scholarly journals The Effect of Nandralone Decanoate on Athletes Fertility

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 254-259
Author(s):  
Isam Mohammed Jaber Zabiba ◽  
Amer J. Hadi ◽  
Aqeel khaleel Ibraheem
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anabolic Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nandrolone Decanoate ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Athletic Ability ◽  
Liquorice Extract ◽  
Medical Plant ◽  
Androgenic Steroids

Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS)”, (Nandrolone Decanoate) the treatments most widely abused commonly for improving athletic ability, appearance or muscle mass, athletes, coaches, and physicians should be aware of their harmful side effects .liquorice extract consider important medical plant due to  rich in antioxidants, flavonoids, phenolic and alkaloids that Supports the general  health of the body. In this study we compare between two groups of young athletes from Al-Qassam city, each group contains from six athletes, the first group they taken Nandrolone Decanoate with dose 50 mg, I.M.  for three-time weakly and persistence in a period  at least two months, the second group the without any treatment are using as a control group. The result showing that athletes who taken Nandrolone at least two months there have low elevation in liver enzyme but there are no significant differences in GPT ,GOT, ALP, as well as decreased the levels of mean “serum FSH, LH, and testosterone.

scholarly journals «YOLO – you only live once»:

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-214
Author(s):  
Berit Johnsen ◽  
Vidar Skogvoll ◽  
Tom Normann
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anabolic Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThis article presents a study of Norwegian prisoners’ experiences with anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) and other drugs. An intervention »Ren trening« was conducted by Antidoping Norge2 in the fall of 2019. Fieldwork was carried out at two drug treatment units with a total of 25 prisoners, 11 of which were interviewed. A bottom-up approach to the analyses of the data resulted in rich narratives that give a unique insight into prisoner experiences with AAS. Further analyses showed extensive use of AAS in combination with other narcotics, especially amphetamine. According to a typology developed by Christiansen et al. (2017), the uncritical use of AAS, without any consideration for its potentially serious side effects, can be understood as »YOLO – You Only Live Once«. Ambivalence surrounding the use of AAS, even if respect for clean exercise without the use of AAS is high, can be linked to pleasant experiences with these drugs. The body remembers these experiences and prisoners recall them with nostalgic undertones. The seriousness of the problems associated with the use of AAS, including criminal activity, indicates the importance of addressing these issues in prison.

Doping and effects of anabolic androgenic steroids on the heart: histological, ultrastructural, and echocardiographic assessment in strength athletes

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 273-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
NA Hassan ◽  
MF Salem ◽  
Mael Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Anabolic Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Experimental Group

Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are used by some athletes to enhance performance despite the health risk they may pose in some persons. This work was carried out to evaluate the possible structural and functional alterations in the heart using two-dimensional, M-mode, tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and strain rate imaging (SRI) in athletes using supraphysiological doses of AAS. Additionally, the histological and ultrastructural changes in cardiac muscles of adult albino rats after injection of sustanon, as an example of AAS, were studied. Fifteen male bodybuilders using anabolic steroids constituted group 1, five male bodybuilders who are not using anabolic steroids constituted group 2, and five nonathletic males constituted negative control group (group 3). They were investigated by two-dimensional, M-mode, TDI and SRI. This study was performed on 30 adult albino rats. They were divided into two groups. Group I (Control group) (10) was subdivided into negative control, subgroup 1a (5), and subgroup 1b (5), which received 0.8 ml olive oil intramuscular once a week for 8 weeks. Group II (Experimental group) (20) received sustanon 10 mg/kg intramuscularly once a week for 8 weeks. The heart specimens were prepared for light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Echocardiographic results showed that bodybuilders who use steroids have smaller left ventricular dimension with thicker walls, impaired diastolic function, as well as higher peak systolic strain rate in steroid-using bodybuilders as compared to the other two groups. Light microscopy examination of cardiac muscle fibers showed focal areas of degeneration with loss of striations and vacuolation in the experimental group. Ultrastructural examination showed disturbance of the banding pattern of the cardiac muscle fiber with disintegration, loss of striations, dehiscent intercalated disc, and interrupted Z-bands. Administration of supraphysiological doses of AAS caused severe deleterious effects in the myocardium both in athletes and in experimental animals. The SRI shows promise in the early detection of systolic dysfunction in those athletes who use steroids.

scholarly journals Interaction of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids and Induced Tooth Movement in Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-510
Author(s):  
Lilian Mary Karakida ◽  
Cristiano Miranda de Araujo ◽  
Aline Cristina Batista Rodrigues Johann ◽  
Elisa Souza Camargo ◽  
Orlando Motohiro Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Anabolic Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Orthodontic Devices

Abstract This study evaluated the interaction between tooth movement and two anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS), Deposteron® and Nebido®. One hundred Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: control (C) n=30, Nebido experimental (N) n=35 and Deposteron experimental (D) n=35. The control group was subdivided into 6 subgroups: 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 14. The experimental groups were subdivided into 7 subgroups: 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 14, which corresponded to the day of animal’s euthanasia after applying orthodontic force. Orthodontic devices were used to induce tooth movement using 50 cN of reciprocal force between the maxillary right first molar and the maxillary incisors. After euthanasia, the tissues were processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Osteoclasts, Howship’s lacunae and blood vessels were quantified. Groups N and D showed acceleration in the reorganization of the periodontal ligament compared to group C. The peak of the histological events occurred in group C on day 5 and in groups N and D on day 3 after installation of the orthodontic device. There was a statistically significant difference in the number of osteoclasts (p<0.05) between groups N3 and C3, and between groups N3 and D3. Supra-physiological doses of the AAS Nebido® and Deposteron® altered the number of osteoclasts, Howship’s lacunae and blood vessels, accelerating the reorganization of the periodontal ligament, resulting in accelerated biological effects from the induced tooth movement in rats.

scholarly journals The use of anabolic androgenic steroids: A focus on polypharmacy

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 413-417
Author(s):  
Bozana Nikolic ◽  
Dusica Rakic
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anabolic Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Synthetic Analogue ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Nonmedical Use ◽  
Androgenic Steroids

Introduction. Anabolic androgenic steroids, such as testosterone and its synthetic analogue, nandrolone, have clear clinical indications. However, their abuse is practiced to enhance physical performance in professional, recreational and non-professional athletes; outside of sports, their nonmedical use is associated with different social groups (criminal activities, substance abuse). Polypharmacy. Testosterone and its synthetic analogues are also used for nonmedical purposes, mainly administered in supraphysiological doses in cycles lasting a few weeks. In order to potentiate the anabolic properties and control the adverse effects, the users also administer other pharmacological agents. Thus, growth hormone and insulin are complement to anabolic steroids; clenbuterol, amphetamine and thyroid hormones stimulate body fat loss; diuretics reduce the body weight and improve muscle definition; and erythropoietin increases the training capacity and accelerates the recovery after hard competitions. To control adverse effects, cardiovascular drugs, central nervous system depressants, central nervous system stimulants, human chorionic gonadotropin, sexual enhancement drugs, estrogen antagonists, analgesics/opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and others, are administered. Probenecid, finasteride and diuretics mask the administration of other doping agents. Additionally, during the last two decades, attention has increasingly been focused on the relationship between the use of anabolic androgenic steroids and psychoactive substances (alcohol, cannabis, amphetamines, cocaine, hallucinogens). Conclusion. Supraphysiological doses and polypharmacy additionally increase the risk of adverse effects, including withdrawal syndrome; therefore, prevention of nonmedical use of anabolic androgenic steroids should be a public health priority.

scholarly journals NANDROLONE DECANOATE IS PROOXIDANT IN THE MYOCARDIUM OF EXERCISED OR SEDENTARY RATS

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julyara Lima Pinheiro ◽  
Bernardo Porto Maia ◽  
Anderson Bentes de Lima ◽  
Robson José de Souza Domingues ◽  
Fabíola Raquel Tenório Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Anabolic Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Nandrolone Decanoate ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Androgenic Steroids

ABSTRACT Introduction: Nandrolone decanoate is a synthetic testosterone analogue considered one of the most widely used anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) among adolescents and athletes. Chronic ingestion of AAS increases the incidence of cardiovascular abnormalities in athletes, but the mechanism that causes these changes remains unknown. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to verify the possible effects of the use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) on the morphology and oxidative metabolism of the heart in exercised and sedentary rats. Methods: This is a comparative prospective level II study. Twenty-four Wistar rats were distributed in groups that performed voluntary (TG) and sedentary (SG) running exercises, and used AAS: the Anabolic Training Group (ATG), and the Anabolic Sedentary Group (ASG). During the three months of the running protocol, the animals received an intramuscular injection of 5 mg/kg b.p. of AAS. After the training period, the rats were euthanized and the hearts were removed for evaluation of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant capacity, and for morphometric analysis. Results: The anabolic groups, ASG (0.3072 ± 0.0531) and ATG (0.2732 ± 0.0413), presented higher lipid peroxidation when compared to the non-anabolic groups SG (0.1705 ± 0.0224) and TG (0.1785 ± 0.0340). Conclusion: There was no change in total antioxidant capacity or in the thickness of the interventricular septum and left ventricular wall. Thus, the use of anabolic androgenic steroids did not cause morphological changes in the myocardium. However it did alter the oxidative metabolism. It was also verified that aerobic exercise had no protective effect against lipid peroxidation in the myocardium caused by the use of AAS. Level of evidence II; Prospective comparative study.

scholarly journals Differences in Nervous Autonomic Control in Response to a Single Session of Exercise in Bodybuilders Using Anabolic Androgenic Steroids

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Jefferson Fernando Coelho Rodrigues Júnior ◽  
Alexandre Sérgio Silva ◽  
Glêbia Alexa Cardoso ◽  
Valmir Oliveira Silvino ◽  
Acácio Salvador Veras-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Autonomic Nerve ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Anabolic Androgenic Steroids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Frequency Spectra ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Androgenic Steroids

Abstract Considering the role of autonomic nerve activity in blood pressure control, this study aimed to investigate the cardiac autonomic nerve responses after an aerobic exercise session in Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) users. Twenty men (AAS, n = 9; control group, n = 11) performed an aerobic exercise session (60 min, 70 to 80% of HRmax). Heart rate variability (HRV) was assessed before and during a 60-min post-exercise recovery period. RMSSD (root mean square successive difference of the RR intervals) and the LF/HF ratio (low frequency/high frequency spectra) were also evaluated. The Student's t-test for independent samples was used to compare differences between initial group characteristics. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare pre- and post-exercise HRV recovery (p < 0.05). AAS had a lower SDNN (standard deviation of the intervals) (40.8 ± 16.8 vs. 71.6 ± 24.7 ms; p = 0.04, d = 1.4) and a higher LF/HF (3.4 ± 2.1 vs. 1.8 ± 0.9%; p = 0.03, d = 0.9) before exercise. AAS and controls had similar RMSSD (14.0 ± 15.8 vs. 18.9 ± 12.1 ms; p = 0.20) and a LF/HF (2.8 ± 1.6 vs. 2.4 ± 1.2 ms; p = 0.41) immediately post-exercise. The between-groups comparison revealed a higher HF/LF at 30 min (4.3 ± 1.4 vs. 2.5 ± 1.3%; p = 0.008, d = 1.3) and 60 min (5.0 ± 2.2 vs. 2.3 ± 0.8%; p = 0.001, d = 1.6) for the AAS group in the recovery time. This study demonstrated impaired parasympathetic activity at rest and immediately after the exercise session as an adverse effect of AAS usage, but similar behavior regarding the restoration of sympathetic activity.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Paranasal Air Suction on Acute Migraine Using Portable Air Sucker – A Randomized, Double Blind Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SMR bandara ◽  
S samita ◽  
AM kiridana ◽  
HMMTB herath
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Primary Headache ◽  
Headache Disorder ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Primary Headache Disorder ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background Migraine is a primary headache disorder and is the most common disabling primary headache disorder that occurs in children and adolescents. A recent study showed that paranasal air suction can provide relief to migraine headache. However, in order to get the maximum benefit out of it, an easy to use effective air sucker should be available. Aiming to fulfil the above requirement, a randomized, double blind control clinical trial was conducted to investigate the efficacy of a recently developed low–pressure portable air sucker.Methods Eighty-six Sri Lankan school children of age 16–19 years with migraine were used for the study. They were randomly allocated into two groups, and one group was subjected to six intermittent ten-second paranasal air suctions using the portable air sucker for 120 seconds. The other group was subjected to placebo air suction (no paranasal air suction). The effect of suction was the key concern but effect of side of headache, type of headache, and gender were also studied with respect to number of response variables. The key response studied was severity of headache. In addition, left and right supraorbital tenderness, photophobia, phonophobia, numbness over the face and scalp, nausea and generalized tiredness/weakness of the body were studied. The measurements on all those variables were made before and after suction, and the statistical analysis was performed based on before and after differences. As a follow–up, patients were monitored for 24-hour period.Results There was a significant reduction in the severity of headache and other migraine symptoms in the treatment group compared to the control group two minutes after the suction. These symptoms did not recur within 24-hour period and there were no significant side effects recorded during the 24-hour observation period.Conclusion This pilot study showed that low–pressure portable air sucker is effective in paranasal air suction, and suction for 120 seconds using the sucker can provide an immediate relief which can last for more than 24-hour period without any side effects.Trail registration Clinical Trial Government Identification Number – 1548/2016.

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