scholarly journals Biological Activities of Ethanol Extract from Karanda (Carissa carandas L.) Fruits

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Yuttana Sudjaroen ◽  
Kanyapat Petcharaporn ◽  
Jutamas Moolwong ◽  
Khiseo Jodnok ◽  
Narin Kakatum
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Carissa Carandas ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Carissa carandas L. fruits are is contain high amount of iron, vitamin C and pectin. These fruits have been applied for folk medicine in the reliving of human disorders; and reported for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory and lipase 1 activity. Aims of this study were to determine antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammation activities of ethanol extract from karanda fruits. Fresh fruits were cleaned, air dried, and extracted with 95% ethanol by maceration. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid measurements (TFC) of karanda fruit extract was determined by Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and colorimetric method. 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide (NO) radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibition activity of extract was evaluated and compared with ascorbic acid and a-tocopherol, respectively. In vitro inflammatory activity was evaluated by monitoring of degraded-albumin reduction and compared with diclofenac diethylammonium. Anti-microbial activity of was evaluated against pathogenic bacteria, Streptococcus mutans, and Staphylococcus aureus; and pathogenic yeasts, Candida albicans by disc diffusion method. TPC and TFC of ethanol extract were 11.39±0.18 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g and 9.15±1.31 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g, respectively. DPPH and NO radical scavenging activities of karanda fruit extract were preferable (IC50 = 0.56±0.05 and 50.95±14.29 mg/ml). However, this extract was poorly inhibited lipid peroxidation (IC50 > 1,000 mg/ml), and lack of anti-inflammation activity. Karanda fruit extract was slightly inhibited S. mutans and S. aureus, therefore there was unable to inhibited C. albicans. The results may support application of karanda fruit for oral anti-septic and sore-throat relieving herb.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Phytochemical Screening, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Ethanol Extracts of Cucumis flexouses and Cucumis reticulatus Seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 142-146
Author(s):  
Hafiza Tuseef Sayyar
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

The current study is designed to investigate the phytochemical screening and to examine the potential antimicrobial, antioxidant activities of ethanol extract of Cucumis flexouses and Cucumis reticulatus. The ethanol extract of C. flexouses and C. reticulatus seeds were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening for the confirmation of various phytochemicals and their total phenolic and flavonoid content is verified by the colorimetric method. Subsequently, antimicrobial activity of both extracts at the concentration of (25, 50, 100 mg/ml) against various microbial organisms was evaluated via the disc diffusion method by measuring zone of inhibition and estimating minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The antioxidant activity was assessed by ferric thiocyanate (FTC) and DPPH free radical scavenging method. The ethanol extract of Cucumis flexouses showed maximum antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus (29.0±0.05mm), Bacillus subtilis (17.0±0.02 mm) followed by gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (22.0±0.05 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.04±0.34mm) respectively at 100mg/ ml concentration as compared to standard drug. Moreover, both the extracts showed no activity against fungal species Candida albicans. Similarly, significant antioxidant effects at 100mg/ml concentration (1.17±0.025) were also observed by FTC and (1.09±0.017) by DPPH method. The result of the current study depicts that ethanol extract of C. flexouses seeds possess significant in-vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant effects as compared to C. reticulatus seed extract and could be a good substitute for many infectious diseases

scholarly journals GC-MS analysis and biological activities of Thymus vulgaris and Mentha arvensis essential oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-396
Author(s):  
Ashfaq Ahmad Khan ◽  
Muhammad Shoaib Amjad ◽  
Saboon
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Mentha Arvensis ◽  
Ms Analysis

Abstract Background Essential oils are chemical products produced by odoriferous glands from a variety of plants. These essential oil have many health benefits i.e. antiseptic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. So due to these medicinal properties present study was designed to analyze essential oil of Thymus vulgaris and Mentha arvensis for their chemical composition and biological activities. Materials and methods Essential oil from these plants were extracted by hydrodistillation method, and analyzed by GC-MS. To test the microbial activity of these oil disk diffusion method and micro wells method were used. For free radical scavenging DPPH assay was used. However total phenolic content was measured by colorimetric method. Results The GC-MS analysis of T. vulgaris oil showed the presence of 47 chemical compounds among which thymol, terpinene, p-cymene and carvacrol were major. However essential oil of M. arvensis showed the presence of 28 constituents, among which the Menthone, Menthol, Isomenthone, Eucalyptol, neo-Menthol, cis-Piperitone oxide, Linalool, Thymol, Limonene, and α-Phellandrene were major. Essential oil from both these plant tested for antimicrobial activity showed that the T. vulgaris oil was effective against seven bacterial strains and the essential oil of M. arvensis was effective against six bacterial strain. The antioxidant activity of both samples by DPPH assay which showed positive result. Conclusion As both species showed the presence of active components, positive microbial activities, and antioxidant activity so, research should be carried on for further biological activities of these oil for betterment of living beings.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF IN VIVO PLANT AND IN VITRO CALLUS EXTRACT OF CARDIOSPERMUM HALICACABUM L.

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-103
Author(s):  
THANIARASU R ◽  
LOGESHWARI M
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic

Objective: The present investigation focuses on the use of Cardiospermum halicacabum L. in their phytochemical and biological activities. Methods: In this study, in vivo stem and in vitro callus ethanolic extracts of C. halicacabum were tested for their phytochemical attributes by qualitative method, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), antioxidant, antibacterial, and bioactive compound properties. The bactericidal activity of the in vivo stem and in vitro callus extract has been evaluated in both Gram+ve and Gram-ve microorganisms using the disk diffusion method. Results: The highest frequency (78%) of well developed, dark green organogenic callus was induced from stem explant on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.7 mg/l 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) and 0.5 mg/l benzyl adenine (BA). The results of FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of functional groups in wild stem and in vitro callus extract of C. halicacabum with various peaks. The total phenolic content in ethanolic extract of in vivo plant and in vitro callus was 80.46 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry weight and 76.4 mg GAE/g dry weight, respectively. The highest percentage of tannins was measured at 78.03 in wild stem ethanol extracts followed by 75.22 in callus extract. The antioxidant activity of 2,2-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) ethanol extract was found to be 206.54 μg/ml. IC50 values of the stem extracts of C. halicacabum are 306 μg/ml and 286 μg/ml in callus extract, respectively. Antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract was higher for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) with a 17 mm zone of inhibition. Conclusion: The present investigation recommended that the callus ethanolic extract function as a good source of biologically active compounds and natural antioxidants.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Acorus calamus. L leaf and rhizome extracts

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kho See Li ◽  
Chan Sook Wah
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Acorus Calamus ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Sweet Flag

Background: Acorus calamus (sweet flag) is a well-known traditional herb used in India. There were only limited studies done on both hydrophilic and hydrophobic extracts of A. calamus and the biological activities of phenolic and flavonoid compounds as well as alpha-asarone in the sweet flag.Objective: The present study was designed to explore the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic of A. calamus leaf and rhizome extracts. Lastly, the correlation between the biological activities and total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) as well as total alpha-asarone content (TAC) of three different extracts (water, hexane and methanol extracts) was revealed.Method: TAC was determined through using HPLC method, while TPC and TFC were determined through spectrophotometric method. DPPH-free radical scavenging assay (DPPH-FRS) and ferric reducing power assay (FRAP) were used to analyze antioxidant activity, whereby disc diffusion method was used to analyze the antibacterial activity.Results: Methanol extracts had significantly (p<0.05) highest levels of antioxidant activities, antibacterial activity TPC (4.466%1; 3.603%2) and TFC (12.819%1; 7.411%2) content. The significant (p<0.05) highest TAC was observed in hexane extracts (0.762%1; 2.975%2). TPC (p<0.05; r=0.855) and TFC (p<0.05; r=0.855) correlated to FRAP, while DPPH-FRS solely correlated to TFC (p<0.05; r=0.873).Conclusion: Both of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic extracts of A. calamus could be potent antioxidant agents for nutraceutical application and antibacterial agent for food application. Lastly, flavonoids and phenols extracted from sweet flag could be a good potent source of antioxidants for nutraceuticals or food additives as those compounds are correlated to the antioxidant activity.1 Leaf extract; 2Rhizome extract

scholarly journals Study on Biological Activity of Litsea monopetala From Panchthar District of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
Subash Khanal ◽  
Bishan Datt Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Acetone Extracts ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

The Panchthar, a hilly district of Eastern Nepal, has several medicinal plants which are used by indegenous people for the treatments of different diseases. In the present work, phytochemical and biological activities of hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, and methanol extracts of Litsea monopetala leaves from the Pachthar district were analyzed. The phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence of major secondary metabolites like flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, polyphenols, glycosides, and proteins. The antibacterial activity was estimated by the disc diffusion method against Bacillus substilus and Escherichia coli. The result showed that ethyl acetate extract exhibit the highest zone of inhibition (ZOI) value of 18 mm/disc. Acetone extract also showed significant antibacterial activity at the concentration of 100 mg/mL. Antioxidant activity from DPPH radical scavenging assay displayed the inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of dried methanol and acetone extracts were 30.74 μg/mL and 202.86 μg/mL, respectively. The methanol extract has the highest total phenolic content of 360.14 mg GAE/g extract and the highest total flavonoid content of 27.13 mg QE/g extract. The present study revealed that Litsea monopetala plant from the Panchthar district is a source of several bioactive substances and can be used in several drugs formulation.

scholarly journals Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Sargassum polycystum of Ethanol Extract from Waters of Kabung Island

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Ikha Safitri ◽  
W. Warsidah ◽  
Mega Sari Juane Sofiana ◽  
Arie A. Kushadiwijayanto ◽  
T. Novi Sumarni
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamin ◽  
Dpph Method

Sargassum policystum is one of the genus Sargassum from the brown macroalgae group which has an abundance of chemical constituents of fucoidan, fucoxanthin, phenolic acids and alginate which have important biological activities, such as antioxidants and antibacterials. This species thrives in the waters of Kabung Island, Bengkayang, West Kalimantan and has not been exploited so that it tends to act as a marine weed. This study aimed to determine the total phenolic content of the ethanolic extract of S. policystum and its antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Determination of the total content of phenolic compounds using the Folin Ciocalteu method, antioxidant testing using the DPPH method (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and the indicator of sample color change with the addition of these radicals was measured by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Antibacterial testing was carried out by the test sample diffusion method and the inhibition of the growth of the test bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as test bacteria was indicated by the formation of a clear area around the sample wells. The results showed that the phenol content of the ethanolic extract of S. policystum was 79.8 mg/g extract, its antioxidant activity (IC50) was 98.903 ppm, classified as a strong antioxidant, while the comparison antioxidant, Vitamin C, had an IC50 of 6.26 ppm. The inhibitory ability of the ethanol extract against the test bacteria used was indicated by the formation of the largest inhibition diameter on S. aureus of 12.4 mm and E. coli of 12.0 mm.

scholarly journals Preliminary Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant, Antibacterial Activities of Crocus alatavicus from Kazakhstan

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariya SATYBALDIYEVA ◽  
Valentina MURSALIYEVA ◽  
Izbassar RAKHIMBAYEV ◽  
Bolatkhan ZAYADAN ◽  
Ramazan MAMMADOV
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Strains

Phytochemical analysis of C. alatavicus revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, carotenoids, amino acids and carbohydrates. The flavonoid, amino acids and carotenoid contents were higher in aerial part (1.50%, 7.49% and 9.78mg%, respectively) than in bulb (0.43%, 3.88% and 0.91 mg%, respectively). Total phenolic content (TPC), total antioxidant (TAA), 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and antibacterial activities of water, methanol, ethanol and dichloromethane extracts from aerial part and bulb were tested. TPC ranged from 13.63 to 72.29 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g extract. The maximum TAA were observed in ethanol (61.34%) and methanol extracts (46.13%) from aerial part with a high TPC (72.29 and 62.37 mgGAE/g extract, respectively). Ethanol extracts from aerial part and bulb had good scavenger of DPPH radicals (65.5% and 54.08%, respectively) with an IC50 387 and 447 µg/ml. Ethanol extract from aerial part was most effective against gram-positive bacterial strains S. aureus, B. subtilis and B. cereus. Biological activities of the extracts were correlated with the TPC. It can be deduced that ethanol and methnol extracts of C. alatavicus contains useful potent bioactive compounds with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.

Optimization of Maclura cochinchinensis Extract as a Cosmeceutical Component for Antioxidant and Anti-Tyrosinase Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 859 ◽  
pp. 188-193
Author(s):  
Boonyadist Vongsak ◽  
Sunan Jaisamut ◽  
Kanokporn Gonsap ◽  
Porntip Parmontree
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Ultrasound Technique ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Chronic Fever

Maclura cochinchinensis Corner or Kae Lae in Thai belongs to the Moraceae family. The plant is found in Southeast Asian countries and used in traditional medicine as a tonic agent to treat chronic fever and skin infections. Previous studies have demonstrated that plants in Moraceae family, such as Morus alba and Artocarpus lakoocha are rich source of antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase agents. Thus, the current study aimed at comparing different solvent extracts (50% ethanol, 80% ethanol, methanol by ultrasound and water decoction) of M. cochinchinensis heartwood for their antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities. Total phenolic content, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and anti-lipid peroxidation assays were performed to compare the antioxidant activity, whereas, Dopachrome method was performed for anti-tyrosinase activity. The results demonstrated that 80% ethanol and methanol extracts had better antioxidant activities based on EC50 value of DPPH (9.96±0.21 and 9.50±0.46 μg/mL, respectively), ABTS (6.54±0.13 and 6.58±0.69 μg/mL, respectively), anti-lipid peroxidation (228.31±2.03 and 231.43±1.41 μg/mL, respectively), and anti-tyrosinase (7.60±0.29 and 7.91±0.41 μg/mL, respectively) assays. Further, 80% ethanol extract was selected to evaluate the bioactive compound using bioactivity-guided isolation. Oxyresveratrol identified as bioactive compound, exhibited higher activities than the positive controls (quercetin and kojic acid). In conclusion, 80% ethanolic M. cochinchinensis heartwood extract obtained using the ultrasound technique exhibited strong antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase effects and can be used as a potential active ingredient for cosmeceutical products. Oxyresveratrol could be used as bioactive marker for quality control of the extract and products.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Non Polar and Polar Solvent Extracts of Glochidion Velutinum Wight in Respect of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Action

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-252
Author(s):  
Md Selim Hossain ◽  
Ananta Kumar Das ◽  
Fazlay Rabbi ◽  
Mesbahuddin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Assay

Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of non-polar and polar extracts of Glochidion velutinum Wight have been studied. The phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and colorimetric method was used to quantify flavonoids. Antioxidant activity was also measured by DPPH free radical scavenging assay and disk diffusion method was applied to test antimicrobial activity. Of the hexane, chloroform, ethanol and methanol extracts of Glochidion velutinum, higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents were found in methanol and ethanol extracts. Moreover, ethanol and methanol extracts also showed better antimicrobial and antioxidant activities than the other two extracts. The presence of various phytochemicals e.g. alkaloids, tannins, phenols etc in these extracts also substantiated the observed antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 41, No. 2, 247-252, 2017

scholarly journals New insights of phenolic compounds from optimized fruit extract of Ficus auriculata

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shahinuzzaman ◽  
Parul Akhtar ◽  
N. Amin ◽  
Yunus Ahmed ◽  
Farah Hannan Anuar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Optimum Extraction

AbstractIn this study, the extraction conditions extracted maximize amounts of phenolic and bioactive compounds from the fruit extract of Ficus auriculata by using optimized response surface methodology. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated through the assay of radical scavenging ability on DPPH and ABTS as well as reducing power assays on total phenolic content (TPC). For the extraction purpose, the ultrasonic assisted extraction technique was employed. A second-order polynomial model satisfactorily fitted to the experimental findings concerning antioxidant activity (R2 = 0.968, P < 0.0001) and total phenolic content (R2 = 0.961, P < 0.0001), indicating a significant correlation between the experimental and expected value. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was achieved 85.20 ± 0.96% at the optimum extraction parameters of 52.5% ethanol (v/v), 40.0 °C temperature, and 22 min extraction time. Alternatively, the highest yield of total phenolic content was found 31.65 ± 0.94 mg GAE/g DF at the optimum extraction conditions. From the LC–ESI–MS profiling of the optimized extract, 18 bioactive compounds were tentatively identified, which may regulate the antioxidant activity of fruits of F. auriculata.

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