scholarly journals Dependable flow modeling in upper basin Citarum using multilayer perceptron backpropagation

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Ika Sari Damayanthi Sebayang ◽  
Muhammad Fahmia
Keyword(s):  
Multilayer Perceptron ◽  
Nonlinear Process ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Hydrological System ◽  
Backpropagation Method ◽  
Mathematical Equations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hydrology Modeling

To determine the amount of dependable flow, a hydrological approach is needed where changes in rainfall become runoff. This diversification is a very complex hydrological phenomenon. Where this is a nonlinear process, with time changing and distributed separately. To approach this phenomenon, an analysis of the hydrological system has been developed using a model which is a simplification of the actual natural variables. The model is formed by a set of mathematical equations that reflect the behavior of parameters in hydrology. Modeling in this case uses artificial neural networks, multilayer perceptron combined with the backpropagation method is used to study the rainfall-runoff relationship and verify the model statistically based on the mean square error (MSE), Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) and correlation coefficient value (R2). Of the three models formed, model 3 provides optimum results with correlation levels using NSE per month as follows, in Cikapundung Sub-Basin NSE = 0,990703, R2 = 0,995008, and MSE = 0,00014443, while in Citarik Sub-Basin NSE = 0.9500, R2 = 0.97592, and MSE = 0.0010804 . From these results it can be seen that ANN has a fairly good ability to replicate random discharge fluctuations in the form of artificial models that have almost the same fluctuations and can also be applied in rainfall runoff modelization even though the results of the test results are not very accurate because there are still irregularities

scholarly journals Ex vivo evaluation of a multilayered sealant patch for watertight dural closure: cranial and spinal models

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kinaci ◽  
S. van Thoor ◽  
S. Redegeld ◽  
M. Tooren ◽  
T. P. C. van Doormaal
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Resistance Test ◽  
Burst Pressure ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Dural Defect ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Dural Attachment ◽  
The Mean

AbstractCerebrospinal fluid leakage is a frequent complication after cranial and spinal surgery. To prevent this complication and seal the dura watertight, we developed Liqoseal, a dural sealant patch comprising a watertight polyesterurethane layer and an adhesive layer consisting of poly(DL-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) copolymer and multiarmed N-hydroxylsuccinimide functionalized polyethylene glycol. We compared acute burst pressure and resistance to physiological conditions for 72 h of Liqoseal, Adherus, Duraseal, Tachosil, and Tisseel using computer-assisted models and fresh porcine dura. The mean acute burst pressure of Liqoseal in the cranial model (145 ± 39 mmHg) was higher than that of Adherus (87 ± 47 mmHg), Duraseal (51 ± 42 mmHg) and Tachosil (71 ± 16 mmHg). Under physiological conditions, cranial model resistance test results showed that 2 of 3 Liqoseal sealants maintained dural attachment during 72 hours as opposed to 3 of 3 for Adherus and Duraseal and 0 of 3 for Tachosil. The mean burst pressure of Liqoseal in the spinal model (233 ± 81 mmHg) was higher than that of Tachosil (123 ± 63 mmHg) and Tisseel (23 ± 16 mmHg). Under physiological conditions, spinal model resistance test results showed that 2 of 3 Liqoseal sealants maintained dural attachment for 72 hours as opposed to 3 of 3 for Adherus and 0 of 3 for Duraseal and Tachosil. This novel study showed that Liqoseal is capable of achieving a strong watertight seal over a dural defect in ex vivo models.

scholarly journals Distances between mandibular posterior teeth and the WALA ridge in Peruvians with normal occlusion

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Y. Kong-Zárate ◽  
Marcos J. Carruitero ◽  
Will A. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Tooth Type ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Mandibular Posterior Teeth ◽  
Digital Caliper ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Objective: The purposes of this investigation were to determine the horizontal distances between the mandibular posterior teeth and the WALA ridge in a sample of Peruvians with normal occlusion and to compare them by tooth type, sex, arch side, and age groups. Methods: 65 dental casts of subjects with normal occlusion were collected. Posterior teeth, except for third molars, were evaluated. The horizontal distances between the occluso-gingival midpoints of the buccal surfaces (FA points) of each tooth and the WALA ridge were measured using a modified digital caliper. The values between each different tooth type within the sample were compared using the ANOVA and Scheffe tests, while comparisons by sex, arch side and age groups, using the Student’s t-test. Results: The mean distances in the sample was 0.96 mm for first premolars, 1.45 mm for second premolars, 2.12 mm for first molars and 2.55 mm for second molars. Statistically significant differences between each of the four tooth types were found. There were no significant differences found between sex, arch side and age groups. Conclusion: The horizontal distances between the mandibular posterior teeth and the WALA ridge increased progressively from the first premolars to the second molars in Peruvians with normal occlusion. The WALA ridge was a good landmark to evaluate the positions of posterior teeth in Peruvians with normal occlusion.

scholarly journals Handgrip strength and muscle fatigue among footwear industry workers

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidiane Angélica Cotelez ◽  
Maysa Venturoso Gongora Buckeridge Serra ◽  
Eliane Ramos ◽  
José Eduardo Zaia ◽  
Flávia Oliveira Toledo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Strength Testing ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Low Correlation ◽  
Footwear Industry ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Introduction: Muscle fatigue can be defined as a decrease in the performance of the neuromuscular system in generating force. This situation is considered a complex physiological process involving various body systems, in order to avoid irreversible damage or even cell death. Objective: The aim of this study was to measure muscle strength in order to assess the level of fatigue among footwear industry workers, and to determine a possible correlation between muscle strength and the perception of reported fatigue. Materials and Methods: The study included 32 male workers from the footwear industry with a mean age of 34.63 ± 11.98 years. The workers performed the handgrip strength test using a handheld dynamometer, and completed the Bipolar Fatigue Questionnaire. Results: The mean result of strength testing was 23.1 ± 8.3 kgf, and the mean score of the fatigue questionnaire was 2.28 ± 0.93 points. However, a low correlation was observed between the results of the fatigue questionnaire and the strength test results. Conclusion: The grip strength results of the footwear workers were below the values for the general Brazilian population, a fact that may indicate potential muscle fatigue. However, a low correlation with the perception of fatigue was indicated by the questionnaire.

Assessment of fundamental movement patterns and risk of injury in male soccer players

Physiotherapy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław Gadziński ◽  
Agata Masłoń ◽  
Dorota Czechowska ◽  
Joanna Golec ◽  
Elżbieta Szczygieł ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Functional Movement Screen ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Functional Movement ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fundamental Movement Patterns

AbstractIntroduction. The aim of the study was to assess the functional status of male soccer players in different age groups who played on different surfaces. Methods. The study included 45 soccer players aged 13-35 years. Among them, 15 were junior players, 15 were players of the senior Silesia-Opole 3rd league (SL), and 15 were senior players in the futsal Extra Class league (SF). The functional status and basic motor skills were assessed according to the results obtained in seven motor tasks included in the Functional Movement Screen™ (FMS) test. Results. The mean total scores in the FMS test were statistically significantly higher among both senior futsal and senior 3

scholarly journals A Novel Method for the Separation of Overlapping Pollen Species for Automated Detection and Classification

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Tello-Mijares ◽  
Francisco Flores
Keyword(s):  
Multilayer Perceptron ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Mean Shift ◽  
Automated Detection ◽  
Automated Identification ◽  
Fibonacci Series ◽  
Microscopic Images ◽  
Pollen Species ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
The Mean

The identification of pollen in an automated way will accelerate different tasks and applications of palynology to aid in, among others, climate change studies, medical allergies calendar, and forensic science. The aim of this paper is to develop a system that automatically captures a hundred microscopic images of pollen and classifies them into the 12 different species from Lagunera Region, Mexico. Many times, the pollen is overlapping on the microscopic images, which increases the difficulty for its automated identification and classification. This paper focuses on a method to segment the overlapping pollen. First, the proposed method segments the overlapping pollen. Second, the method separates the pollen based on the mean shift process (100% segmentation) and erosion by H-minima based on the Fibonacci series. Thus, pollen is characterized by its shape, color, and texture for training and evaluating the performance of three classification techniques: random tree forest, multilayer perceptron, and Bayes net. Using the newly developed system, we obtained segmentation results of 100% and classification on top of 96.2% and 96.1% in recall and precision using multilayer perceptron in twofold cross validation.

Procedural Revision to the Use-Dilution Methods: Establishment of Maximum Log Density Value for Test Microbes on Inoculated Carriers

2012 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 1059-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen F Tomasino ◽  
Rebecca M Pines ◽  
Gordon Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Count Data ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Product Label ◽  
Final Test ◽  
Label Claim ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Test Microbe ◽  
Test Cultures

Abstract The AOAC Use-Dilution Methods, 955.15 (Staphylococcus aureus) and 964.02 (Pseudomonas aeruginosa), were revised in 2009 to include a standardized procedure to measure the log density of the test microbe and to establish a minimum mean log density value of 6.0 (geometric mean of 1.0 × 106 CFU/carrier) to qualify the test results. This report proposes setting a maximum mean log density value of 7.0 (geometric mean of 1.0 × 107 CFU/carrier) to further standardize the procedure. The minimum value was based on carrier count data collected by four laboratories over an 8-year period (1999–2006). The data have been updated to include an additional 4 years' worth of data (2006–2010) collected by the same laboratories. A total of 512 tests were conducted on products bearing claims against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus with and without an organic soil load (OSL) added to the inoculum (as specified on the product label claim). Six carriers were assayed in each test, for a total of 3072 carriers. Mean log densities for each of the 512 tests were at least 6.0. With the exception of two tests, one for P. aeruginosa without OSL and one for S. aureus with OSL, the mean log densities did not exceed 7.5 (geometric mean of 3.2 × 107 CFU/carrier). Across microbes and OSL treatments, the mean log density (±SEM) was 6.80 (±0.07) per carrier (a geometric mean of 6.32 × 106 CFU/carrier) and acceptable repeatability (0.28) and reproducibility (0.31) SDs were exhibited. A maximum mean log density per carrier of 7.0 is being proposed here as a validity requirement for S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. A modification to the method to allow for dilution of the final test cultures to achieve carrier counts within 6.0–7.0 logs is also being proposed. Establishing a range of 6.0–7.0 logs will help improve the reliability of the method and should allow for more consistent results within and among laboratories.

scholarly journals Analysis of low flow indices under varying climatic conditions in Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzena Osuch ◽  
Renata Romanowicz ◽  
Wai K. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Climate Models ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Objective Functions ◽  
Rcp 8.5 ◽  
Rainfall Runoff Model ◽  
Runoff Model ◽  
Simulated Time

Abstract Changes in low flow indices under future climates are estimated for eight catchments in Poland. A simulation approach is used to derive daily flows under changing climatic conditions, following RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 emission scenarios. The HBV rainfall–runoff model is used to simulate low flows. The model is calibrated and validated using streamflow observations from periods 1971–2000 and 2001–2010. Two objective functions are used for calibration: Nash–Sutcliffe and log transformed Nash–Sutcliffe. Finally, the models are run using the bias-corrected precipitation and temperature data simulated by GCM/RCM models for the periods 2021–2050 and 2071–2100. We estimate low flow indices for the simulated time series, including annual minima of 7-day mean river flows and number, severity and duration of low flow events. We quantify the biases of low flow indices by N-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis and Tukey test. Results indicate a large effect of climate models, as well as objective functions, on the low flow indices obtained. A comparison of indices from the two future periods with the reference period 1971–2000 confirms the trends obtained in previous studies, in the form of a projected decrease in the frequency and intensity of low flow events.

scholarly journals Analysis of the use and adverse effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: A pilot study

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Peric ◽  
Marija Toskic-Radojicic
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Stomach Pain ◽  
Antiulcer Drugs ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Number Of Males

Background/Aim. The use and adverse effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in outpatients with rheumatic diseases has not yet been studied enough. The aim of this study was to evaluate the data about the efficacy and safety of NSAIDs obtained from the questionnaires submitted to the outpatients receiving these drugs. Methods. The patients who had been prescribed any of NSAIDs within the period from June to September, 2004 were included in the study. The answers obtained from the questionnaires were statistically analyzed by means of ?2-test. Results. At the time of the study, 150 patients had been prescribed ibuprofen or some other NSAID. Out of the total number of dispensed questionnaires (n = 150), only 45 (30%) were shown to be correctly filled-in. Their analysis showed that 64.4% of the patients had suffered from rheumatic diseases for more than five years, and had regularly used NSAIDs. The average age of these patients was about 70 years, and the number of females was double as high as that of the males. The most frequently used NSAIDs were diclofenac and ibuprofen (46.14%, and 23.24%, respectively). According to the answers given by the patients, the most often adverse reactions were gastric complaints such as nausea (11.1%), and stomach pain (8.9%). Due to this, the majority of the patients (64.4%) used some of the antiulcer drugs, most often ranitidine (31.1%). Conclusion. The results of this pilot study revealed that among the outpatients suffering from rheumatic diseases, the number of females was double as high as the number of males, that these patients were of the mean age of 70 years, and that their diseases lasted longer than five years. Gastric complains such as nausea and gastric pain of mild intensity were the most often adverse effects of NSAIDs reported by our patients. It could be the consequence of the predominant use of diclofenac and ibuprofen, NSAIDs with mild to moderate ulcerogenic potential, as well as the concomitant use of H2-receptor antagonists.

scholarly journals Estimation of Leaf Area of Jackfruit Through Non-destructive Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Vinicius de Souza Oliveira ◽  
Leonardo Raasch Hell ◽  
Karina Tiemi Hassuda dos Santos ◽  
Hugo Rebonato Pelegrini ◽  
Jéssica Sayuri Hassuda Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Mathematical Equations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Non Destructive

The objective of this study was to determine mathematical equations that estimate the leaf area of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) in an easy and non-destructive way based on linear dimensions. In this way, 300 leaves of different sizes and in good sanitary condition of adult plants were collected at the Federal Institute of Espírito Santo, Campus Itapina, located in Colatina, municipality north of the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Were measured The length (L) along the midrib and the maximum leaf width (W), observed leaf area (OLA), besides the product of the multiplication of length with width (LW), length with length (LL) and width with width (WW). The models of linear equations of first degree, quadratic and power and their respective R2 were adjusted using OLA as dependent variable in function of L, W and LW, LL and WW as independent variable. The data were validated and the estimated leaf area (ELA) was obtained. The means of ELA and OLA were compared by Student’s t test (5% probability) and were evaluated by the mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) criteria. The choice of the best model was based on non-significant comparative values of ELA and OLA, in addition to the closest values of zero of EAM and RQME. The jackfruit leaf area estimate can be determined quickly, accurately and non-destructively by the linear first-order model with LW as the independent variable by equation ELA = 1.07451 + 0.71181(LW).

scholarly journals THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROBLEM POSING WITH FERRIS WHEEL HYDROLYSIS TO IMPROVE SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Mar’atuzzakiya Ahsani ◽  
Annisa Utami ◽  
Resi Febriyanti ◽  
Eny Enawaty
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Problem Posing ◽  
Process Skills ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Science Process Skills ◽  
Normality Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ferris Wheel

This study aims to determine the students’ science process skills towards Salt Hydrolysis material in class XI IPA of SMA Katolik Talino Ambawang before and after being given the problem-posing learning model by using Ferris wheel hydrolysis and how much it improves the skills. It is a pre-experimental study with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sampling technique used is saturated sampling, of which the subjects are 12 students of XI IPA. The normality test used on the pretest and posttest results is the Shapiro-Wilk test, which results in a normal distribution, Asymp.Sig. (2-tailed) greater than 0,05 with a significance pretest of 0,197 and postest of 0,547. The t-test results of the pairing sample indicate that the Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) value is less than 0.05, which is 0,000 < 0.05. It was concluded that there is a difference between the students’ science process before and after the treatment. The mean scores of the students’ skills before and after the treatment are respectively 45,69% and 82,36%, with a high category. The value of 0,68 from the N-Gain calculation showed that the problem-posing learning model using Ferris wheel hydrolysis on Salt Hydrolysis material improved the students’ skills with the medium category. 

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