scholarly journals Experimental Modeling of Combined and Sequential Use of Transosseous and Intramedullary Blocking Osteosynthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-197
Author(s):  
E. A. Shchepkina ◽  
I. V. Lebedkov ◽  
G. I. Netylko ◽  
L. N. Solomin ◽  
V. V. Trushnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limb Lengthening ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Ilizarov Method ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Comparison Model ◽  
Intramedullary Osteosynthesis ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Comparison Groups

Background. The introduction of the combined and sequential application of transosseous and intramedullary blocked osteosynthesis in limb lengthening requires an experimental study of the features of distraction regenerate. For small animals (in particular rabbits), special models are required.Aims. To develop experimental models of sequential and combined use of transosseous and intramedullary osteosynthesis in limb lengthening and substantiate their effectiveness.Materials and methods. A comparative study was carried out on 30 rabbits of the Soviet Chinchilla breed. Experimental models of sequential (EM-1) and combined (EM-2) application of transosseous and intramedullary osteosynthesis with preservation of the apparatus during the fixation period to simulate blockage were studied in the main groups. For comparison, sequential (comparison model 1 – CM-1) and combined (comparison model 2 – CM-2) use of transosseous and intramedullary osteosynthesis with dismantling of the apparatus at the end of distraction were modeled. The control was a regenerate formed according to the classical Ilizarov method. Radiographs were performed in dynamics, CT and morphological studies – at the end of the fixation period.Results. It was noted that regenerates of the same type in structure were formed in the EM-1 and CM-1 groups, as in the EM-2 and CM-2 groups. With successive methods, the spindle-shaped form of the regenerate prevailed, the formation of a pronounced periosteal component was noted. Powerful cortical plates, according to morphological studies, are formed from the periosteal and intermediate zones. With combined techniques, the cortical plates are formed thinner and predominantly from the periosteal component, the shape of the regenerate is closer to fusiform. In the comparison groups, the total time of surgical interventions was 25–50 % longer, in 50 % of cases there was a loss of length or deformation of the regenerate.Conclusions. The developed models of sequential and combined use of transosseous and intramedullary osteosynthesis for limb lengthening with preservation of fixation with an apparatus to simulate blocking have proven to be reliable in terms of fixation and easy to use on small laboratory animals.. 

scholarly journals The effectiveness of the use of oxymethyl uracil on the model of acute alcohol intoxication

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (11) ◽  
pp. 1287-1291
Author(s):  
Ahat B. Bakirov ◽  
Elvira F. Repina ◽  
Denis O. Karimov ◽  
Samat S. Baigildin ◽  
Alfiya R. Gimadieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
The Body ◽  
Acute Exposure ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Acute Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Corrective Effect

Introduction. Considering the prevalence of acute alcohol poisoning in Russia, it seems urgent to search for new effective means of correcting them. Along with taking measures to remove ethanol from the body, pathogenetic correction is effective. Oxymethyluracil and its derivatives have proven to be effective hepatoprotectors in various experimental models of liver damage. The aim of the research was the evaluation of the effectiveness of oxymethyl uracil on the model of acute alcohol intoxication. Material and methods. On the model of acute toxic liver injury of laboratory animals with ethanol, the efficiency of correction of pathological changes with oxymethyl uracil was studied compared to the drug “Mexidol”. A complex of biochemical, morphological and genetic studies was carried out. Results. The morphological studies showed that the correction with oxymethyluracil was more effective at both time points than the drug “Mexidol”, which was manifested in a lower intensity of damage to the liver parenchyma. In the group that received oxymethyluracil, a restoration of the frequency of expression of the Chek 1 gene was observed both after 24 and 72 hours. Upon acute exposure to ethanol, a slight decrease in the level of RIPK1 gene expression was observed. The level of expression of this gene decreased most significantly during the correction of oxy methyl uracil. A decrease in the frequency of expression of this gene can indicate a slowdown in necrosis processes and suppression of reactive oxygen species production in liver cells and, consequently, a curative effect of oxymethyluracil in this type of intoxication. Conclusion. Based on the complex biochemical, morphological and genetic studies carried out, it can be concluded that under acute exposure to ethanol, the corrective effect of oxymethyl uracil is more pronounced than Mexidol (ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate).

scholarly journals Experimental Methods to Simulate and Evaluate Postsurgical Peripheral Nerve Scarring

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1613
Author(s):  
Alessandro Crosio ◽  
Giulia Ronchi ◽  
Benedetta Elena Fornasari ◽  
Simonetta Odella ◽  
Stefania Raimondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Scar Tissue Formation

As a consequence of trauma or surgical interventions on peripheral nerves, scar tissue can form, interfering with the capacity of the nerve to regenerate properly. Scar tissue may also lead to traction neuropathies, with functional dysfunction and pain for the patient. The search for effective antiadhesion products to prevent scar tissue formation has, therefore, become an important clinical challenge. In this review, we perform extensive research on the PubMed database, retrieving experimental papers on the prevention of peripheral nerve scarring. Different parameters have been considered and discussed, including the animal and nerve models used and the experimental methods employed to simulate and evaluate scar formation. An overview of the different types of antiadhesion devices and strategies investigated in experimental models is also provided. To successfully evaluate the efficacy of new antiscarring agents, it is necessary to have reliable animal models mimicking the complications of peripheral nerve scarring and also standard and quantitative parameters to evaluate perineural scars. So far, there are no standardized methods used in experimental research, and it is, therefore, difficult to compare the results of the different antiadhesion devices.

Evaluation of effectiveness of combined use of COC and topical preparation containing azelaic acid for acne

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
L. S. Kruglova ◽  
N. V. Gryazeva
Keyword(s):  
Azelaic Acid ◽  
Comparable Efficacy ◽  
Antibacterial Drug ◽  
Global Assessment Scale ◽  
Efficiency Assessment ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The article presents the results of evaluating the effectiveness of the combined use of combined oral contraceptives (COC) and Skinoren cream in severe papular-pustular and moderate nodular-cystic acne.Material and methods. Patients of the first group (n = 11) used COC and an external antibacterial drug two times a day for the treatment of acne. Patients of the second group (n = 12) used COC and an external drug containing azelaic acid (Skinoren) for the treatment of acne two times a day. The duration of follow-up was 6 months. The efficiency assessment was carried out taking into account the dynamics of the indicators of the IGA (Investors Global Assessment) scale. The Manchester Scar Scale (MSS) was used to assess the effectiveness of post-acne correction. In addition, the effectiveness was evaluated based on the results of the mexametry.Results. When evaluating IGA in the comparison groups in patients with severe papulopustular acne and moderate nodular cystic acne, comparable efficacy was noted, but the best results were recorded in the COC + Skinoren group (p < 0.05). No effect and deterioration of the condition were observed in any group. When assessing MSS, the most pronounced changes were observed in patients of group 2, where the combination of COC + Skinoren was used. So, in group 1, the severity of scars decreased by 42.3 %, in group 2 by 48.2 % (p < 0.05). The evaluation of the results of the mexametry showed a more pronounced decrease in the amount of pigment in patients from group 2. When studying the results of the severity of erythema, the dynamics similar to the severity of the pigment was obtained. The best result was registered in group 2 (COC + Skinoren) (p < 0.05).Conclusions. The combined use of COC and Skinoren cream for severe papular-pustular and moderate nodular-cystic acne has proven to be an effective method both in relation to the number of inflammatory and retention elements, and in relation to hyperpigmentation.

scholarly journals Morphological changes in parenchymal organs of laboratory animals in acute effect of carbon tetrachloride

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (9) ◽  
pp. 1001-1006
Author(s):  
Elvira F. Repina ◽  
Denis O. Karimov ◽  
Samat S. Baygildin ◽  
Gulnara V. Timasheva ◽  
Nadezhda Yu. Khusnutdinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Acute Exposure ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Antihypoxic Activity ◽  
Prophylactic Administration ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
High Doses

Introduction. Among noninfectious diseases, one of the leading places belongs to pathologies caused by the action of industrial toxicants. In this regard, the search for drugs for the prevention and treatment of various intoxications is one of the priority tasks of public health. Treatment of intoxication with drugs with antioxidant and antihypoxic activity is more effective. The aim of this study was to investigate morphological changes in parenchymal organs (liver, kidneys, and pancreas) under acute exposure to high doses of carbon tetrachloride and to evaluate the effectiveness of their correction with a new composition of oxymethyluracil with ascorbic acid. Material and methods. The composition of 5-hydroxy-6-methyluracil with ascorbic acid was first synthesized at the Ufa Institute of Chemistry, Ufa Federal Research Center, RAS. The preventive effect of the new drug was studied in comparison with “Heptor” on the carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury model. Morphological studies of the liver, pancreas, and kidneys of laboratory animals were carried out. Results. Studies have shown the prophylactic administration of new composition of 5-hydroxy-6-methyluracil with ascorbic acid to have a protective effect on the structure of parenchymal organs in acute carbon tetrachloride intoxication, comparable to the drug “Heptor” (possibly superior). However, reparative properties were observed only in the drug “Heptor”. Conclusion. Comparative estimation of morphological changes in parenchymal organs under acute exposure to high doses of carbon tetrachloride indicates the protective effect of prophylactic administration of the composition of 5-hydroxy-6-methyluracil with ascorbic acid, comparable to the drug “Heptor” (possibly superior).

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE TOXIC PROPERTIES OF NAIVOTNYH NEW DENTAL MATERIAL BASED ON OXIDE ALUMINA

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Д. Жолудев ◽  
D. Zholudev ◽  
Р. Бердников ◽  
R. Berdnikov ◽  
С. Григорьев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Plasma Spraying ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Dental Material ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Deep Layers

<p>The article presents the experimental study of a new dental material based on oxide alumina obtained by plasma spraying. The experiment was performed on a large group of laboratory animals rat line «Vistar», with making a detailed study on the behavioral responses of animals on the injected material, hematological, biochemical parameters of blood. Were executed morphological studies of the salivary glands and the deep layers of the skin of animals in the field of direct suturing of the test material. </p>

Assessment of efficiency of complex treatment of soft tissue wounds by means of oxytocin and titanium aquacomplex glycerosolvate in experiment

10.12737/4115 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Глухов ◽  
A. Glukhov ◽  
Мохова ◽  
Olesya Mokhova ◽  
Микулич ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Granulation Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
High Efficacy ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
White Mongrel

Purpose of the study is to assess the efficiency use of oxytocin and titanium aquacomplex glycerosol-vate in the treatment of soft tissue wounds. The study was carried out on 72 white mongrel male rats weighing 210 ± 10 g with simulated aseptic wounds. The sampling was carried out for 1, 3, 5 and 7 days from the beginning of the experiment. To assess the course of wound process in the clinical study, planimetric and histological methods were applied. The comparison of obtained results has allowed to reveal the high efficacy of combined use of oxytocin and glycerosolvate titanium. On the basis of clinical and planimetric methods of investigation it was established that reduction of the area of the wound is significantly faster in animals treated with the use of oxytocin and glycerosolvate titanium. This treatment has a stimulating effect on the activity of connective tissue - accelerates the appearance and maturation of granulation tissue, occur earlier replacement of a number of inflammatory cells into cells, which provide proliferation; earlier appearance of collagen fibers and the prevalence among them horizontally. The use of oxytocin and titanium aquacomplex glycerosolvate in laboratory animals with aseptic wounds influences positively on the dynamic of wounded process, allows to accelerate the appearance of granulation tissue and epithelialization.

scholarly journals Animal models in the study of exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy

2010 ◽  
pp. 633-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Wang ◽  
U Wisloff ◽  
OJ Kemi
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Wheel Running ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Training Models ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
Exercise Induced

Exercise training-induced cardiac hypertrophy occurs following a program of aerobic endurance exercise training and it is considered as a physiologically beneficial adaptation. To investigate the underlying biology of physiological hypertrophy, we rely on robust experimental models of exercise training in laboratory animals that mimic the training response in humans. A number of experimental strategies have been established, such as treadmill and voluntary wheel running and swim training models that all associate with cardiac growth. These approaches have been applied to numerous animal models with various backgrounds. However, important differences exist between these experimental approaches, which may affect the interpretation of the results. Here, we review the various approaches that have been used to experimentally study exercise training-induced cardiac hypertrophy; including the advantages and disadvantages of the various models.

scholarly journals EXPERIMENTAL EVALUATION OF HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF A NEW COMPOSITION OF OXIMETHURACIL WITH CARBONIC ACIDS

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 1004-1010
Author(s):  
E. F. Repina ◽  
D. O. Karimov ◽  
G. V. Timasheva ◽  
N. Yu. Khusnutdinova ◽  
A. R. Gimadieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Antihypoxic Activity ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Morphological Studies

Introduction. The high frequency of chemical poisoning is accompanied by an increase in the absolute number of cases of chemical damage to the liver. There is growing evidence that acute chemical poisoning in Russia is among the leading non-infectious diseases leading to premature death of male and female working-age people. It seems relevant to search for new pharmacological agents with low toxicity and high hepatoprotective activity, which increase the body’s stability under the influence of adverse environmental factors. The use of metabolic action drugs combining antioxidant and antihypoxic activity as hepatoprotectors is promising. The purpose of this study is an experimental evaluation of the hepatoprotective activity of a new composition of oxymethyluracil with succinic and fumaric acids. Material and methods. The composition of 5-hydroxy-6-methyluracil with succinic and fumaric acids was first synthesized at the Ufa Institute of Chemistry. Using the model of acute liver toxic damage with carbon tetrachloride in laboratory animals, the prophylactic effect of a new drug was studied in comparison with heptor (ademetionine). Biochemical and morphological studies of laboratory animals’ biomaterial were conducted. Results. The analysis showed that when using the studied drugs, biochemical parameters were close to the level of control animals. Morphological changes in the liver were less pronounced in the group of animals treated with the new composition, compared with changes in the structure of the liver of animals treated with heptorator (ademetionin). Conclusion. The new composition of 5-hydroxy-6-methyluracil with succinic and fumaric acids has a protective effect on the liver of laboratory animals with the acute toxic effects of carbon tetrachloride, comparable, and in some cases, exceeding the preventive effect of heptoperam (ademetionine).

scholarly journals THE MORPHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF SYSTEMIC GENERALIZED THROMBOSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Linara I. Bashirova
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Factor ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Acute Thrombosis ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Group I

The only regulated model of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome or disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome is the Di Minno model of generalized thrombosis. Due to the expansion of the role of tissue factor and thrombin in the initiation of DIC, the aim of this study is the histological assessment of the Di Minno model under conditions of DIC initiation by tissue factor or thrombin with comparison with the classical variant. The study was performed on 80 male mice. All laboratory animals were divided into three groups depending on the trigger of thrombosis: Group I - collagen + adrenaline solution (0.5 mg / kg + 0.06 mg / kg), Group II - 10 mg / kg thromboplastin, Group III - 10 mg / kg thrombin. Histological studies of animal’s preparations demonstrate a lower content of blood clots in the lungs of laboratory animals, which suggests that the main cause of death of animals is not acute thrombosis, but the development of delayed manifestations of DIC when using tissue factor. In the case of thrombin using, on the contrary, the death of animals is recorded on the first day of the experiment and the results of the histological study demonstrate the massiveness of thrombosis, which is not initially provided for by this model, calculated to assess the effectiveness of new antiplatelet drugs in an acute experiment. Thus, on the basis of morphological studies, the limitations of the use of tissue factor and thrombin in model thrombosis have been demonstrated and the expediency of using physiological inducers of aggregation has been substantiated.

scholarly journals Morphological changes in the tissues of the knee joints of rats in carrageenan-induced experimental arthritis

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
O. V. Pelypenko
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Membrane ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Functional Layer ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
And Cartilage

Every fifth inhabitant of the earth has been diagnosed with osteoarthritis of various etiologies. Morphological studies of arthritis provide a theoretical basis for creating optimal treatments for this pathology. Given the polyetiological nature of the disease, the choice of the optimal experimental model, which would be as close as possible to the real conditions of inflammatory process reproduction, is the topical issue. The purpose of the study was to confirm the pathological reaction of the joint tissues of laboratory animals in response to intraperitoneal administration of ƛ-carrageenan. The study was performed on 50 white Wistar rats males aged 12 weeks, weighing 130-150 g. The animals were euthanized by an overdose of anaesthesia according to the terms of the study (1 - 30 days). Fragments of the distal metaepiphyses of the femur and proximal metaepiphyses of the tibia were used for histological examination. Staining of sections obtained on the microtome was performed with haematoxylin, eosin, and Van Gieson`s stain. From the first day of the experimental study, a corresponding reaction of the joint tissues was being observed. Particularly pronounced were the changes in the synovial membrane in the form of oedema of the villi accompanied by an increased filling of blood vessels with foci of thrombosis. Gradually, up to 5 days in the synovial membrane, proliferative changes took place with a clear definition of the multilineage of the integumentary layer, vascular reaction with a tendency to thrombosis, in some places necrosis of synoviocytes was observed, but relative integrity of the morphological structure was still provided by protective barriers of bone and cartilage. On the 7th day pronounced resorption of both bone and cartilage tissue occurred, tissue structure became disorganized and functional layer became thin, accompanied by massive intracellular lysis. The process of synoviocytes necrobiosis with fatty degeneration spread. The histological picture of 10 days is characterized by generalized destruction of bone beams; the destroyed cartilage was replaced by granulation tissue with the presence of cavities. Massive foci of lymphocytic infiltration were observed in the synovial membrane. On the 14th day, a fragmentation of cartilage happened, most of the bone beams (trabeculae) were destroyed. After 3 weeks the morphological picture of cartilage tissue was determined by the appearance in the lacunae of viable cells, the number of which was close to normal. Bone beams were restored, although they remained thin. In a synovial membrane, the hyperplasia of apical departments of villi, leukocytes infiltration, disorganization of connective tissue, and separate vascular disturbances remained. 30 days of the experiment were characterized by a relative recovery of structural relationships to normal. The obtained data confirm the feasibility of using carrageenan in experimental studies of osteoarthritis.

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