scholarly journals The paradox of contemporary midwifery practice: Promoting an out-of-hospital birth setting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Bronwyn Torrance
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Place Of Birth ◽  
Hospital Birth ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Primary Unit

<p>In New Zealand women choose their place of birth in partnership with their Lead Maternity Care (case loading) midwife, with most choosing a hospital regardless of their lack of risk factors. The reasons why most women in western countries choose to birth in hospital have been widely investigated. Risk aversity is most commonly implicated. For both women and health professionals this powerful discourse persists despite consistent research findings indicating higher rates of normal birth, and lower rates of maternal morbidity associated with interventions for healthy women who birth in out-of-hospital (primary) maternity units, with no difference in neonatal outcomes. There is however a gap in the literature regarding what is known about how midwives might positively influence the choice to birth in a primary unit.   A qualitative descriptive design through an appreciative inquiry lens enabled insight from 12 midwives who have a higher ratio of women within their caseload who choose to birth in a primary unit. Four focus groups were formed with these midwives to explore their perspectives and approaches as they assist women to make their place of birth decisions. From thematically analysed data, five themes emerged, Ways of knowing: woman, art, science and research; Trusting in you, me, and the process of childbirth; Setting boundaries as a ‘primary birth midwife’; and Delaying and diverting, a malleable approach, centered around the theme When it matters what we say: reframing safety and risk.   Alongside supporting current research, this study adds to the body of knowledge about birthplace choice by bringing to the fore the notion of paradox in practice, setting boundaries whilst remaining malleable for example. In a contemporary maternity context, these midwives dance between two worlds fundamentally at odds with one another, effectively managing contradiction, complexity and uncertainty to achieve a high primary unit caseload. The experience of what works to promote the primary unit for a cohort of New Zealand midwives is uncovered in this research.   The social recalibrations needed to adjust the hospital birth norm are much broader issues than midwives alone can change, but in this study, we see they are staying the course in order to protect and promote normal birth. How midwives might inform decision-making for place of birth choice is described.</p>

scholarly journals The paradox of contemporary midwifery practice: Promoting an out-of-hospital birth setting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Bronwyn Torrance
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Place Of Birth ◽  
Hospital Birth ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Primary Unit

<p>In New Zealand women choose their place of birth in partnership with their Lead Maternity Care (case loading) midwife, with most choosing a hospital regardless of their lack of risk factors. The reasons why most women in western countries choose to birth in hospital have been widely investigated. Risk aversity is most commonly implicated. For both women and health professionals this powerful discourse persists despite consistent research findings indicating higher rates of normal birth, and lower rates of maternal morbidity associated with interventions for healthy women who birth in out-of-hospital (primary) maternity units, with no difference in neonatal outcomes. There is however a gap in the literature regarding what is known about how midwives might positively influence the choice to birth in a primary unit.   A qualitative descriptive design through an appreciative inquiry lens enabled insight from 12 midwives who have a higher ratio of women within their caseload who choose to birth in a primary unit. Four focus groups were formed with these midwives to explore their perspectives and approaches as they assist women to make their place of birth decisions. From thematically analysed data, five themes emerged, Ways of knowing: woman, art, science and research; Trusting in you, me, and the process of childbirth; Setting boundaries as a ‘primary birth midwife’; and Delaying and diverting, a malleable approach, centered around the theme When it matters what we say: reframing safety and risk.   Alongside supporting current research, this study adds to the body of knowledge about birthplace choice by bringing to the fore the notion of paradox in practice, setting boundaries whilst remaining malleable for example. In a contemporary maternity context, these midwives dance between two worlds fundamentally at odds with one another, effectively managing contradiction, complexity and uncertainty to achieve a high primary unit caseload. The experience of what works to promote the primary unit for a cohort of New Zealand midwives is uncovered in this research.   The social recalibrations needed to adjust the hospital birth norm are much broader issues than midwives alone can change, but in this study, we see they are staying the course in order to protect and promote normal birth. How midwives might inform decision-making for place of birth choice is described.</p>

Ka mura ka muri: understandings of organ donation and transplantation in Aotearoa New Zealand

2021 ◽  
pp. medhum-2020-012038
Author(s):  
Rhonda Shaw ◽  
Robert Webb
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Interview Studies

In this article, we refer to the separation of solid organs from the body as bio-objects. We suggest that the transfer of these bio-objects is connected to emotions and affects that carry a range of different social and cultural meanings specific to the context of Aotearoa New Zealand. The discussion draws on research findings from a series of qualitative indepth interview studies conducted from 2008 to 2013 with Māori (the Indigenous people of Aotearoa New Zealand) and Pākehā (European settler New Zealanders) concerning their views on organ donation and transplantation. Our findings show both differences and similarities between Māori and Pākehā understandings of transplantation. Nevertheless, while many Māori draw on traditional principles, values and beliefs to reflect on their experiences in relation to embodiment, gift-giving, identity and well-being, Pākehā tend to subscribe to more Western understandings of identity in terms of health and well-being, in line with international literature on the topic. Rather than reflecting individualistic notions of the body and transplantation as the endpoint of healthcare as do Pākehā, Māori views are linked to wider conceptions of family, ancestry and belonging, demonstrating how different rationalities and ontologies affect practices and understandings surrounding organ transfer technology. In the article, we focus predominantly on Māori perspectives of organ transfer, contextualising the accounts and experiences of our research participants against the backdrop of a long history of settler colonialism and health inequalities in Aotearoa New Zealand.

scholarly journals Guidelines for Theory Development using Qualitative Research Approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. pp95-103
Author(s):  
Noel Pearse
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Field Work ◽  
The Body ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Research Propositions

Qualitative research has been criticised for not building a distinctive body of knowledge, leading to fewer publications and citations. In the light of this critique, this paper offers guidance on how qualitative researchers can contribute to developing a distinctive and cumulative body of knowledge, thereby attracting more attention to their research. In pursuit of this aim, there are four objectives addressed in this paper. The first objective is to explain the relevance and value of deductive qualitative approaches to theory building. Secondly, to illustrate how examining the maturation of a concept can help decide the appropriateness of a particular research approach. This paper explains how in their planning, researchers need to confirm their intention to contribute to theory development and to ensure that this is appropriate, given the stage of maturation of the concept to be investigated. The third objective is to offer guidance on the philosophical assumptions of the researcher and how to test research propositions. Therefore, it is advised that data collection and analysis should take place within a post-positivist paradigm, and that the field work should be designed and carried out with research propositions as a point of departure. The final research objective is to explain how the findings of a deductive qualitative study should be handled to demonstrate the contribution of the study to the body of knowledge. Here guidance is offered on the contextualisation and generalisation of research findings.

Implications, Limitations, and Future Research

2019 ◽  
pp. 110-115
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
The Body ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Ict Tools ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
The Right ◽  
Practical Implications

This chapter aims to explain the different implications of the research results, including theoretical implications, and how the findings contribute to the body of knowledge, and the practical implications for managers and decision makers in organizations. These include how they could use the research findings to achieve better results in customer, employee, society, and overall performance areas by developing the right types of organizational culture and using the right ICT tools. This chapter also sets out the research limitations and provides recommendations for future research based on the findings and experience from this study.

Golden Age of Psychodrama at Saint Elizabeths Hospital (1939–2004)

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-32
Author(s):  
Dale Richard Buchanan ◽  
David Franklin Swink
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
The World ◽  
Elizabeths Hospital

The Psychodrama Program at Saint Elizabeths Hospital (SEH) was founded by J. L. Moreno, MD, and contributed to the profession for 65 years. A strong case can be made that, next to the Moreno Institute, the SEH psychodrama program was the most influential center for psychodrama in the United States and the world. This article describes those contributions, including training 16% of all certified psychodramatists; enhancing and advancing the body of knowledge base through more than 50 peer-reviewed published articles or book chapters; pioneering the use of psychodrama in law enforcement and criminal justice; and its trainees making significant contributions to the theory and practice of psychodrama including but not limited to founding psychodrama in Australia and New Zealand.

The Queen of Hearts: Exploring the process of creating queer art and its use in dietetic research and practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Phillip Joy ◽  
James Iain Neith
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Central Character ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Alice In Wonderland ◽  
Queer Art ◽  
Research Findings

Body image issues for gay men can shape their overall health and wellbeing. The intent of this article is to explore the personal and creative process in translating research findings to art. The article first presents a brief overview of the research that explored how social and cultural norms constitute the beliefs, values, and practices of gay men concerning their eating, body image, and health. The research findings are translated through an art piece that is disruptive to the dominant ways of knowing about the body ideals set before gay men. An art piece that is, therefore, by definition queer art. The findings, and hence, the art are interpreted through the classic tale of Alice in Wonderland - a poststructural piece of literature. The article describes the considerations and processes used to create the art, including the central character, the colors, and the the symbolism of its various components.  Implications of queer art to dietetic practice are discussed.     

Libraries of Babel: exploring library language and its suitability for the community

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (8/9) ◽  
pp. 612-627
Author(s):  
Michael Alexander Fauchelle
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Information Access ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Community Recommendations ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Language Context

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the different aspects of language that are present in the signage, handouts and websites of public libraries. It discusses the extent to which this language reflects the varying demographics of library clients. Design/methodology/approach This paper reports on a qualitative study, which took a document analysis approach and utilised an inductive-coding technique to analyse data collected from four lower North Island libraries in New Zealand. Findings Five language aspects were identified from the collected data: monolingual, bilingual and multilingual language; language context; welcoming and prohibitive language; language consistency; and jargon. The nature and incidence of these aspects were evaluated for each of the four libraries. In some cases, the libraries achieve an accurate reflection of client demographics through their language. However, each library could make some changes to their use of language to better accommodate their distinct communities. Practical implications This paper suggests that modifying library language to better reflect client demographics will contribute to an atmosphere of inclusion, welcome and acceptance. Such an atmosphere will promote information access for all members of the community. Recommendations for change are made, as well as suggestions for future research. Originality/value This paper contributes to the body of knowledge on communication and language in libraries, particularly in a New Zealand context where there is a paucity of research on this topic. This paper benefits libraries and clients by identifying patterns, contrasts and potential improvements.

scholarly journals Child’s Play: Devising Intergenerational Collaborative Theatre With and For Young People in Aotearoa New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerryn Palmer
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Young People ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Career Option ◽  
Child's Play

<b>This thesis investigates intergenerational collaborative theatre with and for young people in Aotearoa/New Zealand. It researches current practices in theatre for, by, and with young people (henceforth referred to as TYA), in New Zealand, and standards by which quality TYA can be recognised. Utilising an arts research methodology, this thesis identifies practical strategies for engaging a young audience and explores an intergenerational, collaborative devising theatre model for and with young people. It examines how theatre practitioners can work with young people to increase their sense of agency and empowerment in the work. </b><p>The purpose of this research is to contribute to an under-researched body of knowledge within New Zealand theatre, and enhance the current practice and status of TYA in Aotearoa and beyond. It critically analyses the way TYA is created, raising awareness of the body of work in Aotearoa/New Zealand, and contributes to academic and practitioner-based publications about TYA. This investigation aspires to create a pathway for directors and teachers, and to empower practitioners to create great TYA and view it as a valid and valuable career option, not just as a stepping stone to making adult theatre. </p>

scholarly journals Ascertaining the Inconsistency of AEC Students’ Perceptions and Behaviors Regarding Sustainability by Mixed Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13274
Author(s):  
Yuanxin Zhang ◽  
Liujun Xu ◽  
Wei Wu ◽  
Zaijing Gong ◽  
Hashem Izadi Moud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Spatial Distance ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Recycling Behavior

University students in architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) are the main force and future leaders of the construction industry, and their values shape the model and direction of the industry’s future development. The construction industry is the largest contributor of waste and greenhouse gas emissions. However, there is an inconsistency between AEC university students’ perceptions and behaviors regarding sustainability, which has received little attention. This study attempts to shed light on the root causes of the inconsistency from the psychological perspective, incorporating construal level (CL) theory and psychological distance (PD) theory into situational settings of the experiment. We recruited 556 AEC students from 20 different universities to participate in data collection. Research findings revealed that PD has a significant influence on AEC students’ recycling behavior with variance in the effect of different dimensions, even though CL has no significant impact. Furthermore, findings show that spatial distance poses the greatest impact on AEC student recycling behavior, followed by information distance, temporal distance, experience distance, hypothetical distance, and social distance. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by introducing CL and PD into sustainability perception and behavior research in construction and has practical implications for universities with sustainability curricula in AEC.

scholarly journals Child’s Play: Devising Intergenerational Collaborative Theatre With and For Young People in Aotearoa New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerryn Palmer
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Young People ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Career Option ◽  
Child's Play

<b>This thesis investigates intergenerational collaborative theatre with and for young people in Aotearoa/New Zealand. It researches current practices in theatre for, by, and with young people (henceforth referred to as TYA), in New Zealand, and standards by which quality TYA can be recognised. Utilising an arts research methodology, this thesis identifies practical strategies for engaging a young audience and explores an intergenerational, collaborative devising theatre model for and with young people. It examines how theatre practitioners can work with young people to increase their sense of agency and empowerment in the work. </b><p>The purpose of this research is to contribute to an under-researched body of knowledge within New Zealand theatre, and enhance the current practice and status of TYA in Aotearoa and beyond. It critically analyses the way TYA is created, raising awareness of the body of work in Aotearoa/New Zealand, and contributes to academic and practitioner-based publications about TYA. This investigation aspires to create a pathway for directors and teachers, and to empower practitioners to create great TYA and view it as a valid and valuable career option, not just as a stepping stone to making adult theatre. </p>

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