Uma análise espacial do emprego formal dos municípios alagoanos: evidências para setor agrícola

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Samoel Santos Da Silva ◽  
Keuler Hissa Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Formal Employment

ResumoO objetivo principal deste estudo é avaliar a presença de dependência espacial no estoque de emprego formal no setor agrícola do Estado de Alagoas nos anos 2002 e 2011. Neste sentido, esse trabalho identifica através da Análise Exploratória de Dados Espaciais aglomerações geográficas de valores significativamente similares (clusters), localidades atípicas (outliers) e padrões de heterogeneidade espacial no emprego formal no setor agrícola dos municípios no Estado de Alagoas. Desta forma, busca-se apresentar por meio de mapas de coeficiente de correlação espacial e de uma análise descritiva evidências empíricas que possibilitem delinear um padrão de distribuição espacial do emprego formal do setor acima citado. Contudo, pretende-se, também, identificar seus transbordamentos espaciais entre os municípios e desta forma perceber as contribuições do outro setor para reverter as desigualdades entre as regiões de Alagoas. AbstractThe main objective of this study is to evaluate the presence of spatial dependence in the formal employment stock in the agricultural sector in the state of Alagoas in the years 2002 and 2011. In this sense, this work identifies, through the Exploratory Analysis of Spatial Data, geographic agglomerations of significantly similar values (Clusters), outliers and patterns of spatial heterogeneity in formal employment in the agricultural sector of the municipalities of the state of Alagoas. In this way, we seek to present, through maps, the spatial correlation coefficient and a descriptive analysis, empirical evidence that allows us to delineate a spatial distribution pattern of the formal employment of the aforementioned sector. However, it is also intended to identify their spatial floods between the municipalities and in this way perceive the contributions of the other sector to reverse the inequalities between the Alagoas regions. 

Forecasting Socioeconomic Distributions on Small-Area Spatial Domains for Count Data

2020 ◽  
pp. 240-263
Author(s):  
Rosa Bernardini Papalia ◽  
Esteban Fernandez-Vazquez
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Spatial Domains ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Level Of Aggregation ◽  
Socioeconomic Data ◽  
Available Information

Statistical information for empirical analysis is frequently available at a higher level of aggregation than is desired. The spatial disaggregation of the socioeconomic data is considered complex due to the inherent spatial properties and relationships of the spatial data, namely, spatial dependence and spatial heterogeneity. The spatial dependence, spatial heterogeneity, and effect of scale produce major technical issues that largely impact the accuracy of the regional forecast disaggregation. In this chapter, we propose entropy-based spatial forecast disaggregation methods for count areal data that use all available information at each level of aggregation even if it is incomplete. The proposed methods are validated through Monte Carlo simulations using ancillary information. An empirical application to real data is also presented.

scholarly journals As plataformas de informação dos poderes estaduais brasileiros contribuem para a construção da transparência passiva?

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Amanda Finck Drehmer ◽  
Fabiano Maury Raupp
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Structured Observation

The objective of the article was to investigate the contributions of the information platforms of the branches of governments of Brazilian states to build passive transparency. A descriptive study was carried out, through documentary research, with a predominantly qualitative approach. The object of investigation comprises the executive, legislative and judicial branches of governments of Brazilian states. The data were collected in February 2017 using the structured observation technique, through a protocol for recording information. The data obtained were analyzed using the descriptive analysis technique. The indicators for evaluation of the platforms were ‘communication’, ‘login and receipts’ and ‘barriers’, and they presented different configurations in each of the branches. In terms of ‘communication’ and ‘login and receipts’, in general, the state executive branch received better scores compared to the judiciary and legislative branches. On the other hand, the indicator ‘barriers’, was better evaluated in the judiciary and legislative branches. From the results obtained, it is not yet possible to confirm whether the platforms of the executive, judicial and legislative branches of the Brazilian states contribute to build passive transparency.

Soviet Resettlement Policy in the Second Half of the 1940s – 1980s: The Experience of the RSFSR

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Sergey Piskunov
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The One

The article examines the problem of the formation of the Soviet resettlement policy in the context of a decrease in the rural population of donor regions in the second half of the 40s - 80s. XX century on the example of the RSFSR. To achieve this goal, many historical documents were analyzed and summarized, which are contained mainly in the central archives of the Russian Federation. Such changes were caused, on the one hand, by a decrease in natural growth in the regions that were traditionally places of departure for new settlers, on the other hand, by a change in the settlement structure. Despite the demographic processes negative for the implementation of the resettlement policy, the country's leadership did not abandon this method of redistributing residents of some regions of the state in favor of others. It is noted that, while preserving the planned agricultural resettlement as a tool for increasing the demographic potential in certain regions and mitigating the shortage of labor in the enterprises of the agricultural sector, the Center inevitably faced the problem of finding sources for the formation of resettlement flows. From the beginning of the 1980s the solution to this problem in the USSR was ensured by several factors: firstly, the spread of the practice of intraregional resettlement; secondly, the inclusion of urban residents in the number of planned migrants, and not just villagers, as it was before; thirdly, the involvement of the inhabitants of Central Asia and the Transcaucasus in the organized migration. It is important to note that the article provides the information on the geography of the places of exodus for the second half of the 1940s – 1980s. indicating the most significant (by the number of people sent). Reflection of statistical data with a wide temporal and geographical coverage makes it possible to trace changes, on the one hand, in the intensity of migration ties between donor and recipient regions, and on the other, in the state policy of resettlement. The article is addressed to representatives of the scientific community (historians and demographers) and state institutions responsible for the development of modern migration policy.

scholarly journals Genetic variation, phylogenetic relationship and spatial distribution of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi’ strains in Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Schneider ◽  
B. Hüttel ◽  
C. Zübert ◽  
M. Kube
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Flavescence Dorée ◽  
Regional Distribution Pattern

AbstractA recent survey in Germany revealed the wide presence of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ulmi’ in native elm stands. Accessions were studied for their genetic variability and phylogenetic relationship based on the conserved groEL and the variable imp gene. While the groEL sequences revealed a high intraspecific homology of more than 99%, the homology of the imp gene dropped to 71% between distantly related sequences. Twenty-nine groEL and 74 imp genotypes were distinguished based on polymorphic sites. Phylogenetic analysis of the groEL gene clustered all ‘Ca. P. ulmi’ strains and separated them from related phytoplasmas of the 16SrV group. The inferred phylogeny of the imp gene resulted in a different tree topology and separated the ‘Ca. P. ulmi’ genotypes into two clusters, one closely related to the flavescence dorée phytoplasma strain FD-D (16SrV-D), the other affiliated with the flavescence dorée phytoplasma strains FD-C and FD70 and the alder yellows phytoplasma (16SrV-C). In both phylograms, ‘Ca. P. ulmi’ genotypes from Scots elm trees formed a coherent cluster, while genotypes from European white elms and field elms grouped less strictly. The regional distribution pattern was congruent for some of the groEL and imp genotypes, but a strict linkage for all genotypes was not apparent.

scholarly journals Análise Geoestatística da Precipitação Pluvial do Estado da Paraíba (Geostatistical Analysis of Precipitation in Paraiba State)

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Antonio Costa dos Santos ◽  
Oseas Machado Gomes ◽  
Francisco de Assis Salviano de Souza ◽  
Willian De Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Geostatistical Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Spatial Behavior ◽  
High Dispersion ◽  
Atmospheric Sciences ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Geostatistical Techniques ◽  
Para Determinar

Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a variabilidade espacial da precipitação pluvial média mensal do Estado da Paraíba, no período de 1962 a 2001, utilizando técnicas geoestatísticas. Os dados foram cedidos pela Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências Atmosféricas (UACA) da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), coletados em estações meteorológicas e postos pluviométricos localizados em 102 municípios do Estado. Foi usado o semivariograma para determinar a dependência espacial da variável em estudo, em seguida foi feita uma análise descritiva dos dados a fim de resumir a série e descrevê-la em termos numéricos. De acordo com os resultados obtidos todos os variogramas apresentaram forte dependência espacial (IDE ≥ 75%), com exceção dos meses de junho a setembro que apresentaram tendências nas séries e dificuldade no ajuste dos modelos de comportamento espacial. De acordo com a análise descritiva dos dados os coeficientes de variação apresentaram alta dispersão (Cv > 20%) entre os valores, indicando grande variabilidade da chuva. Também foram confeccionados mapas de krigagem ordinária para os meses de janeiro, fevereiro, outubro e novembro. Tomaram-se como critério os valores dos coeficientes de determinação (R2 > 93%) para se obter os mapas ajustados pelos modelos e os mapas dos resíduos.  Palavras – Chave: Geoestatística, precipitação e krigagem ordinária.  Geostatistical Analysis of Precipitation in Paraiba State  ABSTRACTThis work aims to study the spatial variability of monthly average rainfall of the State of Paraíba, in the period 1962 to 2001, using geostatistical techniques. The data were provided by the Academic Unit of Atmospheric Sciences (UACA), Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), collected from weather stations and climatic stations located in 102 municipalities in the State. Semivariogram was used to determine the spatial dependence of the variable under study was then carried out a descriptive analysis to summarize the series and describe it in numerical terms. According to the results of all variograms showed a strong spatial dependence (IDE ≥ 75%), with the exception of the months from June to September which showed trends in the series and difficulty in adjusting the models of spatial behavior. According to the data descriptive analysis coefficients of variation showed a high dispersion (CV > 20%) between the values, indicating great variability in rainfall. Were also made maps of ordinary kriging for the months of January, February, October and November. Were taken as criteria, the coefficients of determination (R2 > 93%) to obtain the maps set by models and residual maps. Keywords: Geostatistics, kriging and precipitation.

scholarly journals Estimating the Spatial Heterogeneity and Seasonal Differences of the Contribution of Tourism Industry Activities to Night Light Index by POI

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 692
Author(s):  
Juan Wei ◽  
Yongde Zhong ◽  
Jingling Fan
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
Night Lights ◽  
Luminous Radiation

The spatial distribution of tourism has a profound impact on its operational efficiency and geographical relevance. Point of interest (POI), as a kind of spatial data shared by subject and object, can reflect the spatial distribution form and function of tourism geographical objects under the all-for-one tourism policy. Continuous satellite observation and in-depth study of night lights pave the way to clarify human activities and socio-economic dynamics. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the seasonal changes of night light images and their correlation with tourism in 122 counties (cities, districts) of Hunan Province. We obtained night earth observation data (seasonality) and POI in 2019 and processed them by Geographic Information System and statistical analysis (ordinary least squares (OLS) and geographically weighted regression (GWR)). The results show that the luminous radiation intensity is highly correlated with the POI of tourism activities. The POI of different tourism activities in different regions shows obvious spatial heterogeneity and seasonal differences, which is the result of the comprehensive effect of tourism resource distribution and social environment in Hunan Province. GWR has proved to be a more effective tool. It provides a new method and perspective for tourism research and especially reveals the geographical spatial differences of tourism activities, which is helpful to study the spatial distribution and seasonality of tourism at the county level. In addition, the spatial evaluation of the contribution of tourism and luminous radiation can provide reference and suggestions for relevant departments to formulate tourism night protection measures.

scholarly journals Spatial patterns of preventable perinatal mortality in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita De Cássia de Sousa Nascimento ◽  
Maria Da Conceição Nascimento Costa ◽  
José Uéleres Braga ◽  
Márcio Santos da Natividade
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Spatial Distribution Pattern ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The City

OBJECTIVE To identify the spatial distribution patterns and areas of higher risk of preventable perinatal mortality in the city of Salvador, State of Bahia, Brazil. METHODS We carried out a spatial aggregated study in 2007, considering the weighting areas (census tracts contiguous sets) of Salvador, of which the center and north present low life conditions. Data were obtained from national vital statistics systems and the 2010 Census. Addresses of live births and stillbirths were geocoded by weighting area. The spatial distribution of the perinatal mortality rate was analyzed from thematic maps. Spatial dependence was evaluated by the Global and Local Geary’s and Moran’s Indexes. RESULTS Crude and smoothed perinatal mortality rates were high in areas situated to the north, west, and in center of Salvador. The smoothed rates in weighting areas ranged from 4.9/1,000 to 22.3/1,000 births. Of all perinatal deaths, 92.1% could have been prevented. We identified spatial dependence for preventable perinatal mortality for care in pregnancy, with neighboring areas with high risk in the north of the city. CONCLUSIONS The preventability potential of perinatal mortality was high in Salvador, in 2007. The spatial distribution pattern with higher rates in disadvantaged areas of the city suggests the existence of social inequalities in health. The characteristics of the process of urban development of Salvador, which has inadequate prenatal care, possibly influenced the magnitude and spatial distribution pattern of this mortality.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of coffee crop productivity in Minas Gerais over time

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Renan Serenini ◽  
Patrícia de Siqueira Ramos ◽  
Lincoln Frias
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
The State ◽  
Moran’S I ◽  
Coffee Production ◽  
Moran's I ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Over Time

Brazil is the world's largest coffee producer and the state of Minas Gerais is responsible for half of the Brazilian production. However, productivity is unevenly distributed throughout the state. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the spatial distribution of coffee productivity in Minas Gerais from 2002 to 2017, a valuable information to identify regions where coffee production may be more promising in the future. This paper investigates the existence of spatial dependence of productivity between regions (using Moran's I), its dynamics throughout the period and the presence of clusters of high and low productivity (using local Moran's I). The results show that the spatial dependence of productivity was stronger from 2002 to 2009 than between 2010 and 2017. Some regions with small coffee areas but high productivity have stopped producing the crop whereas some of those with large areas but low productivity increased their productivity levels. Therefore, there is a tendency of homogenization of productivity in Minas Gerais, with values close to 30 bags per hectare.

scholarly journals PEMETAAN MINIMARKET DI KOTA PADANG

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nila Supranita
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Random Pattern ◽  
Nearest Neighbor Analysis ◽  
The City

This study aims to (1) Know the conditions minimarket in Padang, (a) Size minimarket (b) Number of employees minimarket and (2) Determine the distribution pattern minimarket in Padang. This paper research is a descriptive quantitative research. The population in this study were all minimarket in Padang totaling 142 minimarket. With data collection techniques directly into the field. Anailisis spatial data is done by a technique that is the nearest neighbor analysis and descriptive analysis with the calculation of percentages. The results showed that (1) Spread minimarket in the city of Padang, where there are 11 districts in the city of Padang there is one sub-district that does not have the minimarket, Bungus Teluk Kabung sackclo districts. Then it is also known that the category minimarket broad based with most major categories are in the Eastern District of Padang as much as 9 minimarket or 42.86%. While the minimarket by category of employees with most major categories in the District that is as much as 6 minimarket or 60%. (2) Distribution minimartket in Padang is not random pattern, but the pattern is clusters (cluster).Key Words: mapping, minimarket, Average Nearest Neighbor Summary

scholarly journals RÁDIOS COMUNITÁRIAS NO SUL DO MARANHÃO - CONTEXTOS E LIMITAÇÕES DO TRABALHO RADIOJORNALÍSTICO

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 596
Author(s):  
Graziela Soares Bianchi ◽  
Nayane Rodrigues de Brito
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
The South ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Radio Stations ◽  
News Agency ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Local Radio

O rádio exerce grande importância para uma localidade. Ele é, em muitos casos, o único meio que pode oportunizar momentos para discutir os interesses de uma comunidade. O radiojornalismo, sobretudo desenvolvido em emissoras comunitárias, apresenta-se como um produto que pode colaborar para o desenvolvimento de bairros e até cidades pequenas. A partir desse entendimento, este artigo se propõe a realizar uma análise descritiva dos programas “Jornal da Manhã”, da Rádio Buriti FM e “Direitos Humanos: um desafio para a vida”, transmitidos pela Arca FM, informativos produzidos por emissoras localizadas no Sul do Maranhão. Verificou-se ainda o “Jornal Central”, da Agência Central de Notícias, da capital do estado, São Luís. Com exceção deste último radiojornal, os demais programas expõem informações e opinião com poucas produções de notícias, aspecto que é questionado e refletido pelo trabalho.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Radiojornalismo; Rádios Comunitárias; Informação; Opinião; Sul do Maranhão.     ABSTRACT Radio is of great importance to a locality. It is, in many cases, the only way that can provide opportunities to discuss the interests of a community. Radiojournalism, especially developed in community broadcasters, is a product that can contribute to the development of neighborhoods and even small cities. Based on this understanding, this article proposes to make a descriptive analysis of the programs "Jornal da Manhã", Radio Buriti FM and " Direitos Humanos: um desafio para a vida ", transmitted by Arca FM, information produced by local radio stations In the South of Maranhão. The " Jornal Central " of the Central News Agency of the capital of the state, São Luís, was also verified. Apart from this last radiojournal, the other programs expose information and opinion with few news productions, which is questioned and reflected by the article.   KEYWORDS: Radiojournalism; Community Radios; Information; Opinion; South of Maranhão.     RESUMEN La radio tiene una gran importancia para una región. Es, en muchos casos, la única manera en que puede crear oportunidades para discutir los temas que importa a una comunidad. El periodismo de radio, especialmente desarrollado por las emisoras comunitarias, se presenta como un producto que puede contribuir al desarrollo de los barrios e incluso pequeñas ciudades. Sobre la base de este entendimiento, se propone llevar a cabo un análisis descriptivo del "Jornal da Manhã" programa de la radio Buriti FM y "Direitos Humanos: um desafio para a vida", transmitido por la Arca FM, la información producida por las estaciones ubicadas en el sur de Maranhão. También forma parte del análisis el "Jornal Central", de la Agencia Central de Noticias, de la capital del estado, São Luís. A excepción de este último radiojornal, otros programas exponen información y opinión con pequeñas producciones de noticias, un aspecto que se cuestiona y refleja por esto trabajo.   PALABRAS-CLAVE: Periodismo de radio; Radio Comunitarias; Información; Opinión; Sur del Maranhão.

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