scholarly journals Current Trends in the Development of Mechanisms of State Stimulation in the Manufacturing Industry in Developed Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 118-127
Author(s):  
N. M. Abdikeev ◽  
Yu. S. Bogachev ◽  
E. L. Moreva
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Stimulation Of

The need to ensure the transition of Russia to the six technological mode, of creation of the adequate conditions for this and effective management of such a transition, make the authors turn to the analysis of modern mechanisms used for this purpose, including the state stimulation of the manufacturing industry, which has a leading role in the consolidation of such a transition. The difficulties faced by our country in this task make us turn to the study of the experience of foreign countries that have succeeded in this transition. These includeGermany,Japanand theUnited States, which have long been the steady leaders in the development and use of advanced technologies and in the development of the manufacturing industry as well. The subject of our study was the assessment of the mechanisms of state incentives for manufacturing industry used in countries with developed market economies, through the prism of the objectives and approaches to the functional purpose of the sector. The aim of the study was a determination of the limits of effective use of the mechanisms of state stimulation of the manufacturing industry inGermany,Japanand theUnited States. The methodological basis of the study was: general scientific methods of cognition and research, including system and logical methods, analysis, synthesis, analogy; branch scientific methods, such as economic comparative studies, etc. The analysis of the use of mechanisms of state stimulation of the manufacturing industry in Germany, Japan and the United States shows that the effective use of well-established and well-known in the world mechanisms of state stimulation of manufacturing industry requires in each case a separate integrated and balanced approach to their application with a clearly defined target focus of such use, as well as taking into account the specifics of the entities to which they are addressed, and the multilevel environment in which they operate.

scholarly journals ELECTRONIC MEANS OF PROOF IN CIVIL PROCESS

2021 ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
S. V. Dyachenko ◽  
S. V. Dyachenko
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Electronic Evidence ◽  
Civil Process ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Civil Proceedings ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Effective Use

The purpose of the article is to explore the issues of electronic means of proof in the civil process of Ukraine and foreign countries, the problems of application, as well as to identify possible ways to improve them. Relevance of research is due to that the issue of electronic evidence is gaining new importance at the present stage during the rapid development and improvement of electronic means of communication and media which causes the emergence of new theoretical and practical problems in their application. In this regard, a comparative analysis of the legislative consolidation and practice of application of this topic in civil proceedings of foreign countries and Ukraine will provide an opportunity to identify further ways to modernize electronic evidence in general. Also, the problematic issues concerning their application during the trial have not been fully resolved and the peculiarities of other countries have not been singled out. Therefore, effective use of the achievements of scientific and technological progress has become an important issue in the judiciary due to the continuous computerization and informatization. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and generalization of available scientific and theoretical material and the formulation of relevant conclusions and proposals. The following general scientific methods of cognition were used during the research: dialectical, terminological, logical-semantic, system-structural, logical-normative, comparative. The issues of legislative regulation of electronic evidence in Ukraine and other countries, their key differences, as well as the author’s ways to improve electronic evidence by borrowing best practices from other countries, including the United States. Problematic aspects of legislative consolidation of electronic evidence have been identified, the possibility of introducing forensic methods into the civil process to establish the authenticity of the provided electronic evidence and application of the blockchain system in order to prevent their destruction has been assessed. The current legal positions from judicial practice were given and analyzed on the issues under consideration. The results of the study can be used in lawmaking and law enforcement activities for the use of electronic evidence in civil proceedings.

scholarly journals INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN THE USE OF THE EXPERTISE IN CASES RELATED TO INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4-2) ◽  
pp. 165-175
Author(s):  
Антон Савенко
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Forensic Examination ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Forensic Institutions ◽  
New Type ◽  
General Scientific

In the context of digitalization of the economy and the growing number of legal proceedings related to intellectual property objects, there is a need to form a forensic examination of intellectual property objects as a new type of expertise produced by state forensic institutions. In order to form this new direction, it is necessary to study foreign experience of using the expertise in such cases. Purpose: to study the experience of using the expertise in cases of intellectual property objects in some foreign countries. Results: general dialectical method, in particular methods of formal logic, a number of general scientific methods such as comparison, description, etc., as well as special scientific methods: formal-legal, comparative-legal. Conclusions: the study shows different approaches to the organization of legal proceedings using expertise in the courts of Germany, Japan, Ukraine and the United States. This foreign experience will help to form Russian approach to the forensic examination of intellectual property objects.

Effectiveness of the consumer protection system upon purchasing goods in online stores

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Iryna Y. Puchkovska ◽  
Oleksandr O. Biliaiev ◽  
Victor P. Yanyshen ◽  
Hanna O. Urazova
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Customer Reviews ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Current State ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Online Stores ◽  
Potential Customers

Every year, the vast majority of countries switch to an online environment. This is especially true for online stores. The subject of this study is the system of consumer protection upon buying goods in online stores and its effectiveness. The purpose is to analyse the state of development of e-commerce in Ukraine and the system of consumer protection upon purchasing goods in online stores. The following general scientific methods were used: classification and theoretical generalisation – to study the theoretical foundations of e-commerce; statistical analysis – to analyse the current state of e-commerce in Ukraine and the consumer protection system. The following results were obtained: based on the analysis of the provisions of current legislation and the experience of foreign countries describing the development of the e-commerce market in Ukraine and the world, the main trends that have developed have been identified, the positive and negative aspects of e-commerce have been identified, as well as the effectiveness of the consumer protection system upon purchasing goods in online stores. It was concluded that the “e-commerce” industry is developing very dynamically. Consumer protection upon purchasing goods through online stores is carried out as with a regular purchase and sale, but it has a number of specific features. To attract potential customers and build their trust, online stores try to post as much information about their products and services as possible on their official websites, including customer reviews. This indicates that the sellers themselves are interested in resolving disputes as soon as possible and preserving their reputation. Taking this into account, it is the improvement of the consumer literacy of citizens, the ability to fully exercise their rights, and to protect their interests in case of certain contradictions that is one of the ways to solve the existing problems

scholarly journals Regulation of advocacy profession: global trends

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (69) ◽  
pp. 689-706
Author(s):  
Tetiana Vilchyk ◽  
Alla Sokolova ◽  
Tetiana Demchyna
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Legal Profession ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Regulatory Models

The objective of the article is to analyze the regulation of the legal profession and its global trends. There are many different types of regulators globally, and many different sources and methods of regulation. There is no simple approach to setting goals for regulating the legal profession in different legal systems. Although self-regulation of the legal profession is considered the basis for adhering to the standard of its independence, at the same time, academics recognize the existence of the theory of the management of the legal profession. To study these problems, the authors conducted a comparative study of the regulatory models of the legal profession in the world in terms of compliance with international standards of legal independence in different legal jurisdictions and made some suggestions to improve the legal regulation of the legal profession in Ukraine. Empirical sources for scientific research were international documents, court decisions, national legislation of Great Britain, Canada, the United States, Ireland, Scotland, Australia and others, and the work of scientists. The article uses general scientific methods - dialectic, analysis, synthesis, analogy, etc., and special methods, particularly legal, historical, and formal comparative law.

scholarly journals STATE SUPPORT: CONSTITUTIONAL FIXING IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-817
Author(s):  
Aleksej N. Nifanov ◽  
Andrey V. Sushkov ◽  
Abdurahman A. Shahbanov ◽  
Vasilij A. Zajcev ◽  
Elnur E. Veliev
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
State Support ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Scientific System

Purpose: Taking into account the domestic experience, the present study was aimed at carrying out a comparative analysis of the constitutions of foreign countries in order to identify the norms related to the state support in them. Methodology: The present study was carried out based on a dialectical approach to investigate the legal phenomena and processes, using general scientific (system, logical, analysis and synthesis) and private scientific methods. Result: The findings of this study revealed the opportunity for the organization of various recipients of the declared support; and identification of alternative approaches to consolidation of the constitutional laws regarding the state support. Applications: This research can be used for universities and students in politic. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of constitutional fixing in foreign countries is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.

Global experience in implementing electronic administrative services

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Yevhen A. Hetman ◽  
Viacheslav S. Politanskyі ◽  
Kateryna O. Hetman
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Administrative Services ◽  
Online Mode ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
General Scientific

One of the factors for the development of civil society in democratically developed countries is an effective, wellfunctioning institution for providing administrative electronic services. Despite the intensity and wide scope of research covering various aspects of providing electronic administrative services to the population, many issues in this area remain quite debatable, as well as understudied, which conditioned the relevance of the study. The study is aimed at investigating the specific features of implementing electronic administrative services in the practice of countries with the most developed e-government mechanisms. In the study of the problem, a set of general scientific and special methods of cognition was used, in particular, the leading methods were: dialectical, comparative legal, analysis, synthesis, interpretation. The study analysed criteria for evaluating electronic administrative services in the leading countries of the European Union and the United States. The study examines the basic electronic administrative services for citizens in online mode provided in the countries of the European Commonwealth. The study examines the global experience of implementing electronic administrative services in such countries as: USA; France; Great Britain; Germany; Estonia and Sweden. The author’s approach to defining the concept of electronic administrative services is formulated, based on a personal interpretation of this concept from the standpoint of general theoretical analysis. It is concluded that one of the best ways to encourage the provision of administrative services in electronic form in the countries of the European Union is to standardise their provision – the development of clear organisational and technical-technological rules and requirements, and their main position is that the provision of services through electronic means of communication should complement, and not replace other communication channels

scholarly journals On the Regulatory Framework for Last-Mile Delivery Robots

Machines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Hoffmann ◽  
Gunnar Prause
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
The United States ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Legal Implications ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Public Traffic ◽  
Last Mile Delivery

Autonomously driving delivery robots are developed all around the world, and the first prototypes are tested already in last-mile deliveries of packages. Estonia plays a leading role in this field with its, start-up Starship Technologies, which operates not only in Estonia but also in foreign countries like Germany, Great Britain, and the United States of America (USA), where it seems to provide a promising solution of the last-mile problem. But the more and more frequent appearance of delivery robots in public traffic reveals shortcomings in the regulatory framework of the usage of these autonomous vehicles—despite the maturity of the underlying technology. The related regulatory questions are reaching from data protection over liability for torts performance to such mundane fields as traffic law, which a logistic service provider has to take into account. This paper analyses and further develops the regulatory framework of autonomous delivery robots for packages by highlighting legal implications. Since delivery robots can be understood as cyber-physical systems in the context of Industry 4.0, the research contributes to the related regulatory framework of Industry 4.0 in international terms. Finally, the paper discusses future perspectives and proposes specific modes of compliance.

scholarly journals MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY FUNCTIONING EFFICIENCY ESTIMATION IN THE REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
A. Sh. Kamaletdinov ◽  
A. A. Ksenofontov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Efficiency Estimation ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation

Manufacturing industry functioning efficiency on the territory of the Russian Federation has been analysed. Statistical data offered by the Federal Tax Service and the Federal State Statistics Service of Russia have been used for research. The object of the study is 85 subjects of the Russian Federation, the subject of the study is the type of economic activity “Manufacturing”, which operates on their territories. The methodological basis of the research were the general scientific methods of cognition. As special methods of cognition, statistical methods were chosen. The index method as a private scientific method has been used. An indicator of the effectiveness of the economic activity “Manufacturing” has been developed. The structure of tax revenues and employed population by type of economic activity in 2017 has been studied. A distribution of subjects by type of economic activity “Manufacturing” has been created.

scholarly journals Visual Analysis of Crop Rotation Fallow Patterns in Recent 5 Years Based on CiteSpace

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Li ◽  
Huifang Xu ◽  
Guoqin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Visualization Software ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Research Level

Based on the "Web of Science Core Collection" (SCIE database), this article used the visualization software CiteSpace to visualize and analyze the crop rotation fallow patterns in the past five years. It analyzed the countries, institutions, keywords and hot topics of related literature to explore their research characteristics and development, and to provide reference for crop rotation fallow research and practice. The research shows that: 1) developed countries are the main research force in the field of crop rotation and fallowing, and the connection between the research of each country and each institution is not close; 2) research hotspots can be mainly summarized as: crop growth and yield, greenhouse gas emissions and soil health analysis, and the research in this field is constantly refined, combining macro and micro; 3) In recent years, there is a big gap between China and foreign countries in the field of crop rotation and fallow research. It is necessary to strengthen the cooperation with research institutions in developed countries in Europe and the United States, and to carry out crossregional and interdisciplinary research cooperation to improve the quality of papers and scientific research level.

scholarly journals The work of the Council of Border Troops' Commanders on combating illegal migration at the external borders of the CIS member-states

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Aleksey Nikolaevich Kaldyshev
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Illegal Migration ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Member States ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Subject

The subject of this research is the work of the Council of Border Troops' Commanders on combating illegal migration at the external borders of the CIS member-states. The conducted analysis determines the practical components of main efforts and separate results of the activity of the Council of Border Troops' Commanders. However, the dynamic changes in situation and forms of illegal activity at the external borders of CIS member-states obligates the border and law enforcement authorities to act using the advanced technologies. Research methodology includes the combination of general scientific methods, such as systemic analysis and summarization of scientific concepts. The main conclusions consists in recommendations of improvement of the system of information exchange between the bodies of sectoral cooperation on combatting illegal migration at the external borders of CIS member-states, with consideration of the existing experience of the bodies of sectoral cooperation, as well as the experience of other international organizations and foreign countries.

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