DYNAMICS OF INFLUENCE OF COMPONENTS OF THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT OF AVIATION ENTERPRISES FUNCTIONING IN COMPETITIVE MARKETS

The purpose of the paper is research of the components of the external environment and assessment of its impact on the functioning of airlines in open markets. The article defines the essence of the concept of the external environment of the airline, in which the classical scheme highlights the environment of direct and indirect influence. The author notes that direct factors affect the activities of each individual airline separately, and indirectly – form general industry trends in competitive markets. In modern conditions, when the external environment of enterprises is extremely dynamic not only in Ukraine but also internationally, the problem of developing methodological approaches to assess the impact of macroeconomic factors on the activities of airlines is extremely relevant. Assessing the general trends in the aviation industry, it should be noted that the aviation industry is one of the few transport sectors that is developing gradually and has positive growth rates, despite the large wear of aircraft, which adversely affects the image component of most airlines. Methodology. Methods of scientific research are abstraction, grouping of data, study of time series, which made it possible to generalize the concept of environment, trends in the industry, assessment of the impact of individual factors on the development of the industry determined by correlation analysis. Results the analysis of the availability and degree of the relationship between the studied indicators made it possible to conclude that there is a strong relationship between the rate of domestic passenger traffic and population, the size of real GDP and income. Factors such as the political crisis, economic crisis, wars, terrorist acts, plane crashes, pandemics affect both domestic and global passenger traffic, which in turn is reflected in the financial condition of individual airlines. Practical implications. Analysis of the dynamics of the influence of components of the external environment of the functioning of aviation enterprises in competitive markets allows airlines to ensure sustainable development and economic activity without taking into account their economic activities. Thus, to ensure the effective operation of the enterprise in competitive markets and maintain competitiveness requires systematic management of the main resources of the enterprise. Value/originality. The author identified macroeconomic factors influencing the dynamics of the air transport industry, established the relationship between passenger traffic and global and national cataclysms (financial crises, political crises, plane crashes, pandemics, wars, etc.), substantiated the factors that caused the greatest impact on activities aviation enterprises.

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THE IMPACT OF MACROECONOMIC FACTORS ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED AIRLINES OPERATING INTO KENYA

International Journal of Finance ◽

10.47941/ijf.123 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (5) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Jane W. Kiboi ◽

Dr. Paul Katuse

Keyword(s):

Interest Rates ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Financial Statements ◽

Aviation Industry ◽

Gdp Growth ◽

Net Income ◽

Macroeconomic Factors ◽

Inflation Rates ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Purpose: The growth of economy is argued to have a positive impact on financial performance of various key sectors. Economic growth is measured using indicators such as the GDP growth rate, inflation rate, interest rates, exchange rates, money supply among others. This study focused on investigating the impact of global and origin countries GDP growth, Inflation rates and interest rates on net income of selected airlines that operate into Kenya.Methodology: Data on macroeconomic factors was collected from World Bank website for the period of between 2005 and 2014. Data on airlines net income was collected from the published financial statements for the period 2005 to 2014. The published financial statements were audited and as such their use increased the reliability and validity of the findings and conclusions. Audited statements of comprehensive income, statements of financial position, of the selected airlines were collected from their respective websites. Statistical methods correlation and regression analysis were used to test the relationship between the macroeconomic indicators and net income of airlines.Results: The results revealed a negative significant relationship between origin inflation and net income of airlines. The results further revealed a negative and significant relationship between origin interest rates and net income of the airlines. The relationship between origin GDP growth and net income of the airlines was insignificant at 5% significant level.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: This study recommends that investors in aviation industry should heavily invest when the macroeconomic fundamentals such as interest rates and inflation rates of origin countries are strong to be able to reap high profitability from airlines. Again, investors should invest more when the global economy is performing well so as to reap maximum profits from airlines destined to Kenya. That the key indicators and determinants for investment decision making in the aviation industry are the Global GDP, Global inflation, Country of Origin interest rates and inflation rates.

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THE IMPACT OF PROACTIVE-PERSONALITY ON INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOR AND WORK ENGAGEMENT IN THE UAE AVIATION INDUSTRY.

International Conference on Advances in Business Management and Law (ICABML) ◽

10.30585/icabml-cp.v2i1.245 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 108-112

Author(s):

Sultan Salem Alshamsi ◽

Kamarul Zaman Bin Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Work Engagement ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Proactive Personality ◽

Work Behavior ◽

Aviation Industry ◽

Innovative Work Behavior ◽

Significant Relationships ◽

Innovative Work ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

The objective of this research is to examine the relationship between Proactive Personality, innovative work behavior, and work engagement. The sample consists of 220 respondent managers in the Aviation Industry in the UAE. Results of Structural Equation Modelling using SmartPLS revealed that there are significant relationships between Proactive Personality and innovative work behavior, and between Innovative Work Behavior and Work Engagement.

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The Role of Education in Human Development in Iraq for the Period 1980-2012

Journal of University of Human Development ◽

10.21928/juhd.v2n2y2016.pp251-276 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 251

Author(s):

Sabah Faihan Mahmood ◽

Yassen Taha Mahmood

Keyword(s):

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Development Index ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

Index Value ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship ◽

Shed Light

Human Development aims to enlarge choices in front of people by improving the level of health, education, and income; this means that this process will upgrade both the economic and social development.In other words, human development aimes to raise the average of age and this requires the advancement of the health aspect, raise the level of knowledge and this requires the advancement of the educational aspect of all kinds., and raise the standard of living, and this requires the advancement of the economic aspect by providing the necessary jobs and promote economic activities. The study focus on the relationship between education and human development which has great importance as a mean to determine the impact of education on human development. The research seeks to achieve a set of objectives, including: Review the concept of human development and its basic elements, shed light on the reality of development in Iraq and follow the path of its development, and find out the role of education in influencing human development through the changes taking place in it and its impact on increase or decrease human development index during the period of the research. The research found set of results, the most important were the important effect of the education index on the level of human development index represented by HDI. Iraq had a good educational system in the eighties and nineties, reaching good education index value for the year (1990) which was (0.890), making the human development index in Iraq in the highest level and the value of the Human Development Index (0.759) in the first report issued by the United Nations in the year (1990). when the education index fall back there was negatively impact on the value of human development index in Iraq Directory, so when the education index value became (0.721) , the value of the Human Development Index was (0.590) in the year 2011 . This means that the value of the human development index decrease in recent years, although of improvement in the level of health, and the average per capita GDP in Iraq, and this illustrates the significant role of education on the human development process.

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Comments on "Researcher bias: The use of machine learning in software defect prediction"

10.7287/peerj.preprints.1260v1 ◽

2015 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn ◽

Shane McIntosh ◽

Ahmed E Hassan ◽

Kenichi Matsumoto

Keyword(s):

Prediction Model ◽

Strong Association ◽

Model Performance ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Defect Prediction ◽

Explanatory Variables ◽

Software Defect ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship ◽

Selection Of

Shepperd et al. (2014) find that the reported performance of a defect prediction model shares a strong relationship with the group of researchers who construct the models. In this paper, we perform an alternative investigation of Shepperd et al. (2014)’s data. We observe that (a) researcher group shares a strong association with the dataset and metric families that are used to build a model; (b) the strong association among the explanatory variables introduces a large amount of interference when interpreting the impact of the researcher group on model performance; and (c) after mitigating the interference, we find that the researcher group has a smaller impact than the metric family. These observations lead us to conclude that the relationship between the researcher group and the performance of a defect prediction model may have more to do with the tendency of researchers to reuse experimental components (e.g., datasets and metrics). We recommend that researchers experiment with a broader selection of datasets and metrics to combat potential bias in their results.

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Macroeconomic Factors and Equity Prices: An Empirical Investigation by Using ARDL Approach

The Pakistan Development Review ◽

10.30541/v47i4iipp.501-513 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 47 (4II) ◽

pp. 501-513 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Arshad Hasan ◽

Zafar Mueen Nasir

Keyword(s):

Empirical Studies ◽

Testing Procedure ◽

Bounds Testing ◽

Macroeconomic Factors ◽

Equity Prices ◽

Macroeconomic Variables ◽

Long Run ◽

Ardl Approach ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

The relationship between macroeconomic variables and the equity prices has attracted the curiosity of academicians and practitioners since the publication of seminal paper of Chen, et al. (1986). Many empirical studies those tested the relationship reveal that asset pricing theories do not properly identify macroeconomic factors that influence equity prices [Roll and Ross (1980); Fama (1981); Chen, et al. (1986); Hamao (1986); Faff (1988); Chen (1991); Maysami and Koh (2000) and Paul and Mallik (2001)]. In most of these studies, variable selection and empirical analyses is based on economic rationale, financial theory and investors’ intuition. These studies generally apply Eagle and Granger (1987) procedure or Johanson and Jusilieus (1990, 1991) approach in Vector Auto Regressor (VAR) Framework. In Pakistan, Fazal (2006) and Nishat (2001) explored the relationship between macroeconomic factors and equity prices by using Johanson and Jusilieus (1990, 1991) procedure. The present study tests the relationship between macroeconomic variables such as inflation, industrial production, oil prices, short term interest rate, exchange rates, foreign portfolio investment, money supply and equity prices by using Auto Regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) bounds testing procedure proposed by Pesaran, Shin, and Smith (1996, 2001). The ARDL approach in an errorcorrection setting has been widely applied to examine the impact of macroeconomic factors on economic growth but it is strongly underutilised in the capital market filament of literature. This methodology has a number of advantages over the other models. First, determining the order of integration of macroeconomic factors and equity market returns is not an important issue here because the Pesaran ARDL approach yields consistent estimates of the long-run coefficients that are asymptotically normal irrespective of whether the underlying regressors are I(0) or I(1) and of the extent of cointegration. Secondly, the ARDL approach allows exploring correct dynamic structure while many econometric procedures do not allow to clearly distinguish between long run and short run relationships.

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INFLUENCE OF SERVICE QUALITY ON SWITCHING BEHAVIOR MEDIATED BY RELATIONSHIP QUALITY IN SPRING BED RETAILERS IN JABODETABEK

Business and Entrepreneurial Review ◽

10.25105/ber.v10i1.20 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

Djong Hermanto

Keyword(s):

Service Quality ◽

Relationship Quality ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Structural Model ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Switching Behavior ◽

Business Context ◽

Strongly Agree ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Retailers in the spring bed business have a privilege to choose among the various products offered by various suppliers. Typically, these retailers would have chosen the suppliers whose products are matched with their needs and at the same time could give higher profits. This condition has strengthened the competition in the spring bed industry. In order to face the challenges that come from the retailers’ switching behavior, every supplier has to give a good service quality and build a strong relationship quality with their retailers. In this study, relationship quality was measured by three components: satisfaction, trust and commitment from the retailers to the suppliers.The objective of the study is to analyze the impact of service quality on switching behavior which was mediated by the relationship quality. The components of relationship quality are: satisfaction, trust and commitment. A theoretical framework was developed as the hypotheses for testing the impact of every variables were constructed. The samples of this study were 341 spring bed retailers in Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi) area. A sixpoint Likert-type scale was used for the questionnaire variables, with 1 = strongly disagree and 6 = strongly agree. The quantitative analysis with Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was completed using Lisrel 8.8. The structural model of this study could explain the interrelationship among each variables in the model. As a result, from ten hypotheses there were five findings supporting the hypotheses: service quality had an impact on satisfaction, service quality had an impact on trust, satisfaction had an impact on trust, trust had an impact on commitment, and commitment had an impact on commitment. The findings which did not support the hypotheses were: There was no impact of service quality on commitment and switching behavior; there is no impact of satisfaction on commitment and switching behavior; and finally there is no impact of trust on switching behavior. As a conclusion, the result of the study described the importance of service quality in manufactured industry, in the business to business context between spring bed suppliers and retailers. The impact of service quality on the switching behavior was mediated by relationship quality, where commitment was the important component of relationship quality that greatly affecting the strength of service quality impact on switching behavior. For future studies, researchers may explored other model to investigate more variables with more proper indicators, more homogeneous samples and longer period of research

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THE IMPACT OF TRAINING AND INNOVATION ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY IN MALAYSIA: JOB SATISFACTION AS MEDIATOR

European Journal of Human Resource Management Studies ◽

10.46827/ejhrms.v5i2.1107 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Kumaran Kanapathipillaii

Keyword(s):

Job Satisfaction ◽

Organizational Performance ◽

Hospitality Industry ◽

Quantitative Methods ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Organisational Performance ◽

Research Questions ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

The present research explores the impact of training and innovation on organisational performance. Additionally, this research scrutinises how job satisfaction partially mediates the impact of training and innovation on organisational performance. Therefore, in order to achieve the objective of this research, the survey procedure using single-stage cluster sampling method is used to develop an in-depth profile, which is gathered from 653 out of 800 formal standardised questionnaires sent to employees who are in the managerial or supervisory level and above at 400 hotels in West Malaysia. For this research, only two questionnaires were distributed to the managers of each hotel. This research employed quantitative methods to produce empirical results and shreds of evidence that fulfil the research questions. The literature scrutinised training, innovation, job satisfaction, and organisational performance to fill the gap and to uncover the significance of training programs and innovation on organisational performance with job satisfaction as the mediator. The analysis shows that training and innovation are statistically significant and has a strong relationship with job satisfaction and organisational performance. Conclusively, the hypothesis depicted that job satisfaction mediates the relationship between training and innovation on organisational performance in the hospitality industry. Thus, the findings of this study could aid as an example to other hoteliers in Malaysia to not presume the impact of training and innovativeness on organisational performance. By embarking on training and being innovative, hotels could rise against all odds, remain productive, and maintain competitiveness. Article visualizations:<img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0781/a.php" alt="Hit counter" />

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EXAMINING ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION – PERFORMANCE RELATIONSHIP AMONG CROATIAN SERVICE SMES

Ekonomska misao i praksa ◽

10.17818/emip/2021/2.10 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 509-526

Author(s):

Bojan Morić Milovanović ◽

◽

Zoran Wittine ◽

Zoran Bubaš

Keyword(s):

Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽

Business Performance ◽

Scientific Literature ◽

External Environment ◽

Moderation Effect ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship ◽

Multidimensional Concept ◽

Small And Medium Business

The relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and business performance has been widely researched. However, in scientific literature there is still a need for further clarification when observing the before mentioned concepts, especially within the service SME context. Likewise, when observing this relationship it is necessary to look into the impact of entrepreneurial orientation on individual segments of business performance, i.e. on financial and non-financial constructs. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to explore the association of entrepreneurial orientation and small and medium business performance, while observing performance both as unidimensional and multidimensional concept. Furthermore, the paper tests whether moderation effect of external environment exists between entrepreneurial orientation and business performance among Croatian service SMEs.

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How Resource Scarcity and Accessibility Affect Patients’ Usage of Mobile Health in China: Resource Competition Perspective (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.13491 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Qing Ye ◽

Zhaohua Deng ◽

Yanyan Chen ◽

Jiazhi Liao ◽

Gang Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Mobile Health ◽

Theoretical Basis ◽

Resource Competition ◽

External Environment ◽

Resource Scarcity ◽

Medical Resources ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship ◽

Moderating Role

BACKGROUND The last decade has witnessed many achievements in China’s health care industry, but the industry still faces major challenges among which the uneven distribution of medical resources and the imbalance between supply and demand are the most pressing problems. Although mobile health (mHealth) services play a significant role in mitigating problems associated with health care delivery, their adoption rates have been low. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to explore the impact of resource scarcity and resource accessibility on the adoption of mHealth from the perspective of resource competition, to examine the concerning factors, and to provide a theoretical basis for promoting mHealth in China. METHODS We used 229,516 original registration records of outpatients to conduct an empirical analysis to examine the adoption of mHealth services from the perspective of resource competition. RESULTS The adoption rate of mobile services for outpatients was low, accounting for only 31.5% (N=71,707). The empirical results indicated that resource scarcity (beta=.435, P=.01) and accessibility (beta=−.134, P=.02) have a significant impact on the adoption of mHealth. In addition, gender (beta=.073, P=.01) and age (beta=−.009, P<.001) are significantly related to adoption of mHealth. Experience with mHealth has a moderating role in the relationship between resource scarcity (beta=−.129, P=.02), accessibility (beta=.138, P=.04), and adoption of mHealth. CONCLUSIONS In this study we demonstrate that the external environment (resource scarcity and resource accessibility) has a significant impact on the adoption of mHealth. This study also demonstrates that experience with mHealth has a moderating role in the relationship between the elements of the external environment. Finally, we confirm that mHealth is a key factor in the delivery and allocation of medical resources and provide a theoretical basis for government agencies to develop policies on mHealth.

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Conventional REITs, Islamic REITs and macroeconomic variables in Malaysia: a review

ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance ◽

10.1108/ijif-08-2018-0089 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 131-143 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohd Edil Abd Sukor ◽

Zahida Abu Sujak ◽

Kamaruzaman Noordin

Keyword(s):

Macroeconomic Factors ◽

Business Decisions ◽

Content Type ◽

Macroeconomic Variables ◽

Different Types ◽

Asset Size ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship ◽

Practical Implications ◽

Conventional Counterpart

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to empirically examine the return and dividend characteristics of two different types of Malaysian real estate investment trust (REIT) series, namely, conventional and Islamic, against macroeconomic variables over the period 2011-2017. Design/methodology/approach The required data are derived from Datastream database. Multiple regression analysis is used to determine the impact of macroeconomic variables on financial performance of 13 Malaysian REIT series. Findings Results show that the macroeconomic variables are able to predict future returns and dividends of Malaysian REITs. The analysis also suggests that Islamic REITs are seen to be less sensitive to macroeconomic variables and display better portfolio diversification benefits as compared to their conventional counterpart. The ongoing implications for large-cap and small-cap REITs are also highlighted. Research limitations/implications The main limitation of the study is the small percentage of Islamic REITs sample due to limited period of observation available. However, the two Islamic REITs included are representative of Islamic REITs in Malaysia as both of them are listed in the Bursa Malaysia with asset size and market capitalization values more than RM1bn. Practical implications The results of this study may serve as a useful input for financial market players on making strategic business decisions especially with regards to differences between conventional and Islamic REITs characteristics. Originality/value The main contribution of this paper is to explore the relationship between REITs and macroeconomic factors on a unique capital market (Malaysia) that allows comparison between conventional and its Islamic counterpart.

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