scholarly journals Application of chelated fertilizers on irrigated vegetable crops in the Saratov Zavolzhye

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Nina Anatolievna Pron’ko ◽  
Constantin Viacheslavovich Korsakov ◽  
Viktor Vasilievich Pron’ko ◽  
Denis Alexandrovich Stepanchenko
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Additional Increase ◽  
Potassium Sodium ◽  
Sodium Humate ◽  
Red Beet ◽  
White Cabbage ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Reliable Increase

The effect of chelated fertilizers that produced by the NPO "Power of Life" on the productivity of the main vegetable crops was studied in field experiments on irrigated terraced dark chestnut soils of the Saratov Zavolzhye (Trans-Volga region). It was established that the yield of the vegetable crops under study increases with the use of fertilizers based on humic acids. The increase in yield due to reasil micro hydro mix was: 35.8% of cucumber, 28.3% of red beet roots, 22.6% of tomato, 20.9% of late white cabbage, 9.1% of onion, 6.8% of carrot roots. The reasil micro hydro mix was more effective than potassium-sodium humate with trace elements, for all the studied vegetable crops under study. The average increase in productivity was 20.6% versus 16.0%. The effect of chelated microfertilizers on the yield of vegetable crops was ambiguous. A significant reliable increase in yield due to all the studied chelated microfertilizers, used both together with reasil micro hydro mix, and together with potassium-sodium humate with trace elements, was established only when growing onions. An additional increase in the yield of red beet roots 4.42 t / ha was obtained only when treated with reasil humic N on the background of potassium-sodium humate with trace elements. An additional increase in the yield of late white cabbage was 9.23 and 8.15 t / ha when treated with reasil Mg, respectively, against the background of reasil micro hydro mix and potassium-sodium humate with trace elements. On tomatoes, chelated microfertilizers were effective only against the background of potassium-sodium humate with trace elements. Cucumber responded positively to all chelated microfertilizers on the background of potassium-sodium humate with trace elements, as well as to reasil humic N and reasil Ca/Mg/B on the background of reasil micro hydro mix. On carrots, a significant increase in yield was obtained when treated with reasil Ca, reasil Ca/ Mg/ B and reasil humic N against the background of reasil micro hydro mix.

The table beet in vegetable potato crop rotations in the south of the Far East of Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Н.А. Сакара ◽  
В.И. Леунов ◽  
Т.С. Тарасова ◽  
В.А. Николаев
Keyword(s):  
Potato Crop ◽  
Far East ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Far East Of Russia ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
The South ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Red Beet ◽  
White Cabbage

Столовая свекла – одна из важных культур в овощных и овощекартофельных севооборотах. Однако однозначных сведений о ее реакции на предшествующие культуры при чередовании нет. Для изучения этого вопроса на Приморской овощной опытной станции – филиале ФГБНУ ФНЦО был заложен многолетний стационарный опыт с использованием прогрессивного метода «посева всех культур по всем». В первый год каждой из двух закладок, соответственно в 2002 и 2005 годах, были последовательно посеяны овес и соя на зеленое удобрение. На второй год после сидерального пара выращивали картофель (сорт Невский), капусту белокочанную (сорт Вьюга), морковь (сорт Тайфун), столовую свеклу (сорт Бордо 237) и тыкву столовую (сорт Надежда). На третий год по каждой культуре выращивали картофель, капусту белокочанную, морковь, столовую свеклу и тыкву. На четвертый год по этим культурам в качестве завершающих культур выращивали столовую свеклу, картофель и капусту белокочанную. Такое ежегодное наложение культур дало возможность изучить к 2005 и 2008 годам двадцать пять овощекартофельных севооборотов с разной насыщенностью (от 25 до 75%) их овощными растениями и картофелем. Почва опытного участка – лугово-бурая окультуренная, тяжелого механического состава, слабокислая с высоким содержанием подвижных форм фосфора и калия. Системы обработки почвы, применения удобрений, средств защиты и технологии возделывания овощных культур и картофеля соответствовали рекомендациям Приморской ООС. В годы проведения исследований метеорологические условия в основном соответствовали закономерностям муссонного климата юга Дальнего Востока России. В результате проведенных исследований изучено 25 звеньев овощекартофельных севооборотов. Выявлены наилучшие варианты чередования столовой свеклы и основных овощных культур по урожаям контрольной культуры, завершающей звенья севооборотов (столовая свекла). Выделены лучшие звенья по общему выходу овощной продукции за все годы исследований. Установленная закономерность дает возможность конструировать наиболее удачные звенья и не использовать севообороты с неудовлетворительным чередованием культур, особенно такие, которые начинаются со столовой свеклы и картофеля. Red beet is one of the most important crops in vegetable and vegetable-potato crop rotations. However, there is no unambiguous information about its reaction to previous cultures during alternation. To explore this question at the Primorye Vegetable Research station – branch of FSCVG was laid many years of inpatient experience using progressive method «planting all crops at all». In the first year of each of the two marker, in 2002 and 2005, respectively, oats and soybeans were sequentially sown for green fertilizer. In the second year after the sideral steam, potatoes (Nevskiy variety), white cabbage (Vyuga variety), carrots (Taifun variety), table beet (Bordo variety 237) and table pumpkin (Nadezhda variety) were grown. In the third year, potatoes, white cabbage, carrots, table beets and pumpkins were grown for each crop. In the fourth year, table beets, potatoes, and white cabbage were grown as the final crops for these crops. Such an annual overlap of crops made it possible to study twenty five vegetable-potatoes crop rotations with different saturation (from 25 to 75%) of their vegetable plants and potatoes by 2005 and 2008. The soil of the experimental site is meadow-brown cultivated, heavy fur composition, slightly acidic with a high content of mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium. The systems of tillage, application of fertilizers, protective equipment, and technology of cultivation of vegetable crops and potatoes were in accordance with the recommendations of the Primorye Vegetable Research Station. In the years of the research, the meteorological conditions mostly corresponded to the patterns of the monsoon climate in the south of the Far East of Russia. As a result of the conducted research, 25 links of vegetable-potatoes crop rotations were studied. The best variants of alternation of table beet and the main vegetable crops on the yields of the control crop that completes the links of crop rotations (red beet) are revealed. The best links in the total yield of vegetable products for all the years of research are highlighted. This makes it possible to design the most successful links and not use crop rotations with unsatisfactory alternation of crops, especially those that start with table beets and potatoes.

Establishment theoretical of recommendation fertilization guide of vegetable crops in Algeria: concept and validation

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 606-620
Author(s):  
Mahtali Sbih ◽  
Zoubeir BENSID ◽  
Zohra BOUNOUARA ◽  
Fouad DJAIZ ◽  
Youcef FERRAG
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendation ◽  
Continuous Models ◽  
Poor Soil

The goal of fertilization is to meet the nutritional needs of plants by completing the supply of soil nutrients in an economically profitable and environmentally friendly. Achieving on-farm optimum economic crop yields of marketable quality with minimum adverse environmental impact requires close attention to fertilization guide. The recommendations seek to do this by ensuring that the available supply of plant nutrients in soil is judiciously supplemented by additions of nutrients in fertilizers. The objective is that crops must have an adequate supply of nutrients, and many crops show large and very profitable increases in yield from the correct use of fertilizers to supply nutrients. The main objective of this work is to establishing a reference guide of fertilization of vegetable crops and cereal in Algeria. To meet this objective, we have processes in two steps: 1) Establishment of theoretical fertilizer recommendation from international guide of crop fertilization; 2) Validation of these developed theoretical fertilizer recommendation by trials in the fields. Sixteen fertilization guides of vegetable crops from the Canadian provinces (5 guides), USA (10 guides) and countries of northern Europe England (1 guide). Generally, the rating of these recommendation is ranging from poor soil to soil exceedingly rich; however, the numbers of fertility classes are very different. Indeed, Quebec Ontario, Minnesota, Wisconsin New England, Maryland and Kentucky and Florida guides are subdivided into 5 fertility classes, ranging from poor soil to soil exceedingly rich. The recommendation of New Brunswick and Manitoba contain six classes. The recommendation of Michigan, Nova Scotia and England contain 10 and 7 fertility classes respectively. The recommendation fertilizer of New York and New Jersey have 3classes. Unlike the systems of fertilization recommendation mentioned above, the recommendation fertilizer of Pennsylvania is based on continuous models of P, K and contains 34 classes for P and 22 classes K. Then we standardized the P soil analysis with conversion equations (Olsen method) and units of measurement (kg/ha, mg/kg…).Following this procedure we transformed discontinued systems of fertility classes in to continuous models to facilitate comparison between the different fertilization recommendation models in one hand, in other hand to obtain critical value (CV).Finally, we used statistics of the conditional expectation in order to generate the theoretical recommendation fertilization guide of fertilization with 7 fertility classes (VL, L, M, MH, OP, H and VH). The next step was calibrating soil tests against yield responses to applied nutrient in field experiments. A database (not published data) from agriculture and agri-food Canada, were used. Production of pumpkin responded positively and significantly to P or K soil fertility levels, increases being observed with P more often than with K. According to the Cate-Nelson methods, the critical value of Olsen-P in the top 20 cm of soil was about 25 mg/kg: at values of greater than or equal to 25 mg/kg, crops achieved about 80% of their maximal yield in the absence of fertilizer application. The CV of K in soil for this crop was about 140 mg/kg. The CV found was very close to this generated by the theoretical method for recommendation of fertilization guide. Finally, we used the procedure of Cope and Rouse in both sides of the CV in order to make subdivisions of different groups of soil fertility. One calibrates the soil-test value against yield response to tile nutrient to predict fertilizer requirement.

FEATURES OF THE WINTER WHITE CABBAGE VARIETIES GENERATIVE DEVELOPMENT

1970 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
R. E. Kazakhmedov ◽  
М. А Magomedova
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Stem Extension ◽  
Market Competitiveness ◽  
White Cabbage ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Selection Tasks ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
High Yields

One of the modern selection tasks in vegetable growing is quality products improving, obtaining high yields of environmentally safe wide assortment vegetables. To the new varieties of vegetable crops including winter white cabbage are specified new requirements such as market competitiveness, resistance to unfavorable environmental conditions, heat resistance of the varieties and F1 hybrids. The article is shown investigation results about studies of exogenous treatment by solutions on the base of physiologically active compounds of hormonal nature on the started process of stem extension stage activation and flowering of winter white cabbage plants. For the first time in the Dagestan conditions has been studied the possibility of hormonal regulation of the premature stem extension stage and flowering prevention of winter white cabbage after the initiation of natural induction. In our studies with an early planting there are not more than 20% of blooming plants, most varieties showed a high propensity to premature stem extension stage and flowering. The possibility of the hormonal exogenous regulation of the unfavorable winter white cabbage flowering has been revealed. The most pronounced effect on the transition to stem extension stage and flowering were provided by auxin nature preparations. In particular, treatment with NAS at a dose of 5 mg / l significantly reduced the number of blossom plants, krezatsin (50 mg / l) had a similar effect, but it was less pronounced. The use of cabbage in winter crops makes it possible to obtain two or three yields per year from the same area. Creation and introduction into production of promising and high-yielding varieties and hybrids will allow increasing production and reducing its cost.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Myzus persicae, Brevicoryne brassicae and Nasonovia ribisnigri to Fungal Biopesticides in Laboratory and Field Experiments

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Gill Prince ◽  
Dave Chandler
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Brevicoryne Brassicae ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Potato Aphid ◽  
Cabbage Aphid ◽  
Nasonovia Ribisnigri ◽  
Fungal Biopesticides ◽  
Peach Potato Aphid

The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) for the control of aphid pests of field vegetable crops. Four biopesticides based on the EPF Beauveria bassiana (Botanigard ES and Naturalis L), Cordyceps fumosorosea s.l. (Preferal WG), and Akanthomyces dipterigenus (Vertalec) were evaluated in a laboratory bioassay against peach-potato aphid Myzus persicae, cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae, and currant-lettuce aphid Nasonovia ribisnigri. There was significant variation in the spore dose provided by the products, with Botanigard ES producing the highest dose (639 viable spores per mm2). Botanigard ES also caused more mortality than the other products. Combining Vertalec with the vegetable oil-based adjuvant Addit had an additive effect on the mortality of B. brassicae. All fungal products reduced the number of progeny produced by M. persicae but there was no effect with B. brassicae or N. ribisnigri. When aphid nymphs were treated with Botanigard ES and Preferal WG, both products reduced population development, with up to 86% reduction occurring for Botanigard ES against M. persicae. In a field experiment, Botanigard ES sprayed twice, at seven-day intervals, against B. brassicae on cabbage plants, reduced aphid numbers by 73%. In a second field experiment with B. brassicae, M. persicae, and N. ribisnigri, Botanigard ES reduced populations of B. brassicae and N. ribisnigri but there was no significant effect on M. persicae.

scholarly journals The effect of drought and intercropping on chicory nutrient uptake from below 2 m studied in a multiple tracer setup

2019 ◽  
Vol 446 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 543-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Ruø Rasmussen ◽  
Kristian Thorup-Kristensen ◽  
Dorte Bodin Dresbøll
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Tracer Uptake ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Pilot Experiment ◽  
Red Beet ◽  
Uptake Rates

Abstract Aims We tested if chicory acquires nutrients from soil layers down to 3.5 m depth and whether the deep nutrient uptake increases as a result of drought or intercropping with ryegrass and black medic. We also tested whether application of the trace elements Cs, Li, Rb, Sr and Se, as tracers, result in similar uptake rates. Methods The methodological tests were carried out in a pilot experiment where the tracers were applied to 1 m depth in lucerne and red beet grown in tube rhizotrons. The dynamics of deep nutrient uptake in chicory was studied in large 4 m deep rhizoboxes. A drought was induced when roots had reached around 2 m depth. Results Chicory acquired 15N from 3.5 m depth and trace element tracers from 2.3 m depth. We found no compensatory tracer uptake with depth during drought. We found some indications of a compensatory tracer uptake from 2.3 and 2.9 m depth in intercropped chicory. Application of equimolar amounts of trace elements resulted in similar excess tracer concentrations within species. Conclusion Chicory demonstrates nutrient uptake from below 3 m but does not increase deep nutrient uptake as a response to limited topsoil nutrient availability induced by drought or intercropping.

scholarly journals Evaluating risks of plant growth regulator–resistant soybean technologies to horseradish production

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayla N. Wiedau ◽  
Ronald F. Krausz ◽  
S. Alan Walters ◽  
Joseph L. Matthews ◽  
Karla L. Gage
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Residue Analysis ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Target Movement ◽  
Specialty Crop ◽  
Standard Application

AbstractOff-target movement of dicamba and 2,4-D may injure and reduce the yield of many fruit and vegetable crops, impacting specialty crop producers and herbicide applicators alike. Two field experiments were established, using plant growth regulator–resistant soybean herbicide technologies, to evaluate drift and carryover risks to horseradish production. The drift experiment was conducted in 2015 and 2016 to evaluate impact of dicamba and 2,4-D simulated drift on horseradish production with a mid-POST application in soybean. Simulated drift rates were 1/10,000X, 1/1,000X, and 1/100X, with 1/2X, 1X, and 2X of standard application rates. Injury and yield loss was greater following application of 2,4-D than with dicamba. Yield reductions were observed beginning at the 1/1,000X rate of 2,4-D, with complete crop loss occurring when rates exceed 1/2X. In comparison, dicamba only reduced yields when applied at the 1X and 2X rates. Only horseradish roots from plants treated with dicamba at the 2X rate had greater dicamba residue than the nontreated control, and the amount detected, 0.32 parts per billion (ppb), was lower than the EPA tolerance of 100 ppb in root crops. There was little to no harvestable tissue for 2,4-D residue analysis for plants treated with 2,4-D at rates above 1/2X. The carryover experiment was a 2-yr rotational evaluation conducted in 2014, 2015, and 2016 to assess dicamba carryover to horseradish following application to dicamba-resistant soybean the previous season. Observations taken at 4, 6, and 8 wk after planting indicated no significant horseradish injury, nor was height, stand, or root weight reduced. These results suggest that horseradish growers should have few concerns about injury from dicamba drift or carryover. While 2,4-D applicators may need to be cautious when making applications near horseradish fields, 2,4-D may be an effective tool for controlling volunteer horseradish in 2,4-D–resistant soybean.

THE PRECISION OF FIELD EXPERIMENTS WITH VEGETABLE CROPS AS INFLUENCED BY PLOT AND BLOCK SIZE AND SHAPE.: II. CANNING PEAS

1960 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 396-404
Author(s):  
I. L. Nonnecke
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Size ◽  
Yield Variability ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Optimum Size ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Block Sizes ◽  
Uniform Reduction

In 1957, vine and shelled pea weights of canning peas from an irrigated uniformity trial were recorded to determine the effect on yield variability of varying plot and block sizes and shapes. The most uniform reduction in variation occurred in block shapes of one plot long and six plots wide with each increase in plot length. These results agree with those of other workers, that long, narrow blocks are more efficient than square blocks. The optimum plot size was found to be 5 feet long and 10 feet wide. Considerably more shelled peas were required for processing than could be obtained from the optimum size of plot for yield.

scholarly journals Phenological Features of (Mamestra Brassicae L. 1758) Development in Agrocoenosis of Cabbage in the Kamin-Kashyrskyi District (Volyn Region, Ukraine)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-73
Author(s):  
I. Ya. Truskavetska
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Mamestra Brassicae ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
White Cabbage ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Cabbage Pests

The animal world of Ukraine is characterized by a large variety of species. Among the lepidoptera there are a lot of pests whose larvae cause significant damage to agriculture. In the paper, we investigated the seasonal and perennial dynamics of vegetable crops pests’ population of Mamestra brassicae in the agrobiocenoses of white cabbage. The basis of our study was the investigation of the relative quantity of the pest larvae, we demonstrated the damage to plants, as well as the periods of intensive emergence of the imago and the number of generations per year. In future, this will enable the development of effective ecologically sound methods for controlling the number of species of white cabbage pests in the conditions of Kamin-Kashyrskyi district of Volyn region. Kamin-Kashyrskyi area has a flat terrain and is characterized by a warm temperate continental climate with sufficient amount of moisture, the presence of impoverished sod-podzolic soils. The area is mostly plain, with large marsh massifs, which are favorable conditions for the existence of Mamestra brassicae, as this species is moisture-loving. Observation of biocenotic connections in the agrobiocenoses of white cabbage and stationary research on the development of protection, testing and implementation systems was carried out during 2017-2018 at the garden sites of Kamin-Kashirsky district during the entire vegetation period of the plants. White cabbage is damaged throughout the period of vegetation, however, the damage that appear after emergence of seedlings and planting of seedlings into the soil are dangerous due to their consequences. In the second half of summer and in autumn, the larvae of Mamestra brassicae caused significant damage to cabbage plants in the gardens of Novi Chervyshcha. Within this area, Mamestra brassicae develops two generations per year, causing tangible damage to the agrocoenosis of cabbage of different sowing dates. The contamination of cabbage by the larva of the first and second generations approximately accounts to 24%, where 2-3 larvae live on one plant. The massive emergence of the imago occurs in the middle of May the first half of June while the average daily temperature is +20°С to +22°С. The first egg laying was recorded at the end of May, which the female lays in groups, 20-80 units on the underside of the leaves, and the embryonic development lasts 6 to 8 days. Pupae hibernate in the soil, at a depth of 8-12 cm. Significant damage to white cabbage plants was caused by the larvae of the first generation in June and early July, and of the second generation in August and early September. They intensively feed at night and at dawn, and in the daytime there is a decline in mobility and nutritional activity. Second-generation larvae often bite into cabbage heads where they make holes and pollute them with their liquid excrement, which leads to a decrease in crops. The use of microbiological drugs Dimilin and Insehar are some of the most effective ways to get rid of Lepidoptera, including larvae of Mamestra brassicae, which provide protection of cabbage plants by 93-97%.

scholarly journals Features of growing chickpea in the foothill zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Zalina Tarasheva ◽  
Irina Khanieva ◽  
Aliy Boziev ◽  
Takhir Chapaev ◽  
Andemirkan Odizhev
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Potassium Sodium ◽  
Sodium Humate ◽  
Field Germination ◽  
Golden Jubilee ◽  
Positive Effect

In the foothill zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic in 2013-2015, studies were carried out in order to study the effect of growth regulators and rhizotorfin on the formation of elements of the structure of the chickpea crop. The objects of research were the varieties of chickpeas “Golden Jubilee” and “Privo 1”. The background for testing biological preparations was pre-sowing inoculation of seeds with rhizotorphin based on nitrogen-fixing bacteria and their treatment with microelements (P120K60MoV). The following drugs were used: Albit, Alfastim, Potassium / sodium humate with microelements. The use of growth regulators and rhizotorfin has a positive effect on field germination, the duration of the growing season and the yield of chickpea. The analysis of the data in our studies showed that the cultivation of the chickpea variety “Golden Jubilee” in the foothill zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is more profitable.

scholarly journals Летние посевы свеклы столовой на юге России

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Kuksa ◽  
L.N. Timakova ◽  
A.N. Khovrin
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
The South ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Red Beet ◽  
Optimal Period ◽  
Technological Methods ◽  
Seed Growing

Полевые опыты в условиях юга России позволили уточнить технологические приемы возделывания свеклы столовой. Оптимальный срок посева свеклы столовой для получения корнеплодов с высокой товарностью и закладки их на зимнее хранение в условиях Ростовской области 5 15 июля. При посеве в этот срок улучшается качество корнеплодов, а выход товарной продукции составляет 84 90.In the conditions of field experiments the technological methods of seed growing of table beet in the conditions of the South of Russia are specified. The optimal period of red beet sowing for root crops with high marketability producing for winter storage in the Rostov region is 5 15 of July. When sowing in this period, the quality of root crops improves, and the yield of marketable products is 84 90.

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