MOLECULAR IMAGING METHODS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS OF CORONAVIRUS INFECTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Kudryavtsev A.D. ◽  
Filimonova A.M. ◽  
Znamenskiy I.А.
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Imaging Methods ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

A study was conducted to determine the possibility of using and evaluate the effectiveness of nuclear medicine methods for diagnosing inflammatory changes in the cardiovascular system in patients with coronavirus infection. The study ex-amined 10 patients with a confirmed moderate-severity COVID-19 infection without a history of cardiovascular dis-eases. The diagnosis was performed using PET / CT with 18-FDG. In the future, a visual assessment of the degree of accu-mulation of radiopharmaceuticals drugs in the myocardium and its distribution. For comparison, we used PET / CT data of the myocardium of healthy patients from the Department's database. According to the results of the study, 25% showed an increased accumulation of radiopharmaceutical in the myocardium without a clear correspondence to the vascular highways, which indicates the presence of an inflammatory process in the heart muscle, despite the absence of clinical manifestations. The study shows the high efficiency of molec-ular imaging methods in the diagnosis of inflammatory changes in the cardiovascular system in patients with COVID-19.

POSSIBILITIES OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PNEUMONIA ASSOCIATED WITH COVID-19

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 247-251
Author(s):  
А.Н. Ахмульдинова ◽  
Г.Д. Касымбекова ◽  
Д.Н. Дауыт ◽  
Ж.А. Калыев
Keyword(s):  
Central City ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Thoracic Cavity ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Plane Image ◽  
Pulmonary Pathology ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Computed Tomograph ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Актуальность проблемы быстрой и точной диагностики пневмонии, ассоциированной с covid-19, в период присвоения коронавирусной инфекции (covid-19) статуса пандемии, безусловно бесспорна. Своевременная диагностика влияет на прогноз заболевания. Цель оценить возможности КТ при выявлении пневмонии, ассоциированной с covid-19 и уточнения стадии развития пневмонии. Материал и методы. Исследования проводились на мультиспиральном компьютерном томографе SOMATOM Difinition AS (Siemens). В исследования включены пациенты, прошедшие КТ грудной полости с 01.06.2020. по 31.08.2020. из базы Центральной Городской Клинической Больницы (ЦГКБ) г.Алматы. Результаты КТ оценивали визуальным методом. Визуальную оценку осуществляли с использованием трехплоскостной реформации изображений, что позволяло определить локализацию, контуры, протяженность измененных участков легочной ткани. Результаты. По данным проведенных обследований у большинства пациентов были выявлены признаки воспалительных изменений в легких, которые оценивались рентгенологами нашей клиники с учетом уже известных на тот момент специфических паттернов, характерных для пневмонии, ассоциированной с covid-19. По результатам КТ органов грудной клетки при дифференциальной диагностике пневмонии, ассоциированной с covid-19 от другой легочной патологии. Специфичность составила 88%. Заключение. КТ органов грудной полости является высокоспецифичным методом исследования при диагностике пневмонии, ассоциированной с covid-19. The urgency of the problem of rapid and accurate diagnosis of pneumonia associated with covid-19 during the assignment of coronavirus infection (covid-19) pandemic status is certainly indisputable. Timely diagnosis affects the prognosis of the disease. The aim is to evaluate the possibilities of CT in detecting pneumonia associated with covid-19 and to clarify the stage of development of pneumonia. Material and methods. The studies were carried out on a multispiral computed tomograph SOMATOM Difinition AS (Siemens). The study included patients who underwent CT of the thoracic cavity from 01.06.2020. to 31.08.2020. from the base of the Central City Clinical Hospital (CGKB) in Almaty. CT results were evaluated by visual method. Visual assessment was carried out using a three-plane image reformation, which made it possible to determine the localization, contours, and extent of the altered areas of lung tissue. Results. According to the conducted examinations, most patients showed signs of inflammatory changes in the lungs, which were evaluated by radiologists of our clinic taking into account the specific patterns already known at that time, characteristic of pneumonia associated with covid-19. According to the results of CT of the chest organs in the differential diagnosis of pneumonia associated with covid-19 from other pulmonary pathology. The specificity was 88%. Conclusion. CT of the thoracic cavity is a highly specific method of investigation in the diagnosis of pneumonia associated with covid-19.

Hematological indicators for lung damage caused by COVID-19 infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 676-682
Author(s):  
E. A. Borodulina ◽  
Zh. P. Vasneva ◽  
B. E. Borodulin ◽  
E. S. Vdoushkina ◽  
L. V. Povalyaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Hematological Indicators ◽  
Lung Tissue Damage ◽  
Damage Characteristic

During the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection one of the most serious complications is pneumonia. When entering a specialized pulmonology Department, the presence of pneumonia is confirmed by computed tomography (CT), the etiology is confirmed by the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by PCR, the article analyzes the indicators of blood analysis when patients are admitted to the hospital. All admitted patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 of the study - with a new coronavirus infection Covid-19, confirmed by the detection of PCR-RNA SARS-CoV-2 (n=27). Group 2 consisted of 65 patients (70.7%) with lung tissue damage characteristic of Covid-19 according to CT, who had a negative analysis of PCR-RNA SARS-CoV-2. Statistically significant deviations were shown in a decrease in the percentage and absolute content of lymphocytes, monocytes and platelets, and an increase in neutrophils. The comparative analysis in the groups with positive and negative PCR analysis for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA showed no statistically significant differences. It can be assumed that with the similarity of clinical manifestations and CT-data, a negative result of PCR-RNA SARS-CoV-2 can be diagnosed as «lung damage caused by COVID-19 infection».

scholarly journals Topical issues of cardiovascular disease in patients with new coronoviral infection COVID-19. Clinical and morphological study

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Elizaveta V. Zbyshevskaya ◽  
Tatyana I. Makeeva ◽  
Fatima I. Bitakova ◽  
Marina N. Bakholdina ◽  
Elena V. Sivtsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Relationship

In about 30% of cases, Sars-CoV-2 pneumonia is complicated by damage to the cardiovascular system myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, strokes, which are often fatal. There is still little data on the relationship between clinical manifestations and structural changes in the cardiovascular system during a new coronavirus infection. The material for the study was the data of the case histories and autopsies of 185 patients suffering from COVID-19 infection in the period SeptemberDecember 2020. In the deceased patients, a higher percentage of lung tissue damage was recorded on CT data, and a low level of oxygen saturation at the time of hospitalization. Most of the patients had a history of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, and cancer. The pronounced course of systemic immune inflammation was manifested by a high average level of indicators such as D-dimmer, ferritin, C-reactive protein and fibrinogen. Among the causes of death, respiratory failure prevailed against the background of infectious-toxic shock. Damage to the cardiovascular system was manifested by the development of acute myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, stroke. Evaluation of the data of postmortem examination revealed a higher prevalence of stroke and a lower incidence of pulmonary embolism and acute myocardial infarction. In a histological study, damage to the cardiovascular system is represented by direct damage to the myocardium in the form of microcytolysis of cardiomyocytes with the development of necrotic areas. The data obtained from the analysis of the study results allow us to draw conclusions about the relationship between the severity of the course of a new coronavirus infection and the frequency of damage to the cardiovascular system, as well as make assumptions about individual links in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in COVID-19 (1 figure, 2 tables, bibliography: 10 refs).

Coronaviruses and the cardiovascular system

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 1208-1208
Author(s):  
Juan M Pericàs ◽  
Marta Farrero ◽  
Marta Hernández-Meneses ◽  
Timothy P Sheahan ◽  
Carlos Falces ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Cardiac Injury ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
System P ◽  
Human Coronaviruses ◽  
The One

The three human coronaviruses that emerged (E-CoVs) in the last two decades, i.e. severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), pose a serious threat to global health. They share some characteristics, including the fact that although the most affected organ is the lung, human E-CoVs often cause a hyperinflammatory multiorgan disease. As in the case of many other viruses, coronaviruses cause cardiovascular disease. The cardiovascular system is predominantly affected in the case of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as their primary receptor. Yet, available evidence indicates that SARS-CoV-2 is the one with higher avidity for the cardiovascular system and greater capacity to cause cardiac injury and thromboembolic events, along with a plethora of cardiovascular manifestations. This chapter provides a clinically oriented summary of the most relevant features of viral infections in relation to the cardiovascular system and the virology and pathophysiological characteristics of E-CoVs, as well as the risk factors, associated clinical manifestations, and current evidence for the management of cardiovascular complications caused by COVID-19.

scholarly journals Antibiotic-associated colitis in patients with COVID-19 – from imaging to diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
A. S. Vinokurov ◽  
M. V. Nikiforova ◽  
A. A. Oganesyan ◽  
A. L. Yudin
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Therapy ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Dyspeptic Symptom ◽  
Colon Wall ◽  
Abdominal Symptoms ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Ct Data

The purpose of the study. To identify the main CT signs of colon inflammatory in patients with COVID-19, to correlate the detected signs with clinical manifestations and therapy, as well as to assess the validity of prescribing antibacterial therapy in accordance with Temporary guidelines for the treatment of coronavirus infection.Materials and methods. The data of CT scans of the chest and medical records were analyzed in 30 patients with confirmed coronavirus infection, in whom changes in the colon wall appeared in dynamics at the scanning level during CT. Laboratory data indicators, prescribed therapy, the presence of combined diseases were evaluated.Results. According to CT data, in dynamics in all patients – circular thickening of the colon wall with loss of gaustration, thickening of the submucosal layer in 63,3%, in 93,3% – edema of paracolic fiber. Shifts in the laboratory parameters were noted at admission: leukocytosis in 16.6%, an increase in procalcitonin in 13,3%; leukocyturia, bacteriuria – in 20%. None of the patients had indications of abdominal symptoms at admission, in dynamics at least one abdominal/dyspeptic symptom appeared in 76,6%. Fecal analysis for C.difficile toxins was taken in 50% patients, in 60% the result is positive. All patients were prescribed antibiotics and other therapy in the first 1–3 days of hospitalization. In 53,3%, levofloxacin (per os) was prescribed in combination with protected generation III cephalosporin (intravenously).Conclusions. Shifts in colon with C.difficile colitis in patients with COVID-19 according to CT data are highly likely to reflect the appearance of a pathological process and necessarily require a conclusion. There was a fact of irrational prescription of antibacterial therapy. Clear criteria for prescribing antibiotics against the background of immunosuppressive therapy are needed.

scholarly journals Imaging analysis of 13 rare cases of renal collecting (Bellini) duct carcinoma in northern China: a case series and literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhehao Lyu ◽  
Lili Liu ◽  
Huimin Li ◽  
Haibo Wang ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Renal Tumors ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Duct Carcinoma ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Bellini Duct Carcinoma ◽  
Mass Type

Abstract Background Collecting (Bellini) duct carcinoma (CDC) is a highly malignant and rare kidney tumor. We report our 12-year experience with CDC and the results of a retrospective analysis of patients and tumor characteristics, clinical manifestations, and imaging features by computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET)/CT. Methods Retrospective examination of tumors between January 2007 and December 2019 identified 13 cases of CDC from three medical centers in northern China. All 13 patients underwent CT scan, among which eight underwent dynamic enhanced CT scan, two underwent PET/CT scan, and one underwent magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) examination. The lesions were divided into nephritis type and mass type according to the morphology of the tumors. Results The study group included ten men and three women with an average age of 64.23 ± 10.74 years. The clinical manifestations were gross hematuria, flank pain, and waist discomfort. The mean tumor size was 8.48 ± 2.48 cm. Of the 13 cases, six (46.2%) were cortical-medullary involved type and seven (53.8%) were cortex–medullary–pelvis involved type. Eleven (84.6%) cases were nephritis type and two (15.4%) were mass type. The lesions appeared solid or complex solid and cystic on CT and MRI. The parenchymal area of the tumors showed isodensity or slightly higher density on unenhanced CT scan in the 13 cases. PET/CT in two cases showed increased radioactivity intake. Evidence of intra-abdominal metastatic disease was present on CT in nine (69.2%) cases. Conclusions The imaging characteristics of CDC differ from those of other renal cell carcinomas. In renal tumors located in the junction zone of the renal cortex and medulla that show unclear borders, slight enhancement, and metastases in the early stage, a diagnosis of CDC needs to be considered. PET/CT provides crucial information for the diagnosis of CDC, as well as for designing treatment strategies including surgery.

scholarly journals ACE2 Is an Adjacent Element of Atherosclerosis and COVID-19 Pathogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4691
Author(s):  
Anastasia V. Poznyak ◽  
Evgeny E. Bezsonov ◽  
Ali H. Eid ◽  
Tatyana V. Popkova ◽  
Ludmila V. Nedosugova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽  
Adjacent Element ◽  
Chinese Province ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Interspecies Barrier

COVID-19 is a highly contagious new infection caused by the single-stranded RNA Sars-CoV-2 virus. For the first time, this infection was recorded in December 2019 in the Chinese province of Wuhan. The virus presumably crossed the interspecies barrier and passed to humans from a bat. Initially, the disease was considered exclusively in the context of damage to the respiratory system, but it quickly became clear that the disease also entails serious consequences from various systems, including the cardiovascular system. Among these consequences are myocarditis, myocardial damage, subsequent heart failure, myocardial infarction, and Takotsubo syndrome. On the other hand, clinical data indicate that the presence of chronic diseases in a patient aggravates the course and outcome of coronavirus infection. In this context, the relationship between COVID-19 and atherosclerosis, a condition preceding cardiovascular disease and other disorders of the heart and blood vessels, is particularly interesting. The renin-angiotensin system is essential for the pathogenesis of both coronavirus disease and atherosclerosis. In particular, it has been shown that ACE2, an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, plays a key role in Sars-CoV-2 infection due to its receptor activity. It is noteworthy that this enzyme is important for the normal functioning of the cardiovascular system. Disruptions in its production and functioning can lead to various disorders, including atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Complete Ring Artifacts Reduction Procedure for Lab-Based X-ray Nano CT Systems

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Jakub Šalplachta ◽  
Tomáš Zikmund ◽  
Marek Zemek ◽  
Adam Břínek ◽  
Yoshihiro Takeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Image Inpainting ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Reduction Procedure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Artifacts Reduction ◽  
Ct Data

In this article, we introduce a new ring artifacts reduction procedure that combines several ideas from existing methods into one complex and robust approach with a goal to overcome their individual weaknesses and limitations. The procedure differentiates two types of ring artifacts according to their cause and character in computed tomography (CT) data. Each type is then addressed separately in the sinogram domain. The novel iterative schemes based on relative total variations (RTV) were integrated to detect the artifacts. The correction process uses the image inpainting, and the intensity deviations smoothing method. The procedure was implemented in scope of lab-based X-ray nano CT with detection systems based on charge-coupled device (CCD) and scientific complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (sCMOS) technologies. The procedure was then further tested and optimized on the simulated data and the real CT data of selected samples with different compositions. The performance of the procedure was quantitatively evaluated in terms of the artifacts’ detection accuracy, the comparison with existing methods, and the ability to preserve spatial resolution. The results show a high efficiency of ring removal and the preservation of the original sample’s structure.

scholarly journals Splenic uptake on FDG PET/CT correlates with Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease severity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Seong ◽  
Yong Hyu Jeong ◽  
Woon Ji Lee ◽  
Jun Hyoung Kim ◽  
Jung Ho Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Standardized Uptake Value ◽  
Total Lesion Glycolysis ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

AbstractKikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is usually self-limiting, but prolonged systemic symptoms often result in frequent hospital visits, long admission durations, or missed workdays. We investigated the role of fluorine-18 fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in assessing KFD severity. We reviewed the records of 31 adult patients with pathologically confirmed KFD who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT between November 2007 and April 2018 at a tertiary-care referral hospital. Disease severity was assessed using criteria based on clinical manifestations of advanced KFD. Systemic activated lymph nodes and severity of splenic activation were determined using semi-quantitative and volumetric PET/CT parameters. The median of the mean splenic standardized uptake value (SUVmean) was higher in patients with severe KFD than those with mild KFD (2.38 ± 1.18 vs. 1.79 ± 0.99, p = 0.058). Patients with severe KFD had more systemically activated volume and glycolytic activity than those with mild KFD (total lesion glycolysis: 473.5 ± 504.4 vs. 201.6 ± 363.5, p = 0.024). Multivariate logistic regression showed that myalgia (odds ratio [OR] 0.035; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.001–0.792; p = 0.035), total lymph node SUVmax (cutoff 9.27; OR 24.734; 95% CI 1.323–462.407; p = 0.032), and spleen SUVmean (cutoff 1.79; OR 37.770; 95% CI 1.769–806.583; p = 0.020) were significantly associated with severe KFD. 18F-FDG PET/CT could be useful in assessing KFD severity.

scholarly journals Modulation of Autophagy by SARS-CoV-2: A Potential Threat for Cardiovascular System

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puneet Kaur Randhawa ◽  
Kaylyn Scanlon ◽  
Jay Rappaport ◽  
Manish K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Host Cell ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Extracellular Proteases ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Number Of Patients

Recently, we have witnessed an unprecedented increase in the number of patients suffering from respiratory tract illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The COVID-19 virus is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus with a genome size of ~29.9 kb. It is believed that the viral spike (S) protein attaches to angiotensin converting enzyme 2 cell surface receptors and, eventually, the virus gains access into the host cell with the help of intracellular/extracellular proteases or by the endosomal pathway. Once, the virus enters the host cell, it can either be degraded via autophagy or evade autophagic degradation and replicate using the virus encoded RNA dependent RNA polymerase. The virus is highly contagious and can impair the respiratory system of the host causing dyspnea, cough, fever, and tightness in the chest. This disease is also characterized by an abrupt upsurge in the levels of proinflammatory/inflammatory cytokines and chemotactic factors in a process known as cytokine storm. Certain reports have suggested that COVID-19 infection can aggravate cardiovascular complications, in fact, the individuals with underlying co-morbidities are more prone to the disease. In this review, we shall discuss the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, potential drug candidates, the interaction between virus and autophagy, and the role of coronavirus in exaggerating cardiovascular complications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document