problem of identifying the factors that affect PN remains poorly understood. The purpose of the study is to determine the factors of the formation of PN of students enrolled in training and retraining programs, and the features of PN in the digital era. The article reveals the content and structure of the PN of future specialists in the era of digitalization. According to the results of the empirical research, the relationship of students' PN with indicators of life-meaning orientations, motives for choosing a profession and training was revealed; the relationship between students' life-meaning orientations and indicators of motives for choosing a profession and training at the stage of digitalization of education. The factors influencing the personal condition, and the factors of the formation of the personal condition of students, who are trained according to the programs of training and retraining of specialists, have been determined. As a result of an empirical study, it was concluded that a negative impact on the formation of PN is created by factors caused by various life circumstances, lack of independence of decisions in choosing a profession, low reflection of life goals, prospects for the future, rigidity of volitional and personal qualities, internal conflict in the structure of personality relationships, low pleasure training and the like. At the same time, the level of PN is significantly higher among students who receive a second higher education and who understand its importance at the stage of digitalization of education.


2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Aurélio Versiani ◽  
Hany Mohamed Aly Ahmed ◽  
Manoel Damião de Sousa-Neto ◽  
Gustavo De-Deus ◽  
Paul Michael Howell Dummer

Abstract The relationship of the main foramen to the anatomic root apex has been the subject of several studies. Although they are anatomically close, they rarely coincide, and their distance can vary according to age or tooth type, ranging from 0.2 to 3.0 mm. The aim of this short communication was to evaluate the distance between the main foramen of independent middle mesial canals (MMCs) and the anatomical mesial root apex of mandibular first molars using the micro-computed tomography. Twenty-five mandibular first molars with MMCs were scanned (resolution of 9.9 µm), and the distance from its main foramen to the anatomical apex was evaluated. Overall, the distance ranged from 0.2 to 2.4 mm; however, in 3 specimens the distance was greater than 3 mm. This report demonstrates that the exit of the main foramen of the MMC varies considerably and could approach a substantial distance from the anatomical apex greater than previously reported in the literature.


1907 ◽  
Vol XIV (3-4) ◽  
pp. 194-196
Author(s):  
V. Osipova

The author begins his work with the words that the psychology that he will expound bears little resemblance to the psychology that has been the subject of study until now. In objective psychology, there should be no place for questions about subjective processes or processes of consciousness, therefore there should be no place for introspection. Self-observation is not enough even to study one's own mental life. Objective psychology has in mind to study and explain only the relationship of a living creature to the surrounding conditions that affect it in one way or another, without aiming to find out those internal or subjective experiences, which are known as conscious phenomena and which are accessible only to self-observation. All mental items should only be subject to objective registration and control.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
S. V. Sheyanova ◽  
◽  
N. M. Yusupova ◽  

Introduction: at present the reader’s audience is particularly interested in creative experiments in which the historical fate of the Russian peasantry in the «turning» eras is artistically comprehended. The article is devoted to the study of the problem-thematic range of modern Mordovian historical prose. The subject of analysis is the peculiarity of the reception of the period of collectivization and dekulakization in the story by Erzyan prose writer A. Doronin «A Wolf Ravine». Objective: to reveal the features of the artistic reconstruction of the events of the 1930s, the modeling of the relationship between a man and society in the story by A. Doronin «A Wolf Ravine».Research materials: the story by A. Doronin «A Wolf Ravine». Results and novelty of the research: the historical story « A Wolf Ravine » for the first time becomes the object of scientific understanding and is introduced into the context of Finno-Ugric literary criticism. A. Doronin artistically interprets the real events and circumstances of the resettlement of dispossessed peasants of the Volga region to the uninhabited steppes of Kazakhstan. As a result of the study, we conclude that the actualization of this problem-thematic cluster is due to the creative concept of the historical writer; the individual author’s approach to the reconstruction of historical narrative can be traced in the writer’s desire to realistically reveal the relationship of personality and society in the tragic 1930s; to analyze intentions of people and of the psychological states of the characters. Problems of a sociopolitical nature, actualized in the story, are filled with philosophical, axiological content, and lead to a multi-faceted understanding of the «man and history» problem.


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