scholarly journals Alarm Systems in Buildings – Investigation of Effectiveness Depending on Building Type and User Profile

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
Gero Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
User Profile ◽  
Alarm System ◽  
Railway Stations ◽  
Building Type ◽  
Alarm Systems ◽  
Optimal Behaviour

Alarm systems are used to warn passengers and employees in railway stations, airports, logistics facilities and administrative buildings of hazards; in this way, they are instructed to rescue themselves. A large online survey conducted in Germany in 2018 has shown that often sounding the alarm does not have the desired effect. The research presented in this article investigates dependence of an alarm effectiveness on type of building, user profile and type of the alarm system. In this paper, general and building-specific measures, using which the effective sounding of the alarm and optimal behaviour of the building users in the case of danger can be achieved, are presented.

Alarm systems based on a pair of short-term earthquake precursors

1988 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 1538-1549
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Grandori ◽  
Elisa Guagenti ◽  
Federico Perotti
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Active Region ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Main Shock ◽  
Weak Shock ◽  
Earthquake Precursors ◽  
Alarm System ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Alarm Systems

Abstract A statistical analysis of the foreshock-main shock correlation for a seismically active region in Italy is presented. It is found that the probability that a weak shock be followed within 2 days by a main shock is of the order of 2 per cent, while the probability that a main shock be preceded by a foreshock is of the order of 50 per cent. These results are quite similar to those found by L. Jones (1985) for southern California. The effectiveness of alarm systems based on a pair of short-term earthquake precursors is then analyzed. In particular, the analysis shows under what conditions the precursor, consisting of potential foreshocks, could be combined with another precursor to provide a reasonably effective alarm system.

scholarly journals POSSIBILITY OF TRANSMITTING ALARM MESSAGES OVER THE RADIO NETWORK TO THE MONITORING AND ALARM RECEIVING CENTRE

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1013-1016
Author(s):  
Martin Boroš ◽  
Martin Halaj ◽  
Andrej Veľas
Keyword(s):  
Alarm System ◽  
Radio Network ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
Alarm Signal ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Alarm Systems ◽  
Basic Human Needs ◽  
Modern Technologies

Security has been and will probably be one of the basic human needs that we work on every day. Some of the popular options nowadays is the use of modern technologies in security, which is increasingly popular with alarm systems. Mostly alarm systems are electrical security systems, which in many cases can be supplemented by various additional functions according to the owner's requirements. More often, they are also able to connect a secured object to a centralized protection center so that the owner has the possibility of verifying a declared alarm signal through the intervention of the alarm system company operator.This article is aimed at transmitting the indicated alarm signal over a radio network to the centralized protection desk located in the monitoring and alarm receiving center with identification of the most appropriate option.

Design of the Digital System about the Fire Safety for Urban Architecture Based on Network

2012 ◽  
Vol 241-244 ◽  
pp. 2606-2610
Author(s):  
Zhong Jiang ◽  
Jin Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Alarm System ◽  
Urban Architecture ◽  
Fire Alarm ◽  
Interface Module ◽  
Alarm Systems ◽  
The City ◽  
Fire Information

At present, the automatic fire alarm systems on sale were produced by different factories, which resulted in the information not being shared mutually. Furthermore, it was difficult to connect the different fire auto-alarm systems to the same network. They couldn't communicate automatically with the city fire-fight commanding center in time. We designed interface module of automatic fire alarm controller network and interface module of data center network. By using the existing net of PSTN and internet, it could transmit the breakdown information and a fire information of the automatic fire alarm systems to the fire-fight commanding center, the long-range diagnose, the real-time monitor of a fire and the long-range control in the city fire auto-alarm system was realized.

Analysis of Reliability Requirements for Fire Alarm Systems Operated in Civil Structures and Critical Infrastructure Facilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-87
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Jakubowski
Keyword(s):  
System Reliability ◽  
Critical Infrastructure ◽  
Alarm System ◽  
Civil Structures ◽  
Fire Hazards ◽  
Fire Alarm ◽  
Alarm Systems ◽  
Fire Alarm System

A fire alarm system (FAS) is one of the most important safety facilities used in any building, and include CCTV and intrusion and panic alarms. Pursuant to the Polish Regulation of the Minister of the Interior and Administration of 07/06/2010, FASs are required in specific civil structures. FASs are directly responsible for the protection of the life and health of humans and animals, and indi-rectly for property at the protected sites. In considering the fire hazards and scenarios, a FAS should be characterized with sufficient reliability. Every FAS is subject to specific requirements in terms of reliability and continuity of performance at the stages of monitoring, FAS failure, and fire. This work is an analysis of the reliability requirements for FAS. Keywords: fire alarm system, reliability requirements, structures.

scholarly journals Analysis of Sound Pressure and Frequency Characteristics of Fire-Alarm Bells and Electronic Sirens

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
Younghyun Kim ◽  
Boseb Kim ◽  
Jongjin Jung
Keyword(s):  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Fire Detection ◽  
Frequency Characteristics ◽  
Alarm System ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Fire Alarm ◽  
Alarm Systems ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Competitive Pricing

In the event of fire, how quickly occupants can hear, see, and/or smell the fire and then exit the building are important for reducing the number of potential casualties. After a person or an automatic fire-detection system detects a fire, an installed emergency alarm system is used to alert building occupants about the fire. The emergency alarm system plays an important role in alerting the occupants to the fire by emitting a high-pitched sound when the fire is initially detected. Although bells and electronic sirens can both be used in fire-alarm systems, usually only bells are used in most commercial fire alarms except for a few fire extinguishers. Recently, however, the development of circuit integration technology and subsequent competitive pricing and improved performance have fostered an environment favorable for the widespread application of electronic sirens. However, because electronic sirens that emit various sounds will likely confuse building occupants used to hearing familiar-sounding conventional fire-alarm bells, electronic sirens must be engineered to sound like conventional fire-alarm bells. Therefore, in this study, experiments were conducted to measure the specific sound pressure and frequency characteristics of commercially available fire-alarm bells and electronic sirens, and their characteristics were reviewed. In addition, the differences between the bells and sirens were analyzed to develop a plan for supplementing warning sounds of electronic sirens.

Trends in the development of fire alarm system controllers for fire alarm systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
A. N. Chlenov ◽  
T. A. Butcinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Technical Progress ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Fire Fighting ◽  
Alarm System ◽  
Fire Alarm ◽  
Alarm Systems ◽  
Fire Alarm System ◽  
Technical Specifications

Introduction. Fire alarm system controllers are the main technical aids that serve as the backbone of a fire alarm system (a unit) at a facility. They consolidate fire alarm messages, coming from fire detectors, analyze, process, and deliver them to the user and display them in the pre-set format. The technical capacity of fire alarm system controllers is constantly improving in line with the technical progress and tightening fire safety requirements.Aims and purposes. The purpose of the article is to analyze the state of and trends in the development of fire alarm system controllers, that improve the fire safety of protected facilities. The task encompasses the retrospective review of principal tactical and technical characteristics of fire alarm devices for the period starting from the early 1950s to the present time in Russia, as well as the statistical analysis of the pace of their supply on the market of automatic fire fighting systems.Methods. Methods of system analysis and mathematical statistics were used.Results and discussion. The main stages of development of instruments for fire alarm systems that are reflective of the technical progress, primarily in the field of radio electronics, as well as the socio-economic transformations in Russia are specified. The article presents the results of statistical studies, carried out by the co-authors at different times and characterizing a change in the Russian market based on the comparative data on domestic and foreign alarm systems. The main trends in the development of the product mix and technical specifications of devices during the analyzed period are identified. The co-authors focus on the generalized layout of a blockmodular apparatus of a fire alarm system controller and determine the requirements for communication between functional modules to ensure the reliable operation of a fire alarm system.Conclusions. The main trends in the development of fire alarm system controllers, designated for fire alarm systems, focus on the application of new communication technologies and microelectronic devices that solve comprehensive safety problems with regard for the top-priority requirements of fire safety. The pace of improvement of tactical technological characteristics of devices is reflective of the state of and trends in the development of automatic fire fighting systems in Russia.

scholarly journals A WSN-Based Intrusion Alarm System to Improve Safety in Road Work Zones

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Martin ◽  
Alba Rozas ◽  
Alvaro Araujo
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Alarm System ◽  
Work Zones ◽  
Communication Interface ◽  
Alarm Systems ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Road Work

Road traffic accidents are one of the main causes of death and disability worldwide. Workers responsible for maintaining and repairing roadways are especially prone to suffer these events, given their exceptional exposure to traffic. Since these actuations usually coexist with regular traffic, an errant driver can easily intrude the work area and provoke a collision. Some authors have proposed mechanisms aimed at detecting breaches in the work zone perimeter and alerting workers, which are collectively called intrusion alarm systems. However, they have several limitations and have not yet fulfilled the necessities of these scenarios. In this paper, we propose a new intrusion alarm system based on a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Our system is comprised of two main elements: vehicle detectors that form a virtual barrier and detect perimeter breaches by means of an ultrasonic beam and individual warning devices that transmit alerts to the workers. All these elements have a wireless communication interface and form a network that covers the whole work area. This network is in charge of transmitting and routing the alarms and coordinates the behavior of the system. We have tested our solution under real conditions with satisfactory results.

scholarly journals The analysis of the operational process of a complex fire alarm system used in transport facilities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Paś ◽  
Tomasz Klimczak ◽  
Adam Rosiński ◽  
Marek Stawowy
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Alarm System ◽  
Fire Alarm ◽  
Reliability Parameters ◽  
Alarm Systems ◽  
Operation Process ◽  
Fire Alarm System ◽  
Analysis Of Results ◽  
Rational Management ◽  
And Control

AbstractA fire alarm system (FAS) is a system comprising signalling-alarm devices, which automatically detect and transmit information about fire, but also receivers of fire alarms and receivers for damage signals. Fire alarm systems function in different environmental conditions. During operation they should be in state of fitness. This is determined by the reliability of the assembled units and rational management of the operation process. Therefore a reliability and operational analysis of fire alarm systems as a whole is essential. This article presents an authorial model and an operational and reliability analysis of FAS, which is exploited in a transport building. It also demonstrates relationships occurring in the analysed system, where to an addressable fire alarm central unit with detection loops and control-monitoring loops alarm device lines (with monitored relay outputs for actuation of alarm-signalling devices) were connected. Research and analysis of results for representative FAS, which were exploited in similar environmental conditions, were conducted in order to determine operational and reliability parameters of the investigated system. FAS computer simulation was run during the time t = 1 year of safety system operation. This led to the calculation of the probability value of the analysed FAS staying in the examined operational states.

scholarly journals SiAlS (Simple Alarm System) Based Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) and Basic Logic Gate as an Attempt to Preventing on Helmet Theft

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 229-230
Author(s):  
Aji Rahmadi ◽  
Adi Ahmad Dimisa ◽  
Asep Kurniawan ◽  
Frida Agung Rakhmadi
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Logic Gate ◽  
Logic Gates ◽  
Alarm System ◽  
Basic Logic ◽  
Alarm Systems ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Rearview Mirror

Research on the Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) and the basic logic gates in the designing and manufacturing SiAlS (Simple Alarm System) as an attempt to Prevent theft helmet on had been done. This research was conducted aiming to create and Characterize alarm system. This study was intended to Prevent theft of the helmet. The method used in this research is divided into three stages, designing, manufacturing and testing. The working principle of this alarm system is when the helmet is mounted in the rearview mirror, the LDR will be closed so that the resistance increases the which causes the alarm to Become inactive. However, if the helmet is taken, the alarm will activate because The resistance decreases. However, the alarm will not work if the sensor cable is cut by the thief. To Overcome this problem, additional circuits are made using a NOT logic gates. The results of this research are prototypes in testing alarm systems and alarm systems get a 100% success rate. The advantage of this alarm systems are cheap and simple, Because it does not use a microcontroller and can be made individually.

scholarly journals GSM Based SMS Alert Fire Alarm System

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 957-962
Author(s):  
Dr. Aziz Makandar
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Fire Detection ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Alarm System ◽  
Fire Alarm ◽  
Alarm Systems ◽  
Lcd Display ◽  
Fire Alarm System ◽  
Smoke Sensor ◽  
Fire Accidents

Abstract: The design of a fire alarm with Arduino-based system by means of GSM Module. The work purposely for house safety where the main point is to avoid the fire accidents occurred to the residents and the properties inside the house. In order to prevent losses accrued from fire accidents, various alarm systems have been developed such as smoke detectors, temperature sensor based systems etc. The design and implementation of a cost effective and reliable GSM based SMS Alert fire alarm system. The device will be able to monitor the temperature of the environment, the smoke level, send SMS alert to an inbuilt GSM number. When the system detects the temperature of 100C or more, it will immediately display an alert notification on LCD display and simultaneously sending an SMS alert to the users upon the high raise temperature in the house. This fire detection system consists of a smoke sensor, buzzer, LCD display and GSM module is interfaced with Arduino board. Keywords: Smoke sensor, GSM Module, Arduino, LED display, Buzzer

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