scholarly journals Variasi Morfologi dan Kemelimpahan Donax faba (Bivalvia: Donacidae) di Pantai Tengket Bangkalan Madura

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Dianah Filzan Alyani ◽  
Reni Ambarwati
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Type ◽  
Morphological Variations ◽  
Sandy Substrate ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Belt Transect ◽  
Type Water ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
Substrate Ph ◽  
Water Acidity

Donax clams are important in taxonomic studies because they have many variations. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the morphological variations and the abundance of Donax clams; to analyze the habitat profiles of Donax clams at Tengket Bangkalan Madura Beach. The sample of clams were taken by belt transect method. The habitat profile was studied based on the substrate type, water acidity, substrate acidity, salinity and the temperature of water. The data was analyzed descriptive-quantitatively. The results showed that in Beach Tengket Madura found Donax faba which had 15 types. The most abundant variety was creamy with brown spots on the ventral and purplish white with brown spots. The profile of the habitat of D. faba in Tengket Beach was medium sandy substrate with water pH 6.7 and substrate pH 7, salinity 32.6-32.8‰, and temperature 32ᵒC.

scholarly journals ZONATION AND DENSITY OF INTERTIDAL COMMUNITIES AT COASTAL AREA OF BATU HIJAU, SUMBAWA

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredinan Yulianda ◽  
Muhamad Salamuddin Yusuf ◽  
Windy Prayogo
Keyword(s):  
High Tide ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Fish Distribution ◽  
Rocky Reef ◽  
Percent Cover ◽  
Substrate Type ◽  
Intertidal Communities ◽  
Intertidal Community ◽  
Sandy Substrate ◽  
Cover Density

Characteristics of coastal tidal areas of Batu Hijau vary from sandy substrate type, sandy to rocky reef with a wide expanse of intertidal ranges from 100 meters to 350 meters. To find out zoning intertidal community,the observation conducted at five locations intertidal beach, each consisting of three zones: the high tide, middle tide and low tide. Living structure in tidal areas of coastal Batu Hijau, Sumbawa consists of the main communities and associated biota. The main intertidal community composed of coral, seagrass, algae, and other fauna, while the intertidal biota associated with tidal habitat consists of a group of molluscs, echinoderm, crustacean, worms and fish. Distribution of intertidal communities formed three zones consisting of (1) seagrass (21.3%) in the upper zone (high tide), (2) algae (35.5%) in the central zone (mid tide), and (3) coral (28.5%) and algae (42.5%) in the lower zone (low tide). The main groups of biota in the form of tidal zoning system consisting of two groups of molluscs (51.12%) in the upper zone, while the echinoderms that predominate in the central zone (36.96%) and lower (66.89%). No significant differences between the structure and composition of marine intertidal communities in September 2011 (rainy season) and April 2012 (dry season). Keywords: intertidal (tidal), percent cover, density, community, biota

scholarly journals MALE MATING SUCCESS AND FEMALE PREFERENCE FOR MULTIPLE TRAITS IN THE TWOLINE PUPFISH (CYPRINODON BIFASCIATUS)

Behaviour ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 138 (10) ◽  
pp. 1303-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray Itzkowitz ◽  
Anna Ludlow ◽  
David Baird
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Female Preference ◽  
Male Reproductive Success ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Male Mating Success ◽  
Substrate Type ◽  
Sandy Substrate ◽  
Cyprinodon Bifasciatus

AbstractSummary Using the twoline pupfish (Cyprinodon bifasciatus), a species with a resource-based polygynous breeding system, we examined male mating success in the wild, and we experimentally investigated effects of male body size and substrate type on female association patterns in the laboratory. Our purpose was to (a) identify the traits contributing to male reproductive success in the field, (b) measure preferences for each trait independently in the laboratory, and (c) determine the relative importance of each trait. Field observations revealed that substrate type was the main determinant of male reproductive success: males defending territories on rocks mated significantly more often than males defending territories on silt or sand. Laboratory experiments supported the field data, and revealed that the female preference for substrate type was independent of male body size effects. When given a choice between two males matched for size but differing in the type of substrates they were defending, females preferred the male on the rocky substrate over the male on the sandy substrate. Laboratory experiments also revealed a female preference for larger males when substrate type was held constant. Finally, when females were presented with a choice between a large male on a sandy substrate and a small male on a rocky substrate, no clear preference emerged. We provide several interpretations for this result, and we argue that both traits may be strong predictors of the male's competitive ability.

scholarly journals Ekologi dan Kelimpahan Ikan Sentani Gudgeon (Oxyeleotris heterodon, Weber 1908) dan Snakehead Gudgeon (Giuris margaritacea, Valenciennes 1837) di Danau Sentani, Papua

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
Henderite L. Ohee ◽  
Gerardinalia Ngamelubun ◽  
Joane J. Ansaka ◽  
Novela H. Korwa ◽  
Puguh Sujarta
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Fish Abundance ◽  
Lake Area ◽  
Substrate Type ◽  
Habitat Depth ◽  
Dense Water ◽  
Substrate Preferences ◽  
Type Water ◽  
Freshwater Community ◽  
Water Vegetation

Freshwater community in Lake Sentani comprise of 35 species including three endemic species, seven native species, eight anadromous fish and 17 introduced species. Two native species are Sentani Gudgeon (Oxyeleotris heterodon) and Snakehead Gudgeon (Giuris margaritacea). The survey aims to document the ecology and fish abundance of the gudgeons in Lake Sentani. Fish sampling was done passively by using gill nets with three different mesh sizes in five locations; Puai, Enandowai, Waena, Ayapo and Yahim. Substrate type, water vegetations, habitat depth and fish abundance were recorded each locations. Substrate preferences of the gudgeons are sand, mud and gravel, while O. heterodon was more abundance in sand mud substrate type. Moreover, water vegetation preference was different between O. heterodon and G. margaritacea. Sentani Gudgeon prefer habitat with dense water vegetations, while G. margaritaceus could be found in habitat with or without water vegetation. Theses two gudgeons were found in relatively the same habitat depth, up to 7 meters depth. O. heterodon and G. margaritacea had a very low abundance in the lake. It is important to conserve lake area from the edge  up to 7 meter depth that consist of sand, mud and gravel substrate types and dense water vegetation to ensure the population of these two gudgeons are abundance in Lake Sentani.   Key words: Ecology, Lake Sentani, relative abundance, O. heterodon, G. margaritacea.

scholarly journals ZONATION AND DENSITY OF INTERTIDAL COMMUNITIES AT COASTAL AREA OF BATU HIJAU, SUMBAWA

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredinan Yulianda ◽  
Muhamad Salamuddin Yusuf ◽  
Windy Prayogo
Keyword(s):  
High Tide ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Fish Distribution ◽  
Rocky Reef ◽  
Percent Cover ◽  
Substrate Type ◽  
Intertidal Communities ◽  
Intertidal Community ◽  
Sandy Substrate ◽  
Cover Density

<p>Characteristics of coastal tidal areas of Batu Hijau vary from sandy substrate type, sandy to rocky reef with a wide expanse of intertidal ranges from 100 meters to 350 meters. To find out zoning intertidal community,the observation conducted at five locations intertidal beach, each consisting of three zones: the high tide, middle tide and low tide. Living structure in tidal areas of coastal Batu Hijau, Sumbawa consists of the main communities and associated biota. The main intertidal community composed of coral, seagrass, algae, and other fauna, while the intertidal biota associated with tidal habitat consists of a group of molluscs, echinoderm, crustacean, worms and fish. Distribution of intertidal communities formed three zones consisting of (1) seagrass (21.3%) in the upper zone (high tide), (2) algae (35.5%) in the central zone (mid tide), and (3) coral (28.5%) and algae (42.5%) in the lower zone (low tide). The main groups of biota in the form of tidal zoning system consisting of two groups of molluscs (51.12%) in the upper zone, while the echinoderms that predominate in the central zone (36.96%) and lower (66.89%). No significant differences between the structure and composition of marine intertidal communities in September 2011 (rainy season) and April 2012 (dry season).</p> <p><br /> Keywords: intertidal (tidal), percent cover, density, community, biota</p>

Vegetation colonizing the bed of a recently drained thermokarst lake (Illisarvik), Northwest Territories

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2688-2692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Ovenden
Keyword(s):  
Wind Erosion ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Substrate Type ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Surface Wetness ◽  
Carex Aquatilis ◽  
Thermokarst Lake ◽  
Sandy Substrate ◽  
Arctic Coast ◽  
Northwestern North America

Illisarvik is the site of a thermokarst lake that was artificially drained in August 1978. The lake bed is now dry in most areas and wind erosion is extensive. The surface material is either sandy peat or organic lake mud, except along the eastern margin, where it is sandy. Substrate type appears to have had little influence on distributional patterns of the colonizing vegetation. More important factors are probably erosion, surface wetness, and proximity of the lake-bed margin. Common on the lake bed are Puccinellia borealis and Arctagrostis latifolia. Other widespread species include Senecio congestus, Carex aquatilis, Descurainia sophioides, Matricaria ambigua, Artemisia tilesii, Arctophila fulva, and Stellaria longipes. Senecio and Arctophila form dense stands around the two small residual ponds. Eroded surfaces have a very scant cover of Descurainia seedlings and Puccinellia tussocks. Many elements of Illisarvik's flora are common to other recently disturbed sites near the Arctic coast of northwestern North America.

Effects of Water Acidity on Swimbladder Function and Swimming in the Fathead Minnow, Pimephales promelas

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang A. Jansen ◽  
John H. Gee
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Fathead Minnow ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Pimephales Promelas ◽  
Fathead Minnows ◽  
Pectoral Fin ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Treated Fish ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Water Acidity

Swimbladder function, buoyancy-related behavior, and swimming performance were examined in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) following chronic (>4 d) exposure to acid-treated water (pH 5.3). When denied surface access in still water, treated fish, unlike controls (pH 7.7), failed to increase buoyancy and standard volume over "access to air" levels and had significantly higher proportions of swimbladder CO2 and O2. In current, treated fish reduced buoyancy over 48 h to a lesser extent than controls and were severely limited in their ability to increase internal pressure of swimbladder gases. pH significantly affected the maintenance of a minimum buoyancy over 32 d. Upon transfer from current to still water without access to air, the rate of buoyancy adjustment over 48 h was significantly slower in treated fish. With surface access, fish of both groups filled swimbladders within 6–12 h following removal from current; however, treated fish displayed significantly lower proportions of swimbladder CO2 and O2 at 12 and 24 h. Both groups of fish compensated hydrodynamically for insufficient static lift with higher frequencies of pectoral fin beats, treated fish having generally higher frequencies. Swimming performance was unaffected by water pH, but treated fish lost more weight than controls. We propose that impaired swimbladder function contributes to the elimination of fathead minnows from acidified environments.

scholarly journals Global modeling of cloud water acidity, precipitation acidity, and acid inputs to ecosystems

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 12223-12245
Author(s):  
Viral Shah ◽  
Daniel J. Jacob ◽  
Jonathan M. Moch ◽  
Xuan Wang ◽  
Shixian Zhai
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Wet Deposition ◽  
Cloud Water ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Precipitation Ph ◽  
Water Acidity ◽  
Global Mean ◽  
Precipitation Acidity

Abstract. Cloud water acidity affects the atmospheric chemistry of sulfate and organic aerosol formation, halogen radical cycling, and trace metal speciation. Precipitation acidity including post-depositional inputs adversely affects soil and freshwater ecosystems. Here, we use the GEOS-Chem model of atmospheric chemistry to simulate the global distributions of cloud water and precipitation acidity as well as the total acid inputs to ecosystems from wet deposition. The model accounts for strong acids (H2SO4, HNO3, and HCl), weak acids (HCOOH, CH3COOH, CO2, and SO2), and weak bases (NH3 as well as dust and sea salt aerosol alkalinity). We compile a global data set of cloud water pH measurements for comparison with the model. The global mean observed cloud water pH is 5.2±0.9, compared to 5.0±0.8 in the model, with a range from 3 to 8 depending on the region. The lowest values are over East Asia, and the highest values are over deserts. Cloud water pH over East Asia is low because of large acid inputs (H2SO4 and HNO3), despite NH3 and dust neutralizing 70 % of these inputs. Cloud water pH is typically 4–5 over the US and Europe. Carboxylic acids account for less than 25 % of cloud water H+ in the Northern Hemisphere on an annual basis but 25 %–50 % in the Southern Hemisphere and over 50 % in the southern tropical continents, where they push the cloud water pH below 4.5. Anthropogenic emissions of SO2 and NOx (precursors of H2SO4 and HNO3) are decreasing at northern midlatitudes, but the effect on cloud water pH is strongly buffered by NH4+ and carboxylic acids. The global mean precipitation pH is 5.5 in GEOS-Chem, which is higher than the cloud water pH because of dilution and below-cloud scavenging of NH3 and dust. GEOS-Chem successfully reproduces the annual mean precipitation pH observations in North America, Europe, and eastern Asia. Carboxylic acids, which are undetected in routine observations due to biodegradation, lower the annual mean precipitation pH in these areas by 0.2 units. The acid wet deposition flux to terrestrial ecosystems taking into account the acidifying potential of NO3- and NH4+ in N-saturated ecosystems exceeds 50 meqm-2a-1 in East Asia and the Americas, which would affect sensitive ecosystems. NH4+ is the dominant acidifying species in wet deposition, contributing 41 % of the global acid flux to continents under N-saturated conditions.

scholarly journals Substrate pH Affects Nutrient Availability in Fertilized Douglas Fir Bark Substrates

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 2171-2178 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Altland ◽  
M. Gabriela Buamscha ◽  
Donald A. Horneck
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Substrate Type ◽  
Manganese Zinc ◽  
Ammonium N ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Substrate Ph ◽  
Treatment Design ◽  
Substrate Types ◽  
Water Extractable

An experiment was conducted to determine how pH and nutrient availability in douglas fir bark (DFB) substrates respond to lime and sulfur (S) rates. The treatment design was a two-by-nine factorial arrangement with two substrate types and nine pH-altering amendments. The two substrates were 100% DFB or 75 DFB:15 sphagnum peatmoss:10 pumice (by volume). Substrate pH-altering amendments included elemental S amended at either 0.6 or 2.4 kg·m−3; calcium carbonate amended at 0.6, 1.5, and 5.9 kg·m−3; calcium hydroxide amended at 4.4, 8.9, or 23.7 kg·m−3; and a nonamended control. All substrates were amended by incorporating 0.9 kg·m−3 Micromax micronutrients before potting and topdressing 8 g/pot of 14N–4.2P–11.6K Osmocote controlled-release fertilizer after potting. A group of controls was also maintained for each substrate that received no fertilizer amendment (no S, lime, Micromax, or Osmocote). Four containers of each treatment were randomly selected and harvested 4 and 8 weeks after potting. Amendment with S decreased pH with increasing rate, whereas both lime types increased pH with increasing rate. The two substrates in general responded similarly to S and lime amendments, although there were some significant effects and interactions caused by substrate type. Ammonium-N and NO3-N both decreased exponentially with increasing substrate pH, whereas water-extractable phosphorus decreased linearly with increasing pH. Water-extractable potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sodium responded quadratically to increasing pH by initially decreasing and then increasing. The micronutrients boron and iron decreased with increasing pH, whereas DTPA extractions of manganese, zinc, and copper initially increased and then decreased over the range of observed pH.

scholarly journals Assessing Habitat Suitability for Native and Alien Freshwater Mussels in the River Waal (the Netherlands), Using Hydroacoustics and Species Sensitivity Distributions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Y. Flores ◽  
F. P. L. Collas ◽  
K. Mehler ◽  
M. M. Schoor ◽  
C. K. Feld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Substrate Type ◽  
Species Sensitivity ◽  
Mussel Species ◽  
Type Water ◽  
Species Sensitivity Distributions

AbstractLongitudinal training dams (LTDs) in the river Waal are novel river training structures that protect the littoral zone from the adverse effects of navigation providing new habitats for riverine macroinvertebrates. In order to inform river management and to better understand their ecological value for native and alien mussel species, it is important to assess the habitat suitability of the protected LTD shore channels. We applied spatial hydroacoustics surveys consisting of side-scan sonar (SSS) and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) of the substrate type, water depth and flow velocity in three shore channels in combination with species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) to predict habitat suitability for native and alien mussel species. SSDs allowed for the prediction of habitat suitability as a potentially occurring fraction (POF) of a species pool. High substrate type, water depth, and near-bottom flow velocity POFs were found for ≥ 70%, 100%, and 4–51% of the total shore channel area, respectively, suggesting that shore channels provide suitable habitat for both native and alien mussel species. To enhance the shore channels as habitat for native mussel species, we recommend increasing shallow areas dominated by fine (silt/clay) and sand substrate types with low near-bottom flow velocities (near 0 m/s). In contrast, the total area of hard substrate (e.g., boulders) in the shore channels should be reduced as it strongly favored invasive alien mussel species in our study. Future research should include additional abiotic parameters to enhance the habitat suitability predictions and compare the results for different riverine habitats.

Whole Body Ions of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) Alevins: Responses of Yolk-Sac and Swim-Up Stages to Water Acidity, Calcium, and Aluminum, and Recovery Effects

1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1604-1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Wood ◽  
D. G. McDonald ◽  
C. G. Ingersoll ◽  
D. R. Mount ◽  
O. E. Johannsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brook Trout ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Critical Stage ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Developmental Effects ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Water Acidity ◽  
Dominant Influence

Water pH, rather than Ca or Al, was the most important factor affecting whole body ions in yolk-sac or swim-up fry exposed to a matrix of pH (6.5–4.0), Ca (0.5–8 mg/L), and Al (0–1000 μg/L). Fry were raised from fertilization (day 0) in flowing soft water (pH = 6.5, Ca = 2 mg/L, Al = 0 μg/L), exposed to pH/Ca/Al on day 49 (yolk-sac, 2 d post-hatch) or day 70 (swim-up) for 21 d, and then allowed to recover a further 20 d. Yolk-sac fry were extremely resistant at [Formula: see text]; developmental effects, as indicated by body weight and Mg, were negligible. However whole body Na, Cl, K, and Ca were depressed by low pH, while water Ca was protective. Aluminum (37–111 μg/L) raised most ions above control values, while higher Al lowered them. Swim-up fry were more sensitive, showing pronounced developmental inhibition (lower weight, higher Mg) under adverse conditions; mortality continued during recovery. Low pH was again the dominant influence on body ions, water Ca was protective, while Al (12–111 μg/L) was only protective and not stimulatory. These effects persisted significantly; indeed responses in body Ca were larger after recovery than after the exposure itself, in the field, emergence from the redd into ambient acidic water is probably the critical stage. Water pH will be the principal determinant of whole body ions in alevins surviving this emergence, in contrast to fry exposed continuously from fertilization.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document