scholarly journals Seleksi Hasil Persilangan antara ‘Queen’ dan ‘Smooth Cayenne’ untuk Perbaikan Hasil dan Mutu Buah Nenas

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arif Nasution ◽  
Roedhy Poerwanto ◽  
, Sobir ◽  
Memen Surahman ◽  
, Trikoesoemaningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Core Diameter ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Fruit Diameter

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p><br />Hybridization program was started in PKBT IPB Bogor in 2003, entangles of 12 parental cultivars, consisting of five type Smooth Cayenne cultivars and seven type Queen cultivars. The cross yielded 195 genotypes with various different character combinations. The result of cluster analysis based on morphological characters showed that there were 33 groups of hybrid at the degree of genetic similarity of 50%. The result of principal component analysis indicated that, between yield component characters and result most importantly, were fruit weight, fruit diameter and fruit length which were main supporting character of variance in hybrid result of the crosses. Descriptive results of fruit yield and <br />quality characters showed three to five classes with the highest number of individuals around the mean value for each character. Fruit weight, crown weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, flesh thickness, core diameter, total soluble solid (TSS), total acid, vitamin C, pH, plant height, and peduncle length, were characters controlled by nuclear genes.</p><p><br />Key words : hybridization, variability, Smooth Cayenne, Queen, genotype</p>

scholarly journals Genetic Divergence among Inbred Lines of Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch Ex Poir)

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
B. Ahmed ◽  
M. A. T. Masud ◽  
M. Zakaria ◽  
M. M. Hossain ◽  
M. A. K. Mian
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Female Flower ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Cluster Distance

Genetic divergence among nineteen inbred lines of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch Ex Poir) was estimated through principal component analysis and Mohalanobis’s D2 analysis. Inbred lines were grouped into five clusters. Cluster I, II, III, IV and V were composed of five, three, four, six and one inbred lines respectively. Maximum inter cluster distance was observed between the cluster III and V (72.69) followed by the cluster I and V (63.33). Minimum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster II and IV (10.64). The mean value of cluster III indicated the importance of days to first male and female flower open, node order to 1st female flower open and TSS.  Cluster IV showed the importance of days to first female flower open, fruit diameter, cavity diameter, flesh thickness and average fruit weight. Similarly, cluster V indicated the importance of yield per plant, fruits per plant and fruit length. Days to first male and female flower open, fruit length and cavity length had the highest contribution towards divergence among the inbred lines. Considering the magnitude of cluster distance, cluster means for different characters and contribution of characters towards divergence, the inbred lines from clusters I, III and IV could be selected as parent for hybridization program.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of some apple cultivars in the south of Syria based on morphological characters

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Al-Halabi ◽  
B. Muzher
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fruit Shape ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Leaf Margin ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Fruit Diameter

This work was aimed to evaluate genetic diversity among five local and six introduced apple cultivars in the germplasm which located in the South of Syria based on 29 morphological characters of leaf and fruit. The analysis of variance showed significant differences at P < 0.05 for all measured parameters, however the mean values of Limb length and width, fruit weight, length, and width indicated to a wide range of diversity between local and introduced cultivars, that the introduced cultivars have mostly the highest mean value while the local cultivars have the lowest mean values, that clearly found in the local apple cultivar Ksairi (K) which revealed the lowest mean value of fruit weight (FW), fruit length (FL) and fruit diameter (FD) in the comparison with all studied cultivars. Likewise, principal component analysis (PCA) was used and the first 4 principal components accounted for 76.4% of the total variance, with eigen values 29.2%, 18.8%, 16.9% and 11.5% respectively. The main important characters in PC1 are correlated with the high mean value of width of stalk cavity (WP), fruit weight (FW), fruit diameter (FD), fruit length (FL), core length (CL), width of calyx cavity (WC), core width (CW), depth of stalk cavity (DP), stalk diameter (SD), seed width (SeW) and leaf margin (LM). PC2 discriminated among cultivars depending on Fruit shape (FS), leaf shape (LS), over color (OC), maturity time (MT), core shape (CS), limp length (LL) and leaf base (LB) which were able to differentiate between all studied cultivars . PC3 is correlated with the high mean value of Stalk length (SL), titratable acidity (TA), total sugar (TS), and total soluble solids (TSS). PC4 is correlated with the high mean value of depth of calyx cavity (DC), leaf apices (LA) and fruit cross section (FCS). Cluster analysis was also used that divided the studied cultivars into two clusters, the first cluster included all local apple cultivars, in addition to Leaz Golden (LG) cultivar, however AbouGhabra (AG) and Ksairi (K) cultivars revealed the highest similarity, which have the same fruit shape(FS), background color (BC), core shape (CS), fruit cross section (FCS), leaf shape (Ls) and leaf margin (LM). While the second cluster included all the other introduced cultivars.International Journal of Environment Vol.4(4) 2015: 86-99

scholarly journals Genetic variability in bulgarian melon collection - flowering types and fruit quantitative traits

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 545-558
Author(s):  
Zhana Ivanova ◽  
Nikolay Velkov
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Sex Expression ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Fruit Diameter

Cucumis melo L. is characterized with a great polymorphism according to many agronomical features. Study the variability of melon flowering and fruit traits is an initial step in the breeding program. The current study aimed to identify the genetic variability in the melon collection according to flowering and fruit traits in order to be used in breeding programs. It was evaluated fifty melon genotypes belong to different groups - cantalupensis, reticulatus, makuwa, inodorus, and agrestis. The studied collection consists of Bulgarian old cultivars, hybrids, landraces, PI, and introduced lines. Investigated genotypes were characterized by nine quantitative fruit traits - days to flowering, sex expression, days to ripening, fruit length, fruit diameter, flesh thickness, fruit weight, seed cavity diameter, and total soluble solids. It was established great variability in studied characteristics measured by a coefficient of variation from 7.73 to 39.85%. Significant correlations between fruit length, fruit diameter, flesh thickness, cavity diameter, and fruit weight were established. Principal component analysis grouped variables into three components which explain 69.89% of the total variation. Cluster analysis divided genotypes into six groups of similarities. Among the genotypes examined, they have a relatively high level of variability and their polymorphism could be used in a breeding program aimed at combining valuable characters.

scholarly journals Characteristics of coffee as a response to different environmental conditions in Lampung: I. Morphological variations

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-118
Author(s):  
Erwin Prastowo ◽  
Rina Arimarsetiowati
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Qualitative Variable ◽  
Robusta Coffee

The coffee growth is considered to depend, partly, on the environmental condition at which they develop to accomplish their both vegetative and generative stages. An exploratory survey aimed at investigating the morphological characteristics of 13 Robusta coffee accessions growing on different environmental conditions, i.e. altitudes, slopes, and micro-climates, in Lampung.  Local superior coffee clones were selected from 8 farms to evaluate in terms of their yield components and growth characters. Three key issues are considered to observe quantitatively, i.e. plant components of leaves, branches, and fruits. The qualitative characteristics of leaves and cherries, i.e. colour and shape, were also assessed to support the comparative data analysis. The results show a similarity of ca. 60% of total qualitative variable identified among different accessions. The remaining characters are suggested to be more varying such as flush colour, leaf surface, ripe fruit colour, and stipule shape. Furthermore, a quantitative analysis shows a higher level of similarity for fruit characters, i.e. fruit length, fruit width, and fruit thickness, and to a slightly lower level for leaf characteristics, i.e. leaf length and width, and the number of productive branches. Conversely, part of yield component, such as weight of fruits, may be affected by altitude as some accessions, e.g. number 1 and 8, demonstrating a pronounced character in the principal component analysis. The same analysis reveals that some variables, i.e. fruit weight; leaf and seed; and canopy characteristics, explaining the morphological variation of coffee throughout the accessions. Furthermore, cluster analysis may indicate a possible similarity of coffee morphologies either from area with different or the same environmental conditions. Therefore, it can be concluded that environmental condition variation in Lampung may affect to a lesser extent the morphological characters of Robusta coffee.

scholarly journals Early selection in a population of the mangaba (Hancornia speciosa Gomes)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Clideana Cabral Maia ◽  
Lúcio Borges De Araújo ◽  
Carlos Tadeu Dos Santos Dias ◽  
Luís Cláudio De Oliveira ◽  
Lucio Flavo Lopes Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Early Selection ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Percentage Weight ◽  
Hancornia Speciosa ◽  
Fruit Diameter ◽  
Selection Of

The mangaba is a fruit tree with great potential for the northeast of Brazil. Due to the scarcity of improved cultivars, and as it is a species that is still in the process of domestication, exploitation has been based on rational and sustainable extractivism by farmer-gatherers. The aim of this study was to analyse the correlations between technological variables of the mangaba, and to carry out an early selection of the genotypes that make up the base population of the mangaba improvement program of Embrapa Meio-Norte. The variables fruit weight, pulp weight and percentage pulp show significant correlation with fruit length and fruit diameter, allowing indirect selection for the first set of variables by means of the latter, which are easily measured. Genotypes 4, 13, 16, 21, 25, 32, 35 and 49 show a positive association with fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, pulp weight and percentage weight, and are therefore candidates for selection. Principal component 1 is associated with fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, skin weight, number of seeds per fruit, seed weight, TTA and pulp weight. These variables can be selected with greater mathematical certainty, since this component concentrates more information regarding variability and is therefore more important.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical characteristics of pomegranate accessions from the Kurdistan region, Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-366
Author(s):  
Saadatian Mohammad ◽  
Paiza Abdurahman ◽  
Kanar Salim ◽  
Pershang Younis ◽  
Hewen Abdurahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Fruit Diameter

Some physico-chemical properties of ten pomegranate accessions collected from different districts in the Kurdistan region of Iraq were investigated in this paper. Considerable correlations between the characteristics studied were found and valuable pomological traits were observed. Cluster analysis showed the homonyms between some pomegranate accessions. Principle component analysis reported that the component describing the greatest variability also positively correlated with fruit weight, total aril weight, total peel weight, volume of juice, total soluble solids (TSS), fruit length, fruit diameter, pH, aril length, and 100-seed fresh weight, but negatively correlated with titratable acidity (TA). Fruit weight was firmly correlated with total aril weight, total peel weight, volume of juice, TSS, aril length, 100-seed fresh weight, fruit length and fruit diameter. The volume of juice was correlated with TSS, aril length, 100-seed fresh weight, fruit length, fruit diameter and it was observed that with an increase in the fruit size, the volume of juice increased as well. The correlation between total phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity was not observed. The associations found among physical and chemical traits suggest that consumers should use large fruits with large arils so that they have more juice. Thus, ?Choman?, ?Raniyeh? and ?Halabja? were juicier than other accessions.

scholarly journals Variability components and heritability of pomological and chemical characteristics in sour cherry clones of cultivar Montmorency

Genetika ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Fotiric ◽  
Dragan Nikolic ◽  
Vera Rakonjac
Keyword(s):  
Acid Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Fruit Length

In 12 sour cherry clones of cultivar Montmorency 5 pomological (fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, stone weight and fruit stem length) and 4 chemical characteristics (soluble solid content, total acid content, invert sugar content and total sugar content) were investigated. Based on results of analysis of variance for all examined characteristics, variability components, coefficients of genetic and phenotypic variation and coefficient of heritability in a broader sense were calculated. Considering components of total variability, year represented the component that caused variability of majority examined characteristics in the highest percentage. Coefficients of genetic variation showed that in investigated clones total acid content varied the least (CVg = 1.79%), and the most fruit weight (CVg = 11.41%). The lowest phenotypic varying was determined for fruit length (CVf = 4.01%) but the highest for fruit weight (CVf = 13.86%). Coefficient of heritability was the highest for stone weight (h2 = 70.27%), and the lowest for total acid content (h2 = 7.73%).

scholarly journals Epistatic gene control on the yield of tomato at medium elevation in the tropical agroecosystem

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
FAJAR PRAKOSO MAWASID ◽  
MUHAMAD SYUKUR ◽  
TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Time ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Gene Control ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Tropical Agroecosystem ◽  
Duplicate Epistasis ◽  
Fruit Diameter

Abstract. Mawasid FP, Syukur M, Trikoesoemaningtyas. 2019. Epistatic gene control on the yield of tomato at medium elevation in the tropical agroecosystem. Biodiversitas 20: 1880-1886. Cultivation of tomatoes on the middle-low plain generally decreases the quantity and quality of the yield due to high-temperature stress. Increasing the size and weight of lowland tomatoes is needed to enhance national production. Information on the action and genetic model of target characters is needed in the preparation of the assembly program, especially for selection needs. This study aims to obtain genetic information and heritability of tomato yield characters, as a basis for assembling large tomato varieties for the lowlands. The study was conducted using six populations (P1, P2, F1, BCP1, BCP2, and F2) resulting from two different crosses of 99D x Tora (C-I) and 97D x Tora (C-II). The results show that the action of non-additive genes and non-allelic interactions has a large value, with duplicate epistasis being more dominant than complementary epistasis. Duplicate epistasis was found in the character of harvest time, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit weight in cross I and flowering time, harvest time, fruit length, fruit diameter, and number of fruits in cross II, while complementary epistasis was found in flowering time, fruit weight per plant, number of fruits in cross I, and fruit weight, fruit weight per plant in cross II. Moderate to high heritability was found in the character of fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit weight, and fruit weight per plant. The values are higher in population from the cross I (99D x Tora) for each character, indicating that the cross I has a higher potential for genetic progress than cross II. Selection is recommended when the homozygosity has increased, using the Bulk method or Single Seed Decent. The two methods above can maintain variability in the next generation, so epistasis genes that control target characters are not drastically eliminated.

scholarly journals Diversity of capsaicin content, quantitative, and yield components in chili (Capsicum annuum) genotypes and their F1 hybrid

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulfikar D Sahid ◽  
MUHAMAD SYUKUR ◽  
AWANG MAHARIJAYA
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Quantitative Yield ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Abstract. Sahid ZD, Syukur M, Maharijaya A. 2020. Genetic diversity of capsaicin content, quantitative, and yield component in chili (Capsicum annuum) and their F1 hybrid. Biodiversitas 21: 2251-2257. Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the horticultural plants that have many benefits. The benefit of chili was determined by pungency level of its fruit. Pungency level of the chili is due to the capsaicin content in fruit. Information about the genetic diversity of capsaicin is still rarely available. The aims of this study were to obtain diversity information on quantitative, yield component, and capsaicin content, and to analyze the correlation among chili genotypes based on their morphological characters. This study used Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The genetic material used in this study consisted of 21 genotypes consisting of 6 genotypes of chili elders and 15 hybrid F1 genotypes resulting from their crossing. Six genotypes of the chili parents are C5, F6074, F9160291, Yuni, Bara, and Giant. 15 hybrid F1 genotypes used in this study are C5 x Bara, C5 x F6074, C5 x Yuni, C5 x Giant, C5 x F9160291, Bara x F6074, Bara x Yuni, Bara x Giant, Bara x F9160291, F6074 x Yuni, F6074 x Giant, F6074 x F9160291, Yuni x Giant, Yuni x F9160291, and Giant x F9160291. The observation was made on the variables of quantitative, yield, and capsaicin components on chili. The results showed that the highest capsaicin content only was found in Bara x F9160291. The results of scatterplot analysis showed that the highest capsaicin and yield component was found in BaraxF6074 and C5 x Yuni genotype. The results of cluster analysis showed that chili was clustered into three color groups. The character of capsaicin content is negatively correlated and very different from fruit weight, fruit diameter, fruit length, thick fruit flesh, total amount of fruit per plant, and fruit weight per plant.

scholarly journals Variability, correlation and path co-efficient analysis of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Khan ◽  
SR Bhuiyan ◽  
KC Saha ◽  
MR Bhuyin ◽  
ASMY Ali
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Fruit Diameter

Seventeen genotypes of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) were studied in a field experiment conducted at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, during April 2009 to September 2010. The objectives of the study were to measure the variability among the genotypes for yield and yield contributing characters, estimate genetic parameters, association among the characters and their contribution to yield. There was a great deal of significant variation for all the characters among the genotypes. Considering genetic parameters high genotypic co-efficient of variation (GCV) was observed for branches per vine, yield per plant and number of fruit per plant whereas low genotypic co-efficient of variation (GCV) was observed for days to first male and female flowering. In all the cases, it was found that phenotypic co-efficient of variation was greater than genotypic co-efficient of variation. Highest genotypic and phenotypic co-efficient of variation was observed in branch per vine, fruit length, fruit weight and number of fruit plant which indicated a wide variability among the genotypes and offered better scope of selection. The results obtained showed that fruit length showed low direct and positive effect on yield per plant and indirect positive effect on yield per plant via fruit diameter and average fruit weight. Similar result was found for fruit diameter. Average fruit weight and number of fruits per plant showed high direct and positive effect on yield per plant. Path analysis revealed that average fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, days to male flowering and fruit length had positive direct effect on fruit yield. Considering group distance and the agronomic performance, the inter genotypic crosses between G2& G5; G2&G14; G14&G15; G2&G15; G10&G11; G10&G13; G11&G13; G5&G15; G5&G14 might be suitable choice for future hybridization programme.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(4): 607-618, December 2015

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