scholarly journals Mapping of forest fire hazard depending on weather conditions using geoinformation technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-332
Author(s):  
A. A. Dvornik ◽  
A. M. Dvornik ◽  
R. S. Kurilenko ◽  
A. V. Bardyukova ◽  
V. N. Sehlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Fire Danger ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Fire Event ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Forest Fire Hazard ◽  
Suppression Strategy

An important component of forest firefighting strategies is related to the accurate prediction of fire risks. This article describes the development process of special decision support system (ForestFire GIS) - for the analysis of climatic conditions and definition of fire risks in Belarus including radioactively contaminated territory. The application consists of two basic modules: fire danger rating module and module of radionuclides transfer during the fire event. Fire danger rating module uses data on daily temperature, dew point and 24-hour rainfall to calculate weather based fire hazard index (FHI). The program provides recommendations for firefighting officials about efficient wildfires suppression strategy. GIS core (based on the MapWinGIS) performs all basic operations with map layers (scaling, moving, geocoding etc.), load and save changes. The ForestFire GIS was tested for the beginning of fire seasons in Gomel region in Belarus.

scholarly journals FORECASTING OF FIRE DANGER BY WEATHER CONDITIONS IN FORESTS OF THE GREEN BELT OF KHARKIV CITY

2018 ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
Ye. Ye. Melnyk
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Current System ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Fire Danger ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Green Belt ◽  
The Difference

The tendency of the fire emergence in the forests of Kharkiv city green belt was studied in the case of the forests located in Zhovtneve Forest Enterprise for the period of 2005–2017. The numbers of fire occurrences have been analysed and compared with the current system of assessing the fire hazard class in Ukraine. By the weather conditions the effectiveness of the system was assessed for the studying territory. The features of the emergence of fires in different months of the fire hazard period were investigated and the difference in numbers of forest fire occurrences was determined in separate seasons and decades of months. The number of fire incidents on an average per day has been analyzed for different classes of fire danger in the spring, summer and autumn seasons. According to the proportion of emerging fires and by the method developed by P. Kurbatskiy, modifications were made to the scale of assessment of fire hazard by weather conditions taking into account the season of the year.

scholarly journals Heavy Rainfall Prediction using Gini Index in Decision Tree

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 4558-4562
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Decision Tree ◽  
Gini Index ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Rainfall Prediction ◽  
Data Mining Algorithms ◽  
The Right

In existing systems, it happens that sometimes the data is not accurate and proper data mining techniques not being used and this increases the complexity.We as humans are bound to make mistakes while predicting weather conditions which might result in damage to both life and property. To avoid this, we use data mining algorithms for early warning of climatic conditions such as like maximum temperature, minimum temperature wind speed, rainfall, humidity, pressure, dew point, cloud, sunshine and wind direction from data to predict rainfall. But by using proper algorithms for datasets and using the right metrics, we can achieve the accurate results in prediction of rainfall. Hence, we apply the Decision tree algorithm using Gini Index in order to predict the precipitation with accuracy and it is completely based on the historical data.

Integrating new methods and tools in fire danger rating

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Vasilakos ◽  
Kostas Kalabokidis ◽  
John Hatzopoulos ◽  
George Kallos ◽  
Yiannis Matsinos
Keyword(s):  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Fire Danger ◽  
Burned Area ◽  
Fire Weather Index ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Fire Ignition

Prevention is one of the most important stages in wildfire and other natural hazard management regimes. Fire danger rating systems have been adopted by many developed countries dealing with wildfire prevention and pre-suppression planning, so that civil protection agencies are able to define areas with high probabilities of fire ignition and resort to necessary actions. This present paper presents a fire ignition risk scheme, developed in the study area of Lesvos Island, Greece, that can be an integral component of a quantitative Fire Danger Rating System. The proposed methodology estimates the geo-spatial fire risk regardless of fire causes or expected burned area, and it has the ability of forecasting based on meteorological data. The main output of the proposed scheme is the Fire Ignition Index, which is based on three other indices: Fire Weather Index, Fire Hazard Index, and Fire Risk Index. These indices are not just a relative probability for fire occurrence, but a rather quantitative assessment of fire danger in a systematic way. Remote sensing data from the high-resolution QuickBird and the Landsat ETM satellite sensors were utilised in order to provide part of the input parameters to the scheme, while Remote Automatic Weather Stations and the SKIRON/Eta weather forecasting system provided real-time and forecasted meteorological data, respectively. Geographic Information Systems were used for management and spatial analyses of the input parameters. The relationship between wildfire occurrence and the input parameters was investigated by neural networks whose training was based on historical data.

scholarly journals Dew point temperature as overwetting indicator of enclosing structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 07002
Author(s):  
Valery Kupriyanov
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
External Temperature ◽  
Conservation Of Energy ◽  
Point Temperature ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Dew Point Temperature ◽  
Definition Of

Overwetting of enclosing structures is a negative factor of their operation. Due to the fact that it reduces thermal protection, it causes the corrosion processes and leads to enclosing structures materials destruction on account of alternating freezing and thawing. Present investigations on the analysis of condensation of moisture vapor and moist condition of enclosing structures does not allow for definition of overwetting rate of enclosures in the preset climate. These questions are also not regulated in the current normative documents. Enclosing structures developed as a result of conservation of energy have unpredictable accumulation of condensation and overwetting rate under service conditions. The article examines a new concept «dew point temperature» that is a characteristic of construction solution of enclosing structures and used materials. The dew point temperature is numerically equal to external temperature at which we can observe condensation in-plane of maximum overwetting of enclosing structures for the first time. It was demonstrated that every construction solution of enclosure has its own dew point temperature, according to which the amount of condensation in identical climatic conditions will be formed. The result of investigation is the assumption about the introduction of a new characteristic called «dew point temperature of enclosing structure» into the scientific discourse and into the check-list of mandatory thermotechnical values of enclosing structures. The dew point temperature describes the capacity of construction solution of enclosure for overwetting in the preset climatic conditions.

Estimating spatiotemporal dynamics of forest fire hazard using Analytical Hierarchy Process and geostatistical methods in Similipal Biosphere Reserve, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnab Laha ◽  
Shobhit Singh ◽  
Utsav Mishra ◽  
Manudeo Singh
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fire ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Vegetation Density ◽  
Geostatistical Methods ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Forest Fire Hazard ◽  
Hierarchy Process

<p>Anthropogenic factors and climate change induced severe forest fires that are reoccurring globally. Because of the large spatial scale, frequent occurrence, and danger involved with the forest fires, remote sensing-based approaches are best suited to study this phenomenon. However, there are few studies addressing the temporal effects of the various factors associated with the  forest fire. In this work, by using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), a multi-criteria decision support system and geostatistical methods namely Getis-Ord Gi* statstic and Mann Kendall trend test, we have developed a framework to understand the temporal dynamics of forest fire hazard and associated factors by demarcating the hotspots of forest fire using freely available datasets . The proposed framework has been applied on the Similipal Biosphere Reserve (SBR), Odisha, India. With an area of 5569 km<sup>2</sup>, the SBR is the sixth largest biosphere reserve in India, comprising of a national park, bird sancturary, tiger reserve, and elephant corridor. Due to its biodiversity and importance in terms of rich and endemic species of flora and fauna, SBR was brought into the umbrella of world network of biosphere reserve under the Man and Biosphere (MAB) programme of UNESCO in the year 2008. Although being a biosphere of international importance, the SBR annually experiences nearly 12 km<sup>2</sup> of fire damage.Through this work, the most significant clusters of forest fire hotspots have been demarcated. We have used factors related to topographical, climatic, and physical characteristics of forest to generate forest fire hazard index at annual scale for 28 years (1988 – 2018) using AHP method. The geostatistical methods were applied on the generated annual fire hazard index data to demarcate the zones of emerging hotspots of forest fire. The results indicate that temporally, the trend of forest fire hazard in buffer zone of the area (Similipal Sanctuary) is decreasing, whereas in core area (Similipal National Park), it is increasing and corelates with the temporal trend of vegetation density in the whole area. However, vegetation density and land surface temperature in the core area does not changes significantly with time. The emerging hotspot analysis shows that most of the region (32% of the total area) is exhibiting an oscillating behaviour with respect to the fire hazard over the studied time-period of 28 years, with more than 50% of the years showing increasing trends of fire hazard. A total of 186 km<sup>2 </sup>of the region is persistently a hotspot of fire hazard in studied time-period. Overall, 11% of the study area is either under persistent fire hazard or showing increasing trend of fire hazard. However, in the central part of the SNP, the fire hazard is decreasing with time. The same region also observes intense rain, and this could be a factor for the observed decrement in the fire hazard. The results can be used for mitigating the fire hazard of the SBR, alsothe proposed framework can be applied globally to any region with dense vegetation for fire hazard spatiotemporal assessments.</p>

Climate: Mean State, Variability, and Change

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cor Schuurmans
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
North Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The North ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Mean State

This chapter gives a description of the main characteristics of present-day climate. In describing the mean state and its variability, attention is also given to the underlying causes. For comparison, there is a short summary of early European climate, from the last glacial maximum, through the Holocene and up to the Little Ice Age (the period AD 1400–1850). The chapter finishes with a comprehensive section on climate change, with emphasis on the anthropogenic causes of recent changes. The climate of western Europe has a maritime character. The weather mainly originates from the North Atlantic Ocean and its neighbouring seas. Further inland, in what is usually called central Europe, climate changes to a more continental type, but certain maritime features are still present. It is therefore called an altered maritime climate. Only in the most southern part, southern France for instance, is the Atlantic character lost and several new features are present. These features are characteristic of a Mediterranean climate. Climates may be called cold or warm, dry or wet, gloomy or sunny, depending on the prevailing temperatures, amount and frequency of precipitation, and the number of hours of bright sunshine. Such terms, however, are not objective unless certain, generally accepted, reference values are used. In the past different sets of reference values were proposed, each of them defining a system of climatic types. A well-known classification system was the one developed by Köppen (1936). The Köppen system distinguished eleven main climate types, based on well-defined temperature and precipitation characteristics. These were mainly referring to the response of vegetation, natural as well as cultivated, to climatic conditions. The eleven Köppen climates are indicated by the letters A–E, with some subdivision, using other letters. In the Köppen classification the whole of western Europe has a Cf climate, which means a moist, temperate climate, without a specific dry season. Cf climates occupy 22% of the globe (oceans included). A second method to describe climate is by using the well-known definition of climate as being the average weather conditions in a certain area, over a given period of time. In practice, however, there is no direct information about weather conditions.

PERSONALIZED APPROACH TO THE ORGANIZATION OF MEDICAL CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH WEATHER DEPENDENCE

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Klepikov O.V. ◽  
Kolyagina N.M. ◽  
Berezhnova T.A. ◽  
Kulintsova Ya.V.
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Pathological Effect ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Personalized Approach

Relevance. Today, in preventive medicine, climatic conditions that have a pathological effect on the functional state of a person are increasingly being updated. the occurrence of exacerbations of many diseases can be causally associated with various weather conditions. Aim: to develop the main tasks for improving the organization of medical care for weather-dependent patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system. Material and methods. The assessment of personnel, material and technical support and the main performance indicators of an outpatient clinic was carried out on the example of the Voronezh city polyclinic No. 18 to develop the main tasks for improving the organization of medical care for weather-dependent patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system. Results. The main personnel problem is the low staffing of district therapists and specialists of a narrow service. One of the priorities for reducing the burden on medical hospitals is the organization of inpatient replacement medical care on the basis of outpatient clinics. The indicators for the implementation of state guarantees for the outpatient network for 2018, which were fully implemented, are given. The analysis of the planned load performance by polyclinic specialists is presented. Cardiological and neurological services carry out measures to reduce the risk of exacerbations of diseases with cerebral atherosclerosis, hypertension, and major neurological nosologies. Conclusion. Improving the organization of medical care for weather-dependent patients with cardiovascular diseases are: informing patients about the sources of specialized medical weather forecasts in the region, organizing the work of the medical prevention office, implementing an interdepartmental approach to providing health care to the most vulnerable groups of the population.

Influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-steppe

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (94) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
R.O. Myalkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
The Right

Goal. The purpose of the research was to determine the influence of meteorological factors on potato yield in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Methods.Field, analytical and statistical. Results.It was established that among the mid-range varieties Divo stands out with a yield of 42.3 t/ha, Malin white – 39.8 t/ha, and Legend – 37.1 t/ ha. The most favourable weather and climatic conditions for the production of potato tubers were for the Divo 2011 variety with a yield of 45.9 t/ha and 2013 – 45.1 t/ha. For the Legenda variety 2016, the yield of potato tubers is 40.6 t/ha and 2017 – 43.2 t/ha. Malin White 2013 is 41.4 t/ha and 2017 42.1 t/ha. The average varieties of potatoes showed a slightly lower yield on average over the years of research. However, among the varieties is allocated Nadiyna – 40.3 t/ha, Slovyanka – 37.2 t/ ha and Vera 33.8 t/ha. Among the years, the most high-yielding for the Vera variety was 2016 with a yield of 36.6 t/ha and 2017 year – 37.8 t/ha. Varieties Slovyanka and Nadiyna 2011 and 2012 with yields of 42.6 and 44.3 t/ha and 46.5 and 45.3 t/ha, respectively. Characterizing the yield of potato tubers of medium-late varieties over the years of research, there was a decrease in this indicator compared with medium-early and middle-aged varieties. However, the high yield of the varieties of Dar is allocated – 40.0 t/ha, Alladin – 33.6 t/ha and Oxamit 31.3 t/ha. Among the years, the most favourable ones were: for Oxamit and Alladin – 2011 – 33.5 and 36.5 t/ha, and 2017 – 34.1 and 36.4 t/ha, respectively. Favourable years for harvesting varieties were 2011 and 2012 with yields of 45.7 and 45.8 t/ha. Thus, the highest yield of potato tubers on average over the years of studies of medium-early varieties of 41.2-43.3 t / ha were provided by weather conditions of 2011 and 2017 years, medium-ripe varieties 41.0-41.1 - 2012 and 2011, medium- late 37,6-38,5 t / ha - 2012 and 2011, respectively.

HELIOTHERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 483-487
Author(s):  
Snezhina Georgieva ◽  
Dilyana Zvezdova
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Social Comfort ◽  
Pigment Type ◽  
Definition Of

Psoriatic arthritis is an inflammatory joint disease associated with psoriasis vulgaris, with routinely negative rheumatoid factors and the absence of rheumatoid nodules. This is an immune-mediated disease, according to generally accepted definition of Wright and Moll from 1973. American Association against Rheumatism classified psoriatic arthritis as an independent disease in 1964. Psoriatic arthritis is a single disease with a varied clinical picture. It belongs to the group of seronegative spondyloarthropathies with which there are general clinical features. It is believed that similar mechanisms determine the onset of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. The clinical picture includes various clinical forms that damage the peripheral and sacroiliac joints, spine, internal organs. The treatment of psoriatic arthritis is directed simultaneously to the influence of skin and joint changes. Purpose: Our study aims to summarize our long-standing experience in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis with heliotherapy. Subject of observation: Monitoring includes 132 patients with moderate and severe form of psoriasis treated at the sanatorium in town of Pomorie for 5 years in the period 2001-2006. Results and discussion: 132 patients with psoriasis with no effect on the local therapy and have proven psoriatic arthritis were selected. In our climatic conditions, heliotherapy is appointed during the warm half-year. Sun treatment was conducted under the conditions of a healing beach, which had shielding, radiation-protective devices. In patients with erythema - pigment and pigment type skin reactivity begins with 1-2 bioadoses reached to 8-10 biodoses, carried out in the area of overcomfort. Conclusion: The studies demonstrated that heliotherapy combined with medications significantly improves the prognosis of patients with this disease. The ultimate success would mean overcoming the frequent depression conditions, better survival and social comfort for patients with psoriatic arthritis.

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