scholarly journals Frequencies of genotypes and alleles of rs41256848 in the LHCGR gene in the population of black-and-white holsteinized cattle

2019 ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
Аrina Аndranikovna Tagmazian ◽  
Anna Leonidovna Arkhipova ◽  
Artyom Vladimirovich Brigida ◽  
Eugene Aleksandrovich Klimov ◽  
Svetlana Nikolaevna Kovalchuk
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Hormonal Stimulation ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Embryo Transfer Technique ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Donor Cows

Embryo transfer technique is one of the key in accelerated reproduction of cattle. One of the most important stages is the selection of donor cows that are most sensitive to the procedure of hormonal stimulation of ovulation. One of the promising genetic markers of the reproductive status of cattle is currently the gene encoding the luteinizing hormone / choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR). One of the SNP in the LHCGR gene of cattle has already been described in the literature as associated with the number of oocytes and the quality of embryos - rs41256848 (c.1401G> T, p.Trp467Cys). The purpose of this work was to estimate the frequencies of genotypes and alleles of this substitution in the population of Black-and-White holsteinized cattle (190 cows). Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP method. In the studied population of cattle, the frequency of the G allele associated with higher rates in the total number of oocytes and the number of embryos survived after transplantation, as well as with the least number of unfertilized oocytes, is 63.2%.  

scholarly journals Dynamics of arborization of secretions of mucous membranes for the stimulated sexual cycle of cows

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (83) ◽  
pp. 172-175
Author(s):  
Yu.S. Masalovich ◽  
O.A. Val'chuk ◽  
S.S. Dercach
Keyword(s):  
Meteor Shower ◽  
Sexual Cycle ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Hormonal Stimulation ◽  
Ovulatory Follicle ◽  
Yellow Body ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Estrus Stage

The changes of arborization of secretions of mucous membranes during stimulated sexual cycle in cows have been investigated. It is established that the dynamics of arborization from the oral mucous membranes, the vestibule of the vagina for hormonal stimulation of the sexual cycle has a direct effect on the level of estrogens in cows. Starting from the third day of research, the number of animals in which we observed a clear arborization increased to four (40%), which indicates an increase in estrogen levels. Instead, six animals (60%) lacked arborization. On the fourth day in the estrus stage (insemination day), the number of cows in the smears we noticed a clear arborization increased to 7 (70%). This was the highest rate during the studies and suggests that only 7 cows had the highest estrogen levels at their peak. From the fifth to the 10th day of the study, a gradual decrease in the number of animals in smears was marked by clear arborization. This, in its turn, is associated with the formation on the site of an ovulatory follicle of the yellow body that begins to produce a progesterone, indicating the stage of the meteor shower. At the 12th of observation in smears of one animal was marked a clear crystallization while in the other nine it was absent. Beginning from the 13th to the 21st day, arboretization in the smears from the mucous membrane of prickly vagina was absent. Only on 14, 15, 17, and 20th day it was noticed singular or not clear arborization. At the 22–24th day of observation in one cow, signs of the next sexual cycle were recorded. Namely, in smears, we noticed a clear arborization, which confirms the renewal of sexual cycle and lack of fertilization. Mucus mucous membranes of spit vagina and saliva of cows for spontaneous want have a longer-term character and a clear figure in the form of a leaf of fern than in the induced sexual cycle, where the drawing was less intense and short-lived in the stage of the estrus. According to our data, one can sometimes observe single crystallization in the stage of metetrusus and diestrus. This is what we associate with the selection of smears from the oral cavity after feeding the animals with concentrated foods, acidic silage, and in smears from mucus, vinegar vinegar – functional disorders in the sexual system.

scholarly journals Study of an association between SNP 775C>T within the bovine ITBG2 gene and milk performance traits in Black and White cows

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Czarnik ◽  
M. Galinski ◽  
Ch.S. Pareek ◽  
T. Zabolewicz ◽  
Z. Wielgosz-Groth
Keyword(s):  
Silent Mutation ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Performance Traits ◽  
Milk Performance ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Quality Of Milk ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

The exclusive pre-selective effect of BLAD carriers reproducing in the exposed Holstein-Friesian cattle population prompted to search for the candidate gene variants of high quality of milk performance traits within the bovine <i>ITBG</i>2 gene or loci linked with bovine <i>ITBG</i>2 gene. Theoretical considerations indicated that the &Idquo;silent mutation&rdquo; C&rarr;T localized at the position of 775 bp of the gene encoding the CD18 subunit might be a potential QTL marker of high milk productivity. An association study between the polymorphism of SNP 775C>T, and the diversification of milk performance traits was carried out on the progeny of four bulls with genotypes <i>BL/TL</i> and 775<i>C/T</i> and one bull with genotypes <i>TL/TL</i> and 775<i>C/T</i>. The results documented statistically significant differences in the protein content percentage of milk in two half-sib families of bulls with <i>BL/TL</i> and 775<i>C/T</i> genotype and one half-sib family of bull with <i>TL/TL</i> and 775<i>C/T</i> genotype. It was further concluded that the polymorphism of SNP 775C>T was found to be a more efficient QTL marker than that of D128G, since in all the analysed milk performance traits for half-sib families higher values of the F coefficient were obtained for the SNP 775C>T mutation in comparison with D128G.

scholarly journals SYSTEM OF DIRECTED REPRODUCTION OF DAIRY CATTLE

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
В.Г. СЕМЕНОВ ◽  
С.Г. КОНДРУЧИНА ◽  
А.Н. МАЙКОТОВ ◽  
С.Л. ТОЛСТОВА ◽  
Т.Н. ИВАНОВА
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Hormonal Stimulation ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Follicular Cyst ◽  
Sexed Semen ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Eastern Kazakhstan

Цель работы – изучить влияние направленного воспроизводства коров на формирование высокопродуктивных здоровых стад. Методология. Научно-исследовательская работа проведена в базовых хозяйствах Республики Казахстан: СПК «ПЗ Алматы», ИП «Сыдыков», ИП «Каримов», ТОО «Тастобе АгроФуд» Алматинской, ТОО «Какпатас-Кордай» Жамбылской, ТОО «Борте милка» Туркестанской и КХ «Зайтенов» Восточно-Казахстанской областей. Для искусственного осеменения выбирали телок 12-14-месячного возраста живой массой от 360 кг и коров-первотелок голштинской, симментальской, швицкой и черно-пестрой пород. Осеменение проводили ректоцервикальным методом с помощью инструмента Alpha Vision заморожено-оттаянным семенем, разделенным по полу. Результаты. Для ускоренного ремонта стада и увеличения поголовья высокопродуктивных коров в крупных хозяйствах по производству молока используют сексированное семя при первом и втором осеменении первотелок, полученных от высокопродуктивных матерей. Согласно научным данным, эффективность, получаемая от использования данной методики, составляет 65-95 % особей желательного пола. Наиболее высокие результаты плодотворности осеменения сексированным семенем в СПК «ПЗ Алматы», ИП «Каримов» и КХ «Какпатас Кордай» получены в осенне-зимний период и составили от 58,1 до 65,2 %, при индексе осеменения 1,58-1,72. При использовании сексированного семени от первотелок в среднем получено 92 % телок. При сравнительном анализе результатов по всем хозяйствам наиболее высокие показатели плодотворности осеменения отмечены у телок при естественной половой охоте. На фоне гормональной стимуляции половой охоты наблюдается снижение плодотворности осеменения в среднем на 4,72 %. При диспансеризации коров и телок выявлено 202 головы с нарушением воспроизводительных функций, из них вылечено 176 голов (87,13 %), с эндометритом – 81,25 %, с фолликулярной кистой – 86,79 %, с гипофункцией яичников – 91,76 %. Заключение. Научно обосновано и экспериментально доказано влияние направленного воспроизводства коров на формирование высокопродуктивных здоровых стад в базовых хозяйствах Республики Казахстан. Problem and purpose. The purpose of the work was to study the efect of directed reproduction of cows on formation of highly productive healthy herds. Methodology. The research was carried out at the basic farms of the Republic of Kazakhstan: APC “PZ Almaty”, PE “Sydykov”, PE “Karimov”, LLP “Tastobe AgroFood” in Almaty region, LLP “Kakpatas-Kordai” in Zhambyl region, LLP “Borte Milka” in Turkestan region and CF "Zaitenov" in Eastern-Kazakhstan region. For artifcial insemination, a calf of 12-14 months of age was chosen with a living mass of 360 kg and frst-born cows of Holstein, Simmental, Schwitz and black and white breeds. Insemination was performed by recto-cervical method using Alpha Vision tool with frozen-thawed semen divided by sex. Results. For accelerated repair of herd and increase of number of highly productive cows at large dairy farms one uses sexed semen for the frst and the second insemination of fresh cows got from highly productive mothers. According to scientifc data, the efciency obtained from using this technique is 65-95 % of individuals are of the desired sex. The highest results of the fruitfulness of insemination by sexed semen were obtained at APC “PZ Almaty”, PE “Karimov” and LLP “Kakpatas-Kordai” in the autumn-winter period and ranged from 58.1 to 65.2 %, with an insemination index of 1.58-1.72. When using sexed semen from fresh cows, about 92 % of heifers were obtained. With a comparative analysis of the results for all farms, the highest indicators of the fruitfulness of insemination were noted in calves during natural estrus. Against the background of hormonal stimulation of estrus, there was a decrease in the fruitfulness of insemination by an average of 4.72 %. During the medical examination of cows and heifers, 202 heads with impaired reproductive functions were detected, of which 176 heads (87.13 %) were cured, with endometritis - 81.25 %, with follicular cyst - 86.79 %, with ovarian hypofunction - 91.76 %. Conclusion. The infuence of directed reproduction of cows on formation of highly productive healthy herdswas scientifcally and experimentally proved at basic farms of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

scholarly journals Association of BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles with fusobacteriosis in cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-254
Author(s):  
T. M. Suprovych ◽  
M. P. Suprovych ◽  
R. V. Kolinchuk ◽  
T. M. Karchevska ◽  
I. O. Chornyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Class Ii Antigens ◽  
Dairy Breed ◽  
Selection Of

The Major Histocompatability Complex (MHC) determines the immune response to pathogens, and its genes are promising candidates for the search of associations with diseases. A special role is played by BoLA-DRB3 gene, the product of which directly participates in the binding of alien antigens and conditions the specificity of the immune response. The second exon of this gene codes β1-domain of class II antigens, which is necessary for binding a broad spectrum of alien antigens. Exon 2 of BoLA-DRB3 gene is extremely polymorphic, giving the possibility to search the associations of its alleles with various diseases. The article provides the results of the study on polymorphism of alleles of BoLA-DRB3.2 gene for detection of its associations with sensitivity to fusobacteriosis (necrobacteriosis) of cows. The survey was performed using PCR-RFLP method with DNA of blood from 176 cows of two herds of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed. As a result of the studies, in the first herd, 25 BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles were found. In the selections of nectobacteriosis susceptible and resistant cows, we found 22 and 21 variants respectively. In the second herd, in the general selection and group of healthy animals, 27 alleles were typed, and 22 in the group of susceptible cows. BoLA-DRB3.2*22 allele was the commonest in both herds in both general selections and groups of nectobacteriosis-resistant cows. In the selection of susceptible animals, the commonest was the variant BoLA-DRB3.2*16. We determined statistically significant associations of BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles with sensitivity to nectobacteriosis of cattle. BoLA-DRB3.2*03 and *22 alleles associate with nectobacteriosis-resistant, while *16 and *23 – with nectobacteriosis-susceptible cows of the both studied groups. Also, in the first herd, another allele was found – *24, indicating close relationship with the disease. The studies of polymorphism of BoLA-DRB3 gene expand the knowledge about genetic peculiarities of the Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed. The identified molecular-genetic markers could be useful for breeders whose work is oriented towards the formation of herds which are resistant to diseases of the limbs in cattle.

scholarly journals Preferred and undesirable genotypes of bGH and bIGF-1 genes for the milk yield and quality of black-and-white breed

2021 ◽  
pp. 1202-1209
Author(s):  
Vadim Aleksandrovich Ulyanov ◽  
Bakhyt Zhanaidarovna Kubekova ◽  
Indira Saltanovna Beishova ◽  
Alena Valentinovna Belaya ◽  
Natalya Vladimirovna Papusha
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
White Breed

Background and Aim: The market demand for the quality of milk and dairy products, in particular in terms of such indicators as fat content, the amount and composition of milk protein, etc., is growing. Thus, the need for the selection of dairy herds using genetic markers associated with qualitative traits of milk productivity is becoming urgent. This study aimed to determine the preferred and undesirable genotypes of the AluI polymorphism of the growth hormone gene and SnaBI polymorphism of the insulin-like growth factor-1 gene associated with milk productivity and quality indicators of the black-and-white breed. The genotypes of animals were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Materials and Methods: Samples of the black-and-white breed from Kazakhstan served as the research subjects. The polymorphism of the growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 genes was determined by PCR-RFLP. The relationship of bGH-AluI and bIGF-1-SnaBI polymorphisms with productivity was assessed (fat, protein, and milk yield for 305 days of lactation, live weight, somatic cells, and milk production coefficient) by analysis of variance using Statistica 6.0 software. Results: The black-and-white cows with the bGH-AluILV genotype had significantly higher milk yield in 305 days (3174.5±157.2 kg) than those with the bGH-AluILL (2940.0±152.6 kg) and bGH-AluIVV genotypes (2964.0±36.0; p<0.05). The milk fat content of cows with genotypes bGH-AluILV and bGH-AluILL (121.8±6.5 and 120.6±10.2, respectively) was significantly higher than those with bGH-AluIVV genotype (109.8±10.8; p<0.05). The black-and-white cows with the bGH-AluILV genotype (96.7±5.3) had significantly more milk protein than those with the bGH-AluILL (90.3±5.6) and bGH-AluIVV (86.9±4.6) genotypes (p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the indicators of milk productivity of cows with different genotypes of bIGF-1-SnaBI polymorphism. Conclusion: The results showed that the bGH-AluILV genotype was preferred for the black-and-white breed. The study demonstrated that genotype determined the relevant qualities, while the conditions of feeding, maintenance, and industrial technology provided the manifestation of this genotype. Thus, cows of the same (Wis Burke Ideal) line, having common ancestors in close (IV–V) ranks but living in different farming conditions, had large differences in milk productivity level. The variation was 2046 kg or 67.6% of milk per lactation.

Small Computer System for Micrograph Analysis

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 270-271
Author(s):  
J. F. Hainfeld ◽  
J. S. Wall
Keyword(s):  
Large Range ◽  
Small Computer ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Contour Maps ◽  
Points Of Interest ◽  
Computer Aided Analysis ◽  
Specialized Hardware ◽  
Additional Memory ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Publication Quality

Cost reduction and availability of specialized hardware for image processing have made it reasonable to purchase a stand-alone interactive work station for computer aided analysis of micrographs. Some features of such a system are: 1) Ease of selection of points of interest on the micrograph. A cursor can be quickly positioned and coordinates entered with a switch. 2) The image can be nondestructively zoomed to a higher magnification for closer examination and roaming (panning) can be done around the picture. 3) Contrast and brightness of the picture can be varied over a very large range by changing the display look-up tables. 4) Marking items of interest can be done by drawing circles, vectors or alphanumerics on an additional memory plane so that the picture data remains intact. 5) Color pictures can easily be produced. Since the human eye can detect many more colors than gray levels, often a color encoded micrograph reveals many features not readily apparent with a black and white display. Colors can be used to construct contour maps of objects of interest. 6) Publication quality prints can easily be produced by taking pictures with a standard camera of the T.V. monitor screen.

ON THE EXPERT’S RIGHT TO BE PRESENT AT LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
M. G. Shcherbakovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Initial Data ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Data Acquiring ◽  
Selection Of

The article discusses the reasonsfor an expert to participate in legal proceedings. The gnoseological reason for that consists of the bad quality of materials subject to examination that renders the examination either completely impossible or compromises objective, reasoned and reliable assessment of the findings. The procedural reason consists ofa proscription for an expert to collect evidence himself or herself. The author investigates into the ways of how an expert can participate in legal proceedings. If the defense invites an expert to participate in the proceedings, then it is recommended that his or her involvement should be in the presence of attesting witnesses and recorded in the protocol. In the course of the legal proceedings an expert has the following tasks: adding initial data, acquiring new initial data, understanding the situation of the incident, acquiring new objects to be studied, including samples for examination. An expert’s participation in legal proceedings differs from the participation of a specialist or an examination on the scene of the incident. The author describes the tasks that an expert solves in the course of legal proceedings, the peculiarities ofan investigation experiment practices, the selection of samples for an examination, inspection, interrogation.

Implementasi Voip Server Berbasis IPV6 Dengan Raspberry PI

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Rabbai San Arif ◽  
Yuli Fitrisia ◽  
Agus Urip Ari Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Internet Protocol ◽  
Wireless Transmission ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Average Delay ◽  
Ipv6 Network ◽  
Ip Network ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a telecommunications technology that is able to pass the communication service in Internet Protocol networks so as to allow communicating between users in an IP network. However VoIP technology still has weakness in the Quality of Service (QoS). VOPI weaknesses is affected by the selection of the physical servers used. In this research, VoIP is configured on Linux operating system with Asterisk as VoIP application server and integrated on a Raspberry Pi by using wired and wireless network as the transmission medium. Because of depletion of IPv4 capacity that can be used on the network, it needs to be applied to VoIP system using the IPv6 network protocol with supports devices. The test results by using a wired transmission medium that has obtained are the average delay is 117.851 ms, jitter is 5.796 ms, packet loss is 0.38%, throughput is 962.861 kbps, 8.33% of CPU usage and 59.33% of memory usage. The analysis shows that the wired transmission media is better than the wireless transmission media and wireless-wired.

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