scholarly journals HYPOTHYROIDISM;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (01) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Shafat Khatoon ◽  
Aijaz Ahmed ◽  
Nighat Jabeen ◽  
Erum Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Active Life ◽  
Group I ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Significant Health

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of death globally:more people die annually from CVDs than from any other cause. An estimated 17.5 millionpeople died from CVDs in 2012, representing 31% of all global deaths. Although CVDs areuncommon entity in young patients, it constitutes significant health problem due to itsdyslipidemia cases and devastating effects on active life style of young patients, it is thereforeimportant to identify diseases in young that are associated with or a cause of dyslipidemia1.Hypothyroidism is an important cause of dyslipidemia in young that can significantly increasethe risk of CVDs2. Objectives: This study is designed “to determine frequency of dyslipidemiain young hypothyroid patients”. Place and duration of Study: Study conducted at MedicalOPD JPMC, Karachi (outpatient) in six months duration from 25th May 2009 to 24th November2009. Patients and Methods: Study is performed on 100 newly diagnosed cases of primaryhypothyroidism between ages 25 to 55 years, non-smokers, having no previous history ofIschemic Heart Disease (IHD) or family history of premature CVD, diabetes mellitus (DM), hepaticor renal disease, not on drugs which could alter serum lipids. Selected case undergone 14hours fasting lipid profile check. Results: Out of 100 hypothyroid cases, 91% had dyslipidemiawhich was directly proportional to severity of hypothyroidism. Out of 100 hypothyroid cases,95 (95%) were of young age group i-e from 25-49 years, and all of them were dyslipidemic,while 05 (5%) hypothyroid patients were of age group more than 50 years and none of themhad dyslipidemia. (0.00%) and this distribution of dyslipidemic in young hypothyroid patientsis statistically significant (p value 0.031) Conclusion: Hypothyroidism is associated with highfrequency of dyslipidemia in young patients which significantly predisposes them to risks ofCVDs.

scholarly journals Estimation of Serum Ferritin Levels in Blood Donors and its Association with Frequency of Blood Donation and Blood Indices

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amrita S Kumar ◽  
A Geetha ◽  
Jim Joe ◽  
Arun Mathew Chacko
Keyword(s):  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Previous History ◽  
P Value ◽  
Blood Indices ◽  
Iron Stores ◽  
Group I ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Blood donation is one of the most significant contributions that a person can make towards the society. A donor generally donates maximum 450 mL of blood at the time of donation. If 450 mL of blood is taken in a donation, men lose 242±17 mg and women lose 217±11 mg of iron. Hence, adequate iron stores are very important in maintenance of the donor’s health. Aim: To assess the influence of frequency of blood donation on iron levels of blood donors by estimating Haemoglobin (Hb) and other blood indices which reflect iron status of blood and serum ferritin which reflects body iron stores. Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional analytical study, conducted on 150 blood donors, 18-40 years of age presenting to the Blood Bank in Government Medical College, Kottayam, Kerala, India, between December 2016 to December 2017. Total of 150 donors were divided into four groups according to the number of donations per year. Group I were the first time donors with no previous history of blood donation, Group II- included those with history of donation once in the previous year, Group III- those donors with history of donation twice in the previous year and Group IV- those having history of donation thrice in the previous year. Six ml of whole blood collected from each donor, two ml was used for estimating Haemoglobin (Hb), Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hb (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) in haematology analyser. Serum separated from remaining four mL of blood underwent ferritin analysis by Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CLIA) method. Iron stores were considered normal at serum ferritin value from 23.9-336ng/mL in males and 11-307ng/mL in females. Statistical analysis was performed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test and Pearson correlation test were used to find association between various parameters and collected data. The p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: There was no significant correlation between serum ferritin level and frequency of blood donation. MCH, MCHC showed significant association (p-value 0.039 and 0.007, respectively) with frequency of blood donation. Low positive correlation was seen between Hb and PCV with serum ferritin levels (r=0.381, p-value <0.001 and r=0.354, p-value <0.001, respectively). Conclusion: There is no significant association between frequency of blood donation and serum ferritin levels.

scholarly journals An Emulation of Randomized Trials of Administrating Antipsychotics in PTSD Patients for Outcomes of Suicide-Related Events

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Noah R. Delapaz ◽  
William K. Hor ◽  
Michael Gilbert ◽  
Andrew D. La ◽  
Feiran Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
P Value ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Almost All

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent mental disorder marked by psychological and behavioral changes. Currently, there is no consensus of preferred antipsychotics to be used for the treatment of PTSD. We aim to discover whether certain antipsychotics have decreased suicide risk in the PTSD population, as these patients may be at higher risk. A total of 38,807 patients were identified with a diagnosis of PTSD through the ICD9 or ICD10 codes from January 2004 to October 2019. An emulation of randomized clinical trials was conducted to compare the outcomes of suicide-related events (SREs) among PTSD patients who ever used one of eight individual antipsychotics after the diagnosis of PTSD. Exclusion criteria included patients with a history of SREs and a previous history of antipsychotic use within one year before enrollment. Eligible individuals were assigned to a treatment group according to the antipsychotic initiated and followed until stopping current treatment, switching to another same class of drugs, death, or loss to follow up. The primary outcome was to identify the frequency of SREs associated with each antipsychotic. SREs were defined as ideation, attempts, and death by suicide. Pooled logistic regression methods with the Firth option were conducted to compare two drugs for their outcomes using SAS version 9.4 (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA). The results were adjusted for baseline characteristics and post-baseline, time-varying confounders. A total of 5294 patients were eligible for enrollment with an average follow up of 7.86 months. A total of 157 SREs were recorded throughout this study. Lurasidone showed a statistically significant decrease in SREs when compared head to head to almost all the other antipsychotics: aripiprazole, haloperidol, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, and ziprasidone (p < 0.0001 and false discovery rate-adjusted p value < 0.0004). In addition, olanzapine was associated with higher SREs than quetiapine and risperidone, and ziprasidone was associated with higher SREs than risperidone. The results of this study suggest that certain antipsychotics may put individuals within the PTSD population at an increased risk of SREs, and that careful consideration may need to be taken when prescribed.

scholarly journals The clinical study of the incisional hernia and its management

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 2281
Author(s):  
Navdeep Garg ◽  
Pooja Batra ◽  
Sharadendu Bali
Keyword(s):  
Incisional Hernia ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Suture Repair ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Response Sets ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sublay Mesh ◽  
Mesh Hernioplasty

Background: Hernia is defined as abnormal protrusion of viscus through a normal or abnormal weakness in the wall of its containing cavity. Incidence of Incisional hernias is 60%. It is the most common complication after exploratory laparotomy followed by LSCS.Methods: Data was collected for 30 cases of incisional hernia according to the proforma which included detailed history, clinical examination and investigation. Data was tabulated, analyzed and results interpreted.Results: Incisional hernia was more common in females with the ratio 1.5:1. The incidence of incisional hernia was highest in the age group ranging from 30-50 years. Most of the patients presented with chief complaint of swelling (100%) followed by pain and swelling (24%). Incisional hernia was more common in patients of previous history of abdominal procedures (explorative laparotomy 53%) followed by gynaecological operations (23%). Out of 30 patients studied, 20 underwent only mesh hernioplasty (67%), 10 underwent sublay mesh hernioplasty (23%).Conclusions: With prosthetic mesh, defects of any size can be repaired without tension. The polypropylene mesh, by inducing inflammatory response sets up scaffolding that in turn induces the synthesis of collagen. Thus, the superiority of mesh repair over suture repair can be accounted for. 

Clinical significance of family history and bicuspid aortic valve in children and young adult patients with Marfan syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 663-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Monda ◽  
Adelaide Fusco ◽  
Daniela Melis ◽  
Martina Caiazza ◽  
Felice Gragnano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Family History ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Marfan Syndrome ◽  
Bicuspid Aortic Valve ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
P Value ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Aortic Sinus ◽  
History Of

AbstractBackground:Marfan syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder of the connective tissue, whose cardinal features affect eyes, musculoskeletal, and cardiovascular system. Despite prevalence and natural history of cardiovascular manifestation are well known in adults, little is known about children and young adult patients. The aim of this study was to describe a well-characterised cohort of consecutive children and young patients with marfan syndrome, looking at the impact of family history and presence of bicuspid aortic valve on disease severity.Methods:A total of 30 consecutive children and young patients with Marfan syndrome were evaluated. All patients underwent a comprehensive clinical–instrumental–genetic evaluation. Particular attention was posed to identify differences in prevalence of cardiovascular abnormalities between patients with and without family history of Marfan syndrome or bicuspid aortic valve.Results:Of these 30 patients, family history of Marfan syndrome and bicuspid aortic valve were present in 76 and 13%, respectively. Compared to patients with family history of Marfan syndrome, those without showed higher prevalence of aortic sinus dilation (87 versus 32%, p-value = 0.009), greater aortic sinus diameters (4.2 ± 2.1 versus 1.9 ± 1.1 z score, p-value = 0.002), and higher rate of aortic surgery during follow-up (37 versus 0%, p-value = 0.002). Compared to patients with tricuspid aortic valve, those with bicuspid aortic valve were younger (3.2 ± 4.3 versus 10.7 ± 6.8 years old, p-value = 0.043), showed greater aortic sinus diameters (4.2 ± 0.9 versus 2.2 ± 1.6 z score, p-value = 0.033), and underwent more frequently aortic root replacement (50 versus 4%, p-value = 0.004).Conclusions:In our cohort of patients with Marfan syndrome, the absence of family history and the presence of bicuspid aortic valve were associated to severe aortic phenotype and worse prognosis.

scholarly journals Rapidly Progressive Atrioventricular Block in a Patient with Sarcoidosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagham Saeed Jafar ◽  
Warkaa Al Shamkhani ◽  
Sunil Roy Thottuvelil Narayanan ◽  
Anil Kumar Rajappan
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Sarcoidosis ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Pacemaker Implantation ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Av Block ◽  
History Of ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Cardiac Manifestations

Cardiac sarcoidosis is a major cause of death in patients with systemic sarcoidosis. Cardiac manifestations are seen in 2.3% of the patients. Atrioventricular (AV) block is one of the common manifestations of cardiac sarcoidosis. Other presentations of cardiac involvement include congestive heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. The presence of AV block in young patients should raise the suspicion of sarcoidosis. AV block may be the only manifestation and patients may not have clinical evidence of pulmonary involvement. Here we describe a young male presented with exercise induced AV block rapidly progressing to complete heart block with recurrent syncope needing urgent pacemaker implantation. Factors that suggested an infiltrative process included his young age, rapidly progressive conduction abnormalities in the ECG in the absence of coronary disease, and previous history of cutaneous sarcoidosis.

scholarly journals Rifampicin-resistance Pattern of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Associated Risk Factors Among Presumptive Pulmonary and Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital, Southeast Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wakuman Taye Kelecha ◽  
Solomon Gebra-Sellasie Teklegiorgis ◽  
Mesay Mitiku Gemechu
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
P Value ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Extra Pulmonary

Abstract Background: Drug resistant M.tuberculosis is one of the serious public health trouble that intimidating progress made in tuberculosis cases and control in several countries. Early detection of drug-resistant tuberculosis is crucial for patient management and infection control. Methods: Hospital based cross-sectional study design was conducted from October 2020 to February 2021. Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and resistance to Rifampicin pattern was determined by using GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay. Data were entered and analyzed by SPSS version 23.0. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to examine the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Less than 0.05 P-value was used to show significance.Results: A total of 301 presumptive tuberculosis patients were included in the study; of these, 46 (15.3%) of them were identified as having Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 2/46 (4.35%) were resistant to Rifampicin and 4/46 (14.8%) patients were TB/HIV co-infected. From the total of M. tuberculosis detected 40 (16.7%) were identified in pulmonary and 6 (9.8%) were in extra-pulmonary presumptive patients. Rifampicin-resistant M. tuberculosis was detected in 2 patients who had a history of taking Anti-tuberculosis drugs. Conclusion: Previous history of tuberculosis treatment and having close contact history with tuberculosis patients were found as important associated factors that enhance the prevalence of tuberculosis among presumptive tuberculosis patients. This indicates the mandate to make better and oversee the treatment protocol to control the burden of drug resistant M.tuberculosis.

scholarly journals DETECTION OF HYPOTHYROIDISM IN EARLY PREGNANCY: UNIVERSAL SCREENING

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Manpreet Kour ◽  
Taranjeet Kour
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Previous History ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
History Of ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients

Background: Thyroid dysfunction is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of childbearing (1), second only to diabetes mellitus.The aim of this systemic review was to determine whether an increased maternal TSH level and normal serum T4 levels, as seen in SCH, could also be associated with pregnancy complications. Methods: This study was conducted in Nobel hospital,Pune January 2015 to July 2016 in all the pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in their first trimester of pregnancy. Data was collected on a pre-designed, pre-tested study proforma which includes socio-demographic information of patients, detailed clinical history and examinations of pregnant women and babies. Blood samples were taken under all aseptic precautions and were sent to laboratory of the institute for routine investigations and thyroid profile. Patients were followed up till delivery and babies were followed up till discharge from the hospital. Results:This study was conducted in 220 patients in obstetrics and gynaecology department in Noble Hospital, Pune. Out of 220 cases,198 cases were euthyroid, 13 cases were subclinical hypothyroid and 9 cases were overt hypothyroid. Hypothyroidism was found in 22(10%) of pregnant women in their first trimester. Out of which, 13(5.91%) had subclinical hypothyroidism and 9(4.09%) had overt hypothyroidism. Majority of the patients 45.45% were in age group of 26-30years. 90.91% of hypothyroid patients had regular cycles and 9.09% had irregular cycles. Hypothyroidism was equally distributed between primi and multigravida patients. 31.82% of hypothyroid patients had previous history of abortions and 68.18% had no such history.18.18% of hypothyroid patients had history of infertility and 31.82% had no history of infertility. Anti-TPO was present in 9.09% and none of euthyroid patients. Maternal and Fetal complications were found more in hypothyroid patients than euthyroid patients. Conclusion: Most of the patients in our study who have subclinical thyroid disease are asymptomatic, so screening is the most convenient method to identify such patients. Follow-up of abnormal TSH values with FT3 and FT4 may yield valuable results which could enable us for therapeutic intervention and may go a long way in preventing adverse pregnancy outcomes.

scholarly journals Occurrence of canine mammary and skin/ subcutaneous neoplasms in and around Thrissur district of Kerala during 2017-2020: A review of 265 cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudheesh S. Nair ◽  
Narayanan M. K. ◽  
Anoop S. ◽  
Dhanush Krishna B. ◽  
Usha Narayana Pillai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Previous History ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Cancer Surgery ◽  
Mixed Diet ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Dog Food ◽  
Mammary Neoplasms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Maximum Occurrence ◽  
History Of Cancer

The study was conducted in 265 clinical cases of mammary and skin/ subcutaneous neoplasms in dogs presented to University Veterinary Hospitals Mannuthy and Kokkalai during a period of 36 months from October 2017 to September 2020. Mammary neoplasms were found more in females (51.7 per cent) than in males whereas skin and subcutaneous neoplasms were found more in male dogs (48.3 per cent). The maximum occurrence of neoplasms was recorded in the age group of eight to twelve years (38.5 per cent) whereas least occurrence was noticed in the age group up to four years (9 per cent). Labrador and Rottweiler breeds were found more affected with neoplasms (38 per cent each) with highest occurrence of mammary neoplasms in inguinal mammary glands (35.03 per cent) and highest occurrence of skin/ subcutaneous neoplasms on sites involving trunk region (14.06 per cent cases). Eighty-three per cent of the neoplasm cases in the present study were pet dogs with a greater number of dogs maintained in outdoor kennels and 17 per cent of neoplasm was found in free-roaming dogs rescued from streets. Out of total 265 dogs, 37.73 per cent dogs were found to be having commercial dog food as their main feed and 32 per cent dogs were fed with a mixed diet of homemade food and commercial dog food. Among the cases, 14.71 per cent dogs had a previous history of cancer surgery

Domestic Violence as a Risk Factor for Attempted Suicide in Married Women

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 5753-5771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankajakshan Vijayanthi Indu ◽  
Sivaraman Remadevi ◽  
Karunakaran Vidhukumar ◽  
Peer Mohammed Shah Navas ◽  
Thekkethayyil Viswanathan Anilkumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
History Of

High rates of suicide attempts and domestic violence (DV) in women of reproductive age group have been reported from South India, but the association between them was not studied. Hence, this study was undertaken to assess whether DV is a risk factor for attempted suicide in married women of reproductive age group. A hospital-based case-control study with 77 incident cases of attempted suicide in married women of the age group of 18 to 45 years and 153 controls belonging to the same age group, without history of suicide attempt, was undertaken over a period of 6 months. Univariate and multivariate analyses were done. The crude odds ratio (cOR) for DV was found to be 6.15 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] = [2.95, 12.82], p value = .0001). Other statistically significant risk factors included younger age group (below 30 years); gross family income > Rs. 5,000; higher occupational status of spouse; having poor social support; having a family history of psychiatric disorders, substance use disorders, and suicide/suicide attempt; higher impulsiveness scores; having higher scores of stressful life events over the past 12 months, and alcohol use disorder in husband. Islamic faith was found to be a significant protective factor. On logistic regression, DV was found to be an independent risk factor for attempted suicide in this study population (adjusted OR = 3.79, 95% CI = [1.35, 10.62], p value = .011). Age groups, stressful life events, impulsiveness, and alcohol use disorder in husband were the confounders adjusted for in logistic regression along with other significant risk and protective factors. Significant dose–response relationship was also observed between DV and attempted suicide. In accordance with the stress-diathesis model for suicidal behavior, DV is found to be a stressor which precipitates suicide attempt in those with diathesis like family history of psychiatric disorders. Clinical, research, and policy implications of the findings are discussed.

P6580Prevalence and clinical significance of latent Brugada syndrome in juvenile lone atrial fibrillation

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Fathy ◽  
L Gaido ◽  
S Quaranta ◽  
M Anselmino ◽  
C Giustetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Family History ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
P Value ◽  
Lone Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Introduction Brugada syndrome (BrS) cause about 20% of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young healthy adults. Nearly 20% of Brugada patients develop supraventricular arrhythmias, mostly atrial fibrillation (AF). But whether lone AF may be the first clinical manifestation in young patients with latent BrS remains unclear. Purpose To estimate the prevalence and clinical significance of latent Brugada ECG pattern in young population (age ≤45 years) with lone AF. Methods A total of 78 patients with lone atrial fibrillation (mean age 35±7) were selected from 111 young patients with juvenile atrial fibrillation (age ≤45 years) between January 2015 and November 2017. All patients were clinically evaluated. Moreover 12 lead-24H Holter ECG and pharmacological class 1C antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) test were done for high suspicious cases of Brugada ECG. The diagnosis of Brugada ECG pattern was established according to the second consensus report criteria 2005 and since 2013, according to HRS/EHRA/APHRS expert consensus statement. Results According to the study protocol, we considered two groups of patients, group 1: 13 patients (16.7%; mean age 37±8) were diagnosed with type 1 Brugada ECG pattern (3 during class 1C AADs therapy and 10 induced by class 1C AAD test), group 2: 65 patients (83%; mean age 35±7) diagnosed as lone AF without type 1 Brugada ECG. The clinical characteristics of the two groups are described in table 1. Regarding to group 1, two patients had positive electrophysiological study with subsequent ICD implantation and genetic test for SCN5A mutation was positive in 3 patients. Table 1. G1, G2 clinical characteristics Patients characteristics Group 1 (n=13) Group 2 (n=65) P value Mean age (years) 37±8 35±7 0.42 Gender (Male %) 7 (54%) 54 (83%) 0.02 Family history of BrS 2 (15%) 0 (0%) 0.03 Family history of SCD 1 (8%) 1 (1.5%) 0.20 Syncope 4 (31%) 5 (8%) 0.02 Sick Sinus Syndrome 1 (8%) 7 (11%) 0.70 Paroxysmal AF 12 (92%) 54 (83%) 0.40 Suspected basal ECG for BrS 13 (100%) 28 (43%) <0.01 Statistical test is considered significant when p value <0.05. Conclusions Up to our knowledge this study is the first one that estimate the prevalence of latent BrS in juvenile lone AF patients. Young patients with lone AF had a high prevalence of latent BrS. Syncope, family history of SCD and family history of BrS are significant indicators of the presence of latent BrS in young patients with lone atrial fibrillation.

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