RURAL MEDICINE. CONDITION AND ISSUES

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Yuliya M. Beglyakova ◽  
◽  
Aleksander S. Shchirskii ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Rural Medicine ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Number Of Treatment ◽  
The Village

The article analyses the accessibility of medical facilities in rural areas of modern Russia and the specifics of their organization and development. The authors reveal causes why rural residents have much less opportunities to seek quality medical care than urban ones, what leads to a disparity between the inhabitants of the city and the village. The thesis is substantiated that state programmes that should make health services accessible to the rural population to a greater extent do not cope with the task at hand. An attempt is made to highlight the public’s response to the existing disparity in the health services of the villagers compared to urban dwellers. Such a reaction can be considered an outflow of people from rural areas, and an increase in self-medication among rural people as a result of the difficulty in obtaining health services. The decrease in the number of treatment facilities in rural areas leads to a deterioration in the medicine situation in rural areas. That, according to the authors of the article, justifies the need to study the issues associated with the provision of medical care to the rural population.

Socio-engineering arrangement of the village — the basis of rural development

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-21
Author(s):  
Kh. B. Dusaev ◽  
A. Kh. Dusaeva
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
Dynamic Development ◽  
The Village ◽  
Monetary Income

The article analyzes the number, employment and dynamics of monetary income of the population of the Orenburg region for a long-term period. The production of social and engineering arrangement of rural territories of the region for a number of years is analyzed in detail. Negative destructive changes and trends in employment and social development of rural areas are revealed. The directions of improvement and dynamic development of agricultural production, rural areas, and employment of the rural population are proposed.

E-HEALTH AND ONLINE HEALTH COMMUNITIES IN THE DAILY LIVES OF OLDER RURAL RESIDENTS DURING THE PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
pp. 538-544
Author(s):  
К. А. Галкин
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Computer Literacy ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Rural Medicine ◽  
Online Health Communities ◽  
Health Communities

Ситуация пандемии COVID-19 в очередной раз напомнила о необходимости использования онлайн-сообществ здоровья, особенно в тех районах, где не хватает мест в местных больницах или существуют проблемы с получением качественной медицинской помощи. Это, например, сельские районы, где медицина ориентирована на лечение экстренно возникающих заболеваний и у врачей существуют сложности с возможностью лечения новой коронавирусной инфекции. Онлайн-сообщества здоровья в таком случае предоставляют возможность узнать необходимую информацию, а также общаться со специалистами, которые знают особенности нового коронавируса и могут дать необходимые советы. В настоящей статье на примере глубинных интервью с пожилыми людьми из сёл Ленинградской обл. и Республики Карелия рассмотрена роль телемедицины для пожилых людей и общения в онлайн-сообществах здоровья в контексте преодоления одиночества и изолированности, которая существует в сельской местности. В статье проанализированы особенности и основные препятствия для использования пожилыми людьми телемедицины и общения в онлайнсообществах здоровья - это проблемы с инфраструктурой и отключением электричества, отсутствие у пожилых людей компьютерной грамотности для общения и взаимодействия в онлайн-сообществах здоровья. Роль последних рассмотрена с точки зрения развития самозаботы пожилых людей в сельской местности в периферийных поселениях из-за отсутствия необходимой медицинской помощи. The situation of the COVID-19 pandemic has once again reminded of the need to use telemedicine and online health communities, especially in areas where there are not enough places in local hospitals or there are problems with obtaining quality medical care, such as rural areas where rural medicine is focused on treatment of emergency diseases and doctors have difficulties with the possibility of treatment, as well as explaining about the new coronavirus infection to patients and how this disease can be treated. In this case, online health communities provide an opportunity to find out the necessary information, as well as communicate with specialists who know the features of the new coronavirus and can give the necessary advice. Using the example of in-depth interviews with older people from villages in the Leningrad Region and the Republic of Karelia, the article examines the role of telemedicine for older people and communication in online health communities in the context of overcoming loneliness and isolation that exist in rural areas. The article analyzes the features of the use of telemedicine and the key barriers to the use of telemedicine and communication of older people in online disease communities. In rural areas the main barriers to telemedicine use are infrastructure problems and power outages, as well as the lack of computer literacy for communication and elder people’s interaction in online health communities. In the article the role of online health communities is considered in the context of the self-care of older people and from the point of view of the development of self-care of older people in rural peripheral settlements due to the lack of necessary medical care.

Structure of Medical Care Services in the U.S.S.R.

1972 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-242
Author(s):  
J. Fry
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Medical Assistants ◽  
Occupational Physicians ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Primary Physicians

The health services of the U.S.S.R. are organized and administered on a master plan based on central and monolithic planning according to Marxist socioeconomic principles. The health services have provided good available and accessible medical care to all its peoples. This has been a great and remarkable achievement. Primary medical services in the U.S.S.R. are provided by a series of specialists— uchastok (neighborhood) pediatricians, therapists (internists), occupational physicians, and dentists. Each has an allocated geographic locality and there is no free choice of physician. The uchastok physicians work from polyclinics with specialists. They also carry out daily home visits. There are no hospital facilities. The nature of the work and the work load is similar to that of primary physicians in other systems. In rural areas because of dispersal of populations, primary medical care is carried out by medical assistants (feldshers) who work under the supervision of physicians.

Social Traditions of Entertainment and Communication of Ukrainian Peasants in the SECOND HALF OF THE 20th – early 21th centuries (ON EXPEDITIONARY MATERIALS)

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Vitalina Gorova
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Mutual Assistance ◽  
Social Forms ◽  
The Village

Socio-normative life of Ukrainians of the 20th – the beginning of the 21th centuries, that covers aspects of management, self-organization and formation of public institutions, mutual assistance and leisure, regulation of behavior, is a poorly studied topic in ethnological science. During the establishment of the Soviet system, which completely changed the traditional way of life of Ukrainian peasants, a major transformation of the customs of public life took place. Following Ukraine’s independence, modern social normative practices were developing according to the requirements of the new legislation. As the result, nowadays there is a considerable urgency to investigate the specifics and changes that have taken place in public life in the Ukrainian villages in the second half of the 20th – early 21th centuries. In the new socio-economic and national-religious contexts, despite the changes in industrial relations and socio-professional composition of the rural population, the system of traditional social life in Ukraine was able to maintain positive and well-considered skills of social coexistence, forms of daily and festive leisure, as well as the moral and ethical standards of people’s coexistence. The article on the materials of expeditions to Chernivtsi, Ternopil, Zakarpattya, Odessa, Kharkiv regions analyzes the preservation and peculiarities of transformation of traditional social forms of leisure and communication of peasants during the second half of the 20th – early 21th centuries. The types and places of daily (customs of «calling for freshness», «going for liver», mutual assistance, evening meetings) and festive (during the temple holiday, mutual guests, youth entertainment, celebration of the village holiday) leisure of the village community are revealed. Most of the information was recorded on evening meetings. They are a socio-everyday entity that organically combines entertainment and work elements. Usually, the main guideline for their conducting was hand work (spinning, embroidery, sewing), accompanied by songs and entertainment. The made records give a certain idea of the contemporary collective customs and traditions of Ukrainians in rural areas, especially of interpersonal relations in the Ukrainian peasant environment of today. The common belief among the respondents is that some changes in people’s behavior are manifested by a decrease in interest in communication than before (reciprocal guest-houses between the villagers have become a rarity – they only gather on holidays). Today, the customs of collective mutual assistance (in case of distress or distress in one of the villagers) are still preserved among the rural population.

scholarly journals THE QUALITY OF RENDERING OF MEDICAL AID TO POPULATION OF RURAL AREAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
Tatiana M. Bogdanova ◽  
A. S. Demin ◽  
A. A. Lopatkina ◽  
A. V. Kosareva ◽  
M. A. Zankin
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Patient Survey ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
Treatment Level ◽  
Regional Center ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
Kalmyk Republic

The analysis of the quality of medical care for the rural population has been taken in the «Ustinskaya Regional Hospital» of the Kalmyk Republic (further on referenced as «URH»). Analysis goal. To investigate the basic principles of medical care for the rural population and determine the major open issues regarding healthcare, considering URH as an example. Assessment methods. Two examination phases have been conducted: 1. Assessment of disease structure, equipment level, and overall work efficiency of URH 2. Analysis of the voluntary patient survey The investigation covered 653 respondents of both genders, aged between 20 and 70 with an average of 47,5 years [23,2; 68,1] Results - the principles of medical care at Ustinsky Region of Kalmyk Republic has been considered as satisfactory. The whole population of the Ustinsky Region makes 9958 people (including 8178 adults and 1780 kids). The population is divided into 3 therapeutic and 2 pediatric departments, according to the actual standards. From the nosology perspective, regional clinical examination covers 95.3% of the respiratory system diseases and 91% of cardiovascular system pathologies. In 2016 more than 95% of the survey respondents mentioned positive changes in the treatment level of URH. Own health level was considered as “good” by 96% of respondents. About 16% of patients were listed in the dispensary, but only 75% of them were screened annually. The complications with receiving preferential medicines were experienced by 46% of patients. The commute to the regional hospital takes 30 minutes for 58% of respondents, and over 60 minutes for 18% of them. Medical staff, conducting prophylactic measures has been spotted by 49% of respondents. Discussion. Dispensary observation has been properly focused on prophylaxis only in 2016. Conclusions. The overall level of medical care for the rural population of the assessed regional center has been considered as satisfactory.

scholarly journals Gambaran Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Kesehatan Tradisional pada Penduduk Lanjut Usia di Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-78
Author(s):  
Rukmini Rukmini ◽  
Lusi Kristiani
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Traditional Health ◽  
Manual Skills

One of the health efforts that have the opportunity to improve the health status of the elderly is traditional health services (Yankestrad). This paper aims to describe the use of Yankestrad among the elderly in Indonesia. The data source in this analysis is Riskesdas 2018, a research conducted by the Ministry of Health with the elderly (≥60 years) as the analysis unit. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the use of Yankestrad in the elderly was 37.0% and self-medication with traditional medicine was 17.3%. Young elderly people mostly use Yankestrad (37.9%), while self-medication with traditional medicine are dominated by elderly women (18.3%) in rural areas (19.5%). The use of Toga in the elderly in Indonesia (31.9%), mostly women (33.3%) in rural areas (36.3%). The most common types of Yankestrad used by the elderly were manual skills, potions, and homemade potions. Male elderly (55.5%) in urban areas (56.5%) used more prepared ingredients, while female elderly (43.6%) in rural areas (46.5%) preferred homemade ingredients. Older people with low expenditure levels tend to take advantage of prepared ingredients or homemade ingredients, while high expenditures tend to take advantage of manual skills. Traditional healers (98.2%) are the type of yakestrad used mostly by the elderly. In conclusion, Yankestrad in Indonesia is mostly used by the elderly, therefore it has the potential to be developed as an alternative model of health services for the elderly. Given the high interest of the elderly with Yankestrad and the use of traditional healers, it is necessary to provide Yankestrad facilities, especially in Puskesmas with traditional health workers who are able to provide safe and quality health services to the elderly. Abstrak Salah satu upaya kesehatan yang berpeluang meningkatkan status kesehatan lansia adalah pelayanan kesehatan tradisional (Yankestrad). Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pemanfaatan Yankestrad pada penduduk lansia di Indonesia. Sumber data dalam analisis ini adalah Riskesdas 2018. Riset yang dilakukan oleh Kementerian Kesehatan dengan unit analisis lansia (≥60 tahun). Analisis data secara deskriptif. Hasil menunjukkan, pemanfaatan Yankestrad pada lansia 37,0% dan upaya sendiri dengan obat tradisional 17,3%. Lansia muda terbanyak memanfaatkan Yankestrad (37,9%), sedangkan upaya sendiri dengan obat tradisonal didominasi lansia perempuan (18,3%) di perdesaan (19,5%). Pemanfaatan Toga pada lansia di Indonesia (31,9%), terbanyak perempuan (33,3%) di perdesaan (36,3%). Jenis Yankestrad terbanyak dimanfaatkan lansia adalah keterampilan manual, ramuan jadi dan ramuan buatan sendiri. Lansia laki-laki (55,5%) di perkotaan (56,5%) lebih banyak memanfaatkan ramuan jadi, sedangkan lansia perempuan (43,6%) di perdesaan (46,5%) lebih menyukai ramuan buatan sendiri. Lansia dengan tingkat pengeluaran rendah cenderung memanfaatkan ramuan jadi atau ramuan buatan sendiri, sedangkan pengeluaran tinggi cenderung memanfaatkan ketrampilan manual. Penyehat tradisional (98,2%) adalah jenis tenaga terbanyak dimanfaatkan lansia. Kesimpulan, Yankestrad di Indonesia lebih banyak dimanfaatkan oleh lansia, oleh karena itu berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai alternatif model pelayanan kesehatan bagi lansia. Rekomendasi, mengingat tingginya minat para lansia dengan Yankestrad dan pemanfaatan penyehat tradisional, maka diperlukan penyediaan fasilitas Yankestrad khususnya di Puskesmas dengan tenaga kesehatan tradisional yang mampu memberikan pelayanan kesehatan yang aman dan berkualitas bagi para lansia.

scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF RURAL AREAS AND NATIONAL SECURITY ISSUES (2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-100
Author(s):  
Natalia V. Kuzina
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
The Public ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Village

This article discusses the results of an array correlation analysis ministries and departments relevant statistical indicators in the Russian Federation regions in order to create a typical portrait of a region with rural population high proportion. Comprehensive data of the Federal State Statistics Service of Russia, the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, the General Prosecutor's Office of Russia, the Ministry of Education and Science and the Ministry of Health of Russia, which are available in the public domain, were used. The village is characterized by lower wages, availability of labor resources, but also the need for them. The high number of rural population in the region also means an increase in the number of external migrants, tax arrears, an increase in turnover and a decrease in the cost of food products, and an increase in crime. Despite the decrease in the number of medical organizations in rural areas, the provision of rural areas with medical personnel and beds remains high. The village at the beginning of the XXI century is still a supplier of future university entrants.

Assessment of the quality of medical care for children in rural areas

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 464-465
Author(s):  
E. V. Karpukhin
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Geographical Factors ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Quality Of Medical Care

The main feature of the system of medical care for the rural population created in our country is its phased nature, starting from feldsher-midwife stations to regional, territorial and republican institutions. Due to the peculiarities of rural population settlement, large distances to medical institutions, poor roads, lack of regular transport communication, low technical availability of communication facilities, as well as a number of social, economic and geographical factors, there are problems in the organization of medical care for this contingent.

scholarly journals Survey on Health, Well-being and Aging. SABE Colombia 2015: Technical report

2019 ◽  
pp. 128-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delia Ortega Lenis ◽  
Fabián Méndez
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Qualitative Approaches

Introduction: Colombian population is getting old in an accelerated manner, causing economic, social and health services effects. The Ministry of Health and Social Protection in the National System of Population Studies and Surveys for Health implemented the first health, well-being and aging survey- SABE-2015 Colombia- to know the living conditions of people 60 years of age or older. Objective: Describe the design of the method, statistical sampling and quality control of information from the SABE-2015 survey. Methods: A cross-sectional study, with quantitative and qualitative approaches, representative for the population in urban and rural areas aged 60 or over. Information was collected on socioeconomic variables, physical and social environment, behavior, cognition and affection, functionality, mental well-being, health conditions, and the use and access to health services. Results: 23,694 surveys were conducted, 17,189 in urban population (72.5%) and 6,505 in rural population. The percentage of effective national response was 66% in 244 municipalities. Supervision was made in 40% of the surveys and telephone re-contact in 25%. The consistency of 100% surveys was reviewed and double entry was developed in 5% of them. National estimates have a 5% margin error. Conclusion: The SABE Colombia 2015 survey is representative of the main indicators of health, well-being and aging in Colombia. The design allows regional comparisons, between large cities and urban and rural population.

scholarly journals LEGAL PRINCIPLES OF RURAL MEDICINE DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF MEDICAL REFORM IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (383) ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
V. M. Yermolenko ◽  
O. V. Hafurova ◽  
M. A. Deineha
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Rural Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Medical Equipment ◽  
The State ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Rural Medicine ◽  
Medical Reform

Legal support for the constitutional right of citizens to health care and medical care is an important condition for the realization of the principle of recognition the individual on the highest social value. The state guarantees everyone the right to protection of health, medical care and medical insurance; creates the conditions for effective and affordable medical care for all citizens. At the same time, the low level of provision of modern medical equipment, machinery and medicines makes it virtually impossible to provide timely and high-quality medical services in rural areas. The quality of primary health care in rural areas is in terrible condition and the people who live there, and this is more than 30 % of the total population of Ukraine, were very looking forward to changes in this area. After all, most of the old buildings and medical equipment are in poor condition. Medical institutions do not have a complete set of equipment, medical supplies and equipment necessary for primary care. The state of the legal regulation of providing medical care to the rural population of Ukraine objectively needs to be improved. Despite the adoption of numerous normative legal acts, the issues of providing health facilities located in rural areas with the necessary modern equipment and technology remained unresolved until recently. The goal of the article is to investigate the current problems of the legal support for providing medical care in the rural settlements. Particular attention is paid to the reform of the network of the rural health facilities and the problems of staffing. According to the results of the study it is established that from January 1, 2018, the implementation of the rural health reform began in Ukraine. This was due to the need to improve the availability of medical services for the population living in rural areas, to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the use of funds allocated for the development of health care in the village, to bring the network of healthcare institutions in rural areas and their material and technical support into line with the needs of the population. Rural medicine reform is the lengthy process that requires not only careful adherence to legislation, but also a preliminary assessment of the real state of medicine in the remotest corners of Ukraine in order to prepare a platform for change. It is determined that the implementation of medical reform in cities is perceived better, and therefore much faster is happening, what not to say about the countryside. The prompt and timely solution of the problems of reforming rural medicine is possible with the assistance of the state authorities and local self-government, domestic businesses, foreign investors and financial donors, without which it is extremely difficult to cope with decentralization.

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