Glavtransneft fixed assets: tanks

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 490-498
Author(s):  
Anatoly E. Soshchenko ◽  
◽  
Elena V. Shchurova ◽  
Boris N. Mastobaev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pipeline System ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Tank Farm ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Main Production ◽  
Main Oil Pipeline

The article presents a historical overview of one of the most important groups of fixed assets of the Main Production Office for Oil Transportation and Supply (Glavtransneft) – tanks. The main tendencies of tank construction development in the USSR and the USA in 1970–1990 are presented. The analysis of technical indicators and parameters of tank designs in our country and abroad was performed. The issues of ensuring reliable and safe operation of tanks of different types, as well as the directions of technological change in the field of long-term growth of the tank farm in the main oil pipeline system are considered.

Additional methods to improve the energy efficiency of oil pipeline transportation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 558-565
Author(s):  
Marat R. Lukmanov ◽  
◽  
Sergey L. Semin ◽  
Pavel V. Fedorov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Pumping Equipment ◽  
Preparatory Work

The challenges of increasing the energy efficiency of the economy as a whole and of certain production sectors in particular are a priority both in our country and abroad. As part of the energy policy of the Russian Federation to reduce the specific energy intensity of enterprises in the oil transportation system, Transneft PJSC developed and implements the energy saving and energy efficiency improvement Program. The application of energy-saving technologies allowed the company to significantly reduce operating costs and emissions of harmful substances. At the same time, further reduction of energy costs is complicated for objective reasons. The objective of this article is to present additional methods to improve the energy efficiency of oil transportation by the example of the organizational structure of Transneft. Possibilities to reduce energy costs in the organization of the operating services, planning and execution of work to eliminate defects and preparatory work for the scheduled shutdown of the pipeline, the use of pumping equipment, including pumps with variable speed drive, the use of various pipelines layouts, changing the volume of oil entering the pipeline system and increase its viscosity.

scholarly journals Drag Reducer Selection for Oil Pipeline Based Laboratory Experiment

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leksono Mucharam ◽  
Silvya Rahmawati ◽  
Rizki Ramadhani
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Chemical Application ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Pipeline Flow ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Pump Stations

Oil and gas industry is one of the most capital-intensive industry in the world. Each step of oil and gas processing starting from exploration, exploitation, up to abandonment of the field, consumes large amount of capital. Optimization in each step of process is essential to reduce expenditure. In this paper, optimization of fluid flow in pipeline during oil transportation will be observed and studied in order to increase pipeline flow performance.This paper concentrates on chemical application into pipeline therefore the chemical can increase overall pipeline throughput or decrease energy requirement for oil transportation. These chemicals are called drag reducing agent, which consist of various chemicals such as surfactants, polymers, nanofluids, fibers, etc. During the application of chemical into pipeline flow system, these chemicals are already proven to decrease pump work for constant flow rate or allow pipeline to transport more oil for same amount of pump work. The first application of drag reducer in large scale oil transportation was in Trans Alaskan Pipeline System which cancel the need to build several pump stations because of the successful application. Since then, more company worldwide started to apply drag reducer to their pipeline system.Several tedious testings on laboratory should be done to examine the effect of drag reducer to crude oil that will be the subject of application. In this paper, one of the testing method is studied and experimented to select the most effective DRA from several proposed additives. For given pipeline system and crude oil type, the most optimum DRA is DRA A for pipeline section S-R and for section R-P is DRA B. Different type of oil and pipeline geometry will require different chemical drag reducer. 

scholarly journals Development of mathematical models and optimization of operation modes of the oil heating station of main oil pipelines under conditions of fuzzy initial information

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2 (114)) ◽  
pp. 147-162
Author(s):  
Batyr Orazbayev ◽  
Zhadra Moldasheva ◽  
Kulman Orazbayeva ◽  
Valentina Makhatova ◽  
Lyailya Kurmangaziyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heuristic Method ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Initial Information ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Fuzzy Environment ◽  
Operation Modes ◽  
Heating Station ◽  
Main Oil Pipeline ◽  
Selection Of

The relevance of the study is substantiated by the fact that when managing the processes of oil transportation through main pipelines, it becomes necessary to determine and select the optimal operating modes of the oil pipeline units, taking into account the fuzziness of some part of the initial information. In this regard, solving the problem of multi-criteria selection of effective operating modes for an oil heating station for a hot oil pipeline system, which is often described in a fuzzy environment, based on the apparatus of fuzzy set theories, is an urgent scientific and practical problem. A method for the synthesis of models in the conditions of fuzzy output parameters of the object has been developed, with the help of which fuzzy models of the investigated oil heating station of the main oil pipeline have been built. Based on the modification and combination of various optimality principles, mathematical formulations of the problem of multi-criteria selection of effective operating modes for an oil heating station in a fuzzy environment are obtained. By modifying and adapting the principles of guaranteed results and equality in a fuzzy environment, a heuristic method has been developed for solving the formulated problem of selecting object's operation modes using the initial fuzzy information. The proposed heuristic method for multi-criteria selection in a fuzzy environment is based on the use of the experience and knowledge of the decision-maker. The proposed approach is implemented in the formulation and solution of the problem of multi-criteria selection of operating modes of the oil heating station in Atyrau of the Uzen-Atyrau-Samara main oil pipeline. As a result of the application of the proposed method, an improvement in the degree of fulfillment of a fuzzy restriction on environmental impact was achieved by 2 %, as well as the optimal values of the operating parameters of the object were improved: the temperature was reduced by 1.85 % (5.67 K), pressure – by 0.04 % (kPa) and fuel consumption – by 2.9 % (0.0002 kg/s). The obtained results have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed approach to solving the assigned tasks.

scholarly journals Research of Application of Anti-Turbulent and Depressor Additives in Pipeline Transport of High Viscosity Oils

2021 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
A. K. Nikolaev ◽  
◽  
E. S. Demenin ◽  
K. I. Plotnikova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Hydraulic Resistance ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Pipeline Transport ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil Pipelines ◽  
The Usa ◽  
High Viscosity Oil ◽  
Main Oil Pipeline

The use of anti-turbulent and depressant additives makes it possible to increase the efficiency of oil pipelines transporting high-viscosity oil. In this method, the principle of increasing the efficiency of transportation is based on reducing the hydraulic resistance and increasing the fluidity of oil. The work carried out a theoretical study of the existing types of anti-turbulent and depressant additives. This article presents an experimental study of the effect of the MR 1088 depressant additive on an oil sample from the Usa – Ukhta main oil pipeline.

Analysis of the Linear Section Risk Level Including Changes in the Pipe Material Strength Properties during Main Oil Pipeline Operations

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
S.A. Shotskiy ◽  
◽  
S.L. Golofast ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Pipe Steel ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Main Pipelines ◽  
Linear Sections ◽  
Main Oil Pipeline

Strength properties of the pipe material are random variables and have a statistical straggling that differs for pipe products of different grades. Distribution of these properties significantly effects on the results of calculating the current level of strength reliability and risk of linear sections for the main pipelines. The reliability of such calculations results depends not only on the distribution that obeys the strength properties of the pipe material at the surveyed section, but also on the dispersion limits of these properties. At present, the main pipelines have significant service lives. Due to this, when making assessment of the technical condition, safety, and risk level of linear sections, the issue is raised of how stable the distribution is related to the pipe steel strength properties with an increase of the service life for the main pipeline. The results of studies are presented concerning the actual distribution and limits of dispersion for the strength properties of pipe steel grade 17G1S after a long-term operation of the main pipeline. It is established that the regularities and strength properties dissipation limits for the material of a pipe made of the above steel are changing with time. Based on the results of the study, a practical example is considered related to the assessment of the effect of the identified changes on the probability of failure and the risk level for one of sections at the linear part of the main oil pipeline. The results obtained in the work substantiate the need in considering changes in the distribution of strength properties that arises with an increase in the main pipelines service life. The outlined approach allows to increase the reliability of risk assessment results for the main pipelines having long-term service life.

Winter always comes: social enterprise in times of crisis

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasheda Weaver ◽  
Chyanne Lanae Blakey
Keyword(s):  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Societal Issues ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This study aims to outline the importance of distinguishing between different types of societal crises and the role that plays in how social enterprises may respond to crises at hand. Design/methodology/approach Previous literature is used to distinguish between various types of societal crises discussed in the study. Social enterprise responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, economic recession and the racial uprising in the USA that all erupted at the start of the 2020 decade are explored to illustrate the need for different responses to each. Findings The origin and manifestation of crises differ in that they may have public health, natural, economic or even intentionally man-made origins. In addition, in times of crisis, social enterprises must be prepared to innovate, adapt or at least manage the effects of one or more crises on their organizations. These innovations may be social, technology or economic innovations. Research limitations/implications This study contributes to knowledge about the role and value of social enterprise as a tool for addressing societal issues. The three types of crises explored in this paper will likely reoccur and evolve to manifest in new ways. As such, it is imperative that research on the efficacy of social enterprises during times of crisis are conducted to inform practice, policy and future research. Practical implications This study aims to inform and encourage institutions, particularly social enterprises, to recognize that “winter always comes.” Crises always happen in life and how organizations respond to such crises will differ based on the type of crisis at hand. This study particularly contributes to knowledge by emphasizing the need for social enterprises to think about both economic uncertainty and the role they play in addressing crises in the long-term, not just when they occur. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is one of the first to explore the role and value of social enterprises as a tool for combatting major social crises such as racism, pandemics and recessions.

scholarly journals Building a Social Discount Rate to be Applied in US Afforestation Project Appraisal

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 445
Author(s):  
María José Muñoz Torrecillas ◽  
Julian Roche ◽  
Salvador Cruz Rambaud
Keyword(s):  
Discount Rate ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Hazard Rate ◽  
National Park ◽  
Discount Function ◽  
Project Appraisal ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Rate Of Failure

This paper is focused on searching for the suitable discount rate to be applied to the valuation of a project related to forests in the USA, e.g., a recreational area inside a national park. To do this, we propose a new model based on hazard rate concepts, i.e., based on the risk that waiting time implies. More specifically, we derive the discount function whose instantaneous discount rate is the hazard rate of the system supporting the investment. We determine the rate of failure corresponding to different partition criteria of the whole system; in our case, we can use the information on forest fires caused in different ways, in different states or in different types of forest surfaces. After showing independence between the forest fires by states and causes, we derive a specific discount function for each cause which can be applied to every state or set of states which agree to fight against a concrete cause of forest fire. Additionally, we obtain a unique discount function by weighting the partial discount functions by type of forest surfaces. Our results are in line with the recommendations from several authors about using decreasing discount rates for projects with very long-term impacts.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation of LoRa based sensor node and gateway architecture for oil pipeline management

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 974
Author(s):  
Chavala Lakshmi Narayana ◽  
Rajesh Singh ◽  
Anita Gehlot
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Communication Protocol ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wide Area Networks ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Oil Pipelines ◽  
Pipeline Management ◽  
The Internet Of Things

These days, the oil industrial industry is leaning toward employing smart field improvements to streamline various activities in the midstream area. Oil transportation over large distances via pipelines has a cheap cost and high efficiency in this sector. If pipelines are not properly maintained, they may fail, potentially causing catastrophic, long-term, and irreversible consequences on both natural and human conditions. Low power wide area networks (LPWANs) are without a doubt one of the domains that cause the most from industrial fields when it comes to realizing the vision of the internet of things (IoT). Long-range (LoRa) is an emerging LPWAN technology that is particularly useful for transmitting data over long distances. The goal of this work is to offer a methodology for managing oil pipelines over long distances utilizing the LoRa communication protocol and the installation of sensor nodes and LoRa gateways along the pipeline. We also used the optimized network engineering tools (OPNET) simulator to examine various simulation findings of LoRa performance.

The Acute Effect of Alcohol on Various Memory Processes

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márk Molnár ◽  
Roland Boha ◽  
Balázs Czigler ◽  
Zsófia Anna Gaál
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Processes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Legal Consequences

This review surveys relevant and recent data of the pertinent literature regarding the acute effect of alcohol on various kinds of memory processes with special emphasis on working memory. The characteristics of different types of long-term memory (LTM) and short-term memory (STM) processes are summarized with an attempt to relate these to various structures in the brain. LTM is typically impaired by chronic alcohol intake but according to some data a single dose of ethanol may have long lasting effects if administered at a critically important age. The most commonly seen deleterious acute effect of alcohol to STM appears following large doses of ethanol in conditions of “binge drinking” causing the “blackout” phenomenon. However, with the application of various techniques and well-structured behavioral paradigms it is possible to detect, albeit occasionally, subtle changes of cognitive processes even as a result of a low dose of alcohol. These data may be important for the consideration of legal consequences of low-dose ethanol intake in conditions such as driving, etc.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document