scholarly journals FORMATION OF THE INNOVATIVE PROJECT FINANCING MODEL IN MODERN CONDITIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Kachuriner ◽  
Malvina Hrushko
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
The State ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Activity Increase ◽  
State Reduction ◽  
The World ◽  
Research Centres

The state of development of the leading countries of the world proves that its main factors are innovative high technologies, new equipment, a new organization of labour and production, a new motivation for entrepreneurship. They ensure the economic stability of micro and macro systems, their competitiveness both in the domestic and foreign markets. Given the limited nature of state financial resources, the problem of finding additional sources of financing for the purpose of activating the development of innovation activity in Ukraine is becoming increasingly urgent. Today, many countries are actively implementing modern models of financing of innovative projects. In many countries, hybrid financial instruments are transformed in the modern environment into hybrid investment models such as crowdfunding and crowdinvesting. Research of existing models of innovative economic development is always relevant, development tendencies are constantly changing under the influence of global conditions. In Ukraine, it is possible to predict the development of such innovative models as: a resource model without high-tech production (natural resources – production – money); innovative model (transformation of money for research into knowledge – transformation of knowledge into skills of workers and innovations – transformation of innovations into goods – money); intellectual-donor model. An analysis of the world experience of using such forms of activation of innovation activity in the USA, Japan, Western Europe, the CIS, and other countries proves their relevance and prospects for Ukraine. At the same time, the efficiency of the functioning of innovation centres is largely determined by the proper level of financing of their activities, especially at an early stage. The model “university – innovation centres” aims to overcome the gap between education and the implementation of the knowledge gained in creating innovation. Within the framework of this model, two blocks are key: a block of joint research centres “university – industry” and a block of the creation of innovation centres and startup. The advantages of such a mechanism are: firstly, for business – direct state support for innovations, the possibility of investing under the state guarantees; and secondly, for the state – reduction of budgetary expenditures at the expense of funds attracted in the sphere of innovation activity, increase of innovation activity of priority sectors of the economy, distribution of innovative risks. The model of joint research centres “university – business structure” provides two variants of financing of such centres. The first option is based on the formation of a research centre in the form of corporation, which may include universities, private investors, local authorities, other sponsors and stakeholders. Traditionally, Ukraine has significant potential in some important fields of science, such as medicine, physics, astronomy, biology, chemistry, materials science, space science, and Earth science. Participation in Horizon 2020 allows creating additional opportunities for the successful development of these branches of science.

scholarly journals Strategic Aspects of Economic and Energy Policy of Ukraine in the Context of Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (516) ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
O. V. Klymchuk ◽  
◽  
S. V. Kozlovskyi ◽  
R. V. Lavrov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
High Tech ◽  
The World

The article is aimed at developing strategic directions and introducing regulatory measures for the formation of Ukraine’s energy policy on the principles of energy saving and the development of renewable energy industry. On the basis of scientific works, the main organizational-economic vectors of energy industry sector development are systematized, which are associated with the formation of a favorable socio-political climate regarding the priority of using renewable energy sources in the fuel and energy complex; development of effective methods of both the State-based and the market-based regulation by the world community; coordination of the strategy of sustainable development of the world economy. It is determined that the energy saving policy should be based on a flexible combination of the State-based regulation and the market environment for the formation of the most acceptable stimulation mechanisms in the specific economic and political situations, which allows for the greatest economic benefit. It has been found out that the implementation of energy saving processes is impossible without the mass use of renewable energy carriers, which are a universal resource for processing to the right types of energy, are marked by energy independence related to obtaining economic benefits and contribute to the creation of an ecological friendly environment. In the perspective, the energy saving processes, the transition of the national economy to wide implementation in the production of high-tech technologies and the use of renewable energy sources should become the determining factors of Ukraine’s energy strategy.

scholarly journals The ways of Improving the Innovation Management in Ukraine Using the International Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-210
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Bokovets ◽  
Olena Moskvichova ◽  
Iryna Hryhoruk ◽  
Svetlana Suprunenko
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Innovative Management ◽  
The World

In the world economic space there is a complex transition from industrial technological system to postindustrial, in which the high tech, informatization and knowledge economy takes on the dominating role of the driving forces of development. Naturally, for such a turn of events, economic science was not well prepared, and today there is a certain gap between the practice of accelerated changes and the scientific provision of these processes. First of all, it concerns the development of a strategy and mechanisms for the development of the country's economy and identifying opportunities for realizing its innovative potential by doing innovative management. The researchers consider innovative management in their work in a number of aspects: science and art of innovative management (I. Dichkivska, P. Zavlin); kind of administrative activity in making decisions on innovations (I. Balabanov, M. Yon, V. Stadnik,); management of innovations (N. Kruglov, A. Porshnev); a system of rules of principles, norms, values orientations that regulate various spheres of innovation activity (V. Vasilenko, L. Oholova). In innovative management, the methods of socio-psychological series, heuristic and collegial (I. Ansoff, B. Gates, L. Karuushkha, A. Morita) prevail. There is a change in the general functions, structure and objectives of management (L. Danilenko, L. Oholova), there are special means and forms of organization of innovation activity (V. Vasilenko, L. Vashchenko).The study of literary sources and their generalization shows the importance of this issue, and requires a more in-depth study and analysis of international experience in implementing innovative measures. The research objective. The main purpose of this study is to analyze measures to stimulate innovation development in the countries of the world, assessment of their effectiveness, as well as consideration of the directions on the basis of their activation of innovation activity in Ukraine. The article reveals the essence of the concept of "innovative management", analyzes the international experience in implementing and stimulating the innovation process. Thus, to summarize, it can be concluded that the experience of leading countries in stimulating innovation usually involves quite similar measures, namely: subsidies, tax cuts or, in some cases, tax holidays, payment of a share of R & D expenditure. The following organizations are created: informational, technical, financial support for business engaged in innovation activities. Stimulates the development of innovations at the level of universities and other scientific institutions.  Keywords: innovative management; innovative activity; innovative measures; R&D; innovation.

Gregory of Nyssa’s Teaching on Sin in the Homilies on the Beatitudes

Augustinianum ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-102
Author(s):  
Jonathan Farrugia ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Problem Of Evil ◽  
The State ◽  
The World ◽  
The Problem Of Evil

The Homilies on the Beatitudes are believed to be Gregory of Nyssa’s earliest existing homilies, dating most probably from the Lenten season of 378. In them we can clearly see, although still at an early stage, his thoughts on the problem of evil in the world and its effects on human nature. Reading the homilies from this angle, one can show his original ideas on the introduction of sin in human nature, on the state of the man enslaved by sin and on sin’s effects on him. Gregory also gives some useful and practical suggestions as to how sin can be overcome. Even though in later homilies he goes more deeply into these themes, and sometimes his thought develops and points to different conclusions, it is here in this first set of homilies that we start to see his ideas on sin and redemption taking shape.

scholarly journals Ensuring of labor productivity growth in the context of investment and innovation activity intensification

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariia V. Dykha ◽  
Nataliia P. Tanasiienko ◽  
Galina M. Kolisnyk
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Innovation Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovation Strategy ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Labor Productivity Growth ◽  
Technological Level ◽  
State Investment

Labor productivity determines the level and quality of life of society. The technical and technological level of production determines the level of labor productivity in the country. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to substantiate the basic theoretical principles and practical recommendations for intensification of investment and innovation activity. The object of research is the processes of the intensification of the investment and innovation activity in the system of ensuring of productivity growth. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the scientific works of domestic and foreign authors on labor productivity and ways of its increasing. As a result of the research, the level and dynamics of labor productivity in the countries of the world have been analyzed. The level of labor productivity in Ukraine in comparison with other countries has been determined. The introduction of innovations has been determined among the key factors in the growth of labor productivity. Therefore, the strategy of the investment and innovation development has been proposed. The basic principles of effective implementation of the investment-innovation strategy and the state investment-innovation policy for ensuring labor productivity growth have been substantiated. In order to achieve the goals of state investment and innovation policy and obtain the results on the growth of labor productivity, the priorities of allocation of public finance, as well as measures to enhance the development of venture capital and to stimulate the production of high-tech production have been proposed. The combination of changes from the implementation of the investment and innovation strategy, the state investment and innovation policy will result in the growth of labor productivity, ensure the competitiveness of the economy and sustainable socio-economic development of Ukraine.

scholarly journals FOREIGN TRADE IN SERVICES IN THE CONTEXT OF POSTINDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINE

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (9) ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
Tetyana MELNYK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
The State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Trade In Services ◽  
The World ◽  
Science Intensity

The tendencies of development of Ukraine’s foreign trade in services in the period of transition to postindustrial society are researched. The share of exports of Ukraine’s services in 2017 amounted to 0.2% of the world exports and 0.1% of the world imports. The foreign trade in technologically capacious services is analyzed by criterion of science intensity, according to which the Eurostat allocates 4 groups of high-tech services: the highest level of science intensity, science-intensive market services, science-intensive financial services and other science-intensive services. In foreign trade, the share of high-tech services is 42%; the share of exports is 26%. Thus, Ukraine is a net exporter on the world market of high-tech services and has over US$ 1.6 billion positive balance. Educational services, which belong to the fourth group of science-intensive services, are characterized by competitive advantages. Ukraine has a high coefficient of the population coverage with higher education. The final consumer spending of households for education in 2016 amounted to 1.3% of total expenditures in actual prices. Despite the fact that the price policy of Ukrainian higher education institutions is quite loyal, the number of students who go abroad to study increases every year. According to the CEDOS Center, the number of Ukrainian students studying in foreign universities amounted to 72 thousand in 2016-2017 academic year. According to the State Migration Service data, in 2016, 13,621 people left abroad and only 1,958 people returned. Moreover, highly qualified specialists are leaving, which negatively affects the quality of education. Ukrainian higher education institutions rank in the second half of the list of the international rankings of universities, with 5.6 out of 289. A study of the level of total per capita expenditures for health care at purchasing power parity showed that in Ukraine this level is 1.8 times lower than the world one, and 2-3.1 times lower comparing with countries of the post-Soviet space. The state and population health care expenditures increase (in 2017, they amounted to 0.02% of GDP), but are not accompanied by an increase in quality of services. No more than 6% of Ukrainians apply for personal health insurance programs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop regulatory and legal standards in the sphere of services, harmonized with international standards.

scholarly journals Analysis of the military-economic potential of some countries of the world

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykola Tkach ◽  
Ivan Tkach
Keyword(s):  
Social Activity ◽  
The State ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
The World ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship

The article is interesting for specialists, both in economic and defense spheres. In the context of increasing tension in relations between the states, of the world there is an increase in their defense budgets and the increase in the number of new weapons and military equipment systems and their evolutionary development. Such a reaction of states is logical, since it is the build-up of military capabilities that will ensure the protection of national interests.  At the same time, the basis for the development of military might is the economy, which provides the opportunity to manufacture and procure weapons. It is the degree of economic development of the state that allows it to move scientific and technological progress and realize its results in all spheres of social activity, including the production of high-tech weapons. The article shows the relationship between such concepts as economic potential and military potential of the state, namely the impossibility of developing a military potential without the development of economic potential. Having carried out mathematical calculations on the basis of selected indicators of potentials, the military-economic potentials of some advanced states of the world, as well as some developing countries, were discovered. possibility of development of military potential without development of economic potential are shown. Such a comparative analysis allowed to partly assess the balance of power in the world and draw conclusions about understanding of the processes of interaction between states.

scholarly journals On the issues of industrialization of economy in the context of Presidential «may decrees»

2019 ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
E. V. Lukin
Keyword(s):  
Material Model ◽  
The State ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
The World ◽  
Presidential Decree ◽  
New Industrialization

The article shows that the implementation of the new may presidential decree on Russia’s entry into the top five economies of the world and ensuring economic growth above the world requires a significant transformation of the state economic policy. Based on the assessment of the results of socio-economic development of the Russian Federationin 1991-2017 and based on the opinions of authoritative domestic and foreign scientists, the conclusion is made about the exhaustion of the existing export-raw material model. Its main limitations – high dependence on the external environment and the results of export-import activities, the narrowness of the domestic consumer and investment market-are systematized. To change the situation, it is proposed to adjust the state policy aimed at increasing the income of all economic entities (population, companies, state) by forming their own value chains that produce goods for final consumption. It is shown that the basis of these transformations should be the policy of a new industrialization of the economy, which will help to overcome the technological gap and create their own high-tech industrial capital. The key characteristics of the neoindustrial growth paradigm based on high labor productivity as a complex expression of intensification of all factors of production are briefly described.

scholarly journals High-tech manufacturing as a determinant of the economic development

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
Svitlana Bondarenko ◽  
Olena Makoveieva ◽  
Viktoriia Niziaieva ◽  
Anna Vorona
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Poor Country ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Global Market ◽  
The State ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Miracle ◽  
The World

The aim of the article is to study high-tech production as determinants of the country's economy. The article proves that one of the important factors in the development of the Ukrainian economy is highlighting the development of high-tech production as a priority of the state policy, which will provide opportunities for entering new markets with highly competitive products. A historical analysis of economic phenomena in the global aspect, the possibility of applying experience in the economy of Ukraine. For Ukraine, the experience of the economic miracle of South Korea, which also survived the experience of war, may be interesting. Now the country is among the 12 strongest countries in terms of GDP in the world, at 5th place in the world in the export of high-tech products. The country was called an example of successful government intervention in the economy. The experience of the economic miracle of Singapore is also considered. For 50 years, Singapore has turned from a poor country into a world leader in high-tech industries, such as electronics and pharmaceuticals, and has become the largest financial and oil refining center. Singapore’s modernization was ensured by efforts in four key areas: economic reforms, which determined the vector of investment and innovation development, social modernization, an effective fight against corruption and political stability. The government has relied on attracting foreign investors, developing the financial market and high-tech industries. Simple and transparent business registration and regulation procedures have been adopted in Singapore. It is believed that Singapore owes its success to competent public policy. The article considers the possibilities for the transition of the Ukrainian economy to a new level of development. One of the important competitive advantages for Ukraine is a strong and internationally recognized IT industry, human capital. According to statistics, the main industries that fill the country's budget are metallurgy, the agricultural sector, food and IT. You can also add woodworking and chemical industries, whose share in the state budget is also large. In recent years, these industries have begun to use high technology more and more because of the need to compete in the global market with more developed companies. At the same time, there are no programs at the state level for the introduction of high technologies in the real sector of the economy. Now enterprises independently invest in their innovations. It is possible to launch a revolution in industrial production only by introducing advanced production technologies, which are called “breakthrough”, emphasizing their revolutionary influence on the structure of production. Today in Ukraine there is a fragmented approach to innovative development. Therefore, the task for the public administration system should be the allocation of priority areas for industrial development, the development of effective mechanisms for the development of production of high value-added products. High-tech production deserves special attention.

scholarly journals Components of state innovative policy and the mechanism of its implementation in the measurement of the world experience

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
The State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Successful Innovation ◽  
Implementation Of Innovations

The subject of the research is the modern innovative development in the conditions of application of the system of the state innovation policy instruments. The purpose is to systematize scientific views and analyze the criteria, components and directions of the state innovation policy, approaches to coordinating and regulatory role of the state in innovation policy and, on this basis, to make recommendations on the application of the components of an effective innovation policy of the country. The methodological basis for the article was the works of well-known foreign and Ukrainian economists on the subject of research, the results of the authors’ own research, analysis of the main international indicators of effective innovation development of the countries of the world. To achieve the goal, the following methods were used: dialectical, historical, logical, systemic, statistical and graphical. As a result of the research, the essence of innovation policy of the state and innovation and investment risks, factors hindering the innovative development of Ukrainian enterprises and functions of state innovation policy were determined. In order to develop and implement an efficient state innovation policy, a number of indicators that are components of the successful innovation policy of the country were analyzed, in particular, the ratio of the country’s expenditure on research and development as a percentage of GDP, the number of patents issued to the country’s citizens for innovations (within the country and abroad), and the same indicator but per million in the population of the country as well as the ratio of the share of high-tech and medium-tech products of the countries listed in the international innovative rating and the average interest rate of the country’s central bank. The concept of the state support for the development and implementation of innovations in the real sector of the economy is offered in this paper.

scholarly journals Cross-industry analysis of Ukraine’s competitiveness in the world high-tech goods market

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Tetyana Marchenko ◽  
Andrii Tymchuk
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
The State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The World ◽  
Export Competitiveness ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Goods Market ◽  
Trade Competitiveness ◽  
Knowledge Intensive

Purpose. The aim of the article is to study of Ukraine's trade competitiveness in high-tech goods based on data on the value of Ukrainian exports by separate product groups. Methodology of research. The study was based on Ukraine’s international trade data, obtained through queries in the World Integrated Trade Solution web portal, which is a World Bank database. The classification method is used to identify high-tech industries that are relevant to the analysis. The statistical method is used to calculate the relative values of the structure and dynamics of Ukraine's exports. The method of comparative advantages is used to assess the level of competitiveness in different industries. Graphic and tabular methods are used to present the results of the study. Findings. Ukraine's specialization in the production of chemical products, in particular inorganic chemicals, is revealed. Several product groups in the industry of mechanical engineering also possess an advantage, while the results of other, more knowledge-intensive sectors of Ukraine are very far from world standards. The need for state support of knowledge-intensive industries that have the greatest prospects for expanding demand for their products in the future, such as the production of computer equipment and medical instruments and the pharmaceutical industry, is justified. Originality. A quantitative assessment of the level of competitiveness of each industry of Ukraine’s high-tech exports is given. It is demonstrated that among the domestic industries only the production of inorganic chemicals has comparative advantages in the international commodity market, and the degree of lag of all other industries from the world average indicators is calculated. Practical value. The methodology of the analysis, conducted within the framework of this article, can be used by public authorities to monitor the state of competitiveness of Ukrainian industries. Based on the obtained results, operational changes to the state policy of stimulating high-tech industries can be made. Key words: high technologies, high-tech industries, export competitiveness, international trade, comparative advantages, trade in high-tech goods.

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