scholarly journals Diagnóstico básico do sistema de drenagem em Piumhi com aplicação de modelagem GIS

ForScience ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e00871
Author(s):  
Gabriel Soares Silva ◽  
Germano de Oliveira Mattosinho
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Gis Modeling ◽  
Public Data ◽  
Water Volumes

O padrão de urbanização brasileiro convergiu para uma infraestrutura inconsistente e seus problemas crônicos são históricos devido à expansão urbana nos entornos dos mananciais. Dentro desses desafios, surge a oportunidade para inserção de conceitos de Engenharia para sanar essas deficiências. Neste estudo, no município de Piumhi/Minas Gerais, observa-se que os impactos socioambientais, ocasionados por meio do crescimento populacional desordenado e corroborado com uma antiga infraestrutura, levaram alguns pontos localizados no município a não ter capacidade de suporte nos volumes de água escoadas superficialmente nos períodos chuvosos. Definiu-se locais de análises, no entorno do Campus avançado IFMG, onde estes convergem para o exutório localizado na Ponte do Ribeirão do Corte, escoando águas pluviais das vias Amazonas e José Alvarenga, classificadas como coletora e arterial, respectivamente. O estudo a seguir pauta-se na utilização de uma metodologia aplicável, o qual confeccionará mapa cartográfico através de dados públicos em hidrografia e coleta de informações in loco, fazendo geoprocessamento em ambiente GIS de software livre, o que facilita sua reprodução nos setores públicos. O trabalho fornece elementos de dimensionamentos e hipóteses, para tomada de decisão dos gestores buscando uma melhoria do sistema de drenagem da região e trazendo conhecimento ao público local, os modelos contemporâneos de administração pública, partindo do preceito de uma Smart City, ou seja, com a utilização tecnologia para monitoramento, como possível no QGIS. Desse modo, o município estará preparado para atender suas demandas de crescimento populacional, minimizando gastos com obras emergências no ponto econômico e melhor bem-estar aos munícipes. Palavras-chave: Infraestrutura. Rede de drenagem. Smart city.   Basic diagnosis of the drainage system in Piumhi with GIS modeling application Abstract The Brazilian urbanization pattern converged to an inconsistent infrastructure and its chronic problems are historical due to the urban expansion around the springs. Within these challenges, there is an opportunity to insert engineering concepts to remedy these deficiencies. In this study, in the municipality of Piumhi/Minas Gerais, it is observed that the socioenvironmental, impacts caused, through the disordered population growth and corroborated with an old infrastructure, led some points located in the municipality to not have the capacity to support the drained water volumes. superficially in rainy periods. Analysis sites were defined around the advanced IFMG campus, where they converge to the exutory located on the Ribeirão do Corte Bridge, draining rainwater from the Amazonas and José Alvarenga roads, classified as collector and arterial, respectively. The following study is based on the use of an applicable methodology, which will make a cartographic map using public data in hydrography and information collection in loco, doing geoprocessing in a free software GIS environment, which facilitates its reproduction in the public sectors. The work provides elements of dimensioning and hypotheses, for decision-making by managers seeking to improve the drainage system in the region and bringing knowledge to the local, public about contemporary models of public administration, based on the precept of a Smart City, that is, with the use technology for monitoring, as possible in QGIS. In this way, the municipality will be prepared to meet its population growth demands, minimizing expenses with emergency works at the economic point and better well-being for residents. Keywords: Infrastructure. Drainage system. Smart city.

scholarly journals Showcasing Relationships between Neighborhood Design and Wellbeing Toronto Indicators

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Shaker ◽  
Joseph Aversa ◽  
Victoria Papp ◽  
Bryant Serre ◽  
Brian Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Landscape Ecology ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Landscape Configuration ◽  
Public Data

Cities are the keystone landscape features for achieving sustainability locally, regionally, and globally. With the increasing impacts of urban expansion eminent, policymakers have encouraged researchers to advance or invent methods for managing coupled human–environmental systems associated with local and regional sustainable development planning. Although progress has been made, there remains no universal instrument for attaining sustainability on neither regional nor local planning scales. Previous sustainable urbanization studies have revealed that landscape configuration metrics can supplement other measures of urban well-being, yet few have been included in public data dashboards or contrasted against local well-being indicators. To advance this sector of sustainable development planning, this study had three main intentions: (1) to produce a foundational suite of landscape ecology metrics from the 2007 land cover dataset for the City of Toronto; (2) to visualize and interpret spatial patterns of neighborhood streetscape patch cohesion index (COHESION), Shannon’s diversity index (SHDI), and four Wellbeing Toronto indicators across the 140 Toronto neighborhoods; (3) to quantitatively assess the global collinearity and local explanatory power of the well-being and landscape measures showcased in this study. One-hundred-and-thirty landscape ecology metrics were computed: 18 class configuration metrics across seven land cover categories and four landscape diversity metrics. Anselin Moran’s I-test was used to illustrate significant spatial patterns of well-being and landscape indicators; Pearson’s correlation and conditional autoregressive (CAR) statistics were used to evaluate relationships between them. Spatial “hot-spots” and/or “cold-spots” were found in all streetscape variables. Among other interesting results, Walk Score® was negatively related to both tree canopy and grass/shrub connectedness, signifying its lack of consideration for the quality of ecosystem services and environmental public health—and subsequently happiness—during its proximity assessment of socioeconomic amenities. In sum, landscape ecology metrics can provide cost-effective ecological integrity addendum to existing and future urban resilience, sustainable development, and well-being monitoring programs.

SenCity – Evaluating Users’ Experiences of Intelligent Lighting for Well-Being in Smart Cities

2018 ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Henrika Pihlajaniemi ◽  
Anna Luusua ◽  
Eveliina Juntunen
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
System Data

This paper presents the evaluation of usersХ experiences in three intelligent lighting pilots in Finland. Two of the case studies are related to the use of intelligent lighting in different kinds of traffic areas, having emphasis on aspects of visibility, traffic and movement safety, and sense of security. The last case study presents a more complex view to the experience of intelligent lighting in smart city contexts. The evaluation methods, tailored to each pilot context, include questionnaires, an urban dashboard, in-situ interviews and observations, evaluation probes, and system data analyses. The applicability of the selected and tested methods is discussed reflecting the process and achieved results.

scholarly journals Toward a Dualistic Growth? Population Increase and Land-Use Change in Rome, Italy

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 749
Author(s):  
Leonardo Bianchini ◽  
Gianluca Egidi ◽  
Ahmed Alhuseen ◽  
Adele Sateriano ◽  
Sirio Cividino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Mediterranean Basin ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Per Capita

The spatial mismatch between population growth and settlement expansion is at the base of current models of urban growth. Empirical evidence is increasingly required to inform planning measures promoting urban containment in the context of a stable (or declining) population. In these regards, per-capita indicators of land-use change can be adopted with the aim at evaluating long-term sustainability of urbanization processes. The present study assesses spatial variations in per-capita indicators of land-use change in Rome, Central Italy, at five years (1949, 1974, 1999, 2008, and 2016) with the final objective of quantifying the mismatch between urban expansion and population growth. Originally specialized in agricultural productions, Rome’s metropolitan area is a paradigmatic example of dispersed urban expansion in the Mediterranean basin. By considering multiple land-use dynamics, per-capita indicators of landscape change delineated three distinctive waves of growth corresponding with urbanization, suburbanization, and a more mixed stage with counter-urbanization and re-urbanization impulses. By reflecting different socioeconomic contexts on a local scale, urban fabric and forests were identified as the ‘winner’ classes, expanding homogeneously over time at the expense of cropland. Agricultural landscapes experienced a more heterogeneous trend with arable land and pastures declining systematically and more fragmented land classes (e.g., vineyards and olive groves) displaying stable (or slightly increasing) trends. The continuous reduction of per-capita surface area of cropland that’s supports a reduced production base, which is now insufficient to satisfy the rising demand for fresh food at the metropolitan scale, indicates the unsustainability of the current development in Rome and more generally in the whole Mediterranean basin, a region specialized traditionally in (proximity) agricultural productions.

Understanding Effects of Tourism on Residents: A Contingent Subjective Well-Being Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 004728752098891
Author(s):  
Kreg Lindberg ◽  
Ian E. Munanura ◽  
Chad Kooistra ◽  
Mark D. Needham ◽  
Ladan Ghahramani
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
County Level ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
General Population Survey ◽  
Environment Domain ◽  
Perceived Impacts ◽  
Practical Implications

Research regarding tourism’s effect on the subjective well-being (SWB) of destination residents has provided important insight, but it generally has relied on indirect analyses and diverse measures. This study used livability theory and a novel contingent SWB method in which respondents directly reported anticipated SWB effects. This method is exploratory, but it provides greater confidence in causal relationships. Results from a general population survey in Oregon (USA) suggested the method functioned as intended. County-level population growth and visitor intensity predicted perceived current impacts of tourism. In turn, perceived impacts predicted change in SWB contingent on a vignette reflecting a 20% increase in tourists. Across all individuals and counties, average SWB changes were negative for the environment domain and positive for other domains. Practical implications are discussed, with the most positive SWB effects from tourism development expected to occur in counties with low visitor intensity, especially those with low population growth.

scholarly journals Gravity as a tool to improve the hydrologic mass budget in karstic areas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Pivetta ◽  
Carla Braitenberg ◽  
Franci Gabrovšek ◽  
Gerald Gabriel ◽  
Bruno Meurers
Keyword(s):  
Hydrodynamic Model ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Mass Budget ◽  
Cave System ◽  
Super Conducting ◽  
Water Volumes ◽  
Large Water

Abstract. Monitoring the water movements in karstic areas is a fundamental but challenging task due to the complexity of the drainage system and the difficulty in deploying a network of observations. Gravimetry offers a valid complement to classical hydrologic measurements in order to characterize such systems in which the recharge process causes temporarily accumulation of large water volumes in the voids of the epi-phreatic system. We show an innovative integration of gravimetric and hydrologic observations that constrains a hydrodynamic model of the Škocjan cave system (Slovenia). We demonstrate how the inclusion of gravity observations improves water mass budget estimates for the Škocjan area based on hydrological observations only. Finally, the detectability of water storage variations in other karstic contexts is discussed with respect to the noise performances of spring and super-conducting gravimeters.

scholarly journals Changing brown cities to smart and sustainable ones: Proposed applicable strategies and indicators for Omid-e-Sabz township in Kabul city

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-72
Author(s):  
Abdullah Tajzai ◽  
Najib Rahman Sabory
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Smart City ◽  
World Wide ◽  
The South ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
South West ◽  
To Come

The two world-wide challenges, the population growth and the climate change, have forced everyone to think differently and seek new approaches to revive cities to be sustainable for centuries to come. Therefore, transforming the cities to the green and smart city are inevitable. The first step towards green and smart city is the recognition of applicable indicators for an existing city. In the next stage, introducing the most sustainable strategies to implement and realize the introduced indicators are of key importance. Omid-e-Sabz is a crowded city in the south-west of Kabul, hosts more than 27,000 inhabitants. Thus, a study through modifying this city to a sustainable and smart city is crucial for future urban development in Afghanistan. The indicators of green and smart city have been analyzed for Omid-e-Sabz Town in this paper. Moreover, some key guidance’s and plans for transforming an ordinary city to sustainable and smart city have been introduced and suggested. This paper is the first of its kind that discusses this important topic for Afghanistan. It will help the urban planning sector of Afghanistan to learn and continue this discourse to make sure the future cities in Afghanistan are smart and sustainable.

Geographical Analysis of Entertainment Services in the City of Daratu Using Geographical Information Systems (GIS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 618-644
Author(s):  
Hoshmand Jawhar Abbas ◽  
Sanger Ahmed Hussein ◽  
Fatimah Qader Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Recreational Facilities ◽  
Financial Gain ◽  
Recreational Services ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

 The impact of the recreational services that exist within the group of services that are practiced within the geographical framework of the city, is not limited to the lives of its residents and their activities, but also on the residents of the surrounding areas. Recreational services contribute to providing diversified investment opportunities for leisure time, so that they are appropriate and beneficial to the health, comfort and well-being of the population at the lowest possible cost, without the goal of their establishment being financial gain, as they lead to the creation of mental, psychological and physical balance on the level of one individual and on the basis of society in a way. In general, recreational services are an integral part of urban activities in most cities of the world. Rather, the concept of modernity and urbanization in contemporary urban centers is measured to some extent by the availability of recreational facilities for their inhabitants, and the study also showed the low level of efficiency of recreational services in terms of their spatial distribution and numbers. As it is concentrated in some neighborhoods of the city, while it is less or absent in other neighborhoods, as well as not taking into account the planning standards in its distribution and during its construction in line with the population increase, urban expansion and the residents' needs for these services. The success in providing these different types of recreational facilities depends on how they are distributed geographically. The balanced distribution of these activities determines the success of the adopted plans in achieving the required goals and policies.

A Comprehensive Survey on Current Literature, Standards, ‎Applications and Projects of Self-Organizing Aerial Ad Hoc Network ‎‎(AANET) in Smart Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qutaiba Ibrahim Ali ◽  
Mustafa Siham Qassab
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Self Organizing

Abstract : In the last few decades, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has been introduced which aims to bring more comfort to human life by integrating smartness into daily objects, yields to the idea of the smart city. Guaranteeing the well-being of residents and assessing industry and urban planning from an ecological and sustainable perspective are the main goals for the smart city. Great potentials are brought to the public and civil areas by the Aerial Ad Hoc Network (AANET) concept, especially in applications that are risky to human lives. AANET, like any emerging technology, comes with many challenges that have to be overcome to be employed efficiently. In this paper, we make a detailed survey on current literature, standards, and projects of self-organizing AANET in smart cities. Also, we intend to present a profound knowledge of this active research area by identifying features, design characteristics, architectures, routing protocols, and security aspects for the design and implementation of self-organizing AANET. Furthermore, we discuss existing solutions, indicate assessment metrics along with current applications, finally we highlight the main research scope for further developments. This article surveys the work done toward AANET-related outstanding issues, intending to encourage further research in this field.

Smartness, City Efficiency, and Entrepreneurship Milieu

2017 ◽  
pp. 173-198
Author(s):  
Luigi Mundula ◽  
Sabrina Auci
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Approach ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Adjustment Mechanism ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Virtuous Cycle ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Different Characteristics

The definition of smart city and its measurement are not shared. Different characteristics define a city as smart, which is strictly linked to urban efficiency and to entrepreneurship spirit in a multifaceted way as well as to citizens' well-being. On the basis of the comparison between city and entrepreneur behaviour and on the definition of Giffinger et al. (2007) of smart city, this chapter verifies the efficiency of a sample of European cities using a stochastic frontier approach. Departing from this analysis, the chapter develops the relative smartness definition based on the efficient use of its own resources and related to the different context. Moreover, as a city becomes close to the optimal value, the frontier will shift upward because of the more attractiveness and a new adjustment mechanism should be followed to become efficient again (virtuous cycle). Then, the concept of smartness becomes dynamic. This definition, taking into account city's performance, is able to sustain the entrepreneurship milieu of a city.

scholarly journals An Economic Analysis Algorithm for Urban Forestry Projects

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Nesticò ◽  
Maria Rosaria Guarini ◽  
Pierluigi Morano ◽  
Francesco Sica
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Urban Forestry ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
The Public ◽  
Support Tools

The second half of the 20th century was characterized by rapid growth of the urban population and lack of attention to environmental quality in the urbanizes territories. Thus, the development of many cities during that period took place through policies which, over time, resulted in a disaggregated landscape, both in morphological and functional terms. In some cases, these policies have caused the creation of land portions without a specific characterization, and the generation of urban voids that negatively affect the city’s development. To solve this problem, the public administration sectors of many countries are looking for new intervention strategies that are feasible from a social and economic point of view which are able to guarantee sustainable development. From this perspective, the execution of urban regeneration initiatives, including forestation, allows for the improvement of both environmental quality and citizens’ well-being, and promotes economic development. Considering the multiple effects that these initiatives can generate and the limited availability of public and private resources, it is appropriate to use multi-criteria decision support tools through which it is possible to evaluate the interventions’ complexity and best identify the city areas that lend themselves to be recovered and improved through the forestation. The aim of this work is to develop a support tool for public administrations aimed at identifying the optimal forestry projects’ location according to criteria that not only refer to financial type, but also their social, cultural, and environmental nature. Using Discrete Linear Programming algorithms, the model has been tested through a theoretical case study and reveals the advantages and limitations of the model, as well as future research prospects.

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