COMPARISON BETWEEN RECTAL AND BODY SURFACE TEMPERATURES OBTAINED BY DIGITAL AND NON-CONTACT INFRARED THERMOMETER IN SOME LARGE ANIMAL SPECIES

This study was carried out to compare the digital rectal (DR) thermometer with non-contact infrared thermometer (IRT) measurements at two locations on the face in some large animal species. Two hundred and forty (240) animals comprising of equal numbers of three species (cattle, camel and horses) of varying age and either sex was used. The IR temperature was taken from two sites [frontal (FIRT) and temporal (TIRT) region] on the animal face. The mean IR temperatures (FIRT and TIRT) were higher than the RT in all the animal species. The two thermometers correlate poorly in all the animal species. Bland-Altman analysis showed high biases and limits of agreement not acceptable for clinical purposes. In conclusion, IRT seems to offer a quick and easy way to determine the animal temperature but clinically it cannot be used interchangeably with DR thermometer at the moment for body temperature measurement in these animal species.

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VALIDITY OF THE RETROSPECTIVE APPLICATION OF OXFORD HIP AND KNEE SCORES

Journal of Musculoskeletal Research ◽

10.1142/s0218957715500037 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (01) ◽

pp. 1550003

Author(s):

Travis M. Falconer ◽

Julie Headford ◽

Stephen Edmondston ◽

Piers J. Yates

Keyword(s):

Positive Relationship ◽

Oxford Knee Score ◽

Knee Score ◽

Altman Analysis ◽

Limits Of Agreement ◽

Bland Altman Analysis ◽

Oxford Hip Score ◽

The Mean ◽

Mean Time

The Oxford Hip Score (OHS) and Oxford Knee Score (OKS) are validated, reliable and reproducible outcome measures, however their use retrospectively has not been examined. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to examine the accuracy and reliability of patients' ability to recall their OHS and OKS in a retrospective manner. A total of 137 patients undergoing primary hip (40) or primary knee (97) arthroplasty with a mean age of 70.8 years (range, 47–88) and a mean time to follow up of 27.2 months (range, 6–46) were included in the study. The mean retrospective OHS and OKS decreased compared to the pre-operative score (OHS = 1.6 ± SD, p = 0.36, OKS = 4.7 ± SD, p < 0.001). There was only a weak positive relationship between the actual pre-operative scores and the retrospective scores (OHS: r2 = 0.30, OKS: r2 = 0.19). Bland–Altman analysis demonstrated 95% limits of agreement between scores of -19.9 to 23.1 for the OHS and -15.3 to 24.8 for the OKS. This study shows that patients are poor at retrospectively recalling their pre-operative OHS and OKS and therefore these scores should not be used in a retrospective manner.

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Comparison between radial artery tonometry pulse analyzer and pulsed-Doppler echocardiography derived hemodynamic parameters in cardiac surgery patients: a pilot study

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.4132 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. e4132 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Rashad Zayat ◽

Andreas Goetzenich ◽

Ju-Yeon Lee ◽

HeeJung Kang ◽

So-Hyun Jansen-Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Radial Artery ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Hemodynamic Parameters ◽

Altman Analysis ◽

Limits Of Agreement ◽

Bland Altman Analysis ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

The Mean ◽

Lower Limits

BackgroundBedside non-invasive techniques, such as radial artery tonometry, to estimate hemodynamic parameters have gained increased relevance as an attractive alternative and efficient method to measure hemodynamics in outpatient departments. For our pilot study, we sought to compare cardiac output (CO), and stroke volume (SV) estimated from a radial artery tonometry blood pressure pulse analyzer (BPPA) (DMP-Life, DAEYOMEDI Co., Gyeonggi-do, South Korea) to pulsed-wave Doppler (PWD) echocardiography derived parameters.MethodsFrom January 2015 to December 2016, all patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass (CABG) surgery at our department were screened. Exclusion criteria were, inter alia, moderate to severe aortic- or Mitral valve disease and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) > stage II. One hundred and seven patients were included (mean age 66.1 ± 9.9, 15 females, mean BMI 27.2 ± 4.1 kg/m2). All patients had pre-operative transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). We measured the hemodynamic parameters with the BPPA from the radial artery, randomly before or after TTE. For the comparison between the measurement methods we used the Bland-Altman test and Pearson correlation.ResultsMean TTE-CO was 5.1 ± 0.96 L/min, and the mean BPPA-CO was 5.2 ± 0.85 L/min. The Bland-Altman analysis for CO revealed a bias of −0.13 L/min and SD of 0.90 L/min with upper and lower limits of agreement of −1.91 and +1.64 L/min. The correlation of CO measurements between DMP-life and TTE was poor (r = 0.501,p < 0.0001). The mean TTE-SV was 71.3 ± 16.2 mL and the mean BPPA-SV was 73.8 ± 19.2 mL. SV measurements correlated very well between the two methods (r = 0.900,p < 0.0001). The Bland-Altman analysis for SV revealed a bias of −2.54 mL and SD of ±8.42 mL and upper and lower limits of agreement of −19.05 and +13.96 mL, respectively.ConclusionOur study shows for the first time that the DMP-life tonometry device measures SV and CO with reasonable accuracy and precision of agreement compared with TTE in preoperative cardiothoracic surgery patients. Tonometry BPPA are relatively quick and simple measuring devices, which facilitate the collection of cardiac and hemodynamic information. Further studies with a larger number of patients and with repeated measurements are in progress to test the reliability and repeatability of DMP-Life system.

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The Accuracy and Reproducibility of Linear Measurements Made on CBCT-derived Digital Models

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1844 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 294-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mohammad Y Hajeer ◽

Ahmad L Maroua ◽

Mowaffak Ajaj

Keyword(s):

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Intraobserver Reliability ◽

Altman Analysis ◽

Digital Models ◽

Linear Measurements ◽

Bland Altman Analysis ◽

Accuracy Of Measurements ◽

The Mean ◽

Plaster Models

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of linear measurements made on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-derived digital models. Materials and methods A total of 25 patients (44% female, 18.7 ± 4 years) who had CBCT images for diagnostic purposes were included. Plaster models were obtained and digital models were extracted from CBCT scans. Seven linear measurements from predetermined landmarks were measured and analyzed on plaster models and the corresponding digital models. The measurements included arch length and width at different sites. Paired t test and Bland–Altman analysis were used to evaluate the accuracy of measurements on digital models compared to the plaster models. Also, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to evaluate the reproducibility of the measurements in order to assess the intraobserver reliability. Results The statistical analysis showed significant differences on 5 out of 14 variables, and the mean differences ranged from −0.48 to 0.51 mm. The Bland–Altman analysis revealed that the mean difference between variables was (0.14 ± 0.56) and (0.05 ± 0.96) mm and limits of agreement between the two methods ranged from −1.2 to 0.96 and from −1.8 to 1.9 mm in the maxilla and the mandible, respectively. The intraobserver reliability values were determined for all 14 variables of two types of models separately. The mean ICC value for the plaster models was 0.984 (0.924–0.999), while it was 0.946 for the CBCT models (range from 0.850 to 0.985). Conclusion Linear measurements obtained from the CBCTderived models appeared to have a high level of accuracy and reproducibility. How to cite this article Maroua AL, Ajaj M, Hajeer MY. The Accuracy and Reproducibility of Linear Measurements Made on CBCT-derived Digital Models. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(4):294-299.

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Comparison of two methods for measurement of equine adrenocorticotropin

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation ◽

10.1177/1040638717752216 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 233-237 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Heidi E. Banse ◽

Nichol Schultz ◽

Molly McCue ◽

Ray Geor ◽

Dianne McFarlane

Keyword(s):

Pars Intermedia ◽

Plasma Samples ◽

Altman Analysis ◽

Poor Agreement ◽

Limits Of Agreement ◽

Cutoff Value ◽

Bland Altman Analysis ◽

Acth Concentration

Accurate measurement of equine adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) is important for the diagnosis of equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID). Several radioimmunoassays (RIAs) and chemiluminescent immunoassays (CIAs) are used for measurement of ACTH concentration in horses; whether these methods yield similar results across a range of concentrations is not determined. We evaluated agreement between a commercial RIA and CIA. Archived plasma samples ( n = 633) were measured with both assays. Correlation between the 2 methods was moderate ( r = 0.49, p < 0.001). Bland–Altman analysis revealed poor agreement, with a proportional bias and widening limits of agreement with increasing values. Poor agreement between assays was also observed when evaluating plasma samples with concentrations at or below the recommended diagnostic cutoff value for PPID testing. The lack of agreement suggests that measurements obtained should not be considered interchangeable between methods.

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Better Performance of Flow-FISH in Comparison to qPCR As a Diagnostic Test for Telomere Diseases

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v124.21.1605.1605 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 124 (21) ◽

pp. 1605-1605

Author(s):

Fernanda Gutierrez-Rodrigues ◽

Bárbara A Santana-Lemos ◽

Priscila Santos Scheucher ◽

Raquel M Alves-Paiva ◽

Rodrigo T. Calado

Keyword(s):

Telomere Length ◽

Diagnostic Test ◽

Quantitative Pcr ◽

Measurement Techniques ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Altman Analysis ◽

Poor Agreement ◽

Limits Of Agreement ◽

Gold Standard Method ◽

Bland Altman Analysis

Abstract Excessive telomere erosion is the molecular etiology of a group of disorders (dyskeratosis congenita, aplastic anemia, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) collectively called telomeropathies. Telomere length measurement is an essential diagnostic test for these diseases. The most commonly used methods are terminal restriction fragment (TRF) analysis by Southern blotting (the gold-standard method), flow cytometry combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization (flow-FISH), and quantitative PCR (qPCR). Although the clinical use of these methods has been reported, their utility and characteristics have not been widely compared. Measurement techniques and coefficients of variations often differ among diagnostic services. Here, we directly compared the accuracy, reproducibility, sensitivity, and specificity of flow-FISH and qPCR in comparison to TRF to measure peripheral blood leukocyte’s telomere length in healthy individuals and patients with telomeropathies. TRF analyses and flow-FISH showed good correlation in the analysis of samples from healthy subjects (R2=0.60; p<0.0001) and patients (R2=0.51; p<0.0001). Bland-Altman analyses also displayed a very good agreement between these methods for both healthy individuals (bias±SD = 0.17±1.03; limits of agreement ranging from 2.24 to -1.88) and patients (bias±SD = 0.0±1.21; limits of agreement ranging from 2.41 to -2.41). In contrast, the comparison between TRF and qPCR yielded modest correlation for the analysis of samples of healthy individuals (R2=0.35; p<0.0001) and low correlation for patients (R2=0.20; p=0.001). Bland-Altman analysis indicated poor agreement between the two methods for both patients and controls. The differences averages were very different from zero and standard deviation was wide. For patients, the bias±SD was 0.78±1.34 with limits of agreement ranging from 3.47 to -1.90, and for controls, the bias±SD was 1.15±1.49 with limits of agreement ranging from 4.14 to -1.84. Finally, qPCR and flow-FISH also modestly correlated in the analysis of healthy individual samples (R2=0.33; p<0.0001) and did not correlate in the comparison of patients’ samples (R2=0.1, p=0.08). Bland-Altman analysis corroborate this finding. For controls, the bias±SD were very similar to the one found by comparison between qPCR and TRF analysis (-0.6±1.27; limits of agreement ranging from 1.94 to -3.16). For patients, bias ± SD were -1.15 ± 1.65 with limits of agreement ranging from 2.15 to -4.45, which evidenced a poor agreement between flow-FISH and qPCR in these samples. Intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was 10.8±7.1% for flow-FISH and 9.5±7.4% for qPCR (p=0.35). The inter-assay CV was lower for flow-FISH (9.6±7.6%) in comparison to qPCR (16±19.5%; p=0.02). Flow-FISH and qPCR were sensitive (both 100%) and specific (93% and 89%, respectively) to distinguish very short telomeres. However, qPCR sensitivity (40%) and specificity (63%) to detect telomere length below tenth percentile were lower in comparison to flow-FISH (80% sensitivity and 85% specificity). Taken together, these findings indicate that, in the clinical setting, flow-FISH is more accurate and reproducible in the measurement of human leukocyte’s telomere length in comparison to qPCR. Quantitative PCR exhibited low accuracy in the analysis of samples of patients with short telomeres. In conclusion, flow-FISH appears to be a more appropriate method for diagnostic purposes. Studies that compare methodologies are helpful in the selection of standard methods and to narrow the differences among laboratories. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Comparing School-Aged Refraction Measurements Using the 2WIN-S Portable Refractor in Relation to Cycloplegic Retinoscopy: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2021/6612476 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Ziming Liu ◽

Emmanuel Eric Pazo ◽

Hong Ye ◽

Cui Yu ◽

Ling Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gold Standard ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mean Value ◽

Spherical Equivalent ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Altman Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Bland Altman Analysis ◽

The Mean

Purpose. To assess the repeatability and agreement of refractive measurements using 2WIN-S photoscreening with the gold-standard cycloplegic retinoscope refraction. Design. Single centre, cross-sectional study. Methods. Spherical, cylindrical, axis, and spherical equivalent of 194 bilateral eyes of 97 children were assessed using a retinoscope and 2WIN-S. One week later, another operator repeated the 2WIN-S measurements. The primary outcome measures were to assess the repeatability and agreement between spherical equivalent, J0, and J45 readings of 2WIN-S. The repeatability of measurements was assessed by the within-subject standard deviation (2.77 Sw) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The agreement between devices was assessed using 95% limits of agreement. The extent of the agreement between cycloplegic retinoscopy and noncycloplegic 2WIN-S measurements was assessed using Bland–Altman analysis. Results. The mean age ± SD was 10.3 ± 2.46 year (range, 4–14 years). The sphere, cylinder, and spherical equivalent measurements were found to be consistent with both apparatus (r value >0.86). ICC for SE, J0, and J45 was 0.900, 0.666, and 0.639, respectively; Sw for SE, J0, and J45 was 0.61D, 0.30D, and 0.31D, respectively; Bland–Altman analysis of retinoscopy with cycloplegia and 2WIN-S for SE was 184/194 (95%) in 95% confidence interval, and the mean value was 0.46. J0 was 184/194 (95%), and the mean value is −0.04. J45 was 181/194 (93%), and the mean value is −0.15. Conclusion. The objective refractive measurement of 2WIN-S had good reliability and high agreement with the gold-standard retinoscopy refraction in children and adolescents. While consistency was observed, it is essential to take into consideration that it is a screening tool.

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Inter-Operator Reliability of an Onsite Machine Learning-Based Prototype to Estimate Ct Angiography-Derived Fractional Flow Reserve

10.21203/rs.3.rs-741234/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yushui Han ◽

Ahmed Ibrahim Ahmed ◽

Chris Schwemmer ◽

Myra Cocker ◽

Talal S Alnabelsi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Sensitivity Analysis ◽

Ct Angiography ◽

Coronary Ct Angiography ◽

Altman Analysis ◽

Fractional Flow ◽

Limits Of Agreement ◽

Bland Altman Analysis ◽

Coronary Ct ◽

Flow Reserve

Abstract Background: Advances in computed tomography (CT) and machine learning have enabled on-site non-invasive assessment of fractional flow reserve (FFRCT). Purpose: To assess the inter-operator variability of Coronary CT Angiography–derived FFRCT using a machine learning based post-processing prototype.Materials and Methods: We included 60 symptomatic patients who underwent coronary CT angiography. FFRCT was calculated by 2 independent operators after training using a machine learning based on-site prototype. FFRCT was measured 1 cm distal to the coronary plaque or in the middle of the segments if no coronary lesions were present. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis were used to evaluate inter-operator variability effect in FFRCT estimates. Sensitivity analysis was done by cardiac risk factors, degree of stenosis and image quality. Results: A total of 535 coronary segments in 60 patients were assessed. The overall ICC was 0.986 per patient (95% CI: 0.977 - 0.992) and 0.972 per segment (95% CI: 0.967 - 0.977). The absolute mean difference in FFRCT estimates was 0.012 per patient (95% CI for limits of agreement: -0.035 - 0.039) and 0.02 per segment (95% CI for limits of agreement: -0.077 - 0.080). Tight limits of agreement were seen on Bland-Altman analysis. Distal segments had greater variability compared to proximal/mid segments (absolute mean difference 0.011 vs 0.025, p<0.001). Results were similar on sensitivity analysis. Conclusion: A high degree of inter-operator reproducibility can be achieved by onsite machine learning based FFRCT assessment. Future research is required to evaluate the physiological relevance and prognostic value of FFRCT.

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The possibility of using effluent ionized calcium to assess regional citrate anticoagulation in continuous renal replacement therapy

The International Journal of Artificial Organs ◽

10.1177/0391398819894595 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 379-384

Author(s):

Qi Zhang ◽

Feng Zhuang ◽

Qichen Fan ◽

Wenyan Yu ◽

Feng Ding

Keyword(s):

Renal Replacement Therapy ◽

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy ◽

Replacement Therapy ◽

Ionized Calcium ◽

Regional Citrate Anticoagulation ◽

Altman Analysis ◽

Bland Altman Analysis ◽

Citrate Anticoagulation ◽

The Mean ◽

Post Filter

Aim: This study aimed to investigate whether effluent ionized calcium was an appropriate indicator to assess anticoagulant effect in continuous renal replacement therapy with regional citrate anticoagulation instead of post-filter ionized calcium. Methods: In total, 48 paired samples of effluent fluid and post-filter blood were obtained from critically ill patients who required continuous renal replacement therapy. All samples were taken for ionized calcium measurements and were assessed by point-of-care analyzer. Correlations and agreements between two methods were performed by Pearson linear analysis and Bland–Altman analysis accordingly. Results: The mean post-filter ionized calcium was 0.42 ± 0.12 mmol/L, and mean ionized calcium level of effluent fluid was 0.39 ± 0.11 mmol/L. The ionized calcium level of effluent fluid was significantly correlated with post-filter ionized calcium in all continuous renal replacement therapy patients. Bland–Altman analysis showed that the mean difference of ionized calcium between two sampling sites in all continuous renal replacement therapy patients was −0.02 mmol/L with 95% confidence interval ranging from −0.09 to 0.04 mmol/L. The significant correlations and agreements were also demonstrated in continuous veno-venous hemofiltration, continuous veno-venous hemodialysis, and continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration modalities separately. Conclusion: The effluent ionized calcium could be a considerable substitute for post-filter ionized calcium to monitor the validity of regional citrate anticoagulation in continuous renal replacement therapy with less blood loss.

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‘My Meal Mate’ (MMM): validation of the diet measures captured on a smartphone application to facilitate weight loss

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114512001353 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 109 (3) ◽

pp. 539-546 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Author(s):

Michelle C. Carter ◽

V. J. Burley ◽

C. Nykjaer ◽

J. E. Cade

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Dietary Assessment ◽

Smartphone Application ◽

Assessment Process ◽

Nutritional Epidemiology ◽

Altman Analysis ◽

Limits Of Agreement ◽

Bland Altman Analysis ◽

Individual Level

Accurate dietary assessment is an essential foundation of research in nutritional epidemiology. Due to the weaknesses in current methodology, attention is turning to strategies that automate the dietary assessment process to improve accuracy and reduce the costs and burden to participants and researchers. ‘My Meal Mate’ (MMM) is a smartphone application designed to support weight loss. The present study aimed to validate the diet measures recorded on MMM against a reference measure of 24 h dietary recalls. A sample of fifty volunteers recorded their food and drink intake on MMM for 7 d. During this period, they were contacted twice at random to conduct 24 h telephone recalls. Daily totals for energy (kJ) and macronutrients recorded on MMM were compared against the corresponding day of recall using t tests for group means and Pearson's correlations. Bland–Altman analysis was used to assess the agreement between the methods. Energy (kJ) recorded on MMM correlated well with the recalls (day 1: r 0·77 (95 % CI 0·62, 0·86), day 2: r 0·85 (95 % CI 0·74, 0·91)) and had a small mean difference (day 1 (MMM − recall): − 68 kJ/d (95 % CI − 553, 418 kJ) ( − 16 kcal/d, 95 % CI − 127, 100 kcal); day 2 (MMM − recall): − 441 kJ/d (95 % CI − 854, − 29 kJ) ( − 105 kcal/d, 95 % CI − 204, − 7 kcal)). Bland–Altman analysis showed wide limits of agreement between the methods: − 3378 to 3243 kJ/d ( − 807 to 775 kcal/d) on day 1. At the individual level, the limits of agreement between MMM and the 24 h recall were wide; however, at the group level, MMM appears to have potential as a dietary assessment tool.

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Multicenter comparison of the Cobas 6800 system with the RealStar RT-PCR kit for the detection of SARS-CoV-2

10.1101/2020.06.29.179184 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Marc Wirden ◽

Linda Feghoul ◽

Mélanie Bertine ◽

Marie-Laure Nere ◽

Quentin Le Hingrat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Regression Line ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Altman Analysis ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Bland Altman Analysis ◽

Deming Regression ◽

The Mean ◽

Pcr Assays

ABSTRACTBackgroundRT-PCR testing is crucial in the diagnostic of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The use of reliable and comparable PCR assays is a cornerstone to allow use of different PCR assays depending on the local equipment. In this work, we provide a comparison of the Cobas® (Roche) and the RealStar® assay (Altona).MethodsAssessment of the two assays was performed prospectively in three reference Parisians hospitals, using 170 clinical samples. They were tested with the Cobas® assay, selected to obtain a distribution of cycle threshold (Ct) as large as possible, and tested with the RealStar assay with three largely available extraction platforms: QIAsymphony (Qiagen), MagNAPure (Roche) and NucliSENS-easyMag (BioMérieux).ResultsOverall, the agreement (positive for at least one gene) was 76%. This rate differed considerably depending on the Cobas Ct values for gene E: below 35 (n = 91), the concordance was 99%. Regarding the positive Ct values, linear regression analysis showed a determination correlation (R2) of 0.88 and the Deming regression line revealed a strong correlation with a slope of 1.023 and an intercept of -3.9. Bland-Altman analysis showed that the mean difference (Cobas® minus RealStar®) was + 3.3 Ct, with a SD of + 2.3 Ct.ConclusionsIn this comparison, both RealStar® and Cobas® assays provided comparable qualitative results and a high correlation when both tests were positive. Discrepancies exist after 35 Ct and varied depending on the extraction system used for the RealStar® assay, probably due to a low viral load close to the detection limit of both assays.

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