Antibacterial Activity of Sargassum polycystum and Ulva reticulata Methanol Extract Against Marine Fouling Bacteria

The antibacterial activity of three Cupressaceae plants (Thujaoccidentalis,ThujaorientalisandChamaecyparisobtusa) was tested against three bacteria using the agar diffusion method. The ether and ethylacetate fraction of crude methanol extract from the three plants showed potent antibacterial activity against the tested microorganisms. The result showed that Staphylococcus aureus revealed the most sensitivity among the tested bacteria. Thujaoccidentalisether fraction and Thujaorientalis hexane fraction exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. E. coli was shown the highest MIC values compared to the other two tested bacteria, which indicates the lowest antibacterial activity against the bacterium. This study promises an interesting future for designing a potentially active antibacterial agent from the three Cupressaceae plants.

Download Full-text

Identification of Secondary Metabolites and Antibacterial Activity of Non Polar Fraction from Heterotrigona itama Propolis

Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science ◽

10.18196/jfaps.v2i1.12406 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 23-33

Author(s):

Abdul Aziz ◽

Veggy Nadya Yuliawan ◽

Paula Mariana Kustiawan

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Polar Fraction ◽

Hexane Fraction ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Phytochemical Content ◽

Color Changes

Propolis is one of the natural products produced by kelulut bees and is still not widely used. The type of stingless bee that is the prima donna in the community is Heterotrigona itama. This study aims to determine the phytochemical content of the n-hexane fraction of Heterotrigona itama bee propolis collected from Kutai Kartanegara, East Kalimantan. The n-hexane fraction was obtained from the methanol extract of H. itama propolis by the liquid-liquid partition method. After obtaining the n-hexane fraction, the research continued with a qualitative phytochemical test to identify the compound and determine total phenolic. Antibacterial activity was determined by the agar well diffusion method with a serial concentration in Escherichia coli bacteria. Qualitative phytochemical analysis in the form of color changes showed that the n-hexane fraction of H. itama propolis contained flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins. Based on the results, the total phenolic content of the n-hexane fraction sample was 490 mgGAE/100 g. It caused the n-hexane fraction to have lower phenolic content than the methanol extract (792 mg GAE100 g). Furthermore, this result indicated that the non-polar fraction was not substantial enough to extracted phenolic compounds. It correlated to the antibacterial activity of the n-hexane fraction, which was very weak (2 mm ± 1.5) at 200µg/mL concentration.

Download Full-text

Screening of Some Marine Plants for Activity against Marine Fouling Bacteria

Botanica Marina ◽

10.1515/botm.1997.40.1-6.87 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 40 (1-6) ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Prabha Devi ◽

W. Solimabi ◽

L. D’Souza ◽

S. Sonak ◽

S. Y. Kamat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Marine Fouling ◽

Marine Plants ◽

Fouling Bacteria

Download Full-text

DELONIX REGIA BOJ. EX. HOOK RAFFIN; FAMILY: FABACEAE, BARK METHANOL EXTRACT PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILE AND POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC EVALUATION

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i10.38868 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 100-105

Author(s):

ARPITHA SHIVAMALLU ◽

SHAILASREE SEKHAR

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Charge Ratio ◽

Delonix Regia ◽

Human Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Cox 2 ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Mcf 7

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer potencies of the Delonix regia bark, a first of its kind. Methods: The bark was extracted sequentially in Soxhlet apparatus with hexane, chloroform, and methanol in the increasing order of polarity. These extracts were subjected to find its antioxidant activity and total phenol content. Antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria was tested. The anti-inflammatory properties were elucidated by its capacity to inhibit 15-lipoxygenase (LOX) and human cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. Cell cytotoxic capacity was evaluated against MCF-7 cells breast cancer cell lines. Results: Liquid chromatography (LC)-Mass Spectroscopy (MS) fingerprint of the methanol extract identified a total of 14 polyphenols, of which five were structurally characterized based on their mass-charge ratio [M-H]− peak, UV-vis absorption in comparison to published data. Antibacterial activity by disk diffusion inhibited human pathogenic bacteria. Bacterial biofilm inhibition capacity of extract (750 mg) imaged by confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed loss of microcolonies. Extract when tested for 15-LOX inhibition exhibited IC50 values of 94.5 ± 1.23 mg.mL−1 by enzyme kinetics studies using spectrophotometric techniques. Similarly, it could inhibit COX-2 enzyme at relatively lower concentrations (32.18 ± 1.91 mg.mL−1). Further, it quenched free radicals produced by Fentons’ reagent studied by DNS-nicking assay indicating its strong antioxidant property with the capacity to protect DNA. In vitro cytotoxicity was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphynyl tetrazolium bromide assay and apoptosis induced in MCF-7 cells was assessed morphologically. Conclusion: Our data suggest that D. regia bark methanol extract exerts its therapeutic activity for further pharmaceutical evaluations. Further studies are necessary to determine the mechanisms of these pharmacological properties.

Download Full-text

EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF A CYANOBACTERIUM SCYTONEMA SCHMIDTII GOM

10.36106/paripex/2805137 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 77-79

Author(s):

Janardhan Namdeo Nehul

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Axenic Culture ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disc Diffusion ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Disc Diffusion Method ◽

Air Blower

Scytonema schmidtii,a cyanobacterium was isolated from the collected soil samples from different locations of Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra state (India). Identification was carried out using morphological variation and taxonomical approaches according to Desikachary (1959) and Prescott (1962) .The axenic culture of Scytonema schmidtii was obtained by using the method recommended by Bolch and Blackburn (1996). The isolated Scytonema schmidtii was grown autotropically in BG-11 medium as described by Rippka et al.,(1979) and incubated at 30±2°c.After 25 days, biomass was harvested by filtration through double layered muslin cloth and dried using air blower. The biomass of this Scytonema schmidtii species was used for the assessment of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus flavus and Proteus mirabilis. The antibacterial activity was studied by disc diffusion method (Anonymous,1996).Methanol extract of Scytonema schmidtii showed the activity against all the tested bacterial strains.Maximum zone of inhibition (23±1.9 mm) was recorded with methanol extract of Scytonema schmidtii.

Download Full-text

Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Metanol dan Fraksi Daun Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth) terhadap Salmonella typhi

Pustaka Kesehatan ◽

10.19184/pk.v8i3.13008 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 177

Author(s):

Achmad Syarifudin Noor ◽

Bawon Triatmoko ◽

Nuri Nuri

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Typhoid Fever ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

Water Fraction ◽

Zone Diameter

The leaves of kenikir are known to have many benefits, one of which can be used as medicine. Kenikir leaves are reported to have antibacterial activity against the bacteria Salmonella typhi (S.typhi). S. typhi is a bacterium that causes typhoid fever. Typhoid fever is still an endemic disease in Asian countries, especially Indonesia. Typhoid fever became the third largest disease in Indonesia in 2010. The study related to the antibacterial activity of kenikir leaf fraction to S. typhi has never been reported. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research related to the antibacterial activity of extracts and leaf fractions of kenikir to compare their potential against S. typhi. The study was conducted using the disk diffusion method using 5 series of concentrations namely 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 30%. Tests were carried out on methanol extract, hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol-water fraction. The results showed that highest inhibition zone diameter is 7,75 mm which is reached by methanol extract. The order of the highest inhibiting zone diameter are extract, hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol-water fraction.

Download Full-text

Antibacterial Activity of Defatted and Nondefatted Methanolic Extracts of Aframomum melegueta K. Schum. against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria of Clinical Importance

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2020/4808432 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Olufunmiso Olusola Olajuyigbe ◽

Otunola Adedayo ◽

Roger Murugas Coopoosamy

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Clinical Importance ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Plant Materials ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Agar Dilution ◽

Inhibition Zones

The antibacterial activity of the extracts of Aframomum melegueta including n-hexane extract (NHE), nondefatted methanol extract (NDME), and defatted methanol extract (DME) was investigated in this study. The NHE exhibited no antibacterial activity. The DME showed higher antibacterial activity than the NDME against the different isolates. At the highest concentration of 10 mg/mL in agar diffusion, NDME produced inhibition zones ranging from 11 to 29 mm against the microorganisms while DME produced inhibition zones ranging from 20 to 40 mm with the concentration of 10 mg/mL against the microorganisms. 0.1 mg/mL of the DME produced inhibition zones ranging between 12 and 14 mm in Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC 35654 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442, respectively, while none of the isolates were inhibited by the NDME at a concentration of 1 mg/mL or less. In the agar dilution assay, the MICs of the NDME and DME ranged between 0.31 and 10 mg/mL, but more isolates were inhibited at 0.31 mg/mL of DME than those in NDME. In macrobroth assay, the MICs of the NDME ranged between 0.15 and 5.0 mg/mL and the MBCs ranged between 0.63 and 5.0 mg/mL, and the MICs of the DME ranged between 0.08 and 5.0 mg/mL and the MBCs were between 0.31 and 5.0 mg/mL. This study indicated that DME was more active with higher antibacterial activity than the NDME of this plant, and extracting the fatty portion of plant materials prior susceptibility testing would allow plant extracts to be more effective as well as justifying the use of Aframomum melegueta in traditional medicine for the treatment of bacterial infections.

Download Full-text

Antioxidant And Antibacterial Activity Of Methanolic Extract Of Machilus Odoratissima

Kathmandu University Journal of Science Engineering and Technology ◽

10.3126/kuset.v8i1.6045 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 73-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Amit Subedi ◽

Mohan Prasad Amatya ◽

Tirtha Maiya Shrestha ◽

Shyam Kumar Mishra ◽

Bharat Mani Pokhrel

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Deoxy Sugar ◽

Radical Method ◽

Dose Dependent

The methanol extract of the bark of Machilus odoratissima was subjected to investigate its antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence of different types of compound like terpenoids, tannins, deoxy sugar, saponins and phenolic compounds. The methanol extract of the plant was tested for antioxidant activity using scavenging activity of DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil) radical method and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli & Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria using cup plate method. The extract exhibited high free radical scavenging activity. IC50 was found to be 3.37μg/ml. Antibacterial activity was observed against S. aureus in dose dependent manner DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kuset.v8i1.6045 KUSET 2012; 8(1): 73-80

Download Full-text

Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Metanol Beberapa Jenis Porifera Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus

Jurnal MIPA ◽

10.35799/jm.3.2.2014.5989 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 129

Author(s):

Megawati S. Saroinsong ◽

Febby E. F. Kandou ◽

Adelfia Papu ◽

Marina F. O. Singkoh

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

E Coli ◽

Activity Test ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Paper Disc ◽

Coli Growth

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji daya hambat dari ekstrak metanol beberapa jenis porifera terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri E. coli dan S. aureus. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode Kirby-Bauer, yaitu dilakukan dengan mengukur zona hambat di sekeliling cakram kertas. Ekstrak Haliclona sp dapat menghambat pertumbuhan S. aureus pada konsentrasi ekstrak 30%, 60% dan 90% dengan hasil pengukuran diameter zona hambat 13.50 mm, 20.67 mm dan 27.33 mm; serta menghambat pertumbuhan E. coli dengan diameter zona hambat 10.08 mm, 12.83 mm dan 14.17 mm. Daya hambat ekstrak Agelas sp terhadap S. aureus menunjukkan diameter zona hambat 8.33 mm dan hanya menunjukkan pada konsentrasi ekstrak 90%, sementara daya hambat ekstrak Agelas sp pada konsentrasi 30%, 60% dan 90% terhadap E. coli menunjukkan diameter zona hambat sebesar 7.67 mm, 10.17 mm dan 14.17 mm. Daya hambat Spheciospongia sp terhadap S. aureus dan E. coli hanya terlihat pada konsentrasi ekstrak sebesar 90% dengan diameter zona hambat adalah 8.42 mm dan 8.75 mm. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak Haliclona sp memiliki potensi aktivitas antibakteri yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan obat antibiotik.This research aimed to test the inhibition capabilities of methanol extract from several kinds of Porifera on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus growth. The antibacterial activity test using the Kirby-Bauer method, which delivered by measuring the inhibition zone around paper disc. The extract of Haliclona sp can inhibit the S. aureus growth at 30%, 60% and 90% of extracts concentration with the measurement of inhibition zone diameters are 13.50 mm, 20.67 mm and 27.33 mm; also inhibit the E. coli growth with inhibition zone diameters are 10.08 mm, 12.83 mm and 14.17 mm. The inhibition capability of Agelas sp extract on S. aureus shows that the inhibition zone diameters is 8.83 mm and only appear at 90% of extracts concentration, meanwhile the inhibition capability of Agelas sp extract at concentration 30%, 60% and 90% on E. coli shows diameters of inhibition zone are 7.67 mm, 10.17 mm and 14.17 mm. The inhibition capability of Spheciospongia sp on S. aureus and E. coli only occurred at 90% of extracts concentration with inhibition zone diameters 8.42 mm and 8.75 mm. Based on the results, it can be assumed that extracts of Haliclona sp has a potential antibacterial activity that can be used as a basic ingredients for antibiotic medicine.

Download Full-text

Antibacterial Activity of Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa Blume) Fruit Against Serratia marcescens and Staphylococcus aureus

Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology ◽

10.24198/ijpst.v8i2.32166 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 76

Author(s):

Tiana Milanda ◽

Keri Lestari ◽

Nimas T. I. Tarina

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Serratia Marcescens ◽

Local Community ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

Central Java ◽

Anti Cancer ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus

Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa Blume) is a plant found in Mount Muria, Kudus, Central Java. The local community often uses its fruit to treat various diseases, as well as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extract from parijoto fruit against Staphyococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Serratia marcescens clinical isolates. Gradual maceration of simplicial and antibacterial activity testing of the extracts was performed, followed by determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) and comparative antibacterial activity most active extract against ampicillin and cefadroxil. The results showed that all extracts exhibited activity against S. aureus ATCC 29213, but only ethyl acetate and methanol extracts had activity against S. marcescens clinical isolates. The highest antibacterial activity was shown by the methanol extract, which was more effective against S. aureus ATCC 29213, having the largest inhibition diameter and lowest MIC and MBC values (6.25 and 12.5 mg/mL). The comparative analysis indicated that the methanol extract demonstrated lower antibacterial activity against S. aureus ATCC 29213 than cefadroxil (72,511: 1). This antibacterial activity is presumed to be generated from alkaloids, polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids, quinones and saponina in the extract.Keywords: Amoxicillin, Cefadroxil, MIC, MBC

Download Full-text