scholarly journals A WSN-Based Intrusion Alarm System to Improve Safety in Road Work Zones

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Martin ◽  
Alba Rozas ◽  
Alvaro Araujo
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Alarm System ◽  
Work Zones ◽  
Communication Interface ◽  
Alarm Systems ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Road Work

Road traffic accidents are one of the main causes of death and disability worldwide. Workers responsible for maintaining and repairing roadways are especially prone to suffer these events, given their exceptional exposure to traffic. Since these actuations usually coexist with regular traffic, an errant driver can easily intrude the work area and provoke a collision. Some authors have proposed mechanisms aimed at detecting breaches in the work zone perimeter and alerting workers, which are collectively called intrusion alarm systems. However, they have several limitations and have not yet fulfilled the necessities of these scenarios. In this paper, we propose a new intrusion alarm system based on a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). Our system is comprised of two main elements: vehicle detectors that form a virtual barrier and detect perimeter breaches by means of an ultrasonic beam and individual warning devices that transmit alerts to the workers. All these elements have a wireless communication interface and form a network that covers the whole work area. This network is in charge of transmitting and routing the alarms and coordinates the behavior of the system. We have tested our solution under real conditions with satisfactory results.

Capacity for North Carolina Freeway Work Zones

1996 ◽  
Vol 1529 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen K. Dixon ◽  
Joseph E. Hummer ◽  
Ann R. Lorscheider
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Site Location ◽  
Work Zones ◽  
Work Activity ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Speed Flow ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Rural Sites

Work zone capacity values for rural and urban freeways without continuous frontage roads were defined and determined. Data were collected using Nu-Metrics counters and classifiers at 24 work zones in North Carolina. The research included analysis of speed-flow behavior, evaluation of work zone sites based on lane configuration and site location, and determination of the location within the work zone where capacity is lowest. It was shown that the intensity of work activity and the type of study site (rural or urban) strongly affected work zone capacity. The data suggested that the location where capacity is reached is also variable based on the intensity of work. For heavy work in a two-lane to one-lane work zone configuration, the capacity values proposed at the active work area are approximately 1,200 vehicles per hour per lane for rural sites and 1,500 vehicles per hour per lane for urban sites. It is recommended that two distinct volumes be used when queue behavior in a freeway work zone is analyzed. The collapse from uninterrupted flow (designated work zone capacity) and the lower queue-discharge volume both should be considered.

scholarly journals Influence Range and Traffic Risk Analysis of Moving Work Zones on Urban Roads

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4196
Author(s):  
Song Fang ◽  
Jianxiao Ma
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Work Zones ◽  
The Road ◽  
Urban Expressway ◽  
The Right ◽  
Operation And Management ◽  
Left Lane

There is a body of literature on the influence range and traffic risk of fixed work zones. However, relatively few studies have examined the effect of ubiquitous moving operating vehicles, such as road cleaners, on urban roads. The influence of low speed moving work zones on road traffic flow and traffic risk is still unclear. In this work, we used simulations to establish an urban expressway three lanes VISSIM model, and selected the road traffic volume and speed of the moving work zone as the independent variables. We analyzed the range of influence of the moving work zone on the rear vehicles in the left, middle and right lanes of the urban expressway and the traffic risk variation law caused by the moving work zone. The results show that the left lane was indirectly affected by the moving work zone when the traffic volume reached 2000 pcu/h. The influence of the moving work zone on the middle lane was controlled by the traffic volume and the speed of the moving work zone. Both the left and middle lanes were mainly impacted by vehicles changing lane from the right lane. Regardless of the traffic volume and the speed of the moving work zone change, the vehicles 200 m behind a moving work zone will be directly affected in the right lane. Furthermore, the average traffic risk is the highest within 50 m of the moving work zone in the right lane. When the traffic volume decreases and the speed of the moving work zone increases, the average traffic risk decreases gradually. These results provide a scientific basis for the operation and management of moving working vehicles on urban roads.

scholarly journals Investigating the Causes of Death in the Injured of Traffic Accidents Referred to Vali-Asr Hospital in Arak, Based on Oral Autopsy and Forensic Autopsy

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-347
Author(s):  
Mohammad Jamalian ◽  
◽  
Mohsen Eslamdost ◽  
Ali Rezaee ◽  
Shabanali Alizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
The Mean

Background and Aim: The deaths caused by traffic accidents are one of the three leading causes of death in Iran. Considering that all deaths from traffic accidents in the forensic organization are undergoing autopsy and also in the treatment centers under oral autopsies, the cause of death is determined, we determined that the cause of reported death from oral autopsy and medical autopsy Compare the law. Methods & Materials: In this descriptive study, patients who were admitted to the forensic medical center during the year 1395 admitted to the Vali-e-Asr Hospital in Arak, were referred. The causes of death in Vali-asr Hospital were evaluated and compared with the outcome of the forensic oral hearing.  Ethical Considerations: This study ethcally approved by the ethics committee of the Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1395.226). Results: In this study, 109 patients (1.33%) died from a total of 8153 patients with traffic accidents referred to Valiasr hospital in Arak. Of these, 68.8% were male and 31.2% were women. The Mean±SD age of the patients died was 44.03±22.43 years. Also, 59.6% of the dead died during the first 24 hours of the accident. The most common cause of death, according to the results of oral autopsy, was “multiple injuries,” accounting for 49.5% of the patients in 45 patients. Conclusion: Abundance of deaths among patients with road traffic accidents and they referred to Valiasr hospital, which was 1.33%. According to the existing standards and considering that the mortality rate in this center is less than 1.5%. It seems that the level of service delivery in this center is favorable.

scholarly journals Population perspective comparing COVID-19 to all and common causes of death in seven European countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayanne Olabi ◽  
Jayshree Bagaria ◽  
Sunil Bhopal ◽  
Gwenetta Curry ◽  
Nazmy Villarroel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Mortality statistics on the COVID-19 pandemic have led to widespread concern and fear. To contextualise these data, we compared mortality related to COVID-19 with all and common causes of death, stratifying by age and sex. We also calculated deaths as a proportion of the population by age and sex. Methods: COVID-19 related mortality and population statistics from seven European countries were extracted: England and Wales, Italy, Germany, Spain, France, Portugal and Netherlands. Available data spanned 14-16 weeks since the first recorded deaths in each country, except Spain, where only comparable stratified data over an 8-week time period was available. The Global Burden of Disease database provided data on all deaths and those from pneumonia, cardiovascular disease combining ischaemic heart disease and stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, road traffic accidents and dementia. Findings: Deaths related to COVID-19, while modest overall, varied considerably by age. Deaths as a percentage of all cause deaths during the time period under study ranged from <0.01% in children in Germany, Portugal and Netherlands, to as high as 41.65% for men aged over 80 years in England and Wales. The percentage of the population who died from COVID-19 was less than 0.2% in every age group under the age of 80. In each country, over the age of 80, these proportions were: England and Wales 1.27% males, 0.87% females; Italy 0.6% males, 0.38% females; Germany 0.13% males, 0.09% females; France 0.39% males, 0.2% females; Portugal 0.2% males, 0.15% females; and Netherlands 0.6% males, 0.4% females. Interpretation: Mortality rates from COVID-19 remains low including when compared to other common causes of death and will likely decline further while control measures are maintained. These data may help people contextualise their risk and policy makers in decision-making.

scholarly journals Community Causes of Death in the Central Region of Ghana, the Missing Piece in Mortality Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Patrick Kafui Akakpo ◽  
Emmanuel Gustav Imbeah ◽  
Francis Agyarko-Wiredu ◽  
Kennedy Awlavi ◽  
Kwame Baah-Amoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Cardiovascular Disorders ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Causes Of Deaths

Objective. Mortality data from hospitals in Ghana suggest a changing mortality trend with noncommunicable diseases (cardiovascular disorders) replacing communicable diseases as the leading cause of death. Our objective was to find out the causes of deaths in the communities of the Central Region of Ghana and raise awareness of these causes of deaths while highlighting the differences that exist between data obtained from the community and that obtained from the hospital. Method. Mortality data from Coroner’s autopsies mostly provide data about the causes of deaths in the community (out of hospital). A retrospective descriptive study of Coroner’s autopsy data at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital was carried out over a six-year period. The various causes of death were categorized according to broad headings (accidents/injuries/poisoning, cardiovascular, infections, metabolic, neoplasms, and others). Results. A total of 1187 autopsies were reviewed of which 990 (83.4%) were Coroner’s cases. Of these Coroner’s cases, 719 (72.6%) were male and 271 (27.4%) were female. 521 (52.6%) of victims were young adults (18–44 years), and majority of deaths were unnatural (due to accidents, injuries, and poisoning) (64.1%), followed by the general category of others (15.3%). Cardiovascular deaths (6.6%) were fourth after infections (9.8%). In the leading category, most deaths were due to road traffic accidents (50.4%) as occupants of vehicles and motorcycles (28.7%) and as pedestrians (21.7%). Deaths due to road traffic accidents were followed by deaths due to drowning (14.96%). Conclusion. Although noncommunicable diseases are still the leading causes of death outside the hospital, most of the deaths are due to road traffic accidents and drowning. This is at variance with hospital data that suggest that the leading noncommunicable diseases are cardiovascular disorders and cancer. Again, like data derived from hospitals, infections remain a major cause of death in the Central Region of Ghana. Studies combining the causes of death derived from Coroner’s autopsies and communities and from medical certificates of cause of death will present a better picture of the leading causes of death in the Central Region and reveal the true nature of noncommunicable diseases that currently form our largest disease burden.

scholarly journals Ekspertni pristup poboljšanju sigurnosti u zonama radova na cesti

Sigurnost ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-260
Author(s):  
Joso Vrkljan ◽  
Miljenko Mustapić ◽  
Antun Štimac
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Road User ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
Work Zones ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Work

SUMMARY: An ever-increasing volume of traffic on Croatian roads increases the volume of maintenance work. Road works negatively impact traffic mobility and road user safety, and also safety of the maintenance workers. Improving traffic mobility and safety is the key issue that all interested parties (planning and managing road works and those executing them) should address. Mitigation of negative effects is possible via certain expert system measures. Presented in the paper are the options provided by expert systems implemented in the road work zones as factors for improving road maintenance and safe traffic flow, as well as road workers safety. Introducing relevant data into the data base, an expert system is created providing the driver approaching a road work zone with a number of alternative routes. Also shown is a driving diagram for road work zones with special focus on slowing down speed upon entering the road work zone. The results show that the implementation of expert systems based on relevant data would significantly facilitate traffic management in road work zones and improve the safety of traffic and road workers, as well as the workers' efficacy.

scholarly journals Evolución de la siniestralidad de personas que se transportan en moto en la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia en el periodo 2008- 2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Luis Fernando Restrepo Betancur ◽  
Joaquín Angulo Arizala
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Road Traffic Injuries ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Motorcycle Accidents ◽  
The City

Introducción: Los siniestros de tránsito son considerados un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial que repercuten en la sociedad, e inciden en la economía y en el sistema de salud de un país. Se considera dentro de las principales causas de muerte en el mundo. Entre los siniestros de tránsito, los asociados con las motos han llamado la atención a investigadores, debido a su alta participación porcentual. Objetivo: Evaluar los siniestros de moto ocurridos en la ciudad de Medellín-Colombia entre los años 2008 al 2014. Materiales y métodos: Se tomó la información reportada mensualmente por la Secretaría de Tránsito de 107.125 casos relacionados con los siniestros de tránsito asociados con los conductores de moto. Se utilizó análisis probabilístico, descriptivo exploratorio de tipo unidimensional y análisis MANOVA. Resultados: Se encontró un incremento significativo en los siniestros asociados con la conducción de motos, en la ciudad de Medellín en los últimos años, detectando diferencia (p<0,01) entre sexos, entre rangos de edad y tipos de siniestro. Conclusión: Esta investigación permitió evidenciar una tendencia creciente en la cantidad de heridos y personas fenecidas asociadas a la participación de motociclistas o de acompañantes, anotando que la mayoría perten|r{ al sexo masculino, en edades que oscilan entre los 20 y 29 años.AbstractIntroduction: Road traffic injuries are considered a public health problem worldwide which have an impact on society, economy and the health system of a country. It is considered one of the main causes of death around the world. Among road traffic injuries, those associated with motorcycles have drawn attention to researchers due to its high percentage participation. Objective: To evaluate motorcycle accidents that occurred between 2008 and 2014 in Medellin, Colombia.Materials and methods: The information reported monthly by the Secretariat of Transportation of 107.125 cases related to traffic accidents associated with motorcycle riders was taken. Probabilistic analysis, descriptive and exploratory analysis of dimensional type, and MANOVA were used. Results: A significant increase in road traffic injuries associated with motorcycle riding was found in the city of Medellin during the last years as well as the difference (p <0,01) between sexes, age ranges and types of loss. Conclusion: This research allowed to highlight an increasing trend in the number of wounded and defunct people associated with the participation of motorcycle riders or passengers, noting that the majority of them were males between 20 and 29 years old. 

PEMBOBOTAN PENILAIAN ASPEK KESELAMATAN DI ZONA KERJA PADA MASA PELAKSANAAN PROYEK PENINGKATAN JALAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Dewa Ketut Sudarsana ◽  
Mayun Nandiasa ◽  
Ida Bagus Made Artamana
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Minimum Length ◽  
Work Zones ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Road Work ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Descriptive Method

Road safety is a topic that came out over the years and has now become a worldwideproblem. This can be picked up with the founding of the Decade of Action for Road Safety 2010-2020 by the United Nations. Efforts of prevention road safety during the implementation of roadimprovement has been specified in the path of contract execution. However, assessment of safetyaudits in the work zone on the road improvements has not been studied. Descriptive method used toidentify related attributes of safety in the work zone. Hierarchy and the weighting of each attribute isused the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The results obtained in, the weighting of the 4criteria division of work zones in sequence from the weight of greater are: the work zone; closerszone; initial taper zone and end taper zone by weight are: 59%; 27%; 9% and 6%. Weight rating ofalternative attributes for closers zone criteria is: road work warning signs: lane usage instructionssigns; closers zone distance; narrowing of lanes of the road warning signs and speed limit warningsigns, with their respective weights are: 46%; 23%; 15%; 11%; 5%. Weight rating attributesalternative to early taper zone criteria are: the installation of cone/guardrail; reflector at the initial ofthe work zone; minimum taper length requirement with respective weights: 53%; 30%; 17%.Assessment criteria attribute for the work zone are: minimum length of the work zone; the minimalwidth of the work zone; installation cone/guardrail; and the minimum distance between work zones,with respective weights: 70%; 15%; 9%; 6%. And the weight of attribute ratings for end zonecriteria is: the installation of cone/guardrail and followed with a minimum length end taperrequirements, with respective weights: 82%; 18%. Abstrak: Keselamatan Jalan merupakan isu yang mengemuka dari tahun ke tahun dan saat ini sudahmenjadi permasalahan global. Hal ini dapat dilihat dengan dicanangkannya Decade of Action forRoad Safety 2010-2020 oleh Perserikatan Bangsa Bangsa. Upaya pencegahan keselamatan dijalanselama masa pelaksanaan peningkatan jalan telah diatur dalam kontrak pelaksanaan jalan. Namuncara penilaian pemeriksaan keselamatan di jalan pada zona kerja pelaksanaan peningkatan jalanbelum diteliti. Metode deskriptif digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi atribut terkait aspek keselamatandi zona kerja pekerjaan jalan. Hirarki dan pembobotan penilaian masing masing atributmenggunakan metode Proses Hirarki Analitikal (PHA). Hasil rancangan pembobotan pada levelkreteria medapatkan 4 kreteria pembagian zona kerja secara teurut dari bobot kepentingan yanglebih besar adalah zona kerja; zona pendekat; zona taper awal dan zona taper akhir dengan bobotadalah 59%; 27%; 9% dan 6%. Bobot penilaian atribut alternative untuk kreteria zona pendekatadalah: rambu peringatan ada pekerjaan jalan; rambu petunjuk penggunaan lajur; jarak zonapendekat; rambu peringatan penyempitan lajur jalan dan rambu peringatan batas kecepatan, denganbobot masing-masing adalah: 46%; 23%; 15%; 11%; 5%. Bobot penilaian atribut alternative untukkreteria zona taper awal adalah: pemasangan kerucut/guardrail; pemasangan reflector padapertemuan taper awal dengan zona kerja; persyaratan panjang taper minimum dengan bobot masingmasing:53%; 30%; 17%. Penilaian atribut untuk kreteria zona kerja adalah: panjang zona kerjaminimum: lebar zona kerja minimum; pemasangan kerucut/guardrail; dan jarak antar zona kerjaminimum, dengan bobot masing-masing: 70%; 15%; 9%; 6%. Dan bobot penilaian atribut untukkreteria zona penjauh adalah: pemasangan kerucut/guardrail dan diikuti dengan persyaratanpanjang taper akhir minimum, dengan bobot masing-masing: 82%; 18%.Kata kunci: keselamtan, metode PHA, zona kerja, peningkatan jalan

scholarly journals Pattern and Cause of Road Traffic Accidents in Morang District

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
Sudhan Poudel ◽  
Sudarshan Dhungana ◽  
Raksha Dahal
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fiscal Year ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Frequency

Background: Road traffic accidents is growing continuously as a global burden and would be a leading cause of death in developing countries. The global burden of road traffic accidents continues to grow and promises to overtake tropical diseases as leading causes of death in the developing world. This study aimed to study the pattern and causes of road traffic accidents in Morang district.Methods: Record based descriptive cross-sectional study was used by reviewing all registered RTA cases of the District Traffic Police Office, Morang during fiscal year 2074/75 (Shrawan 2074 to Ashad 2075). 501 road traffic accident cases were found in the record and used for the study. The data was analysed using SPSS v 16 and presented in normal frequency tables and crosstables.Results: Out of 501 accidents 32.2% occurred Friday and Saturday. In the evening time, most of the accidents occurred. In highways, 53.5% of accident cases occurred. 82% of the accidents occurred in blacktop road. Two-wheelers are mostly involved in accident cases (77%). Negligence (55.7%) and over-speed (36.5%) were the major reasons for accidents. In 33% of cases, accidents occurred involving pedestrians and cyclists. 80% of the drivers are below 40 years; similarly 80% of the victims are also below 40 years. Among victims who died 84.1% were male and among injured 73.3% were males.Conclusions: Weekends, evening, highways and two wheelers are more accident prone time, place and vehicles respectively. Overspeed and negligence of driver tends to major cause of accidents and majority of victims are the young bike riders and pedestrians. Keywords: Burden; causes; road traffic accidents; pattern

scholarly journals Highway capacity in work zones – experiences in foreign conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Stefan Andjelkovic ◽  
Vladan Tubić
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Work Zone ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Work Zones ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Traffic Demand ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Satisfactory Level ◽  
Road Capacity ◽  
Road Work

Traffic management in the highway work zones is a challenge for all traffic engineers. Road work zones are one of the most significant problems for the normal realization of traffic conditions, which can cause various consequences that will greatly reduce capacity and reduce the level of service. On the sections in the work zone, bottlenecks appear, which result in congestion, ie. lead to an imbalance of traffic demand and road capacity. This paper provides an overview of the literature and foreign experiences and ways of regulating traffic in the work zones on the highway. Bearing in mind that we are talking about roads of the highest rank, where are sections with work zones, it is necessary to maintain a satisfactory level of service by applying the concept of regulation that will minimally interfere the normal realization of traffic conditions.

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