scholarly journals POLIO VACCINATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (01) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ali ◽  
Liaqat Ali ◽  
Mussawar Shah ◽  
Naimatullah Khan ◽  
Muhammad Shafee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Disease ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Test Statistics ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Religious Background ◽  
Polio Vaccine ◽  
Polio Vaccination ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Infantile Paralysis

Background: Polio is a viral disease causing infantile paralysis in the community.This study cultural and traditional barriers to Polio Vaccination. Pakistan in order to explore thecultural and traditional barriers in vaccination against polio. Setting: Tehsil Kwazakhela, Swat,KPK. Methods: A total of 200 respondents were selected from 364 household’s population. Aconceptual framework based on cultural barriers to polio vaccination (dependent variable) andimpediments to polio vaccination (dependent variable) was worked out and uni-variate analysisfor percentage and Chi square test statistics was carried out for association between variables.Results: At uni-variate level majority of the respondent’s i.e. 98% argued that misconceptionis a great issue in the area and 98.5% respondents treat the new born through traditional way.Furthermore, 79.5% masses were in favor of clergy’s fatwah and 95% were agreed that poliovaccine caused immodesty, 81.5% were facing hurdles due to religious background, and 68 %responded that polio vaccination affected from terrorism, 92% agreed that polio vaccination isagainst the prevalent culture. At bivariate level myth, clergies fatwah, polio vaccine is an Americanploy and common superstition spread by radicals were found significant with impediments topolio vaccination. Conclusion: A well patronized campaign over media through proper displayof victims from polio with explicit display of agonies from the victims is essential. Support fromclergies and other regional religious institutions will help in the success of campaign to fightagainst Polio.

scholarly journals Children Abilities to Regulate their Selves of On-Job Women and Housewives

2020 ◽  
Vol V (III) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nisar Ul Haq ◽  
Khadija Awan ◽  
Muhammad Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Students ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Public Colleges ◽  
Test Statistics ◽  
Inferential Statistics ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference

The study aimed to find out the difference between self-regulation and social adjustment in the children of on-job women and housewives. The study was quantitative in nature and was delimited to higher secondary students of Rawalpindi division of Punjab. The sample of the study comprised of six hundred students of on-job women and housewives each of private and public colleges of Rawalpindi division. A self-developed questionnaire was managed to collect data about self-regulation and social adjustment of students. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the help of SPSS version 22. Chi-Square test statistics and Pillai's Trace statistics were performed. The study concluded that children of on-job women have more ability to regulate their self as compared to children of housewives. It was also concluded that children of on-job women are socially well adjusted as compared to children of housewives.

Genetic analysis for resistance to leaf curl disease in Chilli Peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) under specific situations

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar Maurya ◽  
Arpita Srivatstava ◽  
Manisha Mangal ◽  
Akshay Talukdar ◽  
Bikash Mondal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Resistant Genotype ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Chilli Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Leaf Curl

Leaf curl is a serious viral disease of chilli caused by a group of bigomoviruses dominated by chilli leaf curl virus (ChiLcv). With the aim to study the mode of inheritance of the ChiLcv disease resistance, a resistant genotype DLS-Sel.10 was crossed with a susceptible genotype Phule Mukta and F1, F2, B1 and B2 generations were developed. The parents along with the segregating generations were screened under natural conditions as well as challenged inoculation with viruliferous whiteflies carrying predominant ChiLcv.PCR amplification of viral genome-specific marker confirmed the presence of virus in all the tested plants however, only susceptible plants produced symptoms. The F1 plants showed susceptibility under both natural and challenged inoculation conditions indicating that the resistance is of recessive nature. On Chi-square test, it was found that susceptible and resistant plants of the two F2populations segregated in a ratio of 3 susceptible : 1 resistant plants and the B2 population derived from DLS-Sel.10/Phule Mukta//DLS-Sel.10 segregated in a ratio of 1 resistant : 1 susceptible plant suggesting that the Chilcv is goverened by a single recessive gene. The findings of this study will help in breeding for ChiLcv resistance in Chilli.

scholarly journals Powerful Statistical Tests for Ordered Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juergen Koefinger ◽  
Gerhard Hummer
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Test Statistics ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
P Values ◽  
Gamma Distributions ◽  
Versatile Tool ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Common Sign ◽  
Ordered Data

<p>The inference of models from one-dimensional ordered data subject to noise is a fundamental and ubiquitous task in the physical and life sciences. A prototypical example is the analysis of small- and wide-angle solution scattering experiments using x-rays (SAXS/WAXS) or neutrons (SANS). In such cases, it is common practice to check the quality of a fit by using Pearson's chi-square test, which ignores the order of the data. We usually plot the residuals and check visually for systematic deviations without quantifying them. To quantify these deviations, we developed test statistics based on the distributions of the lengths of the runs of the signs of the residuals. Specifically, we use the probability of run-length distributions, for which we provide analytical expressions, to rank them and to calculate their P-values. We introduce the Shannon information distribution as an elegant and versatile tool for calculating P-values. We find that these distributions follow shifted gamma distributions, such that they are summarized by three parameters only. We show for a set of six models that our test statistics are more powerful than Pearson's chi-square test and common sign-based tests. We provide an open source Python 3 implementation of our tests free of charge at https://github.com/bio-phys/hplusminus.</p>

scholarly journals ANALYZING PATIENT SATISFACTION WITH REGARDS TO PROVISION OF FREE MEDICINES IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PAKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Neelam Farid ◽  
Mussawir Shah ◽  
Akhtar Ali ◽  
Dawood Jan
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Test Statistics ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Independent Variable

Objective: To measure the association between provision of free medicines and patient satisfaction with regard to new health policy. Materials and methods: A total of 384 sampled respondents (admitted patients, Male/Female) who visited the OPD for surgical and medical components were selected through random sampling technique from three public teaching hospitals namely, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Hayatabad Medical Complex and Lady Reading Hospital in district Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa respectively. A conceptual framework consisted of independent variable namely provision of free medicines and a dependent variable patient satisfaction was tabulated and analyzed through chi-square test statistics. The multi-variate analysis of the study intimated a non –significant association between patient satisfaction and provision of free medicines controlling family type and it was found a non-spurious relationship while comparing at bi-variate level. Results: The findings revealed that any health policy with provision of special attention to patients by taking along the relevant stakeholders does yield the desired results. All these provisions may include the services with a strong mechanism of monitoring, evaluation based on reward and punishment.

scholarly journals Conditional Inference in Small Sample Scenarios Using a Resampling Approach

Stats ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 837-849
Author(s):  
Clemens Draxler ◽  
Andreas Kurz
Keyword(s):  
Power Function ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
R Package ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Conditional Inference ◽  
Test Statistics ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Large Sample Theory ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
True Values

This paper discusses a non-parametric resampling technique in the context of multidimensional or multiparameter hypothesis testing of assumptions of the Rasch model. It is based on conditional distributions and it is suggested in small sample size scenarios as an alternative to the application of asymptotic or large sample theory. The exact sampling distribution of various well-known chi-square test statistics like Wald, likelihood ratio, score, and gradient tests as well as others can be arbitrarily well approximated in this way. A procedure to compute the power function of the tests is also presented. A number of examples of scenarios are discussed in which the power function of the test does not converge to 1 with an increasing deviation of the true values of the parameters of interest from the values specified in the hypothesis to be tested. Finally, an attempt to modify the critical region of the tests is made aiming at improving the power and an R package is provided.

Abstract 17352: Seasonal Trends of Acute Idiopathic Pericardial Effusion Requiring Pericardial Drainage

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad M Furqan ◽  
Abdullah Yesilyaprak ◽  
Beni R Verma ◽  
Hassan Mehmood Lak ◽  
Dakshin Gangadharamurthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pericardial Effusion ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Test Statistics ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pericardial Window ◽  
Seasonal Trends ◽  
Pericardial Drainage ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: The seasonal trends of idiopathic pericardial effusion (PEff) are not known. Small PEff is usually asymptomatic but moderate to large PEff may lead to cardiac tamponade necessitating pericardial drainage procedures. Seasonal variations of PEff can help identify the association with viral infections that follow a seasonal pattern. Therefore, we sought to characterize the seasonal trends of moderate to large PEff. Methods: We retrospectively identified pericardial effusion patients from January 2015 to December 2019. Moderate to large PEff was defined as PEff requiring either pericardiocentesis or pericardial window. Patients with minimal to small PEff, autoimmune diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis), cardiac surgeries/invasive procedures, hemopericardium, chronic pericarditis, malignancy, and metastasis were excluded. Data was acquired from electronic medical records and frequencies, means, percentages, and chi-square test statistics were calculated. Results: Of the 472 patients with PEff, 63% (n=296) were males and 37% (n=176) females. The median age was 61 years. Pericardiocentesis was performed in 65% of patients and 35% had pericardial window. All seasons had similar incidence of PEff (winter 27%, spring 25%, summer 24%, fall 23%, [X 2 =1.81, p=0.612]). The incidence also remained same across all the quarters of the year (Q1 25%, Q2 25%, Q3 26%, Q4 24%, [X2=0.119, p=0.990). The incidence of pericardiocentesis and pericardial window in winter (27% vs 27.5), Spring (22% vs 31%), summer (26% vs 20%), fall (25% vs 20%) showed no difference (X2=6.40, p=0.094). Conclusion: The incidence of moderate to large acute idiopathic pericardial effusion is consistent across all seasons and quarters. Similarly, no significant seasonality was associated with pericardiocentesis and pericardial window procedures.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Logistics Management of 3 PL Service Companies to 4 PL in the recession of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 08017
Author(s):  
Somrerk Kanwivat
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Logistics Management ◽  
Test Statistics ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Service Company ◽  
Business Operation ◽  
Service Companies ◽  
Logistics Service ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Relationship

This research aims to explore 1. the fundamentals of a logistics service company with a lean concept with the transformation factor of 3PL and the development of logistics management from 3PL to 4PL, 2. the relationship between fundamental factors and transformation factors of 3PL, 3. the relationship between change factor and Development of Logistics Management from 3LP to 4P, 4. the fundamentals influencing the development of logistics management from 3PL to 4L, and 5. the transformational factors of 3PL influencing the development of logistics management 3PL to 4PL.with the lean concept of transition from eliminating extravagance and waste to value based on the clients concept: eliminating tasks resulting in balance and profit. The samples used in this research were Logistics service company in Bangkok and perimeter. This is a survey research. Questionnaires are tools for collecting data. Data analysis through percentage, mean, and standard deviation, Chi-square test statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. especially if supply chains were disrupted. COVID-19 also added to the uncertainty of the business operation.

DETECTING THE AUTO-CORRELATION BETWEEN DAILY TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY TIME SERIES

Fractals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (02) ◽  
pp. 1950003
Author(s):  
QINGJU FAN ◽  
SHUANGGUI LIU ◽  
KEHAO WANG
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Fluctuation Analysis ◽  
Test Statistics ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis ◽  
Auto Correlation ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Detrended Fluctuation ◽  
Probability Density Function Pdf

Multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis (MF-DFA) for bivariate series has been used to study the auto-correlation between temperature and relative humidity series in Wuhan city, China. The results show that long-range persistence auto-correlation exists between the temperature and relative humidity series and the auto-correlation has multifractal characteristics. For the two climate records, the contribution of single series to multifractality is analyzed by utilizing chi square ([Formula: see text]) test. By comparing the chi square test statistics of original series with those of shuffled and surrogate series, we conclude that the relative humidity is more responsible for the multifractality due to its long-range correlation, and the temperature and relative humidity series almost have the same degree of contributions to the multifractality due to a fatness of probability density function (PDF) correlation. On the whole, the relative humidity series has dominant effect in the auto-correlation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document