scholarly journals Scales and instruments for measuring self-esteem in adolescents and young adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Dulce M. Ochoa-Corral ◽  
Guadalupe Campos-Valdez ◽  
Alberto Gómez-Zarco ◽  
Alejandra Lima-Quezada
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Mexican Population ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Psychological Instruments ◽  
Different Levels

Self-esteem is an evaluation the individual makes about themself, being classified as positive or negative. To accomplish this, psychology has proposed, use valid and reliable measuring instruments in the Mexican population, since there is a primary need to understand the different levels of self-esteem in individuals. The objective of the study was composing a review of validated scales and psychological instruments in the Mexican population on Self-esteem in adolescents and young adults from 15 to 25 years old. To the Method, the collection of information was made through databases such as PUBMED, Redalyc, Google Academic, Scielo and Dialnet. The descriptors were Self-esteem, adolescence, youth, and instruments of psychological evaluation. 96 articles were found, which only 5 of them fulfill the criteria. The results reflect 5 scales and instruments that measure self-esteem in Mexican adolescents and young adults, the application of these instruments fluctuates from 14 to 51 years and presents a reliability >0.70. It is concluded that in Social Sciences and Psychology, the application of instruments provides objective measures for a variety of problems to deal with. For this reason, valid and reliable self-esteem scales in the Mexican population may smooth the progress of the selection depending on subscales or factors that the psychologist or researcher wants to address individually or in a group.

Investigating the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Stigma Among Young Adults With History of Suicide Attempts

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshan Lehmann ◽  
Matthew R. Hilimire ◽  
Lawrence H. Yang ◽  
Bruce G. Link ◽  
Jordan E. DeVylder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Self-esteem is a major contributor to risk for repeated suicide attempts. Prior research has shown that awareness of stigma is associated with reduced self-esteem among people with mental illness. No prior studies have examined the association between self-esteem and stereotype awareness among individuals with past suicide attempts. Aims: To understand the relationship between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among young adults who have and have not attempted suicide. Method: Computerized surveys were administered to college students (N = 637). Linear regression analyses were used to test associations between self-esteem and stereotype awareness, attempt history, and their interaction. Results: There was a significant stereotype awareness by attempt interaction (β = –.74, p = .006) in the regression analysis. The interaction was explained by a stronger negative association between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among individuals with past suicide attempts (β = –.50, p = .013) compared with those without attempts (β = –.09, p = .037). Conclusion: Stigma is associated with lower self-esteem within this high-functioning sample of young adults with histories of suicide attempts. Alleviating the impact of stigma at the individual (clinical) or community (public health) levels may improve self-esteem among this high-risk population, which could potentially influence subsequent suicide risk.

scholarly journals Is It Helpful to Believe That Efforts Will Lead to Positive Outcomes? Two Cross-Lagged Panel Investigations among Adolescents and Young Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7585
Author(s):  
Jacky C. K. Ng ◽  
Vince W. T. Cheung ◽  
Helen S. M. Wong ◽  
Sherry M. Y. Leung ◽  
Victor C. Y. Lau
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Multiplicative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

Over the past few decades, the role of self-views in life satisfaction has been extensively investigated. Recently, growing attention has been directed to the question of whether an optimistic worldview, termed “reward for application”, helps boost life satisfaction. Conceptually, the association between reward for application and life satisfaction can be paradoxical. Due to various methodological and theoretical shortfalls, previous investigations were unable to draw a robust conclusion on this association. To address these shortfalls, two cross-lagged panel studies were conducted with different time lags. Over and above the potential confounds of self-views (namely, self-esteem and self-rated personality traits), reward for application had a positive effect on lagged life satisfaction among both adolescents and young adults, while the reverse effect was not found. Moreover, we found support for the multiplicative effect between worldviews and self-views, in which the positive effect of reward for application on life satisfaction was attenuated by high self-esteem.

scholarly journals Psychological Well-being of Students with Different Levels of Role Victimization

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
E.S. Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Type ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Levels

of psychological well-being features in students with different levels of role victimization. Role victimization shall be understood to mean such a strategy of victim relations, which is based on the individual predisposition to produce a particular playing or social type of victim behavior (playing and social role of the victim) (M.A. Odintsova). The article presents the analysis of psychological well-being of students with different levels of role victimization (N = 82, average age 21 years). "Auto-viktim» (N = 28), "victim» (N = 31), "non-viktim» (N = 23) groups were formed according to the level and nature of manifestations of the role victimization, and a comparative analysis of the level of psychological well-being and perception of the image of the world in these groups was made. The study shows that while level of role victimization increases, psychological well-being of students reduces and negative attitude toward the world forms. "Auto-viktim" students while facing difficulties play the role of victim, and "victim" students use social role. "Non-viktim" students have positive self-esteem, they are optimistic, easy to set goals and reach them. Also the article present an analysis of the peculiarities of the psychological well-being, the perception of image of the world, the level of role victimization in groups of male and female youth.

scholarly journals Adherence to and Retention in Medications for Opioid Use Disorder Among Adolescents and Young Adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Viera ◽  
Daniel J Bromberg ◽  
Shannon Whittaker ◽  
Bryan M Refsland ◽  
Milena Stanojlović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Full Text Review ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Negative Health Outcomes

Abstract The volatile opioid epidemic is associated with higher levels of opioid use disorder (OUD) and negative health outcomes in adolescents and young adults. Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) demonstrate the best evidence for treating OUD. Adherence to and retention in MOUD, defined as continuous engagement in treatment, among adolescents and young adults, however, is incompletely understood. We examined the state of the literature regarding the association of age with adherence to and retention in MOUD using methadone, buprenorphine, or naltrexone among persons aged 10–24 years, along with related facilitators and barriers. All studies of MOUD were searched for that examined adherence, retention, or related concepts as an outcome variable and included adolescents or young adults. Search criteria generated 10,229 records; after removing duplicates and screening titles and abstracts, 587 studies were identified for full-text review. Ultimately, 52 articles met inclusion criteria for abstraction and 17 were selected for qualitative coding and analysis. Younger age was consistently associated with shorter retention, although the overall quality of included studies was low. Several factors at the individual, interpersonal, and institutional levels, such as concurrent substance use, MOUD adherence, family conflict, and MOUD dosage and flexibility, appeared to have roles in MOUD retention among adolescents and young adults. Ways MOUD providers can tailor treatment to increase retention of adolescents and young adults are highlighted, as is the need for more research explaining MOUD adherence and retention disparities in this age group.

Self-esteem, Body Image, and Dating Violence in Colombian Adolescents and Young Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052199458
Author(s):  
Yolima Bolívar-Suárez ◽  
Jorge Arturo Martínez Gómez ◽  
Libia Yanelli Yanez-Peñúñuri ◽  
César Armando Rey Anacona ◽  
Ana Milena Gaviria Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Dating Violence ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Correlational Design ◽  
The Relationship

Two objectives were formulated. The first was to establish whether characteristics such as self-esteem, perception of body image, and dating perpetration explain dating victimization. The second was to check if sex moderates the relationship between low self-esteem and dissatisfaction and if body dissatisfaction mediates the effect of low self-esteem on being a victim of dating violence (DV). A total of 1,409 Colombian adolescents and young adults, secondary and university students (42.5% men and 57.5% women), aged between 14 and 25 years ( M = 18.6 years; SD = 2.8 years) participated. An explanatory correlational design was used, in which the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Body Shape Questionnaire, and the Revised Dating Violence Questionnaire were applied. Six regression models were proposed for both men and women, where it was found that low self-esteem, body dissatisfaction, and violence exerted in the courtship explain the violence received. Also, through the moderated mediation analysis, a moderate conditional indirect effect was verified of low self-esteem in DV victimization (R2 = 0.052***) through body dissatisfaction, being higher in women than in men. The preceding points to the convenience of intervening on self-esteem and body image in adolescents and young victims of this type of violence and considering these aspects in prevention campaigns.

Précis ofDarwin, sex and status: Biological approaches to mind and culture

1991 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome H. Barkow
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Evolutionary Theory ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Human Sociobiology ◽  
Structured Information ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Genetic Fitness ◽  
Relative Standing

AbstractDarwin, Sex and Statusargues that a human sociobiology that mistakes evolutionary theory for theories of psychology and culture is wrong, as are psychologies that could never have evolved or social sciences that posit impossible psychologies. Status develops theories of human self-awareness, cognition, and cultural capacity that are compatible with evolutionary theory. Recurring themes include: the importance of sexual selection in human evolution; our species' preoccupation with self-esteem and relative standing; the individual as an active strategist, regularly revising culturally provided information; and awareness as an impressionmanagement device. Culture is a somewhat structured information pool that itself evolves, often in ways that reduce the genetic fitness of its participants.

scholarly journals Psychosocial and mental health challenges faced by emerging adults living with HIV and support systems aiding their positive coping: a qualitative study from the Kenyan coast

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses K. Nyongesa ◽  
Carophine Nasambu ◽  
Rachael Mapenzi ◽  
Hans M. Koot ◽  
Pim Cuijpers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Positive Coping ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, there is little data on the challenges faced by young people living with HIV transitioning into adult life. Adapting the socio-ecological framework, this qualitative study investigated the challenges faced by emerging adults living with HIV from a rural Kenyan setting. Additionally, the study explored support systems that aid positive coping among these young adults. Methods: In April 2018, in-depth interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of 22 young adults living with HIV (12 females), 18-24 years old, from rural Kilifi, coast of Kenya. Data were analyzed thematically using NVIVO 11 software. Results: Young adults living with HIV from this setting face various challenges at different levels of the social ecosystem. At the individual level, key challenges they reported included acceptance of HIV positive status, antiretroviral adherence, economic burden associated with access to healthcare, building an intimate relationship, mental health problems, and HIV status disclosure. At the family level, death of parents, poverty, and being unaccepted were the commonly mentioned challenges. At the community level, socialization difficulties and long waiting time at the HIV clinic were highlighted. HIV stigma and discrimination were frequently reported across the different levels. Economic independence, social support (from families, friends, organizations, healthcare providers and peer meetings), and reliance on spirituality aided positive coping among these young adults amidst the challenges of living with HIV.Conclusions: In this rural setting, emerging adults living with HIV face various challenges at the individual, family, and community level, some of which are cross-cutting. Our findings underscore the need for designing multi-level youth-friendly interventions that can address modifiable challenges encountered by emerging adults living with HIV in this and similar settings. Such interventions should incorporate appropriate context-specific support structures that may help these young people smoothly transit into adult life.

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