scholarly journals Product Re-Engineering by Topology Optimization for Forged Component

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1266-1270
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Topology Design ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Original Weight ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Fea Analysis

Optimization tools are used when a set of objectives is used to find the best alternative proposed design. Topology optimization adds a whole new level of process of developing creative design space. The objective of topology design is to obtain a material distribution inside a given design space that is optimum in this aspect. Material is rearranged and elements that are not necessary from an objective point of view are eliminated throughout the optimization process. For Topology optimization of the forged component which is selected from industry which is steering knuckle assembly is optimized and presented in this study. For topology optimization, platform such as 3D experience is used to simulate the part. A number of modules from 3D experience is used for FEA analysis, mesh-smoothening techniques and creating parametric geometry in terms of shape and explored in way to produce the topology geometry more functional. Functional Generative Design module is used for topology optimization. From this study overall weight reduction is achieved after using the finite element method to analyze a steering knuckle assembly and performing topology optimization. And the part is optimized in terms of shape and for further suitable manufacturing process. According to the result of this research, 64% relative weight reduction is achieved in respect to a given target is 50%. The original weight of the knuckle was 843 gm. however it has since been reduced to 513 gm. As a result, the cost of knuckle is lowered.

scholarly journals Topology Optimization of Vehicle B-Pillar

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 384-392
Author(s):  
Manas Metar
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Structural Optimization ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Vehicle Body ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Reduction Techniques ◽  
Roof Structure ◽  
Original Weight ◽  
3D Software

Abstract: Weight reduction techniques have been practiced by automobile manufacturers for the purpose of long range, less fuel consumption and achieving higher speeds. Due to the numerous set objectives that must be met, especially with respect to of car safety, automotive chassis design for vehicle weight reduction is a difficult task. In passenger classed vehicles using a monocoque chassis for vehicle construction has been a great solution for reducing overall wight of the vehicle body yet the structure is more stiffened and sturdier. However, some parts such as A-pillar, B-pillar, roof structure, floor pan can be further optimized to reduce more weight without affecting the strength needed for respective purposes. In this paper, the main focus is on reducing weight of the B-pillar. The B-pillar of a passenger car has been optimized using topology optimization and optimum weight reduction has been done. The modelling and simulation are done using SOLIDWORKS 3D software. The B-pillar in this study has been subjected to a static load of 140 KN. Further by providing goals and constraints the optimization was caried out. The results of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of the original model are explained. The Topology Optimization resulted in reducing 53% of the original weight of the B-pillar. Keywords: Structural optimization techniques, weight reduction techniques, weight reduction technologies, need for weight reduction, Topology optimization, B-pillar design, structural optimization of B-pillar, Topology optimization of B-pillar.

Modal Methodology for the Simulation and Optimisation of the Free-Layer Damping Treatment of a Car Body

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Danti ◽  
Davide Vige` ◽  
Guido Vincent Nierop
Keyword(s):  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Automotive Applications ◽  
Free Layer ◽  
Acoustic Performance ◽  
Damping Material ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Material Layout

The cost and weight reduction requirements in automotive applications are very important targets in the design of a new car. For this reason all the components of the vehicle have to be optimised, and the design of the damping material layout has to be deeply analysed in order to have a good NVH performance with the minimum of weight and cost. A tool for the optimisation of the damping material layout has been implemented and tested; the need to explore the entire design space with a big number of variables suggested the use of a genetic multi-objective algorithm for the optimisation. These algorithms require a large number of calculations and the solution of the complete NVH model would be too expensive in terms of computation time. For this reason, a new software tool has been developed based on the simulation of the damping material treatments by means of an auxiliary mass and stiffness matrix to be added to the baseline modal base; using this procedure the required time for the simulation of each damping material layout configuration is reduced to a few minutes, allowing to exploit the genetic algorithm capability to efficiently explore the design space. As a result, some configurations with an important weight reduction or a much better acoustic performance have been found. This method has been verified on a simple Aluminium box in order to verify all the assumptions and to test the effectiveness in predicting the vibration levels of plates with free layer damping added to it.

Topology design of slender piezoelectric actuators with repetitive component patterns

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 2161-2172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoming Wang ◽  
Zhan Kang ◽  
Yiqiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Actuation Voltage ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Piezoelectric Actuators ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Topology Design ◽  
Programming Approach ◽  
Design Domain ◽  
Mathematical Programming Approach

This article presents a study on topology optimization of planar piezoelectric actuators assembled with repetitive component patterns. Repetitive configuration has the advantage of ease of engineering implementation, especially for relatively slender structures. For realizing this concept in the design of piezoelectric actuators, topology optimization techniques are employed for seeking the optimal layout within the design domain of the structural components. The design objective is to maximize the work delivered by the displacement output port, while constraints are imposed on the actuation energy consumption and the material volume. Both the distributions of the actuation voltage and the topologies of the host layer and the piezoelectric layers are optimized. Power-law penalization functions are used to suppress intermediate values of material densities and actuation voltage. Numerical techniques for a sensitivity analysis of structural response are presented, and the proposed optimization problem is solved with a gradient-based mathematical programming approach. Two numerical examples are given to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach. Compared with the method directly treating the whole design domain, this approach is shown to have a better convergence behavior and is able to provide final topologies that are better acceptable from engineering point of view.

Topology Optimization in Structural Design of a LP Turbine Guide Vane: Potential of Additive Manufacturing for Weight Reduction

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joona Seppälä ◽  
Andreas Hupfer
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Guide Vane ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Optimization Constraints ◽  
Turbine Guide Vane ◽  
Optimal Material

A low pressure turbine guide vane of an aircraft engine is structurally redesigned for additive manufacturing (AM). AM is known to provide more design freedom than conventional manufacturing methods, which encourages the implementation of numerical optimization methods in the design process in order to reduce weight by eliminating unneeded material. One such method is called topology optimization (TO), which finds the optimal material distribution inside a fixed design space. Using commercial software, TO is conducted to find the optimal geometry. The guide vane is subject to gas loads. During optimization, constraints for bending deformation and Eigen frequencies are applied. The design space consists of the airfoil interior and the shrouds, leaving aerodynamic surfaces untouched. Several TO approaches are examined and the result is preliminarily evaluated in a stationary coupled temperature-displacement FEA with take-off loading conditions. The results indicate a potential weight reduction of 19% but with a rise in temperature gradients. An enlarged shroud geometry would enable even greater weight reduction.

Evaluation Of The Functional Of Space-Planning Arrangement Of A Building

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-9
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Initial Data ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Shopping Centers ◽  
Space Planning ◽  
Planning Decisions ◽  
The Cost

The article focuses on the problem of the lack of objective evaluation of space-planning arrangement of buildings as a creative approach of the architect to the performing of functional tasks by the object. It is proposed to create a methodology for assessing the functional of space-planning solutions of buildings on the basis of numerical simulation of functional processes using the theory of human flows. There is a description of the prospects of using this method, which makes it possible to increase the coefficient of compactness, materials and works saving, more efficient use of space, reduce the cost of the life cycle of the building, save human forces and time to implement the functional of the building. The necessary initial data for modeling on the example of shopping and shopping-entertainment centers are considered. There are three main tasks for algorithmization of the functional of shopping centers. The conclusion is made about necessity of development of a method for objective assessment of buildings from the point of view of ergonomics of space-planning decisions based on the study of human behavior in buildings of different purposes.

PREREQUISITES FOR THE FORMATION OF A MECHANISM FOR STATE REGULATION OF SOCIAL GUARANTEES IN THE REGION

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitaly Lobas ◽  
◽  
Elena Petryaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Periodic Review ◽  
Cost Of Living ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
State Management ◽  
The Cost

The article deals with modern mechanisms for managing social protection of the population by the state and the private sector. From the point of view of forms of state regulation of the sphere of social protection, system indicators usually include the state and dynamics of growth in the standard of living of the population, material goods, services and social guarantees for the poorly provided segments of the population. The main indicator among the above is the state of the consumer market, as one of the main factors in the development of the state. Priority areas of public administration with the use of various forms of social security have been identified. It should be emphasized that, despite the legislative conflicts that exist today in Ukraine, mandatory indexation of the cost of living is established, which is associated with inflation. Various scientists note that although the definition of the cost of living index has a well-established methodology, there are quite a lot of regional features in the structure of consumption. All this is due to restrictions that are included in the consumer basket of goods and different levels of socio-economic development of regions. The analysis of the establishment and periodic review of the minimum consumer budgets of the subsistence minimum and wages of the working population and the need to form state insurance funds for unforeseen circumstances is carried out. Considering in this context the levers of state management of social guarantees of the population, we drew attention to the crisis periods that are associated with the market transformation of the regional economy. In these conditions, there is a need to develop and implement new mechanisms and clusters in the system of socio-economic relations. The components of the mechanisms ofstate regulation ofsocial guarantees of the population are proposed. The deepening of market relations in the process of reforming the system of social protection of the population should be aimed at social well-being.

scholarly journals Inclusionary Housing: An Evaluation of a New Public Rental Housing Governance Instrument in China

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Juan Yan ◽  
Marietta Haffner ◽  
Marja Elsinga
Keyword(s):  
Housing Market ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Inclusionary Housing ◽  
The Cost

Inclusionary housing (IH) is a regulatory instrument adopted by local governments in many countries to produce affordable housing by capturing resources created through the marketplace. In order to assess whether it is efficient, scholarly attention has been widely focused on its evaluation. However, there is a lack of studies evaluating IH from a governance perspective. Since IH is about involving private actors in affordable housing production, the governance point of view of cooperating governmental and non-governmental actors governing society to achieve societal goals is highly relevant. The two most important elements of governance—actors and interrelationships among these actors—are taken to build an analytical framework to explore and evaluate the governance of IH. Based on a research approach that combines a literature review and a case study of China, this paper concludes that the ineffective governance of Chinese IH is based on three challenges: (1) The distribution of costs and benefits across actors is unequal since private developers bear the cost, but do not enjoy the increments of land value; (2) there is no sufficient compensation for developers to offset the cost; and (3) there is no room for negotiations for flexibility in a declining market. Given that IH is favored in many Chinese cities, this paper offers the policy implications: local governments should bear more costs of IH, rethink their relations with developers, provide flexible compliance options for developers, and perform differently in a flourishing housing market and a declining housing market.

scholarly journals A new stress-based topology optimization approach for finding flexible structures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Noack ◽  
Arnold Kühhorn ◽  
Markus Kober ◽  
Matthias Firl
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Stress State ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Flexible Structures ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Output Displacement ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Flexible Designs ◽  
Gauss Points

AbstractThis paper presents a new FE-based stress-related topology optimization approach for finding bending governed flexible designs. Thereby, the knowledge about an output displacement or force as well as the detailed mounting position is not necessary for the application. The newly developed objective function makes use of the varying stress distribution in the cross section of flexible structures. Hence, each element of the design space must be evaluated with respect to its stress state. Therefore, the method prefers elements experiencing a bending or shear load over elements which are mainly subjected to membrane stresses. In order to determine the stress state of the elements, we use the principal stresses at the Gauss points. For demonstrating the feasibility of the new topology optimization approach, three academic examples are presented and discussed. As a result, the developed sensitivity-based algorithm is able to find usable flexible design concepts with a nearly discrete 0 − 1 density distribution for these examples.

Optimizing Skyscrapers' Spatial Integrated DSF-MTMD System Under Wind Loads

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oren Lavan ◽  
Liran Anaby
Keyword(s):  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Wind Loads ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Wind Effects ◽  
Mass Damper ◽  
Double Skin ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Formal Optimization

<p>From a structural engineering point of view, wind effects pose one of the major challenges to tall buildings. From a performance/architectural point of view, climatologic aspects pose a major challenge. Remedies for each challenge separately have been proposed. One of the remedies for wind effects is the Tunes-Mass-Damper (TMD) or multiple TMD's. To mitigate climatological issues, the Double-Skin-Façade (DSF) has been developed. Recently it has been suggested to take advantage of the space between the two skins of the DSF system to allocate TMD's.</p><p>In this work, another step is taken towards a single remedy for both challenges. A modified version of the TMD-DSF system proposed by Moon (2016) is presented. That is, parts of the mass of the DSF envelope itself are used as part of a multiple TMD (MTMD) system. This is obtained by connecting these parts to the building using springs and dampers while allowing the DSF to move parallel to the floor edges. Furthermore, the DSF-MTMD system is optimized using a formal optimization approach. The optimization indicates which parts of the envelope should be connected to the building rigidly and which should be used as TMD's. Furthermore, the properties of the springs and the dampers are determined by minimizing the cost associated with transforming the DSF system to a DSF-MTMD system and limiting wind responses to desired values.</p>

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